PAGE FOU K THE GUAARADIHAN Authorized no Second Ulau MIU Poul Office Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publishing 00 CIRCULATION Total City zone ..................... notall Trading Zone .. All Others . . 82 Total Net Paid . 13.0-I8 Editor nnvl Managing ')IrocIor, J. IL durnetl Associate Editor. Frank Walker. , I "The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink" CI!A.R.LOT'I'ETOWN MONDAY. JAN. 29. 1951 3.785 .. 3.151 Time For A Showdown A revised setup of freight rates for New- foundland, with many charges slashed by as much as 25 percent, has been granted by the Board of Transport Commissioners on the ground that Constitutional obliga- tions have to be considered, and that under the terms of Confederation, any rate dis- advantages, by comparison with the Mari- time Provinces, resulting from the fact that NewfoL1ndland's freight movements involve a water haul, should be wiped out. To this Province the new deal obtained by Newfoundland is of special interest. We too, are handicapped, as compared with other parts of the Maritimes, by a ”water haul", and we have been contending for a long time now that the only way to wipe out this disadvantage is to recognize the Borden-Tormentinc route as an interprov- lncial lilgliway. Back in 1947, when the Summerside Board of Trade applied to the Board of 'l'ransport Commissioners for a reduction in exorbitant truck rates on the cerferry, it set the precedent which Newfoundland has followed by citing our Confederation 'com- pact, guaranteeing us continuous communi- cation with the mainland. But the Board's reaction was quite different to its attitude as expressed in its judgment in the New- foundland case. A chief witness before the Board in 'li)alT was the late lion. Horace Wright, then a member of the l"rovincial Govern- ment.' When Mr. Wright argued that ”we have rights as a Province under the British North America Act and the Federal Gov- ernment is under obligation to carry our produce at reasonable rates," the counsel for the liailway, lllr. Dysart replied: "That strictly speaking is a question which lies between the Province. of Prince Edward Island and the Government of Canada rather than this Board. If the rates are such that they bear unduly upon the peo- ple of the Island. then it is the duty of the Provincial Government to get a better arrangement with the Dominion Govern- ment.” And on this point Mr. Dysart was upheld by the Board. Chief Commissioner Cross maintained that the Board's jurisdic- tion was limited and that if we had any special claims upon the Dominion Govern- ment in transportation matters, they should be referred to the Government. ”There seems to be .1 good deal involved outside our sphere," Mr. Cross said at that time. "But so far as we are concerned we are going to confine ourselves to our jur- isdiction." That has been the Board's attitude with respect to every attempt on our part to obtain redress in transportation matters. Now it appears to have made a complete volte face in dealing with the claims of our sister island Province. it is a welcome change indeed, and we congratulate New- foundland on having” succeeded where we failed. But we shall want to know why. Now that Parliament .is meeting, we shall want to know on the floor of the House of Commons, and in the Senate, why the Board of Transport Coii1n1issgiotjlei:s"l)as ong scale of values in dealing with Prince Ed- ward Island, and another scale in dealing with Newfoundland. Has its jurisdiction been broadened since 1947, that it is now permitted to take Confecerntion pledges into account? This is a live question indeed in this Province, and it is to be hoped that both our representatives at Ottawa and our Provincial Government will drive its im- plications home in no uncertain terms. We are entitled not only to equitable treat- ment with Newfoundland in this matter, but to retroactive compensation for the Transport Board's failure to mete out this treatment to us in the past. Provincial Salas Tam One .ssue likely to come before Parlia- ment at the forthcoming session is revision of the British North America Act to give the Provinces authority to levy an indirect sales tax. A similar proposal, an exchange recalls, was thrown out by the Senate in 1936, and the arguments against it today aye just as cogent as they were fifteen years ago. , At that time Rt. Hon. Arthur Meighen L tained that the power of indirect tux- , with the effect it produces, is the cornerstone of Confederation. Once of provincial sales taxes was ' ' - . would mount to have liginent for his services. I THE GUARDIAN. the rates raised again and again whenever the Provinces became pressed for revenue. With the present visible and direct provin- cial levies, no Province lightly considers raising them because they are certain to face a protest from the consumer. If the Provinces are now permitted to enter the indirect tax field, there would be a hidden provincial levy in addition to all the others. If applied at the production level, as in the case with most indirect taxes, there would be an enormous pyramidingof costs to the consumer. A major objection to such a proposal at this time is the huge new defense expend- itures which the Federal Government is facing, and which are likely to call for a drastic increase in income and other Fed- eral taxes. This is no time to start dip- ping surreptitiously into the taxpayer's other pocket. EDITORIAL NOTES Another convention week successfully completed. Conferees like Charlottetown and Island hospitality. O O I CHARLOTTETOWN All sot Io Grapple With It General Motors Products of Canada has opened a Maritime zone office at Moncton with Mr. J. E. B. Short as zone manager. 0 U 0 Falling from grace. In Lindsay, Ont., Magistrate E. A. Gee, sentencing three Toronto youths to reformatory for breaking and entering and theft from six summer cottages, said: ”There was 21 time when Toronto was known as the City of Chur- clies' and the City of the Good', but now it has bccomc' the City of Dives and Crooks." THE BOOK OF NATURE this fair volume which World do name: If we the sheets and leaves could turn with care, Of Him who it corrects, and did it frame. We clear might read the art and wisdom rare: Find out. His power which wild- cat powers doth tame. His providence extending every- where, His Justice which proud cloth not spare, in every page, no, period of the Of we Austerity has its compensations. The sweet-scented aroma of peat fires soon will hover again over Irish communities for the first time since the war. Peat will replace coal as fuel because coal shipments from Britain have dropped. This year the Re- public of Ireland plans to dig 4,000,000 tons of peat, an increase of 1,000,000 tons over rebels same. But silly we, like foolish children. rest Well pleased with coloured vellum. leaves of gold, Fair dnnglin: riibuncis, leaving . . . what is best. last )edl. . . . Of the great Writer's sense ne'er taking hold: . Or if by chance our minds do "Operation Preparedness" is a good name for an enlistment propaganda galli- ering, and could just as well be applied to an endeavour to obtain our share of "Pre- paredness" industries. It is a shame and disgrace that we have no one here or at Ottawa pressing our Provincial rights and claims. Never before have we been so ignored. The powers-that-be will not exert themselves on our behalf so long as we are satisfied to remain indifferent even so far as picking up the crumbs that may fall from the rich Federal table. As the late Premier Lea used to remind us, it is the creaking wheel that obtains the oil. 0 I I The salaries of the scientific staff at Ottawa have been increased. The increases will range from 25300 to b600 a year and ap- ply to members of the board's staff at Ot- tawa and laboratories across Canada who earn less than 357,300 a year. They are retroactive to Dec. 1, 1950. Mr. Claxton says it was felt an upward revision of sal- aries would assist in recruiting qualified scientists for the defence research program. The basic recruiting rate for a man with a doctor of philosophy degree is raised from 33,560 to 53,300 a year. The minister said an additional allowance over and above this basic rate would be made for superior qualifications or experience. I O O muse, on aught. It is some picture on the margin wrought. -William Drummond (I585-I649). vNnm-I E The Ago-tlld Story n55HV Say yc to the righteous. that it shall be well with him: for they shall out the fruit of their doings. Woo unto the wicked it. shall be ill with him: for the reward of his hands shall be given him. Mr. Gardiner And Oleo (Montreal Gazette) That master of rough-a.nd-t.um- ble politics and innuendo, Agri- culture Mtnlster James G. Gardin- er. has some of his Ottawa fellow- Liberals wondering with two speeches which he delivered in Toronto this week. Most of their wanderings are followed by ex- clamation marks. It has always been said that. behind the scenes, Mr. Gardiner fought tooth-and-nail-Bizainst the creation of Ottawa's wheat. mar- keting monopoly in the form of the Canadhm Wheat. Board, and that he has never seen eye to eye with Trude lvlllnistcr Howe, who thus lightened his shoulders of the wheat problem. Is this what. Mr. Gardiner had in mind when he told University of Toronto Liberals this week: "There are those who maintain that the Wheat. Board method of marketing wheat is state social- ism. I do not think so - although it may be going too far to any that it is established Liberalism?" And what did he have in mind when he commented, in the some speech: "Power must rest. in the hands of the peoples' representa- tives. Government and Opposi- tion sitting on the floor of Parlia- ment and responsible to the peo- ple cannot be replaced by an inner bi-nln trust of Cabinet plus an up- potntcd National Planning Com- mission which controls the elec- tion of members of Parliament through its Bureau of Public In- formation, industrial and trans- portntion boards and necessary Gestapo?" Later the some day (Wednes- day) he had surprising things to say to the Ontario crop Im- provement Association, also” meet- ing in Toronto. They are surpris- ing. that is. when it is recllled that it has been under a Liberal Fed- eral Government thnt; oloo-mnr- not-lne has come into its own and is threatening to replace butter as the attonal spread. Declared Mr. Gardiner: "The Meighen Govorbmen? wu defect.- ed in 1921 in the dairy constit- uencies of Canada because they permitted the production and im- portation of uiorgnrlne with the remit that the price of butter Wu cut in half. The King Government WI! defeated in 1930 in the dairy natltuencies of Canada because they permitted the importation of New Zeniond butter into Canada at a duty nee of one cent per pound, with the result that butter prices were cut in half. . No one nced.I..t.o advise the dairy farmer: what. to do with any government which monkeys with the Canadian market for butter. They have ul- roldy provon they know wh-I to all go Inllut my government In Cannon - Ind norm of the pro- According to an Ottawa dcspatch, a change has been made in food and drug regulations covering the sale of horsemeat and horsemeat products for human con- sumption. Horsemeat and horsemeat prod- ucts may be sold if wholesalers and re- tailers ”legibly and conspicuously identify” them as horsemeat or horsemeat products. It is believed the change resulted from the difficulty experienced last year in prosecut- ing concessionaries at the Central Canada Exhibition for selling horse-burgers to un- suspecting customers. The concessionaries claimed they had been sold to them un- identified by wholesalers. The old regula- tions required only retailers "to legibly and conspicuously" identify any horsemeat sold for human consumption. Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig of Bemer- syde, soldier, died this date 1928. A grad- uate of Oxford, he joined 7th I-lussars in 1885, and served in the Soudan and South African Wars; was chief of staff in India. At outbrc-.11: of Great War I he was placed. in command of the 1st Army, later suc- ceeding Viscount French as commander-in- chief. Between the beginning of 1916 and the Armistice in 1918 he saw more fighting in a single day than Wellington did in a month, and commanded more troops in a single day iljlilll Wellington did in a month. He readily agr;.-einrpray second to Foch in command of the Allied forces. After the' w'ar he was appointed Field Marshal com- manding in chief of the forces in Great Britain, receiving the Order of Merit, an earldom, 5500,000, and the thanks of Pat'- Poho Fund Controversy (Summerside Pioneer) All this controversy over the "Canadian March of Dimes" cam- paign seems to have had an odd manner of starting. It started when the original promoter of the scheme sued the present manager of the fund for ten per cent of the laitcr's earnings from the founda- tion. Accordlin-g to a financial statement pu-blished of the fund slightly over 5289.000 was con- tributed from July fl, 1948, to November 30, 1950, of this amount sl-11,459 going toward organiza- tion, campaign and administrative expenses, while 374,785.70 was de- voted to pol-io aid, there being a balance on hand at that period of close to f'l1i,000. 'I'o such a furore has been added the resignations from the board of directors of Senator Wilson and Sir Ellsworth Flavellc. The furore has probably brought up the question of establishing some board that would pass on all campaigns for public support. The polio fund is a deserving one, but the facts brought out. in the mat- ter may deter the public from contributing to other well deserv- ing funds. Now that the matter is before the courts it is hoped the controversy. What 3 good number of these Dcople seeking charitable gifts should realize is that there is just so much charity at large, and that it must. be expended as far as pos. sible for the objects for which it W36 Riven. and not to provide some promoter with a good easy living. 7.0 Notes From J Another Island 8: ?ns-on” (. IDNFON. Ensland:-Who's put the clock into reverse? Who's turned back the pages of the cal. endar? We all thought that we were doing fine a. couple of months 580 when we learned that we had progressed so well! along the up- hill road to recovery that we had been able to dispense with Mm-shall Aid about, two years before that blessed event: had been expected. Oh, there were still hard times ahead, still lots of wuk to be done before we could really say that we had arrived. But at 1335; we thought we hnd reached the 113:, that we could slip into top gear and pun swiftly along until the road took 5. turn downhill and we could coast pleasantly down into the plains of plenty , . . mm.-aaxwbut do we find. Some. body has slipped up on the top- Osmphyi There are fresh and un. exbected climbs to negotiate, hills that were not marked on the maps We had been using: and these it Seems. We must now tackle under our own power since we have slip. pad the low-rope of American dol- lars. Not. that many people mind that. Moat of us have long had 3 sort. of sneaking feeling that help- ful though Marshall Aid mi. ma grateful though we were to ho've it, it. was rather Inglorious to be in the position of needing it. "pov. erty is no sin", that we all know especially when poverty, as in am: ::::-e. 3aP;;nE:venII'OXtllh a laudable v e k that in our case it; was 1335:: question of temporary embg.-,-3,. sment due to heavy commitment; "ml downriohz deslitution did not M is 8 Very efficient balm for the Plilltl of injured pride. 0WeV0l'. all that. is by the way. The dlscourazlne thing is not out we have to face new trial: without outside help - . 1h” 1. no novel "Mien" 10' us anyway-but that we have apparently to (Me yen, zlongliniotarlou all over ngun, ma ,0 .0513: is "why one ow, are n ' sort of mistake, nligtitbgy? .2:-' :.'f'l,”b1&'lY 5'” "M Mr. nm. It to mu omltoaieg until in 4.... Winter attacked usprfrom mg":-2::.1 -o to mm. and hold no in no my trip in I (for us) quite unmount- omed manner, dlsrupgtng tum. Dort. production and me generally Axnln now. u if it is not onough thnl we are flclng one emu on top of another. with the tourma- mem drive nulilfying gu our mm work of the put. few years in in Drodizious demand: upon an, economy. II if that is not enough recent cold spells have done their 59” W brill: about another me: lhorloao to ldd to It seems only ye.sleFdiy'I.IIot. no were regarding with 31., um, seemed almost. childish the noun. pooron:-o, by long-Awaited Gov. wonders if, vlnceo - that govommont to out! I - . -- , l 'm” r ernmuentp permission, at in. bnim v "hat -901719 tzood will come out of stream of light floating Our difficulli. V PO0M00;00&QOMO0M it Old Charlottetown Q (And P. E. L) METEOIIIC APPEARANCE "On Wednesday evening. the lath instant, at twilight, before the fixed stars were visible, 3 met- eor was observed from Cape Tra- verse, in this Island, in 9. north- westwardly direction, shooting down from a height of twenty-five or thirty degrees above the horizon. After traversing about fifteen de- grees, it. become extinct. The ap- parent size of the meteor greatly exceeded that of an ordinary 'shoot.lng star! Its f I was comparatively slow, and nearly in a. straight line; but the luminous appearance which it left behind it in the heavens. quickly assumed a. sinuous aspect, not unlike that of zigzag lightning. This luminous track was of great brtllinncy, and remained distinctly visible for up- wards of twenty minutes after the meteor had disappeared. No cur- ruscations were visible in it, al- though the angular projections seemed to waver and contract, and thus imported an undulating appearance to the phenomenon, as if it. had been an unbroken curbside parking was once deemed dealrabie by a great many merch- o.nt.u.. In the past it brought custo- mers to their doors. Today it drives them away through the congestion it. creates. Plainly, regulations which were considered applicable 20 year: ago encount entirely al- tered conditions today. - Toronto Globe and Mail. A: : colouloer, explolter and superior the white man is clearly through in Asia. He can remain there only as a friend and equal. Tltis is the policy of the great west- ern navtioms but they have been slow to make the Asiatic under- stand. Meanwhile Communism uses the name of on American President who opposed aggrwsion anywhere to justify it everywhere. -Victoria Times. . "We In women to look like wo- men," says the Windsor Star, "and as much like women as possible. Well, so do we, but the poor clears have fallen prey to so many hat stylists. dress designers. hair-doers, makeup artists, face-lifters, diet: ex- perts and foctitous revnmpers of one ldnd and another, it's a wonder they look like women at. all. But they do - 9. little - so we love 'em Just the camel - Ottawa Citizen. At the mount time, when one needs the services of 9. taxi. the sole guarantee and the sole protection In .Toronto. clown-town .orou.' JANUARY 29, 195; is not sound practice. To any thug. all children should have an oppmv: tunity to become well educated 1., one thing: to confuse this with mere compulsouy exposure to ins. regardless of whamm- the other. To the extent that d ments of ediucatlon require. by low that children shall continue to 31,: tend school beyond their capacity to learn anything, a mistake 15 be. in; mode. Nobody benefits. The un. academic child certainly does nqg, The teacher does not, since the bright youngsters are held back by the dull. The Y-Bxliiilero does not, because he has to foot. a bill ohm, would be much lighter if the them. pupils were taken off the pay:-nu. so to speak. -- Brantford nxpogtgor, You announce that the BBC pro. poses to spend over him. during the next three years on the devel- opment of television. I have just returned from a visit to the Unit- ed States where television (though not. I believe, more higihiy de. veloped technically) has become an hobi-tual form of entertain- ment in many more households than here. Among persons of my own acquaintance I found only anxiety and opp. 'en.-.i about the social effects of this plstime, and especially about its effect (mentally, morally, and physical- ly) upon small children. Before we endeavour to popularize it that can be had is the skill and of cliouffovurs are worthy citizens. In the very interest of the majority, it would perhaps be opportune to suggest that each one of their vehicles carried, in clear view of the passenger, on identity card with a. photograph of the driver. -. Le soleii, Quebec. To make I fetish of schooling, without regard to facts and cases still further in this country, might moral integrity of the man at tho-” "Flt be " we" M W i'”'”li3”' wheel Let no repeat: the majorltyi ed ”' W””q”e'"”” I” "Ame-1'19") society and took counsel with in. formed American opinion about possible safeguards and limitations? The fears expressed by my Am. erican friends were not such as could be nllayed by the provision of only superior and harmless pro. grams: they were concerned with the television habit, whatever the program might be.-T. S. Eliot in London Times. NEURASTHENIA, etc., AND ARE THE VITALITY OF YOUTH THE GREAT BRITISH BEJUVENATOB "t DAMAROIDS ” DEMAROIDS ARE A TONIC FOR .USE IN CASES OF GEN- ERAL WEAKNESS. CONVALESCENCE, NERVOUS DEBILITY, OF INESTIMABLE VALUE IN ARRESTING PREMATURE SENILE DECAY AND RESTORING LITERATURE SENT ON REQUEST through the atmosphere." -The Islander. May 16, 1888. M... lights in our cities and towns. Places that had for years-since 1939 in fact-almost gone to bed when the sun had set began stay- ing up late by the light of flashing signs and CO.IOUaI'0d norms that seemed something like a revelat- ion to people who had nearly for- gotten that they had taken such things for granted before the war. B Now, once again. however, it is 3 question of using electricity for esaenttal purposes only, and oven in the thing that we might. con- sider essential we are constantly being asked-bodgered is probably a better word-to economioe where- ever possible. There are dark hints of factories having to close for lack of power to keep the machines going, and we all know well enough the chain reaction that follow: that possibility: the factories close, production drops, exports decline, our overseas earn- ings fall off, we can afford less for imports of raw mbteriuls and food, and before you have time to any "Waste not, want; not" the meat. ration has been out again. All this. as I say, comes on top of the great re-armament drive. Factories that could have been turning out goods for the export. trade are having to devote their energies to more sinister tasks. others, which might. have been al- lowed tel continue with their pence- able, dollar-earnings labours, of- ten find that the material: they need have been earmarked for arms plants, with pretty much the same result. From the some root. grown the possibility that even our hous- lng plans may stiffer, to the dis- may of countless young families, who never yet having known'sny- thing like a home of their own, see even hope receding. O O U Fortunately, beneath the surface of seething frustration it appears that the little thing: that make up life still find somewhere to hip- pcn. We have heard. for instance, nbout. o film-fan vmo, utter seeing A heavy melodrama on the screen, found I gloss-eye on the floor near his feet, presumably wuhed out. in oomebodyh flood: of tens. I-lo od- vertisod his find, but no one claim- ed it. Maybe our Nltlonnl Health service had already provided the owner with A new one: or per- haps it had never fitted properly anyway and its owner. addicted to "weepieo", had got tired of hovlng that kind of trouble with it. every time. Then there was the Great: Tof- fee Robbery recently. At the on- nuol schoolboy! lllxhtbiuon in London one of the marvel: of science on show made I bow of coffee: disappear on if by "music whenever o grasping youthful hind tried to take I sample. The deceit proved too much for some unknown young mun, however, who mule brute force overcome the cunning of science. The bowl of toffee: undo it: final dluppooronco at last: how it wont, it not where. was shown by the wreckage. Why it went one never in doubt. J. P. tmflorml 8:: sum . roruons . ovnuum-a Moira Uloihlna thu Ill. 15'! ovum or tm .-.0-mr-rvv-nmmmrpsacw-'--um-s Ii PROFESSIONAL CARDS J. 3. TAYLOR Optomotrln liyeo oumlned, gluon titled. Corner Kent. & Queen Sta. Oflloo Phoro I958-Home ms FREDERIC A. LARGE. l K. c. Barrister, Solicitor, Notary Royal Bank of Canada Building Charlottetown, P. E. I. LOANS ON CITY AND FARM PROPERTIES Palmer & I-Ioslom L J. IIABLADI, B.A., l.l..B. Barrister, Elo. Bulk of Non Scotti (lumber: Charlottetown. P.E. I. ' MONEY TO LOAN Mat-.PIIee 8. Trainer H.Il'. MMPHEE. B.A.. K.C. E. SOMEBLED TRAINOR. B. A. Barristers, Me. i J. A. McGuiqan BARJIISTEI. SOLICITOR, lilo. NOTARY, ETC. BARBISTEB. SOLICITOB CUBBII BUILDING Adjoining North American Hotel Doll 8: Murliioson BABBISTEBS. SOLICITORS. to ER... BI-ILL. M.L.A. ' D.L. MATIIIESON .L. L. 3.. LC. Attorney: at Low LOANS ON CITY AND FARM PBOPIZBTIEB 150 Richmond st. - chumuunm. P. E.I. M. Albun Farmer B. A-. LL. B. MONEY TO LOAN Charlottetown, P. E. 1. Joseph R. MocMilIun. ,. LL.B. BABRISTER, s0Llf.'l'l'Oll.. Etc 15 Queen street PHONE 116' Money to Loon I. Collootiom Dr. W. R. Carbon Chiropractor Palmer Gndlluo CIIABLOTTETOWN 201 Prince st. Phone 101: John P. Nicholson. I.L.I. BABBIUPER. BOLICITOR. Bio. 154 Prince 82., Phone 2838 Ch 'town. Dr. A. L. Moclscoc DENTIST Dental X-Bay GLORIA BUILDING 1'19 Gnlton SI. Phone 291 A. Walthon Gander. LL. 8. 3. SAEBISTEB-KSOLICITOB, EM: S " PIIIIIIIII Hlllldlllj 7 Ill Grafton Street "009! to Loan Collection: 'L 7 I, Chas. R. Mcqluoid B. A. BAIIRIITEII, EOLICITOB. NOTARY. Ito. no If!!! Building CBAILOITITOWN Phone llll Mo-rheson & Peollo . A. W. MATIIEBON. Inc. A. ll. PEAKE, B.A.. LLB Bnrriolarl. etc. Collection: - Money to Loon 90 (Iron. acorn Glue! ' Charlottetown I. A. CABRIWIIERS OPTODIETIIIST PHONE 2872 ' 123 Kent Street (Next to Simpson: Agency) IVIIOI J. llilAilI 0. ll. OPTOMETBIST um llootpstroel PIIONI I'll Adjoining North American Hotel M . Gender 8: l-losnufd , OILBIRT A. onumrr. n A. lob 9 Bu-rloton olul lollollof! Money to Ian Cnoullon llonli of Oommmo Ill! uh-r-omwn n. n. oozuvolo co. 7' "Sm" lihlrhn-cl Accountants 1 :':'f.',';”. "In pornocgnnfowg g ' not w. I - ""' ""'"" Iroulol M. 8-o:.ro,"O. A. ""9. III. (inn Thompson. 0.A. ,, Iutvlllo Tlnii: now um 80' 3' Mu-.DONAl.D. comm: o oo. can rum AClJOIJN'IAN'Ill Monlrul qualms. otluvn, tovootb Iolnl John. lherbrooko. Vuooovu. Imilono Into. Booths luulllog Charlottetown- I-'IMO lilo-. onmmuwo v- e , ,j'o,IopIIIl I 9 if Notes By The Way I5: 3 teaching "takes" or not. is quite a . i