Edited Text
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VOL. IV.
la
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stot
ot chen
crald,
CHARLOTTETOWN,
tents ee cin ttnnen tng
ie =
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, APRIL
es
22, 1868.
ersten
NO, 27.
°% i
16 PRINTED AND FPUBLIQHED EVERY WEDNBADAY MORNING
EDWARD REILLY,
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR,
Queen
Street.
at his Office,
j TERMS FOR THE ‘“‘1ERALD.”
For year, paid in advance,
a hd
Adyertisements inserted ai
£0 9 0
** half+yearlyinadvance,0 10 0
t the usual rates.
JOB PRINTING
description, performed with neatness and despatch
and on modérate terms, at the Heratp Office.
ALMANACK FOR APRIL.
silt MOON 8S’ PHASES.
‘Full Moon, 7th day, 3h. 4m., morn., 8. W.
Last Quarter, 14th day, 6h, 22m., even., S.
New Moon, 22d day, 4h..7m., even., S. W.
First Quarter, 29th day, 2h. 5m. even., N. W.
=.
Py
El oar ween. |. 5 | High |aoon| % 3
if © rises |sets [Water] sets.! ©
; h mh mh mh mh om
b |Weduesday’ {5 416 24-4 49, 2 8.12 43
2 |Thursday 40} 26 5 561257] “45
~-8 Friday 38} 26] 7 6] 8-41} 48
4 (Saturday 36) 27, 8 ta 4 18} 561
5 |Sunday” 35} 28! 9 141 4 54] 5s
6 |Monday 34! 2910 8) rises.) 55
7 {Dueaday Fn $1|10 57}:% 9} 59
8 |Wedoesday 80} 3211 41/8 1613 2
9 |Thursday 28) 33, even.| 9 21 5
10 |Friday 26] 85,1 61022; 9
11 |Saturday 25; 36,1 5011 20) 11
12 jSunday 23) 87, 2 34 morn. 14
13 | Monday 21}, 89 $ 21 0 6! 18
14 | Tuesday 19) 40.4°9| 0 58] 21
15 [Wedoesday | 17], 41/5 8! 1 40, 28
16 |Thuraday 16) 4315 581217; 26
17 [Friday 14] 44! 5 56) 2 51) 30
18 |Saturday 12; 46,7 48,317) 34
19 ‘Sunday 10; 47) 8 4113 50; 389
20 [Monday © 8 49) 9 26; 4 18) 41
21 |Thesday 7} 5010 12] 4.49) 43
22 [Wednesday 5 52.10 56) sets 47
‘23° | Thursday 3} 53'11 56} 7 52} 50
Ot | Wide 1} 56 morn.| 8 51} 54
25 {Saturday o' 86/0 1810 6| 56
25 Sunday’ 4.59} 5711 B11 9) 58
27 ‘Monday 57} 58| 1 S2jl1 5914 t
28 |Tuesday 56] 59; 2 44 morn. 8
29 | Wednesday 55\7 0} 8 38/057) 5
80 reece 53 | 4 * 140}. 9
ee
ES
Prices Curre
ey Rn eg
Provisions,
Beef, (small) per lb. 5d to 10d
Da by the quarter. 5d to 8d
Pork, (carcass) 41 to 6d
Do (small) 5d to 7d
Mutton, per Ib., 5d to 9d
Lamb per.lb, 4d to 5d
Veal, per lb, 3d to bd
Ham, per lb., 6d to 7d
Batter, (fresh) 1s 3:1 to Is 5d
Do by the tab, la 24 to Is Sul
Cheese, per tb., 3d to Sd
Tallow, per bb., 9d to 10d
dard, per lb, 8d to 104
Flour, per lb., 84d to. 34d
pete per 100 Ibs., 21s to 23s
Sggs, per dozen, Orta’ Od to 10d
rain,
Barléy) pér bushel,” ba Gd to Ov Gd
Date sper do., 3s to 3s Zul
i j Vegetables.
eas, per quar
Totatecs, vie bushel, 20 9d to 2s 100
Poultry.
Geese, 2s Gd to 39 6d
Turkeys, each, 4s to 70 Gd
Fowls, each, ls to ls 3d
Chickens per pair,
Ducks, jong 1s 3d to 1s 6d
Codtish ! ey 208 to 80s
“ , th, *
Usreinge per barel 26s to 40s
ackerel, per dozen,
Lumber.
Boards (Hemlock) ; 4s
Do race) 4s ‘0 5s
Do ¢) 7s 098
‘Shingles, per M 13s t. 188
Hate DOE (OM e- orice 75 1 80s to 90s
tse a Be ios dk to wane a
mothy- “he 15s to 188
‘Clivet Seed, per Ib., 14 GU to ts Bd
Homiespun, per yard, rf 1) 4eto 6s
Calfskins, per tb., 6d'to Od
Tides, per lb., » Aa
Vool, Is to 1s 4d
Sikepitine nee 5s to 7s.
ippleés, per doz.,
‘Partrilges,
of?
Be the oo SS RESIS
oon domo “A RRMAN
nt.
Cuartorrerown, April 17, 1863.
GEORGE LEWIS, Market Clerk.
8 OEET I+ SM LTE,
. BELL-HANGER AND TIN-SMTTH.
#OS to tnform his fends, and the
that ho has Again commenced Busines on Dorches-
Aer Street, next ¢
here.ho is prepared to execute all orders in his. line
with neatncss and despatch,
ogee a ON MAND,
' SA) deat ‘assortment of Tinwaro,
«» Kitchen Utensils, &e. &e.
frethdltiy the patént Bow Pow Corre’ Pot, which te
ested! tha Go
‘f1867. Also, BON ‘TON
aed genernlly,
to the Reading Room buikling,
| opty ya the Market,
usq.or. on board Vessels. " y : ta-of Land so in arrear,and proclaimed as afore-
A fo Ay ree, Coatenson hand, pion together with oa, are hereby notifled that in case the sums charged
* V Holy Of other Stock will be sold cheap for | 5. tiem as aforesald, together with tho costs which
Geer’ sarina:) 1S te dal sit have heen Incarred, ‘shall not he pall before the next
1S. SHERMANSIs ecedee SAW BR'SORUOT AL: EAgter Térin of the Supreme Court, which will com-
aLuson tow; bifid superior le used in Pinence’ on Tudstlay, the fifth day of May next, applica-
hereby aeaxing of Alby, por cent is guaran: | ton sill Ye m to the Supreme Conrt daring the anid
iran which he sto t the patronage.of | terri for bis “94 against the’éaid Lota or tracts ©}
aun i : ‘Land respettively:
“Cnvewa, July 24, 1867. ec ass JAMES WARKURTON, Trendurer,
dal Prkd at’ the Patid Exposition
¢ SON. * DANTBRNS. okide will
and suitable for either
COTTON DUCE,
AVING been appoi A f
pobre omic ppointed Agent for the sale of the
Tae Beseels Mills Cotton Duck,
ubseri # prepared to receive orders for all the
different Numbers, in quantities to suit purchasers,
I, C. HALL.
Charlottetown, May 22, 1867,
FAT HERRING
rpPue subscriber has for sale, 100 Bbls. Bay of Island
FAT HERRING, (Cheap.)
Ch’town, March 4, 1868.
L. C. OWEN,
pat
PACKHT
PRETWEEN
SOURIS & CHARLOTTETOWN.
—_—O—
ding Fasr-sartine and Commoprous Schooner ‘A, R.
McDonap,” will run between Souris & Charlotte-
town, calling at the intermediate ports, as soon as the
navgaition permits.
DOMINICK DEAGLE, Master.
ly
FREEHOLD PROPERTY
FOR SALE!
HE Subscriber offers to sell, by Private Contract,
the following Property, namely :
A SHOP, on Queen Street, at present in the oceupa-
tion of Eaward Reilly, Esq.. and usod as a Book-store
and Printing Office.
A DWELLING HOUSE, on Pownal Street, occn-
pied by Mrs, Sallenger as a Boarding-honso.
A HOUSE, on King Street, in the rear of Mrs. Sal-
lenger’e, occupied by Mr. Dunn,
A DWELLING HOUSE,.on the rear of Euston
Street, oceupied by Mr. Fitzgeral, pensioner.
Also—the DWELLING on Queen Street, occupied
by the subscriber, HUGH MONAGHAN.
Ch'town, March 4, 1868, tf
LAND ASSESSMENT.
Treasurer's Office,
Charlottetown, P. E.T.,
25th January, 1868.
i" ursuance of an Act of the General Assembly
of. this Island, made and passed in the Twenty-
fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty, Queen Vic-
toria, intituled, ‘*An Act relating to the Land Assess-
ment at present imposed by Law on the Town and Roy-
alty of Princetown,” and also of an Act made and
assed in the Twenty-seventh year of the same reign,
ntituled, ‘An Act to consolidate and amend the sever-
al Laws imposing an Assessment on all Lands in this
Colony, and for the encouragement of Education,” |
do hereby give Public Notice that [ have made procla-
clamation according to the terms of tho said Acts, of all
the undermentioned Town Lots, Water Lots, Common
Lots, Pasture Lots, Islands, or parts of Is!unds, Town-
ships, or parts of ownships, in this Island, in arrear
for the non-payment of the several sums due and owing
thereon to Her Majesty, under and by virtue of the
above mentioned Acts, viz :-—
Janunry 29,1868.
Acres. Acres.
Township No. 3 1014 Township No. 36 294
nd 5 6424 “ $7 «481
nie 8 785 " 89 «3110
“s lt 1884 ves 40 21294
Cg 13 18638 - 41 20554
ve 15 954 ie 42 2684
268 16 3146 ” 48 92323
ed 17 ost “ 46 2552
" 18 166 we 60 1805
“i 19 88 ” Bl 5404
“ 20 9004 “ 62 10274
re ah Tee es 53 12784
“ 22 «MIT “ 64 1722
“ 23 «1091 “ 66 2594
” 24 258} - 53 468
hee 25 4154 a 69. 9429
“ 96° 1994 4 60 27784
“ 27. 890 ” 61 25654
we 29 1474 - 62 2220
+ 81 2784 As 66 18934
bas 32 623 “ 66 228
ae 83. 908]. George's Island, 566
ts 34. 264 ~Bunbury ‘“ 16
s 35 2294 Connelly,‘ 60
First Hundred of Lots in Charlottetown :—three-elghths
of No.6, one-quarter of Ja, DU Tnaseee of 16, one-
twelfth of 17, one-qharter of 2%, one-quarter of 23,
one-quarter of 24, one-quarter of 38, one-quarter of
42, seven-twentieths of 43, one-eighth of 44, one-
quarter of 48, one-half of 65, one-eighth of 74, one-
quarter'of 78, one-half of 83, one--yuavter of 90, 97,
Second
eight
quart
One-¢
one-t
[lundred of Lots imoCharlettetown:— five-
sof No. 6, one-half of'7;,one-quarter of 8, one-
¢ of 14, one quarter of 18, one-quarter of 19,
arter of . 20, one-quarter of 21, one-half of 26,
f of 27, 31,,one-half of 43, one-half of 44, one-
quart of 46, one-sixth of 51, thtee-eighths of 55,
one-s th of 59, one-sixth of 83.
Third higdred of Lots in Charlottétown :—five-twelfths
of 21, five-twelfths of 22,
Fourth hur/ired of Lots ‘In Charlottetown :—one-quar-
ter of €. Sne-half of 24, one-half of 29, ‘one-half of 42,
five-clehths of 43, one-quarter Of 58, scven-twelfths
of 69, 60, one-lralf of 61, one-quarter of 74, one-half
+of 82, 84, one-halfof 85. ‘ '
Fifth hundred of Lots in Charlottetown :--one-half 0,
11, one-quarter of 12, one-quarter of 18, one-half o
‘29, five-twelfths of 62, one-sixth of 73,
Lots in Charlottetown formetly Gceupied as the Barrack
* Square !~No. 1. stolbs
Water Lot, opposite to Town Lot No. 97, in the first
hundred of Lots in Charlottetown, {
Lots inthe Common of Charlottetown :~one-third « of
1h, seven-twelfths of 18. ‘
Pasture Lots i the Royalty of Charlottetown :—ore-
half of No, 23, £7; two-thirds of 28, 35, 39, 43, 44,, 64,
68, 72, » B91. 297, 318, 339, 340, 867, 368, 369, 470,
871, 998, two-thirds of 399, two-thirds of 400, 401
402, 431, 499, 531, 538. .
‘Town Lots in @ own :—No. 18, Ist range, letter A.
One-half of Noi 9, third ‘range, letter A. No: 7, 4th
range, letter A. No. 8, 4th range, letter D. No. 6;
grd range, letter F. Noi 2,3, 18.8 16, 4th range, let-
ter-F. Noy dl, 4th , letter Gy .
Pasture Lots in the: Royalty of Georgetown :—Nos.. 165,
225,, 809, 322.
Reserved Lands adjoining the Royalty of Georgetown:
235 acres.
town Lots in Princetown :—No. 5, ‘Ist row, Ist divi-
sion, letter A. No. 3, Ist row, 2nd division, letter A.
No, 3 & 8, 2nd row, 2nd division, letter B. No. 8, 2nd
row, Srd division, letter B. Noss, 2nd row, 4th divi-
sion, lettér B. No. 3; 384 row, 2nd division, letter C.
No: }, 4th row, 2nd division, letter D. No. 1, 2 & 3,
5th row, 2nd division, letter E. No.3 & 4, Sth row,
6th divisions letter BE. Now, 1, 21 8,4, 5 & 6.
Pasture Lota in the Royalty of Princetown Nos. 65,
75, 240, 459, and 460,
hed the owners of the aforesaid Lots, parts of Lots
DEBATES AND PROCEEDINGS
OF THK
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.
(Continued.)
Ilon. Mr. Gorvon: I ecanot see that
there is any provision in the bill to pre-
vent the plundering of wilderness lands.
I observe that a question of a similar
vature has been agitated in the Dominion
of Canada, and I will read an extract
from one of their public journals :—
“Thus far, we have discussed this ques-
tion from a Revenue point of view only.
We will now turn for a moment to the
question of the value of our forests. Under
a free grant system two evils would arise to
the forests. First, speculators would go on
the lands ostensibly to settle; but, in reality,
to cot down and sell all the timber grow-
ing on them, and having accomplished that,
they would go away. And, secondly, igner-
ant, careless or mischievous persons would
goon the timber lands for the purpose of
settlement, and would destroy valuable
timber, not only on their own lots, but on
neighboring landa, and therehy great loss
of valuable public property would take
place,”
Now, our public lands have been pur-
chased at a high rate, and I think it is
just as necessary for us to preserve them
from being plundered, as it is for the
people of Canada to preserve theirs.
flon, Mr. Hayrrnorne: I fail to see
how the timber can be valuable, as long
as it is standing in the wilderness. It is
only when itis cut down and converted
into something else, that it is valuable,
not while it is standing in the forest. A
mau will not be allowed to go indiserim-
inately and select the best timber land,
but such tracts as will be open for settle-
ment under this act,
Hon. Mr. Lorp: Thia is a Govern-
ment measnre, and of course, I am pre-
pared to support it, but at the same time,
L do not hesitate to say that I do not ex-
actly agree with all its provisions, I think
it is just and right that the timber
should be preserved. I know something
about what has been done in cutting and
plundering timber on public lands, as
well as destroying: the trees by taking
off the bark. Thousands of pounds worth
of public property has been destroyed in
that way, and I believe there ate many
persons who will take 50 or 100 acres
of land whder this bill, without any‘ic-
tention of settling upon it. They may
take the land in the fall, take £30 or £10
worth of timber off it during the winter,
and then leave it. Itis the duty of the
Legislature to prevent anything of that
kind. I agree with his houor who spoke
last, that a poor man taking a farm,
should have the benefit of the timber upon
it; but the difficulty is to discriminate
between the man who intends to settle
upon the land, and the man who does
vot. The Canadian act is rather a strange
one, but I believe a man is only allowed
a free occupation for four yéars, and he
is not allowed to cut more timber than
he wants for his buildings. If the settler
is a poor man, he is protected in this
way: acreditor is not allowed to seize
his land fortwenty years. Neither is he
alluwed to take all his stock. I think he
has to leave $500 worth. Perbaps that
would be going too far here, but I think
it ia the duty of the Government to see
that men are not allowed ‘to destroy the
property. I did expect to, see a clause
in the bill for that purpose. I do not
approve of the wholesale destruction of
Government property. I believe there
isa. great deal of timber taken off the
Goverument lJantls in the western part
of the Island, as well ag at the eastward.
In fact, Government property is consider-
ed by some parties to be free, and it will
be plundered, in-spite of all the precan-
tions we ¢an take; but this billis giving
the poor mat agreat privilege; it is
prt to making him a present of 100.
acres of land. It is said that wood land
is: very valuable in some parts of the
Island, and so it is. Near Charlotte-
town it is worth from £8 to £12 an acre,
but it is pot worthso much in the vicinity
of Murray Jlarbor, and very valuable
tracts will not be interfered with by this
bill: I do not intend to oppose the
measure, but I do not like to giva aman
the privilege of taking away ‘property
which does not belong to hint,
}fon, Mr. Havruorns: 1 think his
honor’s fears are, to a great extent, chi-
merical. Suppose 5,000 acres are laid
off in‘ lots of 50,'or 100 aeres, that will
not entitle a man to go and select a good
piece .of timber laud. whereever he
pleases; but if a mau chooses to settle
upon a piece of land, he Was a ‘right to
take what he can get oft it. Ttis within
my own knowledge, that parties from the
neighborhood where [ reside, went and
selected a piece of land on the St. Peter's
| ber.
possess large quantities of valuable tim-
ber. Where there are valuable tracts,
they can be reserved and offerad under
the provisions of the “ Land Purchase
Act;” therefore, I do not think this bill
will have the effect of giving rise to
wholesale plundering. Ifit is found to
give rise to pluedering, it will be as
easy for the Government to take soe
measnres to prevent it, as it is now to
prevent it under the “‘ Land Purchase
Act.” Tonce possessed some wilderness
jland, when shipbuilding was more com-
mon than it is now, and for a series of
years I employed a wood-ranger, but’ TI.
believe I might as well have’ kept any-
thing else as a man for any benefit he
was in preserviag the timber. TI after-
wards adopted another plan, which was
to charge stumpage, and that is a course
which the Government can have recourse
to. For these reasons, I do not think
the bill is open to such serious objections
as your houors suppose,
Hon, the Prestpent: Tis honor who
has just spoken, admits that the Gov-
ment holds some valuable tracts of wil-
derness land, and if a man is allowed
eight years free occupation, he may cut
and export what timber he pleases ; then
he may leave the Jand when it will be
almost valueless. It will not cost much
to build a house twenty feet square, and
perhaps cutting off the timber will be
considered improving the land. For the
benfit of the country, I think some pro-
vision should be made in the bill to guard
against fraud of this kind as much as
possible. In Canada they derive a large
revenue from public lands, but it is not so
here. Our public lands have been pur-
chased at the expense of the Colony, and
the timber upon them should be preser-
vedas much as possible. I do not in-
tend to oppose the bill, but I think it
should be better guarded than it is.
Hon, Mr. Batperston : The principal
reason why new settlers often get on
so slowly, is, that they have not the
means of raising avythiog on their farms
tor their support; and if we give them the
privilege of cutting and selling timber,
they may earn something in that way in
the winter, which will enable them to de-
vote the summer to the improvement of
their land. It has been said that they
might take off the timber and leave the
land comparatively valueless; but if a
poor man takes a hundred acres of good
tardwood land, it wiil take him more
than eight years to take all the timber off.
Then if he were required to improve two
acres a year, that would bo a sufficient
guarantee that the Government would be
able to sell it for more than when the
wood was upon it.
Hon. Mr. Dixawett: I apprehend
that the object of the bill is to encourage
the settlement of the land, and it is not
to be supposed that men would be in-
duced to settle upon it, if you impose un-
reasonable restrictions upon them, and,
therefore, the object of the bill will be
defeated. Iam willing that the settler
should be required to cultivate one acren
year, instead of improve it, as the bill
states. Perhaps cutting down the wood
would be considered improving the land,
but he should put some crop in #t. Then,
if a poor man has to pay the land tax,
to build a house and fo cultivate one acre
a year, I think that is quite enough, with-
out restricting him in the use of the tim-
It will only bo inferior tracts of
land that will be offered under the | pro-
visions of this bill, and what is the use of
the Government having large tracts with-
out avy person settling upon them.
Hon. Mr. Lorp: I do not think there
is any necessity to bind a poor man to
clear the land, for if he intends to remain
upon it, he will have to clear it for his
own benefit, and, therefore, I think it is
qnite enough to say, he must improve
one acre, What I object to, is, that par-
ties wisl be allowed to take tho timber off
the land without giving value for it, and
then leave it.
ion. Mr. Been: The best guarantee
that the settler would leave value fer the
timber taken off, would be to require
him to cultivate two acres ayear, Then
hé would find he: had something else to
do than euttingawaythetimber. If that
were done, at the end of eight years there
would be sixteen acres clear, so that if
it should be thrown on the hands of
the Government, they ,would be able to
sell it without any difficulty. Tho settler
must have the privilege ot cutting the
timber, or he cannot live on tho land.
Lam wilting to do anything reasonable
to eucourage the settlement of the wil-
derness lands, and to induce ovr young
men to remaia ov the Island.
Ilion. Mr. Watker: I do not agree
road where there was good timber. They
cut. and exported a large quantity, of fire-
wood, making n very eligibla trado of
ity and L wm sore it was a very’ honest
ote. Indeed, I do not know any better
purpose to which the timber conld be
applied. Firewood oan be shipped to
New/oundland, and returns made in va-
luable commodities. If this bill would
enable parties to go indiscriminately to
cut timber where they please, I would be
as much opposed to. it as any of your
havors; but the matter is left very much
under the control of the Executive Coun-
cil, and we are vot bound to entertain
every application for land. We ean limit
the applications to such parts as do not
with his hobor who bas just spoken.
The fact is, that any man taking a wil-
derness farm has a hard task before him.
The labor of clearing laud in this coun-
try is almost incaleulabie, and there are
many disadvantages. Where is man
to raise hay? Some years must elapse
before ho can raise any quantity, and
without bay he eannot keep horses. It
is a mere fallacy to suppose that land is
so easily cleared in Prineo Kdwasd Is-
land. Most yoang meu would rather go
fishing, orthey will go to Cape Breton,
where they can get land very cheap,
and it is much easier cleared.
Hon. the Parsroant: Perhaps one
acre a year is as much as we should in-
sist upon being improved. There is a good
deal of labor 1 putting crop in one acre
among the stumps, where the land has to
be burned and hoed. Any man settling
upon the land will clearas much as he
can, and perhaps one acre a year is as
much as we should insist upon,
Hon. Mr. Parmer: I am not changed
in my opinion, for I think it is our duty,
irrespective of whether it is a liberal or
illiberal measure, to guard against a
fraud upon the public, and as the bill is
now, they are liable to have fraud prac-
tised upon them, The bill will apply, not
only to lauds now held by the Govern-
thent, but to others which may yet be
purchased, ond more may be purchased
before the year is out. I couceive that
there is nothing to prevent parties from
plundering those lands, Suppose five
persons should club together and select a
good tract of timber land; then they
straggle,one at a time,to the office of the
Commissioner, and get 500 acres all in
one block. They have to put up a little
house equal to 20 feet square on each
hundred acres, which can be built for
£25, or £125 for the five. Then they
have to cut down an acre on each hun-
dred, which can be done at £3, making
£15 for the five acres. Thus, they will
get possession of 509 acres at a cost of
£140, and then they may turn round and
laugh at the Government, who cannot
have any reconrse upon them, while they
sweep the timber off the whole block,
which may be worth £1000. Twenty
miles is considered now-a-days no great
distance to draw valuable timber. ‘They
may employ as many teams as they
please, and how is the Government to}
prevent ii? Itis no use saying we can
adopt the same course as under the Land
Purchase Bill—that we can employ wood-
rangers—for it is not the uulet wilderness
land that we are considering, but what
will be taken possession of under the pro-
visions of this bill. A precautionary
mensure is demanded, and we would be
negligent of our duty if wo did not en-
deavor to prevent such results as I have
anticipated, We see that in Canada
they find it necessary to use precautions
against the destruction of timber on
public lauds, and I do not see why we
cannot and should not do the same.
Hon. Mr. [arrnorne: I cannot but
admire the great zeal of his honor from
the city, who has just spoken, teast the
colony should suffer loss by the cutting of
timber on wilderness lands, but the case
which he has supposed is only imaginary,
and is not at all likely to occur. He says
that more land may be purchased by the
Government, but even if that should be
the case, itswill not be immediately
offered for settlement under the terms of
this bill. Ifit is found to possess great
intrinsic value, that great value will urge
people to offer higher prices for it, The
lands offered under the provisions of this
bill will be limited, and we can reject
applications which we do not consider
eligible. He says five men might club
together and select a good tract of land
—that they might apply to the Commis-
sioner of public lands, comply with the
terms and get possession of it—then strip
it of £1000 worth of timber, but if such
valuable land exisied, it would be dis-
posed of under different terms.” If his
honor thinks there is such danger of
having the land plundered, I would like
to hear him suggest some amendment to
the bill. Jor my part I have: very. little
fear of anything of that kind; aodif a
man settles on this wilderness land, he
has a right to the privilege of selling the
timber off it. It should be his own pro- |
perty and for his own benefit.
Hon. Mr. Lorp: I think his honor
who spoke last is under a mistake. Te
says tho wilderness land will not be offer-
ed under this bill indiscriminately ; but I
understand that the whole of the land in
the possession of the Government will be
offered.
Hon. Mr. Warrnorne ; No, only such
parts as the Government thiok fit to
offer.
Tlon. Mr. Lorp : Well, even so, how
are you to discriminate? When a mao
applies for a piece of land, are you to
say, “We will not give to you,” It
will be left in the bands of the Land
Commissioner ; it will be his duty to lay
off the land in tracts of 50 or 100 acres.
If you interfere with him, he will, per-
haps, snub you, and quite right he would
be in doing. so, I believe the bill is a
suggestion of that gentleman,’ IT do not
take any credit for it as a member of the
Government. I hope the young men of
the country will be induced to take up
and oveupy those lands, but L doubt wery
much if they will do so. I know some-
thing about clearing land, and it is dear-
ly bought when a man clears it. Tlow-
ever, L am prepared to aupport the bill as
it stands, but there should be some way
to prevent the laud from being plan-
dered.
Hon, the Prestpent: Tis houor from
the second district of Queen's County,
(Mr, Haythoroe), wishes to insinnate
that those who spoke against some of the
provisions of this bill, would restrict a
man in taking timber off his own farm,
but it should be remembered thatthe
farm will uot belong to the settler till the
end of seven years, and not even then,
: settlement.
if he does not comply with the conditions
ting possession of the land, he would feel
a greater interest in it, but all he willbe
required to do will be to clear one acre
a year, and build a small house.
Hon. Mr. Watxer : If a man isto be
restricted in taking timber off his farm,
the probability is, that the land will not
be taken at all; therefore, I would rather
leave the bill as it i8.
Hon. Mr. Barperston: I think &
young man going into the woods to settle,
can very easily clear two acres a year, and
if he is n-t prepared to do that, it would
be better for him to go fishing, or some-
thing else. I think there is véry little
danger of five persons ta’ £1,000
worth of timber off a piece of land, as
his honor from the City said, but if a
man gets possession of a tract of land it
will be very little gse to restrict’ him in
the use of thetimber, for he wil take it.
Ifhe has honesty enough to keep off dd-
joining lands, thatis as much as need be
expected.
Ton. Mr. DixGweru: 1. think there
are plenty of restrictions upon. a young
man taking a wilderness farm, and I
would be sorry to ses any more imposed,
uponhim. You must give -a,.man an
opportunity to live, and he cagnot live
on a farm without clearing and: cultiva-
ting it, neither can he clear it without
cutting the timber. I am, therefore, pre-
pared to support the bill as it ig,
Hon. Mr. MacDowarn : Soriié of your
honors have been speaking on, the as-
sumption that a man will-take 100 acres
of land for the purpose of plindering it;
but I do not think‘ there will He much
chauce for.a man to get a large tract
of land with valuable timber upon it, un-
der the provisions of this bill, “ahd even
if it were the case, the very fact of the
timber being cut down would make it of
more value to a man who would take it
for the purpose of settling upon and culti-
vating it. I believe it costs alont 20s.
an acre to cut down the trees, avid there-
fore, the Government would have no dif-
ficulty in selling land on whiehthe timber
had been cut down. The fact of the
land being laid off in tracts of "50 and
100 acres goes to show, that if one indi-
vidual should take a farm for the purpose
of plundering it, aod his neighbor takes
another for the purpose of settling
upon it, the one would be ready. to take
up the land which the other had plunder-
ed and left; or if he would ‘not, there
would be plenty others who would be
willing to take a farm in the midst of a
We know that Government
lands are sold in the neighboring pro-
vinces, as well as in the United States,
ata much lower rate. Ja Nova Scotia
they are let ata merely nominal price,
and if they were let here on more favore
able terms, I believe there are many per-
sons in poor circumstances who would
settle upon them. Those iovlined to
plunder the timber have a. much better
opportunity of doing so mow where
there are large tracts unsettled, than they
will have when they are laid off in farms
and somo ot them settled upon. It
would be the interest of those settlers to
see that those lands were not. taken for
the purpose of plundering ‘them.’ I am
not inclined to make it compulsory upon
the settler to clear two acres a, year, for
(think one is quite enongh. It. will be
~ sserg with him to clear as many as he
ikes.
Hon. Mr Beer submitted an amendment,
seconded by the Hon, Mr. Balderston, to
make it compulsory upon the. settler to
clear two acres 9 year instead of one, as
proposed by the bill, which was disagreed
to by the Committee.
The Mouse was then résuméd and pro-
gress reported. aida
SMALL DEBT COURT—PETITION.
Hon. Mr. Muirhead presedted a peti-
tion of certain inhabitants ‘of Egmont
Bay and vicivity, praying for the estab-
lishment of a Smail Debt: Court ‘in that
locality, which was received add read.
Hon. Mri MacDonatn said be thought
it was a great blessing to the people in
that section of Prince County to be so
believed the, nearer people ,were to
a court, the more litigation there would
be, and if'a court were held every day,
corresponding ratio, 4
Hon, Mr. Dixawert said he was glad
to hear such views expressed by his honor
from Georgetown, anit hé hoped he
would bring in a bill for ho'§ing the
Smell Debt Courts quarterly, iastead of
monthly. '
Hon. Mr. Lorn could ..not.coincide
with is honor from Georgetown, though
ihe had no doubt bat his vie@s were
borne out by his experiente in the
town where he resided. TH thought the
petitioners were entitled to hay¢ a court
where they desired it, .Unfortunately,
many of the people in that locality were
in poor cireamstances, aod had ‘a prac-
tice of running small accdunts in stores,
to settle which, they were often taken to
Summerside, or somewhere else, and if
they had a court nearer home it would
cost them less money. '
had bot mach faith in the wv
» vf peti-~
tious respecting Small. Debt . ‘ourts,
on which he obtained his occupation. If
the settler paid a certain amount on got-
for he remembered that, a few, ye. +r: ago,
(Continued on fourth paige’
the business would bo ihtrensed in a
distant from a Small Debt Court. He 4
Hoo. Mr. Pataren romethol hat he
VOL. IV.
la
a
=
stot
ot chen
crald,
CHARLOTTETOWN,
tents ee cin ttnnen tng
ie =
PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND, APRIL
es
22, 1868.
ersten
NO, 27.
°% i
16 PRINTED AND FPUBLIQHED EVERY WEDNBADAY MORNING
EDWARD REILLY,
EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR,
Queen
Street.
at his Office,
j TERMS FOR THE ‘“‘1ERALD.”
For year, paid in advance,
a hd
Adyertisements inserted ai
£0 9 0
** half+yearlyinadvance,0 10 0
t the usual rates.
JOB PRINTING
description, performed with neatness and despatch
and on modérate terms, at the Heratp Office.
ALMANACK FOR APRIL.
silt MOON 8S’ PHASES.
‘Full Moon, 7th day, 3h. 4m., morn., 8. W.
Last Quarter, 14th day, 6h, 22m., even., S.
New Moon, 22d day, 4h..7m., even., S. W.
First Quarter, 29th day, 2h. 5m. even., N. W.
=.
Py
El oar ween. |. 5 | High |aoon| % 3
if © rises |sets [Water] sets.! ©
; h mh mh mh mh om
b |Weduesday’ {5 416 24-4 49, 2 8.12 43
2 |Thursday 40} 26 5 561257] “45
~-8 Friday 38} 26] 7 6] 8-41} 48
4 (Saturday 36) 27, 8 ta 4 18} 561
5 |Sunday” 35} 28! 9 141 4 54] 5s
6 |Monday 34! 2910 8) rises.) 55
7 {Dueaday Fn $1|10 57}:% 9} 59
8 |Wedoesday 80} 3211 41/8 1613 2
9 |Thursday 28) 33, even.| 9 21 5
10 |Friday 26] 85,1 61022; 9
11 |Saturday 25; 36,1 5011 20) 11
12 jSunday 23) 87, 2 34 morn. 14
13 | Monday 21}, 89 $ 21 0 6! 18
14 | Tuesday 19) 40.4°9| 0 58] 21
15 [Wedoesday | 17], 41/5 8! 1 40, 28
16 |Thuraday 16) 4315 581217; 26
17 [Friday 14] 44! 5 56) 2 51) 30
18 |Saturday 12; 46,7 48,317) 34
19 ‘Sunday 10; 47) 8 4113 50; 389
20 [Monday © 8 49) 9 26; 4 18) 41
21 |Thesday 7} 5010 12] 4.49) 43
22 [Wednesday 5 52.10 56) sets 47
‘23° | Thursday 3} 53'11 56} 7 52} 50
Ot | Wide 1} 56 morn.| 8 51} 54
25 {Saturday o' 86/0 1810 6| 56
25 Sunday’ 4.59} 5711 B11 9) 58
27 ‘Monday 57} 58| 1 S2jl1 5914 t
28 |Tuesday 56] 59; 2 44 morn. 8
29 | Wednesday 55\7 0} 8 38/057) 5
80 reece 53 | 4 * 140}. 9
ee
ES
Prices Curre
ey Rn eg
Provisions,
Beef, (small) per lb. 5d to 10d
Da by the quarter. 5d to 8d
Pork, (carcass) 41 to 6d
Do (small) 5d to 7d
Mutton, per Ib., 5d to 9d
Lamb per.lb, 4d to 5d
Veal, per lb, 3d to bd
Ham, per lb., 6d to 7d
Batter, (fresh) 1s 3:1 to Is 5d
Do by the tab, la 24 to Is Sul
Cheese, per tb., 3d to Sd
Tallow, per bb., 9d to 10d
dard, per lb, 8d to 104
Flour, per lb., 84d to. 34d
pete per 100 Ibs., 21s to 23s
Sggs, per dozen, Orta’ Od to 10d
rain,
Barléy) pér bushel,” ba Gd to Ov Gd
Date sper do., 3s to 3s Zul
i j Vegetables.
eas, per quar
Totatecs, vie bushel, 20 9d to 2s 100
Poultry.
Geese, 2s Gd to 39 6d
Turkeys, each, 4s to 70 Gd
Fowls, each, ls to ls 3d
Chickens per pair,
Ducks, jong 1s 3d to 1s 6d
Codtish ! ey 208 to 80s
“ , th, *
Usreinge per barel 26s to 40s
ackerel, per dozen,
Lumber.
Boards (Hemlock) ; 4s
Do race) 4s ‘0 5s
Do ¢) 7s 098
‘Shingles, per M 13s t. 188
Hate DOE (OM e- orice 75 1 80s to 90s
tse a Be ios dk to wane a
mothy- “he 15s to 188
‘Clivet Seed, per Ib., 14 GU to ts Bd
Homiespun, per yard, rf 1) 4eto 6s
Calfskins, per tb., 6d'to Od
Tides, per lb., » Aa
Vool, Is to 1s 4d
Sikepitine nee 5s to 7s.
ippleés, per doz.,
‘Partrilges,
of?
Be the oo SS RESIS
oon domo “A RRMAN
nt.
Cuartorrerown, April 17, 1863.
GEORGE LEWIS, Market Clerk.
8 OEET I+ SM LTE,
. BELL-HANGER AND TIN-SMTTH.
#OS to tnform his fends, and the
that ho has Again commenced Busines on Dorches-
Aer Street, next ¢
here.ho is prepared to execute all orders in his. line
with neatncss and despatch,
ogee a ON MAND,
' SA) deat ‘assortment of Tinwaro,
«» Kitchen Utensils, &e. &e.
frethdltiy the patént Bow Pow Corre’ Pot, which te
ested! tha Go
‘f1867. Also, BON ‘TON
aed genernlly,
to the Reading Room buikling,
| opty ya the Market,
usq.or. on board Vessels. " y : ta-of Land so in arrear,and proclaimed as afore-
A fo Ay ree, Coatenson hand, pion together with oa, are hereby notifled that in case the sums charged
* V Holy Of other Stock will be sold cheap for | 5. tiem as aforesald, together with tho costs which
Geer’ sarina:) 1S te dal sit have heen Incarred, ‘shall not he pall before the next
1S. SHERMANSIs ecedee SAW BR'SORUOT AL: EAgter Térin of the Supreme Court, which will com-
aLuson tow; bifid superior le used in Pinence’ on Tudstlay, the fifth day of May next, applica-
hereby aeaxing of Alby, por cent is guaran: | ton sill Ye m to the Supreme Conrt daring the anid
iran which he sto t the patronage.of | terri for bis “94 against the’éaid Lota or tracts ©}
aun i : ‘Land respettively:
“Cnvewa, July 24, 1867. ec ass JAMES WARKURTON, Trendurer,
dal Prkd at’ the Patid Exposition
¢ SON. * DANTBRNS. okide will
and suitable for either
COTTON DUCE,
AVING been appoi A f
pobre omic ppointed Agent for the sale of the
Tae Beseels Mills Cotton Duck,
ubseri # prepared to receive orders for all the
different Numbers, in quantities to suit purchasers,
I, C. HALL.
Charlottetown, May 22, 1867,
FAT HERRING
rpPue subscriber has for sale, 100 Bbls. Bay of Island
FAT HERRING, (Cheap.)
Ch’town, March 4, 1868.
L. C. OWEN,
pat
PACKHT
PRETWEEN
SOURIS & CHARLOTTETOWN.
—_—O—
ding Fasr-sartine and Commoprous Schooner ‘A, R.
McDonap,” will run between Souris & Charlotte-
town, calling at the intermediate ports, as soon as the
navgaition permits.
DOMINICK DEAGLE, Master.
ly
FREEHOLD PROPERTY
FOR SALE!
HE Subscriber offers to sell, by Private Contract,
the following Property, namely :
A SHOP, on Queen Street, at present in the oceupa-
tion of Eaward Reilly, Esq.. and usod as a Book-store
and Printing Office.
A DWELLING HOUSE, on Pownal Street, occn-
pied by Mrs, Sallenger as a Boarding-honso.
A HOUSE, on King Street, in the rear of Mrs. Sal-
lenger’e, occupied by Mr. Dunn,
A DWELLING HOUSE,.on the rear of Euston
Street, oceupied by Mr. Fitzgeral, pensioner.
Also—the DWELLING on Queen Street, occupied
by the subscriber, HUGH MONAGHAN.
Ch'town, March 4, 1868, tf
LAND ASSESSMENT.
Treasurer's Office,
Charlottetown, P. E.T.,
25th January, 1868.
i" ursuance of an Act of the General Assembly
of. this Island, made and passed in the Twenty-
fourth year of the reign of Her Majesty, Queen Vic-
toria, intituled, ‘*An Act relating to the Land Assess-
ment at present imposed by Law on the Town and Roy-
alty of Princetown,” and also of an Act made and
assed in the Twenty-seventh year of the same reign,
ntituled, ‘An Act to consolidate and amend the sever-
al Laws imposing an Assessment on all Lands in this
Colony, and for the encouragement of Education,” |
do hereby give Public Notice that [ have made procla-
clamation according to the terms of tho said Acts, of all
the undermentioned Town Lots, Water Lots, Common
Lots, Pasture Lots, Islands, or parts of Is!unds, Town-
ships, or parts of ownships, in this Island, in arrear
for the non-payment of the several sums due and owing
thereon to Her Majesty, under and by virtue of the
above mentioned Acts, viz :-—
Janunry 29,1868.
Acres. Acres.
Township No. 3 1014 Township No. 36 294
nd 5 6424 “ $7 «481
nie 8 785 " 89 «3110
“s lt 1884 ves 40 21294
Cg 13 18638 - 41 20554
ve 15 954 ie 42 2684
268 16 3146 ” 48 92323
ed 17 ost “ 46 2552
" 18 166 we 60 1805
“i 19 88 ” Bl 5404
“ 20 9004 “ 62 10274
re ah Tee es 53 12784
“ 22 «MIT “ 64 1722
“ 23 «1091 “ 66 2594
” 24 258} - 53 468
hee 25 4154 a 69. 9429
“ 96° 1994 4 60 27784
“ 27. 890 ” 61 25654
we 29 1474 - 62 2220
+ 81 2784 As 66 18934
bas 32 623 “ 66 228
ae 83. 908]. George's Island, 566
ts 34. 264 ~Bunbury ‘“ 16
s 35 2294 Connelly,‘ 60
First Hundred of Lots in Charlottetown :—three-elghths
of No.6, one-quarter of Ja, DU Tnaseee of 16, one-
twelfth of 17, one-qharter of 2%, one-quarter of 23,
one-quarter of 24, one-quarter of 38, one-quarter of
42, seven-twentieths of 43, one-eighth of 44, one-
quarter of 48, one-half of 65, one-eighth of 74, one-
quarter'of 78, one-half of 83, one--yuavter of 90, 97,
Second
eight
quart
One-¢
one-t
[lundred of Lots imoCharlettetown:— five-
sof No. 6, one-half of'7;,one-quarter of 8, one-
¢ of 14, one quarter of 18, one-quarter of 19,
arter of . 20, one-quarter of 21, one-half of 26,
f of 27, 31,,one-half of 43, one-half of 44, one-
quart of 46, one-sixth of 51, thtee-eighths of 55,
one-s th of 59, one-sixth of 83.
Third higdred of Lots in Charlottétown :—five-twelfths
of 21, five-twelfths of 22,
Fourth hur/ired of Lots ‘In Charlottetown :—one-quar-
ter of €. Sne-half of 24, one-half of 29, ‘one-half of 42,
five-clehths of 43, one-quarter Of 58, scven-twelfths
of 69, 60, one-lralf of 61, one-quarter of 74, one-half
+of 82, 84, one-halfof 85. ‘ '
Fifth hundred of Lots in Charlottetown :--one-half 0,
11, one-quarter of 12, one-quarter of 18, one-half o
‘29, five-twelfths of 62, one-sixth of 73,
Lots in Charlottetown formetly Gceupied as the Barrack
* Square !~No. 1. stolbs
Water Lot, opposite to Town Lot No. 97, in the first
hundred of Lots in Charlottetown, {
Lots inthe Common of Charlottetown :~one-third « of
1h, seven-twelfths of 18. ‘
Pasture Lots i the Royalty of Charlottetown :—ore-
half of No, 23, £7; two-thirds of 28, 35, 39, 43, 44,, 64,
68, 72, » B91. 297, 318, 339, 340, 867, 368, 369, 470,
871, 998, two-thirds of 399, two-thirds of 400, 401
402, 431, 499, 531, 538. .
‘Town Lots in @ own :—No. 18, Ist range, letter A.
One-half of Noi 9, third ‘range, letter A. No: 7, 4th
range, letter A. No. 8, 4th range, letter D. No. 6;
grd range, letter F. Noi 2,3, 18.8 16, 4th range, let-
ter-F. Noy dl, 4th , letter Gy .
Pasture Lots in the: Royalty of Georgetown :—Nos.. 165,
225,, 809, 322.
Reserved Lands adjoining the Royalty of Georgetown:
235 acres.
town Lots in Princetown :—No. 5, ‘Ist row, Ist divi-
sion, letter A. No. 3, Ist row, 2nd division, letter A.
No, 3 & 8, 2nd row, 2nd division, letter B. No. 8, 2nd
row, Srd division, letter B. Noss, 2nd row, 4th divi-
sion, lettér B. No. 3; 384 row, 2nd division, letter C.
No: }, 4th row, 2nd division, letter D. No. 1, 2 & 3,
5th row, 2nd division, letter E. No.3 & 4, Sth row,
6th divisions letter BE. Now, 1, 21 8,4, 5 & 6.
Pasture Lota in the Royalty of Princetown Nos. 65,
75, 240, 459, and 460,
hed the owners of the aforesaid Lots, parts of Lots
DEBATES AND PROCEEDINGS
OF THK
LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL.
(Continued.)
Ilon. Mr. Gorvon: I ecanot see that
there is any provision in the bill to pre-
vent the plundering of wilderness lands.
I observe that a question of a similar
vature has been agitated in the Dominion
of Canada, and I will read an extract
from one of their public journals :—
“Thus far, we have discussed this ques-
tion from a Revenue point of view only.
We will now turn for a moment to the
question of the value of our forests. Under
a free grant system two evils would arise to
the forests. First, speculators would go on
the lands ostensibly to settle; but, in reality,
to cot down and sell all the timber grow-
ing on them, and having accomplished that,
they would go away. And, secondly, igner-
ant, careless or mischievous persons would
goon the timber lands for the purpose of
settlement, and would destroy valuable
timber, not only on their own lots, but on
neighboring landa, and therehy great loss
of valuable public property would take
place,”
Now, our public lands have been pur-
chased at a high rate, and I think it is
just as necessary for us to preserve them
from being plundered, as it is for the
people of Canada to preserve theirs.
flon, Mr. Hayrrnorne: I fail to see
how the timber can be valuable, as long
as it is standing in the wilderness. It is
only when itis cut down and converted
into something else, that it is valuable,
not while it is standing in the forest. A
mau will not be allowed to go indiserim-
inately and select the best timber land,
but such tracts as will be open for settle-
ment under this act,
Hon. Mr. Lorp: Thia is a Govern-
ment measnre, and of course, I am pre-
pared to support it, but at the same time,
L do not hesitate to say that I do not ex-
actly agree with all its provisions, I think
it is just and right that the timber
should be preserved. I know something
about what has been done in cutting and
plundering timber on public lands, as
well as destroying: the trees by taking
off the bark. Thousands of pounds worth
of public property has been destroyed in
that way, and I believe there ate many
persons who will take 50 or 100 acres
of land whder this bill, without any‘ic-
tention of settling upon it. They may
take the land in the fall, take £30 or £10
worth of timber off it during the winter,
and then leave it. Itis the duty of the
Legislature to prevent anything of that
kind. I agree with his houor who spoke
last, that a poor man taking a farm,
should have the benefit of the timber upon
it; but the difficulty is to discriminate
between the man who intends to settle
upon the land, and the man who does
vot. The Canadian act is rather a strange
one, but I believe a man is only allowed
a free occupation for four yéars, and he
is not allowed to cut more timber than
he wants for his buildings. If the settler
is a poor man, he is protected in this
way: acreditor is not allowed to seize
his land fortwenty years. Neither is he
alluwed to take all his stock. I think he
has to leave $500 worth. Perbaps that
would be going too far here, but I think
it ia the duty of the Government to see
that men are not allowed ‘to destroy the
property. I did expect to, see a clause
in the bill for that purpose. I do not
approve of the wholesale destruction of
Government property. I believe there
isa. great deal of timber taken off the
Goverument lJantls in the western part
of the Island, as well ag at the eastward.
In fact, Government property is consider-
ed by some parties to be free, and it will
be plundered, in-spite of all the precan-
tions we ¢an take; but this billis giving
the poor mat agreat privilege; it is
prt to making him a present of 100.
acres of land. It is said that wood land
is: very valuable in some parts of the
Island, and so it is. Near Charlotte-
town it is worth from £8 to £12 an acre,
but it is pot worthso much in the vicinity
of Murray Jlarbor, and very valuable
tracts will not be interfered with by this
bill: I do not intend to oppose the
measure, but I do not like to giva aman
the privilege of taking away ‘property
which does not belong to hint,
}fon, Mr. Havruorns: 1 think his
honor’s fears are, to a great extent, chi-
merical. Suppose 5,000 acres are laid
off in‘ lots of 50,'or 100 aeres, that will
not entitle a man to go and select a good
piece .of timber laud. whereever he
pleases; but if a mau chooses to settle
upon a piece of land, he Was a ‘right to
take what he can get oft it. Ttis within
my own knowledge, that parties from the
neighborhood where [ reside, went and
selected a piece of land on the St. Peter's
| ber.
possess large quantities of valuable tim-
ber. Where there are valuable tracts,
they can be reserved and offerad under
the provisions of the “ Land Purchase
Act;” therefore, I do not think this bill
will have the effect of giving rise to
wholesale plundering. Ifit is found to
give rise to pluedering, it will be as
easy for the Government to take soe
measnres to prevent it, as it is now to
prevent it under the “‘ Land Purchase
Act.” Tonce possessed some wilderness
jland, when shipbuilding was more com-
mon than it is now, and for a series of
years I employed a wood-ranger, but’ TI.
believe I might as well have’ kept any-
thing else as a man for any benefit he
was in preserviag the timber. TI after-
wards adopted another plan, which was
to charge stumpage, and that is a course
which the Government can have recourse
to. For these reasons, I do not think
the bill is open to such serious objections
as your houors suppose,
Hon, the Prestpent: Tis honor who
has just spoken, admits that the Gov-
ment holds some valuable tracts of wil-
derness land, and if a man is allowed
eight years free occupation, he may cut
and export what timber he pleases ; then
he may leave the Jand when it will be
almost valueless. It will not cost much
to build a house twenty feet square, and
perhaps cutting off the timber will be
considered improving the land. For the
benfit of the country, I think some pro-
vision should be made in the bill to guard
against fraud of this kind as much as
possible. In Canada they derive a large
revenue from public lands, but it is not so
here. Our public lands have been pur-
chased at the expense of the Colony, and
the timber upon them should be preser-
vedas much as possible. I do not in-
tend to oppose the bill, but I think it
should be better guarded than it is.
Hon, Mr. Batperston : The principal
reason why new settlers often get on
so slowly, is, that they have not the
means of raising avythiog on their farms
tor their support; and if we give them the
privilege of cutting and selling timber,
they may earn something in that way in
the winter, which will enable them to de-
vote the summer to the improvement of
their land. It has been said that they
might take off the timber and leave the
land comparatively valueless; but if a
poor man takes a hundred acres of good
tardwood land, it wiil take him more
than eight years to take all the timber off.
Then if he were required to improve two
acres a year, that would bo a sufficient
guarantee that the Government would be
able to sell it for more than when the
wood was upon it.
Hon. Mr. Dixawett: I apprehend
that the object of the bill is to encourage
the settlement of the land, and it is not
to be supposed that men would be in-
duced to settle upon it, if you impose un-
reasonable restrictions upon them, and,
therefore, the object of the bill will be
defeated. Iam willing that the settler
should be required to cultivate one acren
year, instead of improve it, as the bill
states. Perhaps cutting down the wood
would be considered improving the land,
but he should put some crop in #t. Then,
if a poor man has to pay the land tax,
to build a house and fo cultivate one acre
a year, I think that is quite enough, with-
out restricting him in the use of the tim-
It will only bo inferior tracts of
land that will be offered under the | pro-
visions of this bill, and what is the use of
the Government having large tracts with-
out avy person settling upon them.
Hon. Mr. Lorp: I do not think there
is any necessity to bind a poor man to
clear the land, for if he intends to remain
upon it, he will have to clear it for his
own benefit, and, therefore, I think it is
qnite enough to say, he must improve
one acre, What I object to, is, that par-
ties wisl be allowed to take tho timber off
the land without giving value for it, and
then leave it.
ion. Mr. Been: The best guarantee
that the settler would leave value fer the
timber taken off, would be to require
him to cultivate two acres ayear, Then
hé would find he: had something else to
do than euttingawaythetimber. If that
were done, at the end of eight years there
would be sixteen acres clear, so that if
it should be thrown on the hands of
the Government, they ,would be able to
sell it without any difficulty. Tho settler
must have the privilege ot cutting the
timber, or he cannot live on tho land.
Lam wilting to do anything reasonable
to eucourage the settlement of the wil-
derness lands, and to induce ovr young
men to remaia ov the Island.
Ilion. Mr. Watker: I do not agree
road where there was good timber. They
cut. and exported a large quantity, of fire-
wood, making n very eligibla trado of
ity and L wm sore it was a very’ honest
ote. Indeed, I do not know any better
purpose to which the timber conld be
applied. Firewood oan be shipped to
New/oundland, and returns made in va-
luable commodities. If this bill would
enable parties to go indiscriminately to
cut timber where they please, I would be
as much opposed to. it as any of your
havors; but the matter is left very much
under the control of the Executive Coun-
cil, and we are vot bound to entertain
every application for land. We ean limit
the applications to such parts as do not
with his hobor who bas just spoken.
The fact is, that any man taking a wil-
derness farm has a hard task before him.
The labor of clearing laud in this coun-
try is almost incaleulabie, and there are
many disadvantages. Where is man
to raise hay? Some years must elapse
before ho can raise any quantity, and
without bay he eannot keep horses. It
is a mere fallacy to suppose that land is
so easily cleared in Prineo Kdwasd Is-
land. Most yoang meu would rather go
fishing, orthey will go to Cape Breton,
where they can get land very cheap,
and it is much easier cleared.
Hon. the Parsroant: Perhaps one
acre a year is as much as we should in-
sist upon being improved. There is a good
deal of labor 1 putting crop in one acre
among the stumps, where the land has to
be burned and hoed. Any man settling
upon the land will clearas much as he
can, and perhaps one acre a year is as
much as we should insist upon,
Hon. Mr. Parmer: I am not changed
in my opinion, for I think it is our duty,
irrespective of whether it is a liberal or
illiberal measure, to guard against a
fraud upon the public, and as the bill is
now, they are liable to have fraud prac-
tised upon them, The bill will apply, not
only to lauds now held by the Govern-
thent, but to others which may yet be
purchased, ond more may be purchased
before the year is out. I couceive that
there is nothing to prevent parties from
plundering those lands, Suppose five
persons should club together and select a
good tract of timber land; then they
straggle,one at a time,to the office of the
Commissioner, and get 500 acres all in
one block. They have to put up a little
house equal to 20 feet square on each
hundred acres, which can be built for
£25, or £125 for the five. Then they
have to cut down an acre on each hun-
dred, which can be done at £3, making
£15 for the five acres. Thus, they will
get possession of 509 acres at a cost of
£140, and then they may turn round and
laugh at the Government, who cannot
have any reconrse upon them, while they
sweep the timber off the whole block,
which may be worth £1000. Twenty
miles is considered now-a-days no great
distance to draw valuable timber. ‘They
may employ as many teams as they
please, and how is the Government to}
prevent ii? Itis no use saying we can
adopt the same course as under the Land
Purchase Bill—that we can employ wood-
rangers—for it is not the uulet wilderness
land that we are considering, but what
will be taken possession of under the pro-
visions of this bill. A precautionary
mensure is demanded, and we would be
negligent of our duty if wo did not en-
deavor to prevent such results as I have
anticipated, We see that in Canada
they find it necessary to use precautions
against the destruction of timber on
public lauds, and I do not see why we
cannot and should not do the same.
Hon. Mr. [arrnorne: I cannot but
admire the great zeal of his honor from
the city, who has just spoken, teast the
colony should suffer loss by the cutting of
timber on wilderness lands, but the case
which he has supposed is only imaginary,
and is not at all likely to occur. He says
that more land may be purchased by the
Government, but even if that should be
the case, itswill not be immediately
offered for settlement under the terms of
this bill. Ifit is found to possess great
intrinsic value, that great value will urge
people to offer higher prices for it, The
lands offered under the provisions of this
bill will be limited, and we can reject
applications which we do not consider
eligible. He says five men might club
together and select a good tract of land
—that they might apply to the Commis-
sioner of public lands, comply with the
terms and get possession of it—then strip
it of £1000 worth of timber, but if such
valuable land exisied, it would be dis-
posed of under different terms.” If his
honor thinks there is such danger of
having the land plundered, I would like
to hear him suggest some amendment to
the bill. Jor my part I have: very. little
fear of anything of that kind; aodif a
man settles on this wilderness land, he
has a right to the privilege of selling the
timber off it. It should be his own pro- |
perty and for his own benefit.
Hon. Mr. Lorp: I think his honor
who spoke last is under a mistake. Te
says tho wilderness land will not be offer-
ed under this bill indiscriminately ; but I
understand that the whole of the land in
the possession of the Government will be
offered.
Hon. Mr. Warrnorne ; No, only such
parts as the Government thiok fit to
offer.
Tlon. Mr. Lorp : Well, even so, how
are you to discriminate? When a mao
applies for a piece of land, are you to
say, “We will not give to you,” It
will be left in the bands of the Land
Commissioner ; it will be his duty to lay
off the land in tracts of 50 or 100 acres.
If you interfere with him, he will, per-
haps, snub you, and quite right he would
be in doing. so, I believe the bill is a
suggestion of that gentleman,’ IT do not
take any credit for it as a member of the
Government. I hope the young men of
the country will be induced to take up
and oveupy those lands, but L doubt wery
much if they will do so. I know some-
thing about clearing land, and it is dear-
ly bought when a man clears it. Tlow-
ever, L am prepared to aupport the bill as
it stands, but there should be some way
to prevent the laud from being plan-
dered.
Hon, the Prestpent: Tis houor from
the second district of Queen's County,
(Mr, Haythoroe), wishes to insinnate
that those who spoke against some of the
provisions of this bill, would restrict a
man in taking timber off his own farm,
but it should be remembered thatthe
farm will uot belong to the settler till the
end of seven years, and not even then,
: settlement.
if he does not comply with the conditions
ting possession of the land, he would feel
a greater interest in it, but all he willbe
required to do will be to clear one acre
a year, and build a small house.
Hon. Mr. Watxer : If a man isto be
restricted in taking timber off his farm,
the probability is, that the land will not
be taken at all; therefore, I would rather
leave the bill as it i8.
Hon. Mr. Barperston: I think &
young man going into the woods to settle,
can very easily clear two acres a year, and
if he is n-t prepared to do that, it would
be better for him to go fishing, or some-
thing else. I think there is véry little
danger of five persons ta’ £1,000
worth of timber off a piece of land, as
his honor from the City said, but if a
man gets possession of a tract of land it
will be very little gse to restrict’ him in
the use of thetimber, for he wil take it.
Ifhe has honesty enough to keep off dd-
joining lands, thatis as much as need be
expected.
Ton. Mr. DixGweru: 1. think there
are plenty of restrictions upon. a young
man taking a wilderness farm, and I
would be sorry to ses any more imposed,
uponhim. You must give -a,.man an
opportunity to live, and he cagnot live
on a farm without clearing and: cultiva-
ting it, neither can he clear it without
cutting the timber. I am, therefore, pre-
pared to support the bill as it ig,
Hon. Mr. MacDowarn : Soriié of your
honors have been speaking on, the as-
sumption that a man will-take 100 acres
of land for the purpose of plindering it;
but I do not think‘ there will He much
chauce for.a man to get a large tract
of land with valuable timber upon it, un-
der the provisions of this bill, “ahd even
if it were the case, the very fact of the
timber being cut down would make it of
more value to a man who would take it
for the purpose of settling upon and culti-
vating it. I believe it costs alont 20s.
an acre to cut down the trees, avid there-
fore, the Government would have no dif-
ficulty in selling land on whiehthe timber
had been cut down. The fact of the
land being laid off in tracts of "50 and
100 acres goes to show, that if one indi-
vidual should take a farm for the purpose
of plundering it, aod his neighbor takes
another for the purpose of settling
upon it, the one would be ready. to take
up the land which the other had plunder-
ed and left; or if he would ‘not, there
would be plenty others who would be
willing to take a farm in the midst of a
We know that Government
lands are sold in the neighboring pro-
vinces, as well as in the United States,
ata much lower rate. Ja Nova Scotia
they are let ata merely nominal price,
and if they were let here on more favore
able terms, I believe there are many per-
sons in poor circumstances who would
settle upon them. Those iovlined to
plunder the timber have a. much better
opportunity of doing so mow where
there are large tracts unsettled, than they
will have when they are laid off in farms
and somo ot them settled upon. It
would be the interest of those settlers to
see that those lands were not. taken for
the purpose of plundering ‘them.’ I am
not inclined to make it compulsory upon
the settler to clear two acres a, year, for
(think one is quite enongh. It. will be
~ sserg with him to clear as many as he
ikes.
Hon. Mr Beer submitted an amendment,
seconded by the Hon, Mr. Balderston, to
make it compulsory upon the. settler to
clear two acres 9 year instead of one, as
proposed by the bill, which was disagreed
to by the Committee.
The Mouse was then résuméd and pro-
gress reported. aida
SMALL DEBT COURT—PETITION.
Hon. Mr. Muirhead presedted a peti-
tion of certain inhabitants ‘of Egmont
Bay and vicivity, praying for the estab-
lishment of a Smail Debt: Court ‘in that
locality, which was received add read.
Hon. Mri MacDonatn said be thought
it was a great blessing to the people in
that section of Prince County to be so
believed the, nearer people ,were to
a court, the more litigation there would
be, and if'a court were held every day,
corresponding ratio, 4
Hon, Mr. Dixawert said he was glad
to hear such views expressed by his honor
from Georgetown, anit hé hoped he
would bring in a bill for ho'§ing the
Smell Debt Courts quarterly, iastead of
monthly. '
Hon. Mr. Lorn could ..not.coincide
with is honor from Georgetown, though
ihe had no doubt bat his vie@s were
borne out by his experiente in the
town where he resided. TH thought the
petitioners were entitled to hay¢ a court
where they desired it, .Unfortunately,
many of the people in that locality were
in poor cireamstances, aod had ‘a prac-
tice of running small accdunts in stores,
to settle which, they were often taken to
Summerside, or somewhere else, and if
they had a court nearer home it would
cost them less money. '
had bot mach faith in the wv
» vf peti-~
tious respecting Small. Debt . ‘ourts,
on which he obtained his occupation. If
the settler paid a certain amount on got-
for he remembered that, a few, ye. +r: ago,
(Continued on fourth paige’
the business would bo ihtrensed in a
distant from a Small Debt Court. He 4
Hoo. Mr. Pataren romethol hat he