Guardian -- 1958-08-05 -- Page 4

_ Bisenhower.

_ ary.

Ghe Guardian

Covers Prinses Edward island Like the Dew

Published —, week-day morning at 165 Prince Street
Chariottetown, P.E.1.. by the Thomson Company Ltd
fan A. Burnett, Publisher and General Manager
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PAGE 4 TUESDAY, AUGUST 5, 1958,

Vancouver

Important Event
The appointment of an Opposition
member as chairman of a | Standing
Committee of the Commons is an

event of\considerable importance. For _

one thing, it makes parliamentary
history; for another, it demonstrates
a fine sense of responsibility on the
part of the big Conservative majority
which could, if it wanted todo so,
turn the present Parliament
something resembling a party caucus.
Despite the big names associated
with the Liberal opposition,. opposi-
tion eriticism so far this session has

not been noticeably effective. Mr.
Pearson, with all respect to him, is

clearly not at his best on an opposi-
tion bench. .

It often seems to be taken for
granted that an opposition group,
éspecially when it is weak numerical-
ly, should be satisfied with the rem-
narits of responsibility. This is in dir-
ect contrast to the democratic concept
which assumes that parliament as a
whole, not any particular group in it,
is the governing body. It would seem
particularly appropriate for Opposi-
tion members. to have an important
say in studying and appraising de-
partmental expenditures. It is good to
see that in the present instance this
principle has been recognized; and it
is to be hoped that it will continue to
receive recognition. ey :

_A Faint Hope :

Everyone, of course, hopes that

the meeting of heads of govern-

ments—if one is held, despite the
quarrelings of the moment—will bea
success. But ‘It is difficult to see how »

it can be, since the two sides are ap-'

proaching the meeting from entirely
different motives. At least, that is
the conclusion one is forced to draw
from published

mier Khrushchev and President |

Mr. Khrushchev’s sole ‘pampose is,
in his own words, “to disetiss Ameri-
can and British armed intervention in _
Lebanon and Jordan”. Iti 5 obviously

his intention to eh on that fictiti- |

ous subject for all it is worth—and |
we may be sure that it is worth a
good deal in Arab and neutralist cir-
cles—and to demand , unconditional
withdrawal of American and British
forces from the two areas.

President Eisenhower, on the
other hand, has said that the main
business of the meeting will be to dis-
cuss Soviet “indirect aggression” in j
the Middle East.

Now, it doesn’t take an expert in
international relations to see that
these two approaches are as far apart
as any divergent views could possibly
be. There will, of course, be other in-
fluences at work—the. neutralist in-

fluence, for example; but basically it

will be a tug of war between the two
big power bloes; and it is hard to see
how anything in the way of an agree-
ment can come out of such cross pur-
poses, so long as each side adheres to
its declared position.

Bill Of Rights

A dispatch from Ottawa says that
Prime Minister Diefenbaker is ready
to present to Parliament a “Bill of
Rights” on which he has been work-
ing for some time. It is understood
that in substance it resembles closely
proposals made by Mr. Diefenbaker
‘when he was in opposition, and reject-
ed by the Government of that time on
the ground that they were. unnecess-

“The main points of the bill are

said to be as follows: 1. Everyone has:

the right to life, liberty and security

of person, and all are equal ae the

law; 2. No person shall be subject to
arbitrary arrest, detention or exile
Any person arrested or detained must
be promptly informed why and given

fair hearing within a reasonable time

or be released; 3. The right. to habeas
eorpus of any person shall not be
abridged, suspended or abrogated ex-
cept by Parliament; 4. Nothing in the
bill shall abridge or exclude any
rights or freedoms to which any per-
son is otherwise entitled.

These are worthy principles, of :

course. But are they not already pro-
tected by our laws and respected by
eur courts? A formal bill of rights
might be yseful in emphasizing these
privileges of free men; but it is hard

into |

statements of Pre-

to see how it could give them a
stronger hold. However, there is little
likelihood of any serious opposition to
the Prime Minister’s bill when it is
presented. Its very name will win sup-
pért; for, of course, no one would
want to go on record as opposing
democratic freedoms. But we do not

feel that passage of the measure is a

matter of any particular urgency. It
appears to be one of those things.
which can be safely handled at. lei-
sure, since, for all practical purposes,
it is already a part of the Canadian
legal structure.

Commonwealth Sales

Canadian exports to Common-
wealth countries are worth about $1
billion every year, writes P.C. Colling-
wood of the Department of Trade and
Commerce in the latest issue of “For-
eign Trade”, Seventy or eighty per
cent goes to the United Kingdom;
the ten per cent variation is usually
caused by the strength or weakness
of the wheat and lumber markets in
Britain. ;

_ Of the other Commonwealth coun-
tries which, with Britain, took 20 per
cent of all Canada’s exports in 1957,.
South Africa is historically our sec-
ond largest market, though: some-
times she vies with Australia for sec-
ond place. Together these two coun-
tries buy roughly $115 million worth
of Canadian goods each year. Depend-
ing on wheat sales, India and Pakis-
tan sometimes stand high—as in 1953
and 1958. Normally, however, Can-
ada’s sales to Pakistan are smaller
than those to New Zealand and
Jamaica. Apart from these major
markets and the entrepot trade with —

Hong Kong, roughly $35 to $40 mil-
lion worth of Canadian goods go to

the 25 other Commonwealth areas,

EDITORIAL NOTES

Lower earnings for the Big 3

automobile manufacturing companies _

jn the United States for the first six ;

months of this year made a big dent

in Federal taxes. The bill for the 3 in
the January-June period came _ to

$265,000,000, compared with $811,-

. obia age for the same ee} in cee

we Mae ane :
ecmber of the dadyisory com-

mittee appointed under the Farm
Stabilization Act is quoted as saying.
| that the act was designed “to protect

the large\ farm operator and let the
devil take the hindmost.” That’s the

way it seems to be working,’ whether

@ wt et be s the intentign.

The: Sitawe ai iy “Would : ‘

we be bothering with Jordan and Le-

banon or wortying over ‘Nasserism’
or trying to stop Middle East com-
munism if the Mideast did not have
oil? Perhaps not. But what is wrong
about the West’s being concerned
about its legitmate oil interests in the

Middle East?

om * *
Until recently any foreign com-

‘pany wishing to do business in Bri- °

tain had to obtain special consent of
the Treasury. That restriction has
now been removed. In the future, per-
mission will be given as a matter of
course for the establishment by non-
residents of any new enterprise. The
old restriction was intended to keep
enterprises considered “prejudicial to
the economy”’ out of the country.

* * ee

CCF House leader Argue told the
Commons that “farmers in general
feel that price supports are not high

enough.” That would probably be the

ease if they were much higher. Our
own opinion is that the chief com-
plaint against the supports in this
area is their uncertainty. Farmers
should. know well ahead of time the
lowest prices they are likely to receive
for their products.
R wv \e

Britain is the first country to
have its own nuclear power stations
built by industry on a competitive
basis, and the export of nuclear reac-_
tors and other nuclear equipment is
similarly the responsibility of private
enterprise in Britain. The UK Atomic
Energy Authority will normally en-
ter into agreements for the supply of
the necessary fuel for British made
nuclear plant exported to other coun-
tries under an
agreement,

Dee * « :

Referring to the granting of state-
hood to Alaska, a Soviet paper noted
that “the legislation reflected United
States’ trying to find a new and more
effective form of turning Alaska in-
to a military, strategic bridgehead
for an attack on the Soviet Union and
the Chinese People’s Republic.” The
editor must have been half asleep or
drunk when he let that pass. Every
one knows that federal control of
Alaska as a State will be less, not
more, than when it was a mere terri-
tory.

inter-government _

| will mark the latest

THE BICYCLE BUILT FOR: WO

_ Inside The Soviet Empire

Edward Cranshaw in

LONDON — Russian’ subver-
sion is constant, to be taken for

granted as an unfortunate fact of ©

life. A great deal of time is wast-
ed and energy misdirected in try-

- ing to establish particular examp-

les of Moscow’s tireless activity
— and then often getting it wrong.

It is better to assume that every-
where and all the time devoted
Russians and their dupes and

| Conscious agents are trying to un-

dermine, by whatever means at
hand the foundations of every |
society which has not given itself
over to the safekee of Mos- |
cow and perhaps, Peiping.

Thus, in a sense, it is a truism
to say that the trouble in the
Middle “East offers one more
piece of evidence for the exis-
tence of a global Communist plot.
But it is not very helpful. It is
as though a meteorologist were
‘to say that ‘last month’s weather
offered one more piece of evi-
dence clouds bring rain, Lenin,
Stalin, Khrushchev have them-
selves told us all we need to know
about the Communist conspiracy
Ptiias more than is good for

MISLEADING :

Thus it is untrue and danger-
ously misleading to ‘suggest that
—— at this moment is en-
gaged in Communist
revolutions in the Middle Piast.
It is doing nothing of the kind.
What it is doing is strengthening
the existing Soviet empire vis-a-
vis the Western coalition by help-.
ing to undermine the Western
position. The existing Soviet Em-
pire was obtained by. force, or
the immediate threat of force
(as in the case of Czechosolvakia
who felt herself abandoned by the
West), laced with guile.

And the Russians have shown
time and time again that they
are not at present interested in:
any extension of their Empire
that cannot be held, fairly easily,
by force stopping short of full-
scale warfare. The Soviét Com-
munists are still Russians. In-

deed, their tacties in the Middle

reproduce in detail the sub-
versive tactics of the Czars along
the frontiers of India.
SOVIET INTERESTS

But if Mr. Khruschev and his
friends are not interested just
now in bringing Communism to
the Middle Bast, they are deeply
interested in helping to expel
Western influence from that area.

And to this’ end they will work

The London Observer

with any means that come to
hand.
If Mr. Khrushchev thought that

he could best upset the Western

apple - cart by supporting Arab
kings and princes, he would do
so. But he does not think this.
His chosen instrument for the
time being is Arab nationalism.
Thus, inside the Soviet Union, he

fights against Moslem influence

because it exerts a disruptive
force on his own regime; but
outside the Soviet Union he sup-
ports it because it exerts a dis-
ruptive effect o the Western po-
sition. t

There might not be a. single
Communist in the Middle East,
but Moscow would still support
any movement, even at the risk
of burning its vo fingers,. which

Conversely, Iraq gee) be full, a
Communists, but if it suited Mos-
cow's book, for whatever reason

to keep the Communists quite far |

a spell, they would be thrown to
the wolves without a tremor.
MOSCOW’S ADVANTAGE

All this, suggests that Mos-
cow's plotting, which is ever-
lasting, becomes dangerous only
when the movement it elects a
support in any given country has
in itself become a formidable
force. Moscow's particular advan-
tages lie in her diagnostic sup
eriority (not invariable, but very
marked in the Middle East) and
her perfect lack of scruple.. Thus
Moscow recognized the force of
Arab nationalism in‘ the Middle
East before the West did, and

was thus able to harness loosely.

to its own purposes the sort of
emotions which, when they mani-
fest themselves inside the Soviet
Union represent black tréason
(or révisionism, to use the eur-
rent cant phrase). Moscow is also
happy to exploit Anab feelings
about Israel.

Russia’s subversive activity in
the Middle East is thus not dif-
ferent in kind from her subver-
sive activity in Britain or Amer-

ica. It is only more effective be-.

cause it has better material to
work with. The only way to com-
bat this-sort of aetivity is to
deny her the opportunity of pos-
ing as the protector of ‘the op-
pressed and the model of en-
lightened altruism. The only way
to do |this is for ourselves to as-
sume in real é@arnest the role

which Moscow assumes as & dis- |

guise.

History-Rich St. Lawrence.

National Geographic Society

WASHINGTON. — A new. era

In spacious locks ships are rais-

shared by the United States |ed and lowered by intricate ma-

and Canada as cooperating neigh-
bors—was born and baptized ear-
ly in July along the upper reach-
es of the St. Lawrence River.
The baptismal waters, pouring

| out of Lake Ontario, were first

released, then dammed to form
a vast pool that will serve as a
major link in the monumental
St. Lawrence Seaway.

Some 25 miles long and aver-
aging 40 feet in depth, the man-
made lake will accommodate
seagoing ships a thousand miles

_from the Atlantic. Its interrelat-

ed system of canals, locks, and
dams will not only pérmit enor-
mously heavier traffic, but pro-
vide millions of kilowatts of pow-
‘er on both sides of the interna-
tional Jine.

SAW ANOTHER WORLD

The inauguration of the ‘entire

Seaway next spring will open a
de ater Jane winding 2,300 mil-
es from the mouth of the St.
Lawrence to North America’s in-
dustrial heartland.

The first big ships to go through
act in a
drama whose prologue was enact-
ed along this same stream more
than 400 years ago. But the early
French explorers and settlers
who came this way would find
little to recognize in today’s scen-
ery,

Where primeval wilderness
spread, great inland seaports
now handle millions of tons of
cargo a year. The river, harneés-
sed by concrete and steel, flows\

through channels 27 feet deep.

chinery that would have seemed
witcheraft to the pioneers.

» Discoverer of the broad erack
in the New World coast was a
Breton skipper, Jacques Cartier,
who reconnoitered the vast ent-
rance gulf in 1534. On a return
trip, he sought shelter in a small
bay he named St. Lawrence: for
the saint’s day. Eventually the
name caught on for both gulf and
river,

Cartier sailed up the Great
‘River—or the River of Canada as
he also called it from the Iro-
quois word Kanata—to the site
of what was to be the city ‘of
Montreal. There rapids barred
further progress,

Like others spurred by the am-
bition of the time, Cartier had
failed to find a short cut to the
Orient. Instead, -he had turned
the key to the inner secrets and
wealth of a new continent.
RIVER-BORNE RIVALRY

In the early 1600's, Samuel de
Champlain’s voyages and colon-
ies along the St. Lawrence estab-
lished France as a Western pow-
er. With the founding of Quebec
and the discovery of the Great
Lakes, other French explorers,
fur traders, and missionaries to
the Indians pushed on to the up-
per Mississippi. Turning souts,
they ‘claimed an empire that
reached all the way to the Gulf
of Mexico.

Meantime, the British, too,
were taking to the St. Lawrence
as a ‘high road to expansion and
trade. The long and bitter power

"PUBLIC FORUM

This columns ‘is open to the discus

sion by correspondénts of quéstion of

interest. The Guardian does nét neses

sarily endorse the opinion Of corres
bondents.

OFFICIAL RATE CHARGED

Sir,—In the Public Forum - of
Pe A edition of the Char-
lottetown Guardian Mr, Harold
A. MacGregor of Cardigan stated
that in presenting -money to the
stores in Charlottetown 5 per
cent was taken off for exchange.
The exchange charged by this

firm is the official rate of ex-.

change. For at least the past

three weeks we have been uate: ;

ing 4 per cent.
This firm is very well aw re of
the value of the tourist industry

to P.E.1. and
nor will not attempt to take ad-

| vantage of our tourists or local |

people by ‘charging an inflated

rate of cent on American

money. » :
J am, Sir, Gal

HOLMAN |

ALAN H
President, Hed ‘Holman Limited.

struggle . cain France an d
England. spread across the At-
lantic to erupt in the French
and Indian Wars. It was settled
along this river in 1759 when the,
British victory on Quebec's Plains:
of Abraham set Canna # future
alliance and course.

Again in the ieoccinas Revolu-'
tion and the War of 1812, cam-
paigis in the St. Lawrence-Great,
Lakes region made history. The
peace treaty of 1814 reaffiimed
the Canadian-United States Bor-
der through the Great Lakes and

reaches of the river. It
so marked Hag Bene of the
unbroken friendly relations that
have made today’s Seaway pos-
sible.
IMPROVEMENTS IN 1700's

The first navigation aids along
the inland route were developed
in the late 1700's. One was a
shallow canal that bypassed the
Montreal rapids. The other was
a small lock canal built at the
Sault Ste. Marie bottleneck at
the outlet of Lake Superior. It
penmitted canoes and other small
craft to negotiate a 21-foot, drop

‘problems to the dinner table with

_ | the amount of regular milk.’

certainly has not |

“Before the dammed-up waters

Tips On How
To Gain Weight

By Herman N. Bundesen, M.D.
PVE WRITTEN a good many
columns about the dangers of be-
ing overweight and about reduc-

blems.
me anise confess, however that
T have sadly neglected those of
you who are’ underweight and
wish to add poundage.

I'd like to do something about
this oversight right now.

I you are trying to gain weight,
you should make every effort to
increase your enjoyment of food
and boost your appetite.

REST AND EXERCISE

I think it goes without saying
that you should have adequate
rest and exercise. Mealtimes
should be happy occasions. Don’t
take your domestic and office

you.
Between-méal snacks are per-
fectly all right providing they
don’t harm your appetite for your
regular méals. But there is ano-
thér trick of this weight-gaining
business which will help add

se) 2 don’t mean that you will be
able to gain 10 or 12 pounds |
a. a day or two. But by care-
fully adding a few extra calor-

iés here and thére—it’s just the
reverse of réducing regimes —
you can add weight. ;
HERE’s HOW

There aré many simple ways:
of doing this.

If you have a hot cereal for

breakfast add a. few raisins, |

dates or figs. This will give you
an extra 100 calories. or so with-
out adding appreciably to the
bulk.

Drink milk or cocoa instead of
tea or coffee. If you do drink tea
or coffee, mix ‘some evaporated
milk with it. Evaportated milk,
you see, is equal to about twice

DILUTE WITH MILK -

When drinking evaporated milk
dilute it with regular , milk in-
stead of water. That way you
get more milk.

When you have finished a meal +

try to eat another slice or éven
half a slice, of bread. Use plen-
ty of butter -and jelly or mar-
“malade. This can add between
100 and 200 calories to your meal.
- One more tip: Rich, sweet and
fried foods tend to depress the
appetite. So save them until: the
end of the meal.
QUESTION AND ANSWER

. M. :Whenever I, drink a
warm drink, I perspire ‘profusely,
What causes this?

Answer: The taking of any /
warm beverage may cause a per-
son to perspire, due to the ef-|.
fect, of the warm drink on the
misc oe

oe Lake lek. ed aes
Since then, bigger on petit.

canal and. lock systems, with|

ever deeper channels, have taken
increasing traffic over and around
all obstacles — including that
queen of hurdles, Niagara. Falis.

In man’s latest t: with.
the river's flow, the creation of |
the vast artificial lake in the On-
tario - New York State ‘area

flooded highways. sections of. rail-
road, and séveral communities.
Drowned. too, were the sites of

‘histonic forts, farms, cemeteries,
and villages, chiefly on the Can-
adian side.

But the jong preserved relics
of early days have not been lost.

‘were released, the Canadian gov-
ernment removed valuable re-
cords, antique’ furnishings; im-
plements, and pioneer tombston-
es — even the buildings themsel-
ves when possible — to safe
ground. In time, they will be re-
assembled for exhibit in a series
‘of monuments and memorials to
‘be established along the St. Law:
rence shores.

Such historical displays will be-
come part of a vast parkway
system extending on both sides
of the river. With many scenic
and recreational areas, it is ex-
pected to attract annual millions
of visitors who will see on one
hand the restoration of scenes
from the past and on the other
the latest marvels in transporta-
tion and power creation.

NOTES BY

merely wore striped trousers and |
gardenias and balanced teacups.
Today they must be skilful in
doging rocks.—Ottawa Journal

Anyone who drives when hig;
mind is occupied with any other
problem than safe driving is a!
menace to every other motorist |
on the road.—London Free Prégg

An Alabama man, feeling a trifle |
high, got into a “‘fight”” with three |
clothing store dummies. Floored |
‘em all too — before the ; | bel
was called off on account of ‘po- |
licemen.—Sudbury Star | t

A man arrested for |
the other day said that he was
merely going the same speéd
the other ears on the road,
was fined, nevertheless. Pb
other instance to show that it
not. always, sound policy to keep:
up with the alas
age ndtear re :

culprit in. Leola’ wee
at such high levels. Beet roasts

moved up to be among the
est beef eaters in the. pA Pha at
cheer-Waterloo Récord ‘

‘2 Many auté.pedple keep laugh
ing off the suggestion that ther
is a real mass market for small- |
er, cheaper, less pretentious cars,
They call the present enthusiasm
for small imported cars a
of “inverted

may be an element
this. But what may

Baltimore Sun

The number of people won
temperance — figures suggest|
4,000,000 have gone on the wagon}
this. yéar, 13,000,000 in the last
12 years — has reduced « .
tion to such an extent that pee :
liquor firms are cutting prices.|
Governments may wonder, with
some misgivings, what would
happen to their revenues if every:
one stopped drinking. But when
some people show the good sense}
| to eut down or cut jout their|

crinking — we should ~~ about
ph tbs goss tang

“THE BOYS ON THE HILL
The boys of the district
In, old Forest . Hil

“Erected a cottage with
Vigor and skill.

aa they wielded the tools *
Of the carpenters’ trade-—
Building forms and oe HON
Roof—walls and facade. |

From the eight o ‘clock whistle -
‘To the five o'clock bell ;
. They worked on the patio :
porch and the ell. — :
Making joints of precision ney
miter’s all good—
They fashioned the plans
‘Into chambers of wood.

There was Wendell and Cyril
And Charlie and Lee- —
All working like Trojans
With hustling me.

Off the Forest Hill road .
Leading ‘‘out to the Bay”
On the slope of the summit
They builded—WHITEBRAE, :
| —Peter A. Reilly |.Vi

The AgeOld Story oe

For whom the Lord loveth “+ |
chasteneth, and scourgeth every,
son whom he receiveth,

Your nearest branch on
the Bank of Montreal :

70 2 MILLION CANADIARS

WORKING WITH ECANADIANS

Bank or MonTrREAL

Canadas First Sank

REG. G. BOYNE, Manager

Charlottetown Bratch,

can = you quick servi

105-107 psipiinaes street?

IN EVERY WALK OF LIFE

A time was when ambassadors ;