Examiner -- 1862-02-03 -- Page 02

CORRESPONDENCE,
EPGCATION AND THE CHURCH
No. 4
To tre Forror or tie PROTESTANT.
Sin.—In my last I showed that there ix nothing

in the teaching of the Church inimical to the cul
tivation of the mind. In the presentand subsequent

-etters T purpose to give some facts Pelative to what lhe deMeate hand of woman ia readily traced.”

the mach dhused Popes, and the Roman Cathohe |
Chureh generally, have done for edacation.

No man, who is acquainted with the history of
letters, can deny that the Church has been at all
times the zealous friend of education, and has pos-
seened, in all ages, men illustrious for their acientitic
uti literary acquirements ; and that the men who,
during the middle ages, preserved the Bible and the

\sayaa monk of Wessobrum in Bavaria, “many vo
jomes doth for divine service and for the public li-
brart ofthe monastery,” It may bere be remarked
that the art of writing with golden and i

* dark" ages. : j
Lbraries bas not admired the beautiful pentnanship, | I know of nothing which sbould lead me to suppose | would never do anything towards feathering my

admirable

ithe writings of the Fathers at his command.
Hilary enriched the 2 ateran palace with two libra- | strong proof of their familiarity with them—but 1) only mention some of the words it contained

mae A ST —_——— ee a

sane —_— ~—— — oa

the arts and engines of hostility, the blind hatred of | word than

half barbarian kings, the fanatical fury of their sub. | * somewhere” does not relate to Lme at all, and is
| jects, or the reckleas antipathy of the popes. I do| not ouly improper bat superiluous
Iver ink,| mot recollect any instance in which ii is recorded | following seutence from “Clanticleer's” letter,
now disused if not wholls lost, Re common im the | that the Seriptures, or any part of them, weretreated | viz., ‘and the finale is an indiguant aseertion that! 4 gross breach of neutrality, and now tel
* Who that has visited the ancient} with indignity, or with less than profound respect.!the man who can write in sdeh an elegant style; world in h

the tasty marginal decorations, and the eplendid | that any human craft or power was exercised to | nest,” you W ill perceive that be |
pictorial Mustrations of many of the old illutuinated prevent the reading, the eopiplonianene Gitteaon “« Poeorver : .
imanveeripts? In many of there exquisite ¢rnaments | of the Word ot God,” (Thid. p, 220 and 221.) Phe | not likely feather his nest, bat that Mr.
fact, however, to which I have so repeatedly alluded would not likely do go.

“ The diligence with which the Popes gatbered | iw simply thia—the writings of the dark ages are, if

letter of Leo thet@reat to Leo Angustus, we per

St

{books for the promotion of sacred gtadies, ia truly | 1] may use the expression, made up of the Scriptures. | proper to analyze our lettegs.. Let us see how he
From the number of quotations inthe ff do not merely mean that the writers constantly | has succeeded. He quotes some ferms Which) 80 Comp telys
quoted the Scriptures, and appealed to them as at-} appeared iiwour letters, and thinks that by

++ -

By reading the}

» misunderstood

” «Obaerver’ did not say that | would |
song worth |
}

Again, “ Chanticleer,” alias A—— E——, thought

ceive that there must have beena large collection of | thorities on all occasions, as other writers have done | heanalyzes them! If“ Chantic leer’ were requested | tiou 01
since their day — though they did this, and it i8 &| to analyze a lesson how wonld he do it? Wouldhe

bee

jries. Stephen V. towards the close of the ninth | mean that they thought and spoke and wrote the | secins to me that he does not kuow the meaning of | th, 5 nape

works ef Greek and Roman literature from utter jeentury, gave hooks to the library of St. Paul's | thoughts and words aud phrases of the Bible, and! common English words

annihilation, were Catholic clergymen.

| From a letter of Lupus, abbot of Ferrierea, to Be } that they did this constantly and habitaally as the |

It is almost intpoasible for ws, Mt the present day, pedict II1,, it is seen that Rome was considered a } natural mode of expressing themselves. They did

to form an adequate idea of all the difficulties with |
which our forefathers had to contend in matters ap- '

pertaining to education. We should remember that | com nentary of St. Jerome on the Prophet Jeremiah, | letters, legal instraments and docaments of every
on the breaking ap of the Roman Empire, all the | which was wanting in the libraries of France ; us| description.”

aiarces of learning were almost wholly destroyed.

The barbarians of the North, one after another, | books of the institutes of Guintilian, and the com-| of the Protestant Bishop, Tanner, who in
broke in upon the doomed empire, destroying every | mentary of Donatus on the comedies of Terentius. | count of all the Abbeys, Priories and Friaries, for- |

good place to obtain rare and valuable books. The | it, too, not exclusively in theological or ecclesiasti | Canoe Cove, Jaunary 20, 1802.

abbot asks the Pope to send him a portion of the | ¢

alae the books of Cicero de Oratore, the twelve |

al matters, but in histories, biographies, familiar |
(Ibid. p. 470.) |
I shall now invite your attention to the evidence |
An ac: |

“a

thing befort them with fire and sword. Franks and | From this request it appears that the mouke of the | merly existing in England and Wales,” tells usthat |
Goths, Vandals and Alans, Huns and Lombards, ininth century could relish the beauties of the classi-|‘‘in every great Abbey there was a large room)

mont beautiful provinces of Europe, “ masaacring

the inhabitants, aud «weeping away in their resist- | was afterwards Pope, at the close of the following | use of the library.

to afford facilities for studying them.

leas course almost all the landmarks of civilization, ‘age,in a letter toa friend, assures him that the desire | the Leger books of the house, and the Missals, and
und involving in a common ruin the mest splendid of books was great in every city of Italy, and that a! other books used in divine service; but they were

; i i — his | sr of persous were e red i erib- | generally upon other works:
monuments of ancient genius and wisdom.” Th | large number of persous wer employed in trans a gene rally upo he ‘
Victor IIL., when abbot of Monte Cassino, oc- | Histories, &c.

js an important fact which we should pompeaber |
when examining what the Popes and the “lazy |
monks” bave done for learning.
which We must not forget is, that the art of printing |

was not invented till the fifteenth century, and con. The Vatican library, which is the most famous in | ries.” “ Constat enim libroset literas monasteriorum Ex’
| the world for old manuscripts, is the result of the;
plying books whieh that invention has afforded |
were unkndwn before that time. The method of |

sequently that the innumerable facilities for multi-

ing.
eupied his monks in this useful labor, and sought |

(Kenrick.)

efforts of successive Popes, from the time of St. Hi-
lary, who founded it in the sixth century.

'

The great Protestant Philosopher, Lerryrrz,

Another fact after rare books to add them to his collection,” | says :—‘* For it is manifest that both books and let- |
| ters have been preserved by the aid of the monaste
|

»pe foisse conservatos.”’ (Tom, v. Opp. Ep. M4.)
Phe same author, speaking of the monastry of Cor-

* At beia, saya: “ Which, through its monks, excelling

producing copies of books, which existed previous to | present the Vatican library contains 3,685 Gryek,| not less in learning than in piety, spread the light

the date mentioned, was to transcribe them with the 18,108 Latin, 726 Hebrew, 787 Arabic, 65 Persian, | of the faith throughout the entire North.”” (Ibid.) Seth
pen; and to form an idea of the immense labor con- | 64 Turkish, 459 Syriac, 71 Ethiopian, 18 Sclavonic,| To this splendid testimony in favour of the monks, |

od ’ P as | . oude * }
nected with thie manner of naltiplving books, we |22 Indian, 10 Chinese, 80 Coptic, 13 Armenian, and) I may add the testimony of another distinguished |

have only to consider that an expert copyirt would | 2 Georgian manoseripts, amounting in all to 24,11, } Protestant, ELLENporr, who testifies that “ without |
! the clergy, and chiefly withoutthe monks, we would |

have to be very basily engaged for at least ten
months to transcribe one single copy of the Bible!

Rooks were then, as a matter of course, searee and | total of 149,494 volamew” (Rome, An. and Mod. by | classics.”

exeeedingiy dear. Remembering these facts, we

will now proceed to consider how libraries were | Tothe evidence of the original documents,'to which | Middle Ages, has the following :—‘ The great as- |

formed in the face of these great difficulties.

For the preservation of the treasures of science
and literature, we are much indebted to the “ lazy
monke of the dark ages,’ whom certain gentlemen
often misrepresent and calamniate in no measured
terms. “ When all was trouble and turmoil and
confusion in society; when the arta of peace and
the refinements of literature were treated with dis-
dain by the barbarians, the much abused monasteries
beeame the places where the sacred flame of learn:
iug was kept alive and flourished. It wns in these
retreate of prayer that men, free from the bustle and
turmoil of the world, betook themselves tothe study
of the remains of ancient genius, and labored inde-
fatigadly to raise men from that state of ignorance
which waa the inevitable consequence of the pro-
longed and destructive strife that followed the dis
memberment of the Roman Empire.” To prove
this I shall adduce abundant and irrefragable testi-

To monastery had a seriptorium, or hall, set
apart for topying books, and all the monastic orders
had copyiste among their i The ka of
ft. Martin of Tours had no other manual Inbor than
that of copying. (Ree Ralpit Kev. vita &. Mar.) 8.
Ferreol laid down this § monks —“* Pagi-
nam pingat digito, qui terram non proseindit aratro:"”

A.

ee finest collection in the world; which, with 25,-

| 383 duplicates, and 100,000 printed volumes, make aj not have now the werks of the fathers, nor of the

iv, Rev. J. Donovan, vol. 2. p. 491.)

(De Hierarehia, tom. 1. e. 4.)
The North American Review, t840, Art. Hallam’s

the Fathers, Classics, |

i

(Pref. p. 19 and 2eq.) |

|

Law, yours, &e
JAMES McNEILL

}
aap ene |

To tHe Eprror ov THE EXAMINER.

My pear Str—Some thoughtless people in this
comununity, have been assiduous in their exertions
to fix upon me the xuthorship of a communication
Which appeared in the * Examiner’ of the 27th
instant, above the signature “ Dreamer.” This
calumny you will yourself, Mr. Whelan, I be-/
lieve, do me the justice to refute publiciy; and

nity imputed, adding my declaration that, I had,

nication, excepting only as I saw and read it in
the ‘ Examiner.’
Your obd’t servant, |

A. MITCHELL.
Ch. Town, Saturday Ist Feb., le02.

{ We have no hesitation in saying that Mr. Mi
chell did not write the article referred to.—Ev. |

K-
wa)

Che Examiner.

Charlottetown, February 3, 1862.

a

News by the British, Colonial:

2nd Foreign Mails.

|
ENGLISH NEWS. }
Tue Courier arrived here on Wednesday even-

I have referred, I will add the strong and favorable | cendancy of the papal power, and the inthuence of | ing last with the usual American and Colouial

testimony of the most respectable Protestant autho-
rities—testimony which will be rather disugreeable
to those gentlemen who labor to advance Chris-|
tianity and Literatare by representing the Catholie
Church as holding that “ Ignorauce is the mother of
devotion,” and testimony which will induce those
whose credulity has been too long imposed on to en-
tertain no very high esteem for the individuals who
have been exhausting the category of their strongest
and vilest epithets in abusing the Popes and the
monks of the ‘dark ages,’ and who have labored
incessantly to instil into their minds the most unjust |
and unchristian prejudices against their Catholic |
reighbours.

Mrs. Ja , & Protestant authoress of our day,
says :—“ Before the invention of printing every Be-
nedietine Abbey had its own library, and its ‘ serip-
torium,’ or writiug chamber, where silent monks
were employed from day to day, from month to
month, in making transcripts of valuable works,
PARTICULARLY OF THE Sckiptcres, (read this, O
ye defamers of the “ monks,” ye who in the face of
history, accuse the Chureh of having ever been op-
posed to the diffusion of God’s holy word.) * Not
only do we owe them the multiplication and diffusion |
of copies of the Holy Scriptures, but we are indebted

Italian genius on the literature and the fine arts of

all countries, made Italy essentially the centre of

light —the sovereign of thought—the capital of

civilization" !

Drake assares as, on the authority of Warton,
“that the monks of Monte Cassino (in Italy) were
distinguished, not only for their knowleege of sci-
ence, but for their attention to polite ‘earning, and
their acquaintance with the classics. Their learned
abbot, Desiderius, collected the best Greek and Ro-
man authors. The fraternity not only composed
learned treatises on music, logic, astronomy, and the
Vitruvian architecture, but likewise employed a
portion of their time in transeribing Tacitus, &c. &c.
This laudable example was, in the eleventh and
twelfth centuries, followed with great apirit and
emulation,by many English monasteries.” (Lite-
rary Hours, vol. 11. p. 435.

The Quarterly Review for December, 1811, has the
following beautiful passage :—'* The world has never
been so much indebted to any other body of men as to
the illustrious order of Benedictme monks. Tinian
and Juan Fernandez are not more beautiful spots on
the ocean, than Malmesbury, Lindisfarne, and Jar-
row were in the ages of our Heptarchy.
munity of pious men devoted to literature, and to

A com-

“let him paint the page with his hand who does |‘ them for the preservation of many classical re- | the useful arts, as well as to religion, seers in those
not cultivate the earth with the plough.” The | mains of inestimable value, forinstance, of the whole | days like a green Oasix amid the desert. Like stars
monks were not alwaya selected for this | OF the greater portion of the works of Pliny, Sal- | on a moonless night, they shine upon us with a

sometimes thone of greater age ani celebrity, j lust and Cicero. They were the fathers of Gothic | tranquil ray. If ever there was a man who could |
each as Alcuin and Deustan, were chosen. Yee, | *tchitecture, they were the earliest illuminators | truly be called venerable, it was he to whom the |
even St. Dunsteo WAS oeenpied at thia ‘“ monkish"’ ‘and lisnners ; and lo crown their deservings under | appellation is constantly fixed, Bede, whose life was |

nainess, and it ie not improbable that had he been

| thie head, the inventor of the gamut, and the first

passed in instructing bis own generation, and pre-

distarbed from bis work by the intrusion of the devil | who instituted a school of music, was a Benedictine | paring records for posterity. In those days the

endeavouring to conceal his cloven feet under | mouk, Guido @’Arezzo.”” She says further that the Church offered the only asylum from the evils to!

| 7
the garb of an Onlooker,” he would have wrung Benedictines were “the first agriculturists who | which every country was exposed,—amidst continual
the “ olfactory orgnn’’ of his sable majesty in such | brought intellectual resources, calculation and | wars, the Church enjoyed pésce,—it was regarded
& mannbP’ns to eanse him to “back out” in a trice, science to bear on the cultivation of the soil ; to as a sacred realm by men, who, though they hated

and bray as loud at least as a stupid “ assy” does |

when receiving a disagreeable currying.

whom we owe experimental farming and gardening,

/ one another, believed in and feared the same God. | England. ‘Tho stesmers Spartan, St. Andrew and
; 4 . } ™ . “ane ae + ~~ oi , re ‘ m
| and the introduction of a variety of new vegetables, | * * The wise as well as the timid and gentle fled to! Aj2X are loading with heavy stores from Woo!

The monks were not mere blind copyists; they | fruits, &e. M. Guizot (one of the most illustrious | the ‘Goshen’ of God, whieh enjoyed its own light
also collated the manuseriptsa which they were tran- ‘and learned Protestants iu France) styles the Bene. | and calm amidst darkness and storms.”

seribing. Even in the sixth century, a monk of the
monastery of Mesmin, near Orleans, arranged and

tos . ‘
| dictines “les defricheursde I’ Europe,” (the clearers

You will be pleased to remember that this mase

of Europe), wherever they carried the cross they | of unexceptionable testimony, in proof of what the

Mails, together with an English Mail, which!
reached Halifax per R. M.S. Europa on Saturday
(night, 25th inst. Latest dates by the latter are to |
the 1th inst. The qaws furvished by this arcival
is comprised in the following items.

‘The news respecting the release of Messrs. Ma- |
‘son and Slidell was received with great joy in |
| Bagland. Several of the leading English papers
jare pretty hard on Beother Jonathan,—sneering |
jat his ready submission after such vain hoasting. |
Otters of the leading papers take an opposite view,
'
|
|

and condemn any attempts at ontraging the feel-
ings of the American people by exciting the pud-
lie mind in England against them.

The ‘Times’ says the talk is that Government |
has already spent over £2,000,000 on the prepar- |
ations for hostilities with America.

The Earl ot Elgin is shortly to leave for India, |
baving been appointed Goveruor General of that,
vast depeudeucy.

H. M.S. ‘Ranger,’ in Noveinber last, captured |
asiaver, with 850 slaves on board, and took her |
| to St. Helena. The same and nation of vessel |
| unknown.
| Several large vessels have been taken up at Li-|
f , » |
| verpool to convey cotten to New York.
|

Dr. Durrant, of the Niger Expedition, haa just |
| arrived in England, He reports having seen the
| long-lost Dr. Baikie, the African traveller, at the
| cocflaence of the Niger late last November, in
good health.

A Naples correspondent, writing to Enyland
under date of the 12h ult., says the eruption of
Mount Vesuvins has destroyed the city of Torre
de! Greeo. The suffering produced is bnmense.—
| The American frigate ‘Tuscarora’ was at South
ampton on the J0th ind., watching the “Nashville.”
A boat from the frigaf® had becn discovered the
| Previous night in tit dock year the Nashville, aud
| ordered off. a i

Warlike preparagions continue nnabated in|

i wich Arsenal for Halifax and Jamaica. The Morn-
| ing Post says that the British possessions in North
| America will be permanently occupied by a strong |
juvilitary furee, iu which the Royal Artillery will
preponderate. j

collated the books of the monastic library. (See carried the plough. * * Sir James Stephen thus! Church has done for education, is not the “yelling| Disturbances have broken out amongst the biacks |
Peti) Rade}, Bibliotheq. p. 46.) Charlemagne ew- | mms up their highest claims upon the gratitude of | of illiterate agitators,” but the sober, candid, un- | on the West Coast of Africa,near Sierra Leone and |

ployed Aleuin in the ninth century to collate manu-
scripts of the Bible, and be devoted some of hisown
time to the comparing of various manuscripts of the
fonr Gospels. Lupus, abbot of Ferrieres, emploved
his leismre hours in tranacribing and collating the
manneeripts of bi« monastery. He mentions Sallust
and other elassieul works on whieh ho was thus la-
boring. In his Jetters be thanks Ansbald, abbot of
Pram, for a copy of Cicero's Epiaiies, and Adalpard
for a revised copy of Macrobius. (See Epiat. ad Re-
gimbert, 104,and Spal. Mis.) Throughout the whole
period of the middle ages, Ituly was the centre of
literature, a8 well as the grand repository of books.
The zeal of the Roman Pontiily for the diffusion of

the Christian world, cannot be sofliciently appre-
cinczed and admired. &t. Gregory the Great was re-
peatedly written to on this subject from Gaul, and
even from Alexandria, (8. Greg. Epiet. x1. 56.) 8t.
Martin [. received petitions for books from Belgium
and from Spain. (Bar. Annal. ad Ann. 649). Pope
Paal ¥. was asked by Pepin for Greek works, to be
placed in the library of St. Dennis: among them
were Aristotle, a treatise on Geometry, and many
others. Gerbert wrote no fewer than thirteen epix-
tles, some of them to Popes, asking for books. (Ep.
136, et aliw.) Among the works which he most de-
sired were ‘‘ Mamilius de Astronomia,” “ Victorinus
de Rhetorica” and thow of Lupitus of Barcelona.
(See Spal. Mie.)

“ Religion and literature were always cultivated
together; the library grew up with the school under
the shadow of the Church.” There were extensive
libraries connected with the cathedrals of Hamburg,
Bumberg, Cologne, Paderbora, &., in Germany,
and with many of the cathedrals in England. (Hee-
rea, opp.f. 65.) The library of Spanheim contained
two thousand volumes, in the fifteenth century ;
that of Novalaixe contained, in the tenth century,
more than six thousand books, (See Kugenii de Levis,
Aneedota Sacra, pref. xxvi11.) “

The great Cassiodorus who, in hia nivety-third
year, wrote in his cloister of Virarium a special
treatiaeou orthography bequeathed his library, which
he had collected with immense labor, to the Sojite
ies, knowing “that among them alone could the
faint rays of :ience be gathered together, increase,
and fora great light to enlighten the nations.”
St. Ben, <: Biscop, whe founded the famous abbey
of Weremonth in England, traversed Europe no
fewer than five times, in order to ev)lect books for
the library of his monastery. The Venerable Bede
tells ws that, by means of these peregrinations, ** he
brought into England an atwost innumerable quan-
tity of books of every kind.”

The abbot of the monastery of Beaugency said in
the twelfth century—" Libraries ure as essential to
Monasteries es armories are to armies in time of wur.”’
Towards the clone of the fifteenth century Trithe-
mins collected two thousand volumes of valuable
manuseripts, [n his leurned chronicles of the abbeys
of Kpanheimend Hirseheau, he sbows how much
we are indebted to the monks for the preservation
of ancient learning Leland, the librarian of Henry
VIIL., ventifies that there were one thousand seven

manuecripta iu the abbey of Peterborough,
sleo states that the library of the Franciscans in

long | affections, and holy lives—that they were justly re-| individual. Will he deny that privilege? Were he

| Succeeding times: ‘The greatness of the Benedic- | biassed evidence of Protestant divines, philosophers, |

tines did not, however, consist either in their agri- | historians, and reviewers of great learning. Lwould |
(cultural skill, their prodizies of architecture, or their! also remind you that the historical facts which 1)
| PRICELESS LiBRaRtes, but in their parentage of | have alleged cannot be blotted ont from the pages |
| Countlens men and women illustrious for uctive piety, of bistory by the vulgar abuse and scurrility of all
for wisdom in the government of mankind, for rre- | the anonymous and other writers who may fill your |
FOUND LEARNING, and for that contemplative spirit columns with their own low sneers and the fanatical
which diseovers, within the soul itself, things be- ‘exuvie of Robertson and “other such very mise-
yond the limits of the perceptible creation,’ (Essays
1. 371). The annalists of the Benedictine order
proudly reckon ap the worthies it has produced since
its foundation in 529, viz. 40 popes, 200 cardinals, 50
patriarchs, 1600 archbishops, 4600 bishops, and 3600
canonized saints, It isa more legitimate source of
pride that by their order were either aid or pre-
served the foundations of all the eminent schools of
learning of modern Kurope,” (Leg. of Mod. Ord. } ; . . :
tad Ba: London, 182, pp.3, 4and 5.) If you desire | “ution to & letter from * Chanticleer,” which ap-|
to perees this work I shall be hegps to give you peared in he meerne! of the 19th of January inst.
is fete ois. it will be sufficient to inform you pretty clearly whe}
The next testimony whieh I shall adduce ix that | ef a ieee ete Pie eae sithdiehittanas
of a distingnixbed Protestant Clergyman, the Rev. ay i hone onal na ; |
8. R.Maitland,D. D. F.R.S. & F. S. A., sometime | Spy tm NO a eR EO,
librarian to the late Archbishop of Canterbury and | . * is :
Keeper of the MSS. at Lambeth. This gentleman | ee ae sc gpebebeny Pe we P ecig paren Hl
studied in a special manner the bistory of the middle sy mA Ye me Spmgrd So write shows 9 subject
ages; and his testimony, coming ax it does from an | igs PR met omigs - me pais om ganeanh, at
enemy of the Catholic Church, is certainly of the | pe vaya pre nee Hg wn egplimgapane borce ‘|
greatest weight and importance. . | subject as - prt cers.
author says:— It is quite impossible to touch the | pradently interfered between “ Observer”

;

rable second-hand writers.”’
I have the honor to remain, *
Your very obedient and humble servant,
A. MACDONALD.
St. Dunstan's College, Jan. 28th, 1862.
To THe Eprror or THE EXAMINER.

Sir—Through your eolumne allow me to direct |

’

Bays |

have a subject of sutticient public interast to write |

He did not; but im- |}

'
and my- }

there was some sharp fighting between the British
and the natives; bu€ we wait for more reliable |
details,
CLOTHING OF THk Troops IN CaNspDA.— |
Every man is to be supplied with two pairs of |
woollea drawers, one sheepskin overcoat, one pair |
of sealskin mits, one pair of Cauadiaa boots, two
pairs of worsted ced ly one sealskin cap with
ear mufflers, one chamois leather waistcoast, one |
comforter, ove jersey, and two merino under vests,
Distkess IN LANcAsuHiRne.—Aeccounts frem |
Various manufacturing towns in Laueashire eon-
vey information as to the rapid spread of the dis-)
tress, which was for-seme time prevalent. The)
support by which many families sustain themselves |
from day to day during this inclement season is |
said to be of the mosf meagre description. Inj
Manchester itself things are no worse than they
Were rome weeks ago, although much cannot be |
said touching their improvement. At the present |
moment (according tothe chief constable’s return), |
there are of “he 46,700 operatives at Manclester, |
28,553 working full time; 11,869 working short
time; and 6,173 wholly unemployed.
Telegraphic despateh at Paris from Alexandria,
Sth inst., states that the Turks had maltreated |
several Christians at Tripoli. An indemnity de-|
manded by French Gonsal. The frigate Mago-|
dore had arrived at Tripoli.
The ‘©zas’ of Craepw states that the Russian
yovernment has presented Cardinal Antonelli wo |
ultimatum extremely embaraassing for the Court |
of Rome, to the effect that if the Pope will not
condeum the conduct ef the Polish clergy, Russia
will recognize the kingdom of Kaly.

“enabled” where he has it. The word) a blogkade of St. Pierre inthe port itself. Being
UO ciggsals the hour of the Swmnfer’s

ing three miles oif land for ten days

pence except on paper,

jugain set our merry

ithe building Wtself rendered comparatively

rereEn

This Protestant |
eubject of Moxasticism without rubbing off some | self in what he considers a personal squabble; and |

if he considers that our correspondence is unit for

A violent shock of ag earthquake was felt on the
10th imst., at Dresden.

rned off, he bribes soime person to let him know
departure,

vd he practically blockades the harbour by cruis
Hle comuniits

iu the presenee of Frenchmen, and in a port of a
Freveh colony. And having done so, be boasts ot
having aeted with great self-denial, and writes to
‘whether he is any
llaw” whieh bafiles him

his Government lo know ongel

toobservean mternahoua
most ussuredly will, take ae
oe ;
Phe parties who have eaten
be ready to swallow

Prarece must, and I, tak
is matter

k will, we dare RAY,
another. But apologies will not always disarm t
sentment for a wrong, and it is q
‘ror of the Freneti taay think that the
way of preventing similar outrages in iuimre
ol which really
We find im the American

official correspondence that the same hostility

oie int

ute possibile that
' +

Hee

weak a blockade has po exist-

which is manifested towards us is exhibited to-
wards France. The same threats, though in milder
language, are directed agaigst her. J rapee is not |
tied down by the connexious of kith, and kin, and
lanyuage, which influence us, though the Ameri- |
cans forget them. Free and impulsive in her ae-|

| tion, France may adept short and decisive measures

in requital for the wreng committed against her.
Should this ba se, and we believe that it js in-

| tended, immediately upon the complete settlement
. ; y oa ce f 4 ; , f Tt; ~ | of the Mason and Slidell affair, to lay a formal re-
Danese and Normans, swept like torrents over the }eal authors, aud that the Pontiff was thought likely called the ‘Seriptorinm, where several writers made iW il also, through your journal, give publicity ices tetcameiaabetlabeahenn Darian heiele di
Gerbert, who} it their whole business to transcribe books for (he | this my owu unequivocal disavewal of the pater-|
They sometimes, mdeed, wrote |
land have no knewledge whatever of that comun-

Federal Cabinet, the cotton of the South will
Wheels agoing, instead of
darkening the air along the sheres of Carolina.
FEDERALS WATCHING THE NASHVILLE.—
Southampton, Jan. 10.—Three are armed men aud
an officer trom the Federal corvette Tusearora |
were found last night
Nashville. They were discovered by Mr. Philip
iledge, the dock superintendent, close to the
Nashville’a bews. ‘They had dark lanterns, and
combustibles for the purpose of signalling the
Tnscarora should the Nashville attenpt to leave |
the docks. Mr. Hedge stated the docks were pri-|

in the dock watching the

| vate property, that they had no right there for such
| purpose, and insisted upon their leaving imme-
i diately, whieh they eventually did.
i ville is now getting up steam to leave the docks

x
a be il-

The

and to anchor near the Tuscarora. ‘he Contede-
rate warsteamer Sumter isexpected here ; she has
‘guns and 1440 men. At 10a. m. a boat left
the Tascarora and came on towards the dock as
if reeonnoiring. The boat returned to the Tas. |
carora as fast as possible.

Wark DPREPAKATIONS.—Notwithstanding the
conciliafory intelligence brought by the City of |
Washington from America, no relaxation has been
considered necessary in the warlike preparations
in progress at Woolwich Arsenal; on the contrary,
increased diligence is observable throughout the
departinents. The shipment ef steres, forming |
a heavy carge, has been commenced on board the
fine new screw steamers Spartan and Ajax for
Halifax and Jamaica. They consist of upwards
of 2,000 tons, principally shot and other heavy |
stores. Huge piles and pyrmids of cased Arm-
strong and loose cannon shot and shell, which
hare been stocked and stored during the last year, |
weae cleared out and hoisted on board in readi-
ness for the earliest possible departure.

+4 - |
COLONIAL.
eo i

Bernina or tne Governuent PHlovse at
Torontro.—On Saturday, the llth inst., a
large number of the officers of the 30th regi-
ment took up their quarters at the Govern-
ment House, Toronto, which had been fitted
up for their reception, but the same evening |
they were compelled to evacuate it in rather
a hasty manner, in consequence of the build-|
ing taking fire.

A few minutes before @leven |
o'clock at night a dense volume of smoke was
observed issuing from the cellar, on the)

| western side of the main entravce on King |

street. The chief-engineer, asked by some |

}men of the 30th regiment, attempted to ex-|

tinguish the flames with pailsfull of water |
and cutting away the burning embers, the!
ceiling of the cellar being on fire. This
they considered they had succeeded in doing,
when to their astonishment they found that
ti,e flames were breaking through the rvof of
the building directly over their heads, and in
a short time the fire spread rapidly over the

en ee me Dil iis ek ee } 44 | nations, and read a necessary lesson to an ill-m
whole structure Notwithstanding the most : - ae yy *C880R 1O AN U-MAR-| ,< .
strenuous exertions to ttay the flames, the) yo) SORPamon. Chere have been times in oar The U.S. war steamer De Soto arrived at Ship
st wus exer np >? He 3 es, tae t nioe : _ -p + : 4 H
walls 29° ‘ 4 . ow | History —tines whew Wey hadnot the strength we | Island, lst inst., having in tow the Prench steamer
entire roof and upper portion of the prine)- | could now put forth—when we should have tad no

pal. building was completely destroyed, and
The loss is estimated at between
$2,000 and $3,000. The following were
among the officers who were burned out—

useless.

‘Major Dillon, Capt. Clarkson, Capt. More-

son, Capt. Smith, Lient. Stewart, Lieut
Stevenson, Lieut. Williamson, and Lieut.
Morewood.

The Quehee Chronicle, in an article on the
late census of Canada. gives the fullowing :|
* Of the 2.506,755 inhabitants of Canada,
1,917,777 were born in the Proyinees. The
native Canadians of British and those of
French origin are nearly equal, being 1,087,-
170 and 880,607, respectively. |Next to
these, the two most uumerous classes of our
population, come the Irish, with 241,423 ;
the English and Welsh with 127,429; the
Scotch with 111,052; thé natives of the
States with 64,399, and the Germans and
other Teutons, with 23,855. Amang ‘these
are 11,413 colored persons, almost all resi.
dent in Canada. I[t is noticeable, however, |
that there are only 12,717 Indians left us, |
and that only 3,061 Frenchmen make Canada
their home, of whom more than three-fourths
are residents of Upper Canada.
** Coming to the question of religions, we |
perceive that 1,200,870 are Roman Catho- |
lics, and that the Church of England, with |
374.887 followers, stands next. Then come!
the Methotists, (the Wesleyang being the!
strongest branch) with 872,462; the Presby-
terians with 346,991, of whom the members |
of the Free Church slightly outnamber those
of the Kirk; and che Baptists with 69.310.
It is not @ little lamentable to find 18,850 |
professing no religion at all.
**Comyaring our condition in 1861 with
thag in which we were in 1852, we note that |

| the population of the country has increased
136 per cent, from 1,842,265 to its present

figure. The native Canadian population |
numbered then only 73 percent of the total ;

‘ton, when Major-General @. Napier, G.-B.,

| been placed on his trial a second time, at To-

| bushels potatoes.

| deliberation.and a tranquility under insult which | her actions seemed to prove that she wi

pretection; and to thas wound inflicted on her most | ) j 5 been
i - have, sin present
sensitive pride, they had added an insult to her ma- . 9 - ih ersehat
‘ritime flag and a menace to hersccarity in ¢raversing | 5¢®* from Hilton Head, ave
the seas. On all hands it is now admitted that the! ward beyond Tyh lt was u at

ee a

a

ee ae a

= —~ — ——

the head quarter

a aaa

at the city of Hamil- | ours were to consent to lead a maimed and impaj
) Pome have sufficed to unite the Britis
. hh @ Teroiv . bh ie Pitan
ig to be im command. ‘It will extend along | Addins deen _ be diene of War with
the frontier from Port Hope, on Lake Un-| which rise to view in the contem dadian nd >
tatio, to Long Point, on Lake Erie, and in-) ware bad here nore-training effect ; ; Most

9 being

ag ae ; Ut rather their

is the clade Yoronto, Brastford, Simece, St. Cathe- epee the ease with whieh ou objects tmighs

is Oifieial despatches that “ the French rines. &c. The second is ealled the London - edie Tn COCmCOreee epeunt an
must pocket it” He aeknowledges that the} 8, Ets (ellara| on isposiuon to stop our hand :

r | ay, AE ph get “favor of the | district. to be commanded by Major-General | dental effects of a war waged by England ine}.

ate ‘ Ay her * exion With uisiana David Rusgsel!, C. B., whose head quarters y yovernnent of the United Stuter, the ch
| Sdinter, because 0 t COBNEeERIOD ith i.ouriana, . é : ws of an iMvterveimtion w! ch j }

. " : na ems, ondon, and it inclades the extreme Wich M wast have ascumed
formerly a Freneh possession. He insults France | are at London, an ubove all the practical allianee into which itt

l es » Penjnsul: ’ Upper Canada .
West of the Penjnsula of Upper Us * have brought ae with an abhorsed, ee
Whether there will be a third district in \ P” steers, have bad a thousand times more lo do wi
per Canada, with Kingston as head quarters, | the dread of an unfavourable anawer from Wat
will d pr nd on future events; in the mean- pre ob ogg any esumate of lege to oursel vee - and a
‘ris the necessity « met: ; ‘
time that partof the country ts under the | rata ot saat ee our due poss”
| ‘ ; f se _— ‘ © World muat ay
charge of the officers at Montreal. have over-raled every other consideration, —
The Guards are to be quartered at Mon- these gloomy prospects we are now hanpily
treal, where the Rifle Brigade is now arriv-|livered. Our government has united firmnec wi
; coucihation. The government of Washi

ing. The idea of the authorities seems to) itely to ‘ ash ington, whieh
be that the regiments at present in Quebec, | rte oo jetely m9 Ne she poppet nthe hand
or @yen one of them, would be sufficient to}! and deeision which can attend independense we
garrison the city, together with the local | responsibility. aud
Militia and a detachment of Royal Engineers. | atiiiiasa cs
——_—-

Aman named John Enwright, living in CIVIL WAR IN THE STATES,

, West Flamboro, Canada, got drunk on Thurs- —
day morning, Jan. “th, wentghome, turned | THE BATTLE IN KENTUCKY,

his family out of doors, set the house on fire,

hind Cixcixnatt, Jan, 20—A combined
and was burned up in it. : Attack wag

| made to-day on Gen. Zollicoffer’s entrenchments a

—i_o-— . - - . .
of | Mill Springs, Ky., resulting in a complete yj

Qcepec, Jan. 17.—Vhe first detachment Es ,
the 62nd Regiment from Halifax, which ar- | fF Or troops. The starvand stripes now float over
rived at Riviero da Loup on Wednesday | ‘he fortifications. We captured all their camp ppp.
morning, left that place for Montreal direct, | perty and a large number of prisoners, Quy loos ig
by express train, yesterday morning, They | heavy. Gen. Zollicoffer’s dead body igin the hands
numbered about one hundred and sixty men. | of our troops.

A second detachment of the same Regiment! The Commercial’s Louisville despatch rays des.
was expected to leave Riviere du Loup at patches have been received at headquarters whi
three o'clock yesterday after noon for Mon-| announce that the battle took place on Sunday -
treal. Saturday, and that General Thomas Mica
pursuit until night. Our forces followed close

| the rebels, who ran before them in the wildest eon.
ronto, for the murder of Mr. Hogan, and has fusion, like a flock of frightened sheep, to their iy.
again been found guilty. He is sentenced to | trenchmeuts on the north bank of the river, h
be executed on Monday, the 10th March next. | front of these they laid ail night expecting 10 tome,
* them in the morning, but with the uid of

Hoyt, Esq., at An-;

tigonish, to the News Room, states that) - oe Ge caomp aanngee to get arrose the
seven hundred firkins of butter, and three |""" — Coytgins ceasing totlins all their ap,
dead bodies, were picked up on the shore at | Ue". ammunition, horses, tents, 80 wagos
Cheticamp, ©. B. The rail of a wreeked | °! 4"rtermuster’s and medical stores, all of
vessel was discernable from shore at low | fell into our hands- Oar troops had possession gt
water—name unknown—supposed from Ca-| their intrenchments early this morning. Ait
nada, | reaching the opposite side of the river, the
Schr. Elizabeth Ann, of Cornwallis, from | dispered in every direction. 200 dead and
P. KE. 1.. ison shore at Three Fathom Har-| repels were picked up on the field.

bor, bound to the States, (abandoned), 3500 | found ir a wagon mortally wounded.

4 | Our lors i ,
Sehr. Leader, of Prince Edward Island, | rewhe iy lhe ini, but must have
blown out from Island—no one on board. | **tsble- ne surgeon of the 10th Indiang

When in ice off Cape Negro. was robbed of | a telegraphs that thet regimens hud seventy
killed and wounded. General Thomas's

chains, anchors, rigging, and sails. Masts| :
cut away—yvesse) floated to Strait of Canso, | e™braces some of the best regiments in this

and is now in Emery’s Cove, uninjured by | ment. +
elements.—/1z. paper. So fur as I can Jearn, the %h Ohio, 10th
of Minnesotta 18th regulars, 4th and 10h
were among the engaged. Col. Maneon’s
reinforced Gen. Thomas during
making a forced wareh of twenty-five miles
heavy rouds, and managed to arrive three
fore the fight, in which they took part in «pits
their fatigue.

The tenor of all eificial despatches shows thet
| the affair resulted im the most bribliwut victory of
ithe war. No prominent officers on our side won

killed.

terised. They do not, however, attempt to conceal | Gen. Schoeif was uable to cut off the retrestof
the fact—patent to all the world—that the sur-/ the enemy, owing to the bluffy character of the
render was mode by the Washington Government , country, and the obstruction to the roads by felled
not from a sense of justice, but from an emotion | timber. ee
of fear; and that war is postponed only because | [Somerset, where this battle took place, is Z
the Federal Government are not now prepared to | CUtty town of Pulaski county, in

encounter a new enemy. To show the spirit of} Kentucky. The town is eighty-five miles Semiy
the EnSish press on this subject, we give below a | due south from PrumkGeet, vt ie

few extracts from some of the leadiug journals: — viver flows sig miles south of it: inle the gontee
where three turnpikes mect and cross. The
( From the Times.)

| county contains coal and iron, and bas
It ie a great victory, though it ja but an escape oud &

; ; 3 an iron foundry, three churehes
from being obliged to conquer. We are but where .
we were before We were so grossly insulted. We bank.j
] aye > it curbed for a moment the insolence of a| The President has received a private despatch
neighbour who took pleasure in continnnally pro-[ eter; at R ke le i ‘Fork-
voking us, and had permitted himeclf at fast if ee | Stating that Roanoke Island and the city of
bevoud the possibility of suilerance. We have done | shire have been ubandoned by the rebels. Gen. Weal
. 4 1}

hutbing to set up monuments to commemorate; we | has notified Gen. Ituger to remove the women and

3 Bt ' “ age fossinv ag ‘ ,
uve ouly held our own in the great conummuty ot children from Norfolk

-_—--

Tor Hocaxn Mcrver.—James Brown has

—_—-

A despatch from Jesse

SPIRIT OF TIE ENGLISH PRESS ON}
THE AMERICAN QUESTION.

Tue surrender of the Southern Comunissioners
by the Federal Government, kas, as might be ex-
pected, given rise to lengthy comments in most of |
the leading journals of Great Britain; and gratifi-
cation at the peaceful svlution of the difficulty as
the sentiment by which they are nearly all ebarae-

of war Milan,disabled—ithe De Soto having rum inte
her at night off the passes of the Mississippi rive,

such real joy as we now feel in the hindrance of)
such a contlict, There are other nations which
; nt this age ef the world woald wot have; on account of her acting in a very suspicio
thought it consistent with their renown to naurteat | -

sven patience and bony suffering under ontrage as) ee * ‘ erate ens aferwarts rt ry ¥
we have exhibited, If the same experiment had | Wa going into the river by permission of
been tried upon France, we question whether the | Vernment, to take off severe] families thas

sume forbearance wonld have been «afforded to the | .. . A .
ageressor, or the sume readiness to reeeive a tardy webioatane leaving the territory of Davis &

and grudging reparation. We have manifested a | Steamer displayed no lights, when ran j

even we could not have shown towards a people | see
> é ~ . oe ‘ d : ‘kade “
for whom we thought it right to make fewer allow- trying if our bloc was we of
ances, or whom we feared more. The Government Phe expedition against Savannah
of the Federal States had done in mere wantonness | | ; A

tes fh + in mere | been so long promised upposed
what uo nation of the Old. World hud ever dured | S rene ina
rhey badinyaded the sanctuary which Eng- | PTOSTESS. Reconnoitering parties,

land extends to all political exiles Who seek her | out for the purpose of clearing

to do.

offence was at once insult and wrong, and it is no
great triumph, therefore, that it should have been
followed by reparation. If we had to deal with a
friendly and courteous people, we should have had
no occasion for preparations of war. If a French |
or an English captain, while the two nations are
upon their present terms, were to gratify a crack-
braived freak or an insane thirst of notoriety by
some piratieal outrage against the foreign flag, nei-
ther gavernment would wait to see whether any
miserable advantage could be gained by the cireum-
stance. The act wonld be at once disavowed, and | way to be carried ¢
the booty retarned, with apologies and compensation. | Mi
This was the course, which, if Federal America had | that the lund force
been courteous, or even shrewd, Federal America | troops under the comm
would have parsned. Mr. Seward missed a great | thousand men. This nu
opportunity when he failed? \o act asa European |, : f
statesman would have acted ander similar circum. be safely spared, as there
recy At this moment os is nogreat sympathy | rebels will undertake to
vere for either party. The attraction we feel to- | ;
wards & W mn oy nation invaded by a stronger and | parpore: of mstarbinghoue
richer nation, is repelled by the very general detes-|#%d the gunboats were at Mi
ion of mrt a A if bs den es had seized | be at once placed in readine:
te opportunity tor a graceful and courteous act, we | : 4 :
ot nob answer for how far our countryme ; part of the service which might
might have been tempted from their rigorous nea Warsaw Inlet was to be the
tralicy. It was a gross blunder for the shrewd | the expedition when it should
Minister of a shrewd people to miss the chance ofa | : :
great advantage only to do the sume aet at bast | when this would oceur there jf
under circumstances of unavoidable humiliation.
Bat we are told that a very elaborate note of ot
test necompaaics this surrender. We have long since |
learned to value trausatlantic statesmen less for |
what they say than for what they do. Kis by |

Port Royal that fhese corps were provided with «awe
and appe
those of the

supposing that i
the streams.

means of information.
FROM FORT PicKa*
Colonel Harvey Brown open®

,

deeds, and not by arguments, that the fact we to day | Pickens on the Ist iust., upon th

of the dirt whieh has been heaped upon it. It is)

the medieval history of Europe, without seeing how | ¥** is certainly uselens ? What does he intend to |
greatly the world of that period was indebted tothe | gain by his interference? There are some ya
Monastic Orders; und feeling whether they were | when others surpass them in every respect, will et
good or bad in other matters. Monasteries dete mg envious and offer as much opposition as possible. |
yond ail price in those days of misrule and turbu- I may inform him that if “ Observer’ and I have a!
lence, as places where (it may be imperfectly yet quarrel, we ean do without his interference. An |
better than elsewhere) God was worshipped—as a if he considers ‘ Observer's” first letter “ uncalled
quiet and religious refuge for hei pless infancy and | for,’ much Jess was his, as he was not provoked by
old age, a shelter of respectful sympathy for the or-
phan maiden and the desolate widow—as central |
points whence agriculture was to «pread over bleak | ENOPGH TO ALLOW HIM TO CHEAT ME; and, if I do}
hills, and barren downs, and marshy plains, and | not forget,he is displeased with ** Observer’ because |
deal bread to millions perishing with hunger und ite he alvo was too clever for him.
pestilential train—as repositories of the learning | “Chanticleer” thinks I did not stick to my subject,
which then was, and well-aprings for the learning and that I proved myseif “an adept at writing in-
whieh was to be—as nurseries of art and science, | Cherently.”” What could you expect from “ Chan-
wiving the stimulus, the means, and the reward to | titleer?” And if he only crows loudly in that man-
| vention, and aggregating around them every head | ner, without showing where or how I departed
( hat could devire, and every hand that eould execute from my subject, or written incoherently, it will not
—as the nucleus of the city which in after-days of suffice. Mr.‘ Chanticleer,” it is very easy tc speak
pride should crown its palaces and bulwarks with | >&t to prove indisputably that what yon say is un-
the towering cross of its Cathedral.” doubtedly true, is diilieult. Your attempt to repre-
“ This, I think, no man ean deny. I believe it is | Dt my composition as “ miserable,” “ incoherent’
true, and I love to think of it. Lhope that Isee the | and not “to the purpose,” is but feeble without
good hand of God in it, and the visible trace of his| proof. You did not even sHow if I made a mistake
mercy that is over all bis works. But if it is only a| in spelling, punctuation, or if I expressed myself
dream, however grateful, I shall be glad se be improperly. You simply say that I wrote incohe-
awakened from it; not, indeed, by the yelling of il- rently. Prove it. And that is what you should
literate agitators, but by a quiet and sober proof have done before you gave your opinion of it, and
that I have misunderstood the matter. Inthe mean-| What you would have done if you could. But did I
time, let me thankfully believe that thousands of the | not stick to my subject? Certainly I did. He must
persons at whom Kobertson, and lortin, and other | know that I did not choose any particular subject of
SUCH VERY MISERABLE SECOND-MAND WriteRs,} public interest at first: 1 simply defended myself
have sneered, were menof enlarged minds, purified agaiust the unprovoked attacks of an unprincipled

any previous communication. ‘“ Chanticleer’s” only |
soe . ue
reason for writing is, THAT I WAs NOT FOOLISH |

verenced by men—and, above ull, favourably ac- | so attacked would he succumb to it? A man’s repa-
cepted by God, and distinguished by the highest | tation mey aufferif he will allow any person to
honor which He vouchsufes to those whom He has ridicule him with impunity. Yet I have devoted «

'
impossible to get even a superticial knowledge of | the columns of a newspaper, why should he wriie |

A notice from the Herald's College states that it| three-quarters. ‘The French Canadians were
is not expected that the public should appear in| then 35 per cent of the whole; they are now
j 3

they are now 76 per cent, or, more than lannounce has been brought about,

mourning after Sunday, the 9th February.
The Spanish Government have granted the uln- |
quitons Confederate steamer Sumter sancutary ou |

| condition of her forty two captured prisoners being |

given into their custody, a decision which threat- |
ens to result in the departure of the American
Consul trom Cadiz.
Corron To New Yor«.—The demand for
steamers to carry cotton from Liverpool to New
York still continues, atid on the 7th the steamer

to America. }

EARTHQUAKE AT GREECE.— Trieste, Jan. 7.— |
Advices receeived here from Atheus ta the 25th |
ulf,. states that a violent shock of anearthquake had |
oecurred along the northern coast of the Pelopon-|
nesux.— Athens wes uninjured, but new and eld!

Corinth, Algion, and Patras had been damaged. |

The Chambers at Athens had voted a sum of 10,-} -

000 drachmas to relieve the sufferers by the
catastrophe. }

Cuma.—Canton, Dee. 30.—A coup d'etat has |
taken place at Pekin.~The members ef the Ca- |
binet have been imprisoned. A new ministry has |
been formed under the presidency of Prinee Kung, |

The news of the havyoe which the Sumter is |
causing amoug the Federal merchant vessels in|
European waters shows that at the time the |

American press are eularging on their ability to | of Haldemand, (we are without bis name.) on |

sweep British commerce from the seas by swarms |

of privateers, they are unable to protect their own | to be called out, felt, like Bub Acres, bis) and coneeded the surrender of the four
courage oozing out at his finger ends, and)

flag from the most daring and vexatious attacks.
—London Times.

Tn an article on Ameriean affairs the Liverpoot |
‘Courier’ ssys:—- |

“ Tt is well known that a proposition for break- |
ing the blockade was laid betore the Brilish by the }
French Cabinet at least three months since. |
France suffers more than we have yet suffered |
from the want of cotton. She bad nv India to!
send her a supply, and she has fewer trades to}
The policy of!

called into existence, that of being the channels of
His love and merey to their fellow-creatures.”
(Maitland’s Dark Ages, 3nd Ed. Pref. vi & v.)

1 may remark that Mr. Maitland pays your favour-
ite historian, Robertson, no very high compliment
n clamsing. him among “ very miserable second-band
writers,” although you have severely censured the
Popes for placing on the “Index” the works of
this same “very niixerable second-hand” writer,
who “sneered” at “ thousands’ of persons in-
finitely superior to himself ia every respect.

Mr. Maitland, after giving numerous proofs of the

extensive use of the Holy Seriptures in the “ dark

short space to a subject which engrosses the public
mind, and which is considered of “ suflicient public
interest” to be discussed in the columms of news-

opinion, but it is beyond bis ability to prove that I
have written incoherently, or that I was not master
of my subject.

I will now direct attention to some parts of
“ Chantieleer’s” letter, which will show plainly that
he can neither write properly nor “ to the purpose.”’
In the second paragraph he uses the word either.
Now, al] know thatcither means“ one or the other,”
and cannot properly be used in speaking of five or

ages,” says: Ihave sor found any thing about’ more individuale. He might have weed a better

pipers. “Chanticleer” may differ with me in}

compensate tor the loss of one.
the Bnglish Cabinet all throngh has been directed |
to check the impulsiveness of France, until, at)
last, Franee actually sugpects England of a design |
to destroy the cotton manufacture of France in)
order to develope cotton cultivation in India.
| ‘This idea is just as absurd as that so lately inen-
bated by the Peace Soeiety, which imagines that

mouareky, with Prince Alfred as king. However,
it must be entertained. Some circumstances, how-
ever, have receutly come to light which compel
action ou the part of France, and we are much

istaken if that action be as geutle as the course
> ted by England. The Swnter took refuge in
the Whoa of St. Pierre, at Martinique, and the

it is intended to erect the Southern States into a,

| nearly 38 per cent—a proof of the rapid na-

tural increase of their race. The Church of
Rome then counted 47 per cent of our people
within its folds. [i now includes nearly 54
per cent of them. Were it not too long, it,
would be interesting to mark the increase or
decrease of other nationalities and religion |
also.

“Tf we compare our progress with that of

| Bahiana was taken up for the conveyance of cotton | other countries, we have every reason to be

satisfied. Great Britain increased its popu- |
lation only about 18 per cent, from 1540 to |
1850 ; our rate of increase is more than three |
times as mach, and although the States aug- |
mented their figures from 23,191,875in 1850 |
ta 21,429,891, 1¢ will be seen that this is an!
increase of bat 354 per cent, and therefore |
ierior to ours.”’ i
Pe
‘© A Gatrant Orricer.’’—A circumstance |
connected with the calling out of the militia |
has come to our natice, which constrains us|
to confess that the whole of our officers are |

1n

;not heroes, aithongh we are satisfied that | systematically upon a course of offence towards)

the great majority of them would do their |
duty bravely. A certain officer in the County

receipt of the news that flank companies were

determined to get aut of the force immediate-
ly. He accordingly took bis commission and
sentit to his Colonel with the following en-
dorsation :

—‘* dear Curnal, i beg to resine mi com-
mission. Bein a disipel of Kristi cannot
take up the sord.”’

Fact!!—Hamilton (Canada) Spectator.

nella
Rarnway Deiecation.—The ilon. Joseph
Howe returned to Nova Scotia in the Europa
on Saturday night. We anderstand that
the subject of the Intercolonial Railroad has |
been presented to Her Majesty's Government |
in due form, but that nu auswer is expected |
till the Cabinet re-assemble before the meet- |
ing of Parlhiament.—/aiijaz Sun, Jan. 27.

ee ee eee

Mirirary Disrricrs or Canapa.—The Que-

edthat the Head Quarters of the army are
to be at Montreal, and that there are to be
at least two districts in Upper Canada, with

Federal frigate adhapaanes herthither. ‘The
captain of the Iroquois attually attempted to elfect

a general officer in command of each.
| first of these is called the Hawilton district,

114 ; It is not Vattel | Times, while loading stores at the
and Ry ukershoek, and 5 ow ell and De Hauteville, } yard. He was provoked to adopt
who have influenced this controversy, but the | .
prouptitude with which we reinforeed Admiral | the fact that the rebel batteries at
Milne’s oh = ~~ battalion after battalion | been firing for some days previous
into Canada. They loudly proclaim this in Ameri-| . he

ca, and Mr. Seward’s note Mill very probably be oes oe oe svenEnes Seren,
found to beat marks of the same sentiment. “We | shells bursting within Fort Pickens,
make up - yee in advance, therefore, to accept! only one man. The firing was
with vnrutiled equanimity any quantity of words!” . cawe
Liven if there doll be muttled ieotmand expres: | evening, when the last shot
sions of ill-will we shall humbly bope to outlive | Brown's guns. One of the shots from !
them. We have every reason to be sutisfied with | made a breach in Fort Barrancas, and
the position which this country has held throughout. |... ete (
We have never deviated from grave and courteous | day the town of W Reringion, re 7
discussion, aud have never desvended to retort the | Union shells, and continued to burn antil the
wildinvectives which came from the other side of of the 2d, when the Rhode Island left.
the Atlantic. The war departments have manifested
an efficiency whieh give us confidence in ourselves,
and will give us security from future insult. The | the Mississippi Sound, we learn, by way
Government have acted with a rare couriesy
temper, but have displayed, together with dignified
deliberation, firmness, promptitude, and concage. |
Nor will we refrain from adding, what every one | the 3lst ult., and that at latest accoante ™
will feel while he reads this newe, that the’ man
upon whom the nation instinctively relied while the : ;
crisis lasted deserves our warmest gratitude now | ¢Vidently prizes from the rebels.
that the peri] is overcome. Itis indeed a rare wi-
umph to graee the latter years of a life so han
pecloliged: that Lord Palmerston has found, and bas |
used, the opportunity to curb the arrogance of the |
only people which has in this generation eatered | with a cargo of tin, lead, copper and

england.
(From the Morning Post.)

At the last moment, not from spontaneons good
feeling, but under the pressure of the British de
mands, the American Government has given way,

seized on board the Trent. They were to
over to Lord Lyons “ when and where he pleases.” | in the House, by the request of the
| We take it for granted that this tardy recognition of “
| the justice of our demands will bave : .
panied by the required apology. If we are not mis-| tion, by which not only will the
| informed, a long memoraudum from the Cabinet of |
Washington bas been transmitted in reference
ion. In the meantime we are startled by a tieew |
omplication, which bears the strongest family re-|
semblance to the preceding outrage. D
that the commander of the Federal steamer Santiago
| de Cuba boarded, off the coast of Texas, the schooner
Engenia Smith, sailing under British colors between
Matanzas und Havannah, and took out of her two

quest

bee Chronicle says thatit has been determin- |
| The repars

4

passengers, snpposed to be agentsef the Confederate
Siaies. These gentlemen, Messrs, Zacchari and
Rogers, have been confined ‘in Fort Lafayette, for
the reason, us we suppose, that the exeentive must
have thought it too great anabseurdity to instal then
in the qnarters in Kort Warren still warm from the
occupation of Messra. Slide!) and Mason. We can
ouly trust that these latest captives will be speedily

released with less trouble to us, and less humiliation

itothe Americans.
(from the Daily News.)

tion due to Great Britain is made, and
ithe honor of ‘our flag is signally

the puramonnt necessity of maintaining the

ret peaceably,
vindicated. Nothing less than # Hedy perception of
respect | Snani imen driven
due to our rights—an intuition of the mirehiefs tbat oe te
| must ensue, ja nation with duties and cures such as |

1
{
With regard to the expedition at Ship 5
and) Monroe, that the gunboats St. Louia, New e
a

‘and Water Witch had proceeded towards t
J

London was returning with three schoowet
The sean" é
wri- | Rhode Island, from Galveston, whieh brought oe
vy | news to Fortress Monoe, captured the “— "
Venus, off Galveston, bound for Franklin, @ u
woul, of
Port Isabel, valued at $10,000. She ®
Ship Island. te
Bosrox, Jana ™ pr
The passage by Congress yesterday ofa bill of
‘ rizing the President to appoint two ww le
pay | taries of war, was, according to ® antes be
ag

beck tieeum.| eit. ‘This is preliminary to a thorough att rl it
business of the army be facilitated, but ee al
tothe |, a on rm ws)

have an equid opportunity of obtaining

proper officers of the Department without wo . ame

It appears | sary delay. g. . to
New York, Jao ie
Wilmington, N. C., advices to 2let wh
Fort Munro. 3 Pat
One hundred veesels of Barneide’s feet bal Me
rived in Pimlico Sound. " oth
Simultaneous attack was expected om Ly hy

Island and Newburn. Confederate forces

Vera Cruz is virtually besieged —and 19 oy Fe
munication cut of, No ee ‘wist y

from Vera Crus. Three thousand men

for fight. :

British gunboat Racer, from Be le on

arrival there of the Rinaldo on the Ath, . a
immediately for St. Thomas. a q

Mexican advices to the oth received via are Ex,

inland *

hes

Most

been