5EPTEMB,_ER 29. 1928
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Y i _ - THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN
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as ‘ “
___ h race el
FREE SCHOOLS
IN P.  ISLAND
Education System Excellently Sup-
ervised. With _(;o{npulso»yAttend-
ance  of Seven and
Thfne.ai‘   ~  _   
(By H. H.lS'lltlu.',  .'S`\1‘lp¢-rilllciidcilt of Education.)
INCE 1877 Prince Edward Island has operated a free school system of
S education under the direction of a provincial, Board of Education,
which consists of the Executlvellolihoil, the Principal of Prince of Wales
college. and the Buperinteilllent of Education.
Attendance at school is c6`ii'lpulsory` between the ages of.seven and
thirteen years. _ . »f_: . 4° ` ~ '
The Province is divided iiith id) school districts, each having an
area of approximately foul' _square vmiles. Each district is governed in
school matters by.h.$§¥';tees.'one _ofwhom  elected annually. The
district must pu,ivlde"t_' .__ ilil'd_lr_ii¢”‘h!id“equipment_ and supplement the
teachers salary by at least ll minimum amountas provided by the Publi”
School Act. according to the cia"s`s oi' license held by the teachel', the bai-
ance of the siilayfy' being provided from provincial revenues.
The Province maintains lol- the training of its teachers the
Prince of Wales College and Normal Byllool. Academic training is given
in this institution .up to’/twp years oltlpiverilty work; while the Normal
School provides trainihg proieibtohal llri'es. I
The teachers aré   Vshcbnd and iii-st  the
lowest class having acadb_ixiis".g\i¢__1lficatiol1s of Grade Eleven. or University
lnatriculation standardj`.'ti§§.,.s§oond class a standard oi one year extra.
and the first of two yea'iԤ'~e5itre. '-
The local supply oil teachers has generally been sufllcient. althouilh
the salaries have at ali'-`tin;ei been'o0mi>l¥B-tlliely l°_‘W-' ' ' ~
In each school _district the work may be carried on by Une °\‘ m°'°
teachers according_to-tlie number of P\1i>_i15» Plllgeven fn me °“°"'°°m
school the course of study extends over ten years of work. and PUPUS
pass from these schools-into-Prince of Wales College, graduates of which
fill the professions at home and many continue their education
in Canadian and foreign universities with great distinction. '
Ag 3 preparatory school for the university Prince of Wales College
has always taken high standing. This is due not] only to the excellence
of the training given there, but also to the splendid material drawn from
me inrgmhomes throughout the Province. Practically everyilstrict con-
tributes students who find their way into the' lal°gér_univ'ersities.
As Prince Edward Island is an agricultural Province, every effort
is made to"encourag_e the study of agriculture both in the schools and
college, Inf the elementary grades nature study is an important part of
the curriculum and develops into agriculture in the higher grades.
' / ` .
` ' Assistance to Schools.
Through/ tho assistance of the Department of Agriculture School
Fairs and various stock clubs have been organized in all rural commun-
ities. ' '
In connection with the schools an active interest in the improve-
ment of ischoolfsurroundings and school furnishinils ms been Cfeawd by
the formation of Women's Institues, which are also subsidized by the De-
partment of Agriculture.
Thehealth education of the pupils is being carefully supervised by
the Cana.di¢n"R.ed'0i'oss Society. The nurses supplied by this organization
working in conjunction with the Women’s Institutes, have done vcry
much towards improving the hygienic conditions of the IJUUUC 5Ch°°l5?
and though country districts are slow to adopt the comforts and im-
provement; provided by modern science, yet, under the stimulus of these
women, a great improvement is being effected.
_A decided impetus in the beautifying or schools has been given by
the Canadian' Horticultural Society, which for several years has given a
silver cup for the ru°ral school accomplishing the greatest beautification
ol its grounds and surroundings. The effect of this on those districts
where the beautiiylrig of schools has taken place is reflected in the im-
provsment- of the conditibn of all the homes in that community-
In addition to the common public school system We hsylitggggj
stan's University, a Roman Catholic institution of high educl; it and from
ing. Students are in residence from all parts of the Prov c X it
neighboring provinces. St. Dunstan’s is attlliaied with Laval Un Sars y.
-- “ ' h CCS
width; grgduates of the former write the examinations for t e CBP
in Arai given hy the latter institution
The P. E. Island
 _Dairy lndustry
sliews icfalifyfns Increase With
a _Most Encouraging Outlook for
the Future.
' ' M if 1 to and
_ . D nspcc r
(Furnished by the _D°”°“`"“_°“° °I.t°°t bgtotclre sunlelrlnwndent that a
r ` Asrlculwm) 'gdniiderably increased number of
DUE chiefly t0 :he ilzxuaiiznte good dairy calves hu* been raised
tum during |1108
” d d ive the not that ‘M1118 the 9”* Y°°'~ AS m” “"8”
CS
summer, an D I i dbvhish
in a low districts in the Provlnesmgivfiiv °f "P" Wm "e
to 'lilo silent lo 'class dlrifv bulls We W* °°“f’°°“°'
h d so
m'm°” ° i ‘ " -I l lr for a pronounced increase
duced their stock of dairy C0'-'19-|13' °° _ ,hes-9
_ in th ield per cow when
and ww i“mf°'m¥';?“¥°  “:,`,:¥¢lllvss°dllvsloo to n~lat_uritv~
lb §lOB3l\'ll 3  __ _ _ _
l _ _
oi both cl-eunery BMW* °l‘°°°°| Eheoarlrlnl l"“¥'“'°-
The Cradle of Canadian Confederation
_ ' l
led" t.
Where Confederation
Was Born
Room in Legislative Building at
Charlottetown, P.E.I., where the
first Conference was held.
Left, Tablet commemorative of the
event.
INSCRIPTION
“Unity is Strength. In the hearts and
mind: of the delegates who assembled in
this room on September ist, 1864, was
born the Dominion of Canada."
“Providence being their guide they
buiided better than they l¢new.’
"'1`bis_tablet is erected on the occasion
of the fiftieth anniversary of the event."
Mural Bronze Commemorating the Fiftieth Anniversary of the Charlottetown Conference. Sept I. 1864.
The fine tablet on the wall of the old Council Chamber at Charlottetown, was placed there in
the year 1914, commemorating the I~‘ii`tieth anniversary of it Conference, which was called for the
purpose of considering a union of the Maritime Provinces. Sir John Macdonald and his col-
leagues heard of the proposed meeting and asked permission to attend. Permission being grant-
ed the statesmen from Canada brought with them the idca of a larger union.
In 1914 it was the intention to hold a celebration in Charlottetown and to unveil the tablet,
as the chief feature of the occasion, but unfortunately the outbreak oi’ the War caused the cancel-
lation of all arrangements.
The tablet is the work of llamllton McCarthy, of Ottawa, a sculptor widely known through-
out the Dominion, some of his work being thc Sir John monument at. the head of University Ave.,
Toronto; a number of monuments on the Hill at Ottawa and the South African monument at
Charlottetown. McCarthy was not commissioned until June lst. 1914, and the tablet was ln posi-
tlon by the 10th of August. ,
The following description will, it it hoped, even in it small measure, convey some of the great
wealth of historic detail to be found in the tablet:-
At the top centre is the Imperial Coat of Arms, superimposed upon the folds of the Union
Jack. The Crests of the uniting Provinces appear in each of thc four corners. Top, left-0n-
tarlo: top right-Quebec; lower right--New Brunswick; lower left- Novo. Scotia; Bottom centre
-thc former conglomerate Coat oi" Arms of Canada, and in the centre of the tablet is the Coat
of Arms oi‘~Princc Edward island-the great oak oi" Britain and the -small  pllng representing the
Colony, under which appears the motto “Purvu sub Ingcllti"-ihereuy indicating an Imperial con-
nection. _
The names of the delegates appear on the ribbon in the margin and a herald ls announcing
the event. The wording is considered exceptionally appropriate. The line reading “Providence
being their guide" is from Milton'§ Paradise Lost, and the words “They builded better than they
knew," from Emerson; writers of the o_ld world and the now, centuries apart. Rt. llon. Macken-
zie King used these words as the text for his Jubilee oratlun, during the celebration on July lst,
last year. l
The five figures on the left of the tablet represent Staiesmcn from the Provinces concerned at
the time of’ thc Conference. Left: Sir John Macdonald, from Ontario; Sir George Cartier, from
Quebec: Sir Leonard Tilley, in the rcntro, from New Brunswick; Colonel John llamllton Gray,
from Prince Edward Island. and Sir Charles Tupper, from Nova Scotia. Tupper was recognized
as the greatest orator oi' the group and is pointing as if saying "Unity is Strength.” The plckaxe
and the fish nearby indicate the great industries of Nova Scotia.
Colonel Gray, the second figure from the right, holds the Roman symbol nf unity-the
Facis. four slaves bound together; four Provinces united through the medium gf me (yunfnence
of which Gray was Chairman.
ln the centre, Sir Leonard Tilley is holding :i scroll bearing the word “DominIon,” :ts glow,-d-
ing to tradition, he it was who. after reading the Scriptures, quoted, “Thy Dominion sh," exam;
from sea to sea." This was at the time of the drafting oi’ the British North America Act, when
there was some doubt as to what name to givc thc new Union. Sir Leonard was staying at the
Westminster llotel in London, \v here the delegates from Canada held their meetings during the
drafting and passing of thc Act.
Cartier, thc second figure from the lofi, holds the torch and the sword oi’ Justice, thereby
Indicating that at the time of the conquest the French were permitted to retain their law.
Sir John holds ilu-fsylnbol oi' Medicine, and ni. his feet there ls it scythe, a sheaf of wheat
and a locomotive.
The excellence of the sculptor's work has been the subject nf mucll praise, and ii. is hoped
that the "Confederation Room" at (fharluticioivil will us time passes become known throughout
the length and llrezidth of the Dominion.
The table around which thc deli-giiiais sat is o treasured possession, and is of great Interest
to large numbers of visitors who annually visit this historic site.
There ls :L something about tho Chamber that carries the vlsltor io :L hilltop, from whgncg
hc views with admiration thc work of those fur-seeing Staicsmen. who “bullded better than they
knew," and one looks forward with courage io the future toward that destiny, the attainment of
which is so near and dear to the hearts of all Canadians.
the finest flavored lamb in the
world, can be had in season. The
numerous hotels and private rural
residences which cater to the tour-
ist traiiic have a high reputation
for cleanliness and comfort. There
are several fine bathing beaches on
the Island, and the summer hotels
in these places are widely patron-
ized..
Opportunities for Settlers.
Prince Edward Island also offers
splendid advantages to settlers of
the right kind. It is eminently
adapted to dairying, poultry and
hog raising, and market garden-
ing. Well organired co-operative
societies afford a channel for the
remunerative sale oi’ Island pro-
ducts. Among these the Potato
Growers’ Association and the Co-
operative Egg and Poultry Associa-
tion are outstanding. Our products
have acquired a high reputation at
home and abroad. and our market-
ing opportunities are developing
every year.
The class of settlers most needed
in Prince lildward,1sland.are those
with from £1,000 to £3;000 of ready
capital to invest in farming land.
_stock and machinery. There are op-
portunities for purchasing splendid
‘farms at moderate prices. Encour-
agement and assistance is given by
the Dominion Department of Agri-
culture as well as by our own pro-
minent fnrmers, whose cordial co-
operation and advice is of great
value to beginners.
Another attraction for settlers
with some capital to invest is the
silver black fox industry. The ranch-
ing of these animals has become one
of the most important activities of
the Province, and it has proved a
lucrative side-line to the general
farmer aswellastothe larger ran-
chers who annually ship to the Lon.
don and Montreal markets pelts va-
lued at many thousands of dollars.
Fine Camping Slug,
Almost anywhere throughout the
Island the motorist will find ga¢_i5_
file'/Dry camping sites, within easy
‘each Of Pure drinking water and
farms where fresh food supplies can
be purchased. The motor tramc to
the Province _this year has greatly
increased, and this feature of the
tourist trains is a hopeful indica-
tion. We have suffered to a consider-
able extent in the past on amount
of our isolation as an Island pro-
vince, but modern transportation
facilities are overcoming these
drawbacks and the future of Prince
Edward Island, commercially and
otherwise, is a promising one. Every
advance in transportation methods
means additional benefits to, our
population, and especially is thissn
with respect to the shipment of our
various agricultural products,
 _
epic in the realm of scientific
achievement. It reveals a. story of
almost half a. century of patient hu;
determined effort. replete with dis-
c°Ul`98£*l`fi0nt and disappolpmnents
but rewarded ultimately by definite
and iridisputable gains.
In 1914 Garnet wheat was in-
cluded in the regular variety test-
plots at the Experimental Farm. In
1919 it was tested at the Ellpe,-,_
mental Famis .in the Prairie Pro-
vinces. In 1925 the Brunch Farms
were able to sow 320 a/crm from
which #was produced about 9,700
bushels. In 1026. some 6,954 bushels
of G-arnet, seed were offered to
thc consumption of fluid ulilk the West Indies, where pure bred ditions generally foundlto bewex.
and crcomery butter, largclv cnlirto cattle had never bcfore been used. Cement The newer WUHIYS. Reward
the continued ilnprovelncxit. .li In view of these new mmlcctswe and Garnet' me hmdlng me “We“`
quality of thc latter. and to tint
' '- e 67 farmers -are this year
vcry rapidly incrcnsod conslllriatioll should raise all the dairy hclfors testing Reward wheat. The variety
of dairy products among the .’.s\~l- that hc can properly devolnllwiilis 15 Yelwrbed to have done well. though
tic races and those of thu S-mill
_ _ t. t bee lied. Mr. N
American republics, there ls all ln-\ ?__._,>______ gtgmyde thatnt;°1':::l bee imewmglg
n possi
insistent demand for the best ~
feel that every Maritime fo"nlor- uosnomof To westem growers'
1-m.m_ 'actual figures on yield. etc.. have
NEW WHEATS to determine anything definite with
quality of pure bred hoifcrs. Scv-l ____ regard ionthis variety's rust. resist-
h d tl h b n shipped (`arnrt'h Increasing Po ularit ani "3 qw* es bevause there WHS Dl’°P°l'l~l°'n °f
lI°:_`;]n 535;; mir; °f°';hnm from l ,l",cn,,,,_nce mba” J Expefmmi prooticlllly no rust in Manitoba. and season serious
ia| Farm gc|¢,,¢|§¢s very little elsewhere
the Maritime Provinces to Tliliiclnd i 4 Particularly goodare the report on ture wheat, but
and other islands of-the West In-I .M,._ L_ H_ Newman, Dominion Cer- Ghgrnetf wlikeat, one ci; thelorigina- ed its ability to
.. d ro as hmdhelr- enlist of thc Experimental Pam. L 11 0 0 EY-Del' vote Farm- frost. It usually
dm An ‘fr mu rrncetxia by b,.,.,¢,l_' has just returned from an extensive' Writinz GH the Subject of this re- two before Ruby 6 to Bi/8
“rs Ynsulccen 'vm , Pmvl '_ ' fa tour of Westem Canada. During markable wheat c-:iriy last year. the mio-ld of '.V~.\rquis and 3 or 4 days
r ..
will show a srat_if§9lm1“;”;“;;
With the satisfactory f- V
price for both ti\a§°"““`9
returns to our farliiatl  ll`{°‘f&.|F
increase of many  W- 51'
lei-s over those for ll-Ill 10"- '. _.Y
roi- im the netvpiiie- 01 W*
dairy iifoducts of  _ ‘ 
in the mu of 0 . »-yi > _ulllllkfl
mlm. me in me _ al»¢|°_ _
W|4»*¥- _ ’ »-” _ »
in this rezlrdztiff ~"' " 2:”
to new that not ls" °
tempting _oflerl Q. _ JP* “H
clubs of 'Iliff °,_._.)¢._ “"3”
bimrl #hd tl*  I °‘ ‘“fl¥Y<
l I-\‘._
i.“‘..'.‘;'...°”...a“°°‘*“-*“ P
you-.duenhieily Wi .~"" '
and loading   'll
poorer individuals. 1;. `lԤ,.-,-_i4".,__`,,~'
production per coil., 5. ._ '-
Fi*
made up for the lou ' 
ber exported. It is also encourag-
with the splendid prices n°W "S “ ‘° M“ "‘° "~'°" ' - the trip practically every wht-at Dominion cel-enlist stated the his- before Reward. 'riils variety has also
'available for good dairy °°ws `° ° Shipment to one of the islands ol growing args, was visited, and con- tory of Gomet wheat is almost. an iv-haved well under drought con-
ikmgfld which has every indication
|91 being permanent-and with thc
very prodtible prices now current
gl-ggginjly no in the iuturo. as the
keen diinantl which now exists will
provide n profitable markef for all
surplus dairy heifr-rs which ran bc
 possible _with  anim-
 fisgmo yém for hoes; for
_ . il-y it extends over a period
gf gcggfffiben or sixteen years.
Gonsidering the continued lncarase
mewnirelpgimnnxigs _ _  
\. . -
f&rnil"'livilloonttrnis to bein- ~r--- ”
l '11-xero' iii'_a'cycls' in the rise andl
' of   of any :lass oi,
“_ Meg, glhis, aus to the rspidi
___ l ditions. -
PRINCE OF WALES COLLEGE
country. This year Clerxti t
i cut there on A\!8us s
|!V§fy°* moul' 'I ~ < -~-- » “T5” mm “dmwed In me
V _._._  ..._-__<_,-_  _-;»l,‘~.~1\'."3;f.e»'._'--~"-- River (_1\8tl'lCt than
ui,-y cattle popuiatlan. This sys- ",’_":-. _ I  ,~ ,mi ,mmm the
un-l oi in-ming which in the past _ ~    _ __ seen there.
_ _  ill., . _ _ W5"
_ans proved profitable to om- island _,,,-,~'~f';,»~ _ ,o;._ l.li+._‘_ driving through
'“`* _ _V ...ami-_ ' ~
Prairie ianmérs with a. 4 bushel
limit. Some 2,826 liarmels, includ-
ing 882 soldier settlers. secured 2 to
4 bushels lots and this together with
seed from increasing test samples
by two or three _seed growers made
a grand total of some 14,000 bushelsw
or enough to seéd 12,000 acres. '
This year Garnet wheat ob-‘
served in all parts of the Tho]
section east of’ Prince and.
north of Tlsdale is al
Gamet country. It is
urlng variety,
on August 22
In 1903 is was reported Whffill
would never grow in the Peace River
was be-
section of the Peace
22nd. were able 00
varieties of wheat. and of
 dbrnet. 7 Msriwlb- 5
Turkey Red. 1 Ruby. and 1
'rilis inuiosws the was in
Gamer what is epfddlnl in
"°"" it 1§‘..°"" °.‘.f.‘.’i.”’.".{‘.‘
no .
Engl: the Experimental Bn"
Bl-mail oi the Dominion Derm-
nlmc of Asrisulwfv mul \’° °""‘""'
an epoch makin: contribut-
n agriculture.
.._--<o>---
Radlo lectures `
autalii mlm an “led in
English schools in _ nnection _
§2
2%
l _ ’ -1, . |»-
. .R ..... .
. ` .., s’-( ' '_ »
* . _- *' t»j'§lf=.\ __-my l. ,»,`.
A- 1 W `_`__` ` .6 ,V _ _._ _ __ 
.
Own Paradise ‘
`pRINCE EDWARD ISLAND
Wie Tourists  i . .
Potato Insdueti
on the Incfi
<c¢nilnn¢a mln page 9) " "
_hmmm V ‘
Climate and'Soil  fdl
Growing--Output of Seed i
for 1927 Was 1,25o,ooo*B
(fly _/_ l-V. /inn//rr, .S`l'i'ri'/ary /’. /:`_ [_ l’0iilin (.`rll1or‘r.r`
quality of potatoes in America This is due partly to
tile, free from stones, and of sandy loam formation.-which
adaptable to the growing of this crop; and also to clima
which are such that thc potato comes to maturity quickly
a peculiarly fine flavor. » .- _
This Province did not always have the reputation it
lor E00d quality of potatoes, although it has been producing
ill great quantities for many years. It was not until the Di
sion of Botany, through its plant pathologist, sought for
from disease that Prince Edward Island was discovered ii
necessary conditions under which disease-
ed. With careful supervision the farmers began growing
would certify under the regulations laid down by the Depa
m a very small beginning in 1918 the interest ln
kets were obtained, and the product gave such entire satisi
growers in countries which must of necessity import seed,
pansion of the market area was very marked. Notwithstan
that the growing and grading of certified seed requires gi
attention, it proved remunerative to our farmers because of
value of the product.
This work was encouraged through the organization 4
erative Potato Growers' Association, through whose effort
was advertised, demonstrations conducted and tl
kets were yearly opened.
So great was this dcvelo
to this the market for table stuck potatoes has greatly in
quality is such that in almost every market it premium Ls
Edward Island seed ovcl' that of any other potatoes.
The acreage of potatoes this year is practically 52,0
acres of which are for certlflc
by Federal Inspectors.
The possibility of making Prince Edward Island a r
for the eradication of constitutional potato diseases as it no
ed area for the eradication of bovine tuberculosis is now
our Dominion pathologists.
Prince Edward Island
Fathers of Confedefatig
- 1
(1) co|.,in¢ nsn.1oHN HM
President Executive Ca
(2) l-len. GEORGE
' K.P.P., P.l.
(J) lion. EDWARD
Attorney General
(4) Hen.A. A.
UZLJI., P.
u; nn. rilgrfrg:
"°- .-ser.

:ft-
7 -l
 -_ _ -_ "Yf_;"Y._;
has the reputation of produc
" i
l
free potatoes con
r
pment that from a few cars
1920 the business progressed until in 1927 over 1,250,000 bi
titled seed were sent out of the Province for seed purposes
pi
0(
ation, and thus subject to fi:
vi