` - *MAX 22» 1915" ` " one onsnnorrsrowu GUARDIAN
0
Y
q 4
~°¢
T Ns,
g you T _ _ A I N
---"-- ‘ V `-£1# » ,__- ' ...__ .If 1 '_ ' -- V *__
For Parents, Teachers, Puplls.,
9
T0 THE FA1\MER
_'_'/I _
" i ‘W #lid others interested
 to contribute to The Ford:
- Dllfyf ,The Turf, and Good
M denmments or tho ouoraish
3 , 9|' by figeltion, correspondence or
grwlse. nswers will be given by
"fl 'U lu Qileltlons 0! general
is Mt and some wlu he given ic,
an - _ articles that will in any way
t.,  P"-» E---M 1-
C0_atrlbutors are ked
their articles at this edifice eatgly gigs
7991*- _ I! Only a short emergency
itillll oanrbe handled as late ss one
thiéuil Wednesday. All received after
Ol" t
Awww! wages swear until tho
__ WWW#-Q?
THE sifllboi
AND -
p THE Home
Contributio f thi d t _
should_he add:-zlssednto B em" me,"
President Teacher's Association,
Guardian's School and Home,
P. O. Box 188 Charlottetown.
...__i_____
‘ wonrws lrlsrllunls §
. ' »:l<+>IQ
Queries and Contributions for this
department should be addressed to
Mrs. A. E. Dunbrack,
P. O. Box 123
Charlottetown.
' Ques. Why should scrubbing brush-
es be left standing on their bristles
after they have been used? X.Y.Z.
Ans. The moisture from the brush
soaks into the wood if left standing
with the bristles up. The wood for
this reason is apt to decay much soon-
er than the bristles are worn out.
FIGHTING THE FLY.
\, (By Miss A. M. Macfarlalle)
This is the time of the year when
efforts to fight the ily should begin; a
little later than this is apt to be too
late to take those most valuable of
lil measures-preventive measures.
There is a belief among some peo-
ple that flies are uscful because they
feed on wastes. No grnter mistake
could be made. Files light on and
wilk over all manner of unclean mat-
ter, and then spread germs and un-
cleanlines! over dishes, food and
milk vessels etc. They may come to
our faces straight from feeding on the
sputum of a consumptive or wastes of |
a typhoid, patient. They may ily dir-
ectly from some one who has sore
eyes to our hands or faces, or to the
hands and faces of a little baby that
cannot defend itself. There is nothing
more dangerous or more unclean than
to live among a swarm of flies. There
is perhaps no disease carrier more
guilty than the fly, and certainly
there are few diseases more serious
than those carried by flies. These
diseases number typhoid fever, chole-
ra infantum, scarlet rever, tuberculos-
is, erysipelas etc. Almost any kind of
germ may be carried by the fly. Not
only do they carry germs on their feet
but when a fly feeds on matter that
contains these germs, the germs are
found on matter that comes from its
nlimentary canal, and then these -
germs are spread abroadl In one fly
speck alone as many as one thousand
germs have been found. Thcreforc
now, when first g the windows and
doors are wide open during the day-
time, precautions should be taken not
poly against the multiplication of
lies, but also-against the entrance
into the house of flies already in ex-
istence. There are many such pre-
cautions, perhaps the best-- as well
as one most generally disregardedi-
is the keeping of all foods., and all re-
fuse of discarded bits of food closely
covered. Any housekeeper can
(lille precaution and every housekeep-
er should take them.
'.Tllere is no place where a house-
'eeper has a better opportunity to
B ow her good housekeeping than In
t_ e appearance of the rear of the
lfouse. An unsightly collection of
Mila, baskets and above all an untidy
garbage receptacle will spoil the
appearance of any back yard no mat-
ter how attractive it may otherwise
bs, and also ,will favor the breeding of
flies. A good plan is to have a box
made large enough to hold the gar-
bage can and any other receptacle it
has been found necessary to keep. a-
bout. The box should have a good
ed cover, but needs no bottom
d should stand directly on the
_ nd. Have some holes bored in
‘oh side for ventillation, and over
ess on the Inside wire netting
slroilld be tacked. Have the box paint-
ed the color of the house and it will
be quite unnoticeable. If the zarbgge
receptaol Ili kept clean and cove d
there cal? be no opportunity for the
breeding of the much detested fly.
Another important ‘preventive mea-
sure against the bree ing of files is
care in keeping _tho stable fresh and
clean. This is a gecaution that every
msn owning a s ble can and should
take. The egg of the house 1% is laid
in manulre a\boutistnbles,tll'l‘n. Mtg?-
age, or n ecay ill V080 ~
In a day or less the egg hatched into
a smsll nlassot, which in the nine or _
ten days from the time the sat- was
laid changes into an adult fly. If the
breeding place of flies is left undis-
turbed they will hatch faster than it
is -possible to kill them.
Under ordinary conditions it is not
expensive to remove the ordinary
breeding place of flies or mosquitoes
in a town, and no money that a town!
can spend will psy better either bil;
dollars and cents, or in 'tile -com
that`wil1»ooms to the inhabitants.
than monmthatisspsnttorrsestosrn
from thsss sets. A town cutcen
pam 'qos all the maerfn
»hl¢°llx\u¢ sms. me on motor can
be aol ' `foi* fertiliser for almost
..‘..°i.':1l:.f.;” V - ~
"W9 ¢°“lfl My ‘ln our town you
will not be bothered by mosquitoes
911011811 to Day for the expense of on
|'°m°Vll\8 ll slillpose a board 0! Ill
reading and spelling lessons
The customs of April Fool’s Da
Perhaps some new word introduced sometimes give trouble in the school
for about ten minutes each day, To welcome the procession of the quantity, cripples cannot be avoided
d altogether apart from the regular flowers "-Long fellow
and neither you nor any member f in
the days reading lesson would fur room. Where this is likely to be the
your family will have malaria. You niah the base for a whole group of case, be beforehand with the child-
Wm “°¢ be llllwyed by flies, and you W0l‘fi!- ren by a little talk about practical
Heed not fear that while you are
l°0lflll8 the other wa a fl ou
For instance the -ick family grew joking and the dangers of unkindness,
t of the sentence "MayI ick ou?" rudene and sometimes real ain or
y y will leave ., li y BB. D
lyvhoid germs on your plate," ,pick being e. new word to the class. injury. Put them on their mettle
Would not a board of trade that Similarly, the word "best" in. "She to play no trick that is-unkind. Any
could truthfully say this about its likes you best of all the flowers," sug- one can make up a silly story, or
town have some facts to present that gested: unkind deceit. but it takes some
cleverness to make a. pleasant and
would interest persons who are seek-
|118 new homes or summer resorts. Is
get this one ofthe vital questions
het the city or Charlottetown should
look into at the present time?
Both men and women should point
out to children the dangers attendant
uponrcarelessness in regard to flies.
and should enlist their help in iight/
U18 the pest. Begin NOW not only
as l!1fllVld\\9.l8. but as families, as
Srvurs to ilsht the fly. Thercby the
danger that you will be in of needing
to light the diseases carried by flies
will be immeasurably lessened.
____
3PELL|NGw_WlTH
THE BEGINNERS
(BY Ethel J. COB9i!.¢ in Educational
Reviewl
The writer of this article found her-
self not long since, in charge of 9, lit.
tie miscellaneous country school in a
remote section, where a long succes-
sion of untrained teachers had de-
Drlved the children of the helpof mod-
,ern methods in acquiring the art of
reading and spelling.
- Mlmy of the children were not of
English parentage. and to them the
letters of the alphabet had apparently
no connection whatever with the
ggunds of the words which they spell-
This was seen as far as grade IV.,
but of course more markedly in the
younger grades, to whom the letters
r-e-d, would as likely spell blue or
green ‘as the word to which they are
generally conceded.
Work was begun with the youngest
class. These children knew the names
of the letters, and without any parti-
cular phonetic drill they were started
at word building.
One of them knew that a-t, spelled
at. With this word as a foundation,
they were given the following list,
which they were taught to spell and
pronounce distinctly, the class being
drilled individually and collectively.
-at f-at s-at,
b-at hlat t,-at
c-at m-at v'-at
As far as possible, little drawings,
placed beside these words on the
blackboard, helped the children to re-
member the pronounciation, and
words and drawings were copied as
desk-work.
W'llen this list was mastered, which
WHS Very soon they were introduced
to the a-n family with drill as in pre-
ceding list.
-an s-an p-an
b-an 1-an r-an
0-an m-an t-an
The -ad family followed as:
-ad l-ad m-ad
b-ad h-ad p-ad
b-ad f-ad _ s-ad
Others
as :
-en
b-in
d-in
followed in swift succession
f-in
k-in
p-in
t-in
s-in
w~in
-it
b-it
i'-it
_ _.
5:’-.iz
_...
§=.='=.'
=.--rr:
T-ed
f-ed
n-ed
r-ed
w-ed
-ed
b-ed
l-ed
f-en
h-en
m-on
-en
b-en
d-en
D-Bn
b-en
nny surprise. If the teacher can il-
strate this by Inventing a _.pleas-
ass, so much the better. This meth-
-est n-est w-est fu
b-est p-est ch-est lu
9-est 1'-est quqest ant little April Fool surprise for the
l-est t-est z-est cl
o
One advantage of this method of B
word drill is that a teacher needs no it
Normal College training in order to
carry it out successfully, and a young w
teacher with little or no knowledge of t
phonetics may see great improvement t
in her classes through its use. “I
Ntithtadi ll idt h -T
ow s n nga sa otecon
ary, the great majority of words t
avg! a strong suggestion of then t
i I E
d is better than a solemn lecture.
ut if the custom is in abeyance, let
stay there.
Last month we told how to find
hen Easter comes. Last December
he writer heard two men discussing
h
e date of Christmas Day. One said:
t comes about the 24th or 25th."
he other said: "I think it’s the 25th
is year.”' Children should be taught
at while Christmas is a fixed day,
aster is what is called a movable
oon. They should also know, as
istorical facts, why Good Friday and
tr h
h h
e ng n their pronunc ation, and
ontinued word drills enthuslastical- f ast, and its date is regulated by the
carried on, will work wonders with m
e most unpromislng classes. lé
sn
C 8
ly
th
8
aster Day -are kept, and that they
ve been kept from very ancient
mes. The word Easter is found only
H nce in the New Testament. Where is
it
W
?
The observance of Flag Day in dif-
erent places rouses special interest
the flags of our Allies. The French
colour of red, white and blue in
T tripes running vertically, i. e. par-
h
t
INTS FOR MARCH AND APRIL .2
ith the spring months comes rest-
lessness. f
“When that Aprillo with his schowres 1
swoote t
he drought of March hath perced to 5
the roote.
ullel to the stall, is a combination of
he colours of the city of Paris-red
T rhl blue-and the whlto nog of the
ourbons, and it has been used since
n
ri
t
hen longen folk to gon on pilgrim- a
ages."
Wr0i0 Cha\lC0r five hllndrell the beginning of the Frencch Revolu-
ears ago, and it is still true When
on. The Russian flag flown by mer-
Y - tl
t chant shi s shows the same colours
t do ,-
9- - at right angles to the stall, 1
u
B
So
he brooks begin to run and we get p
he smell of earth, we want to unning in stripes horizontally, i. e.
nd see something different and in dif-
In the scchoolroom this spring fecl- f
ng shows itself in fidgets and slack
ess about work. and yet it is just
t this time that the teacher begins
ali h h h t t
erent order. Wllite at _the top, ll 0.
ed. The Russian enslgn has a blue
t. Andrew’s cross on a white field.
i ' - ,-
n
8 ‘ The Belgian merchant flag is like the
to
rench tricolour, but with a yellow
tripe where France has white, and
Y
arms in the yellow stripe oi’ the tri-
colour. Servia/s tricolour is likf-J
s run hori-
ussia’s i. e., U-he Stripe
in
S
re ze ow muc as ye o is
be done, how little time of the school 5
year remains. and that every minute tho no al Standard has the royal
must be made to count.
Z
Do not repress the fidgets too stern-
y, but try to give the restlessness a.
ent in frequent marches and simple
h sical rcise itll lent f
ontally, but red at the top, blue
he middle. Montenegrofs is the same
ith n. crown in the blue stripe. The
I R
V
D y 6X9 B W D Y 0 t
fresh air in the room; alld give what
relief from monotony you can without og of Japan that wc soc here ls the
e lectin re ular work. A very
w
fi
ttle variety means a great deal to a ire of a white field. The Japanese
g g g merchant flag, a red disc in the celi-
E »
n
li
child. A- chan e of seat a rearrange- I,
ment of the time-table, a new plant
or picture in the room, changes in the
opening exercises, in the order or
manner of dismissal, or of forming
classes, or going to seats-any of
these add a little interest and fresh-
Fiiiili
oval flag adds red rays to the disc.
/
This is more especially seen in the
l8rSB breeds. such as the Aylesburys
We find fish meal which also contains
a large amount of fish bone, the best
thin to re t it t I
and the necessary salts to grow the
bone, but is easily digegsted. `,‘
in the current issue of “Farm and 
Fireside," the national farm paper
trap-neat. Others claim that the best
ance of hens. One of the contributors
out a good egg-laying hen
5 ll ven . as no on y con-
tains the proteida for forming flesh FARMER si-|0u|_p p|_AN
To PICK OUT THE GOOD LAYER8 Orin order to appreciate the full value so
the
straw baled and sold both to
gether, fail to make oats growing very
  profitable
    .Da;1’ymen. Farmers Horsemen
An invisible government controls us
Now F°R A 9"-°- -the minute organisms, the germs,
'“"*" microbes. and bacilli. that enter into
a corn crop the farmer must feed of
many of the processes of life and
physical nature. Knowledge ' of
~\f¢»¢;

is crop as sllage. A sixty bushel this
op of corn fed as sllage ls worth as of
world of invisible life is the aim
to this practical and suggestive dis- 2;
cussion tells- as follows how to pick ke
“Practically sill 200-ess l hens are $1
very long-bodie birds, d thi I t
should be remembered_ an B pon conditions warrant, build a silo or a an
"select tho hlra which has length ““’“l’" °f' “"°S» *1'=¢°f‘1i"S 1° his tic
the department of microbiology
published at springneld’ Om I much as one hundred bushels of corn -the study of the life of microscopic
a very interesting dlscussignaggearg fied In the usual way. in other words, organisms.
egg_myms strain is by the use of the ah out 40 per cent of the food value oi' We need a knowledge of microbioli-
‘3 90"* CWD is in the corn stalks gy, thinks Dr. Charles E. Marshall,
meiimd of gelgciion is by me appear, when fed BB Silage. director of the graduate school and.
Every farm 011 which ally Humber head of the department of microbio-
eps a number of cattle to study the bu
o, an then, as soon as tconomic pe
cattle is feed should have a silo. ligy in the Massachusetts agricul-
9 1`eC0mm0"fl 0V€I’y fl1l‘l110r who ,tural college, not onl for ersonal
Y D
t also for business and public res.-
lvantages and disadvantages of the sons. Microlliologv is important in
rsonal hygielle in sanitary
d public health, and in tho rpac
e of agrZ<'lllt'l.~e. its great impor-
and depth of body, large red combs, needs' The “"0 Will Illalfr $60 Wvrlil tance In a grimitllre arises from the
f °°"" feed “B much S1001( HH $100 for-t that so many soil and plant ac-
bright eye and erect carriage, which is 0
method the writer on this plan once
The first 28 birds were selected chief-
ly for color. The other 49 were select- a
move about, general health and 5
outlaid the culls by 63 per cent. They
kept the speed up day after day until f
the writer became satisfied that the f
ers. and that this method was O. l
K__.
body. 9-
, _
feed. _ I)
falfa take the place oi’ 40 to 50 p
may to the ‘eedmg trough and last to worth fed before. Not only this, the Living.: are lngely nlir.l'.a.rli-gicill
¢_he'm0Bt_ silo will make 10 acres of good corn
...ro indicate the worth of the above w;hen supplemented witll clover or m
a
!\lf.~'ern dail\' operation is based al-
ost entirely on bactericlogy .lu food.
_ reservation the drying, and canning
selected '17 breeders from 130 birds. "°*`°° °f Pesfllfe for wills- Nona other processes of preservation
The idairynlan was the llrst to fully "foods, is a matter of bacteriological
pprec ate the Value °f Bllaile High' colltrol, and decomposition a matter 0!
ed chiefly for the desire to work and Dricad mill feeds and dry seasons with its
lack. Fermentation of bread, vine-
hort pastures took from his hard ` ga,-r an ,image is begun by mi¢|-00;-._
lo, however, is not the entire solu- 1?,-
ion_ Silnge represents one killil of
Strength, moderate size and length of Wfirk l-l‘0ff}“i“ll;1;“ri>5lf1 °l' Umm- Wllll gunisms. Purity of water supply,
,, ‘era ° mm to Z0 WWE- U' Slllull lllenlthful disposal of sewerage, and
The 'I7 selected hens were separat- 5110 Will filmlfill 3 1100*! S“"‘f“ll’"l 10911 lmany other matters of daily impor-
ed from the others, and the first day ‘l;1Flil£'§ b0lll Suillmef “iid Wll\ll‘\`- Tile t lice involve a. knowledge of germ
B _
e.
So fundcmelltai does Dr. Marshall
eed such as corll, and must be lmlzlluz- regard the subject that he would have
ay, alfalfa llay, or some otllel protein du
selected birds were really better lay. ed with a protein feed such ns clover every smdem take at least an mu.o_
clory course ill microbiology. Tile
resent regular courses are outlined to
.____.___________
*H$@ 
Tile sllo howcvcr, has been found - » ~
' _ provide both llltrodllctury and special
no less valuable for the llcel’ produier work' and mmm um being considered
f THE MARKETS
5', I Ei, I
TORONTO, MAY 12
fa < - - - - ‘ -_
` tion for making cheap beef. On tho on
Butter Market other llallli, if there are no objcctiolls at
to rl long feeding period, and vorll is le
Farmers’ Creamer hi
eed on hand early in tho full when an
cattle can often be brought to good in
  “dV‘"'mg°~ Will* 500” “Om S0330-
strow, sottollsced meal and corn, the cultural needs, that is my hope’-. said
"hen_f°"lhE duiryman' It m“l“"S iF for the illtrodllciloll of elementary
fmsslble to have 8' large "~"“’“"l- of sanitary scicllce, dairy becteriology,
fl the like, ill increasing the amounts
the short courses.
“To adapt lllicrobology to all agri-
rmer has ‘lt l“‘“‘l 3' "helm “""b"’°* Dr. Marshall. “lt has been realized
gil priced, feed the first. 00 or 120
ays silage, alfalfa or clover and cot-
ce. I should like to realize it now
Massachusetts agricultural col-
ge.
This week  _ ....28
Last week..._  ....28
Two weeks ago.. ......29
Same week 1914.. ._ ..22
1913....   .....25
1912..   ._ ....22
1911 . . . . . .
..  ......19
31
_ 32
22%
26
, 24
21
Cheese Market V
Top Price at
Local Boards
This week _ . . . _ . . . . .
_ _ . . _ .18 1-2
y
Separator Prints d
31
ness. We have been in schoolrooms
where the Christmas decorations were
ame drawings or stencilings stayed
 
g POULTRY 2
GOOD EGGS ON LY.
Lastwoek....  .. _ ....17 3-16 -d
the cattle should revolve corn, wllil-ll
may be ground or sill-lied, and fell
, tute for the lluy. Many colllllillutious 1,
are possible, and market prions of p
best thing to do.-l’rofcs.sor W. G. I,
Eckllardt, Illinois. 0
C
OATS SHOULD Bl: FED TO STOCK.
rollg so far as the entire oats crop l
concerned says a writcr ill the “Iu- 1
ton seed or oil lncal; the no-xt 90 days HOW TC MAKE BORDEAUX SPRAY
Bordeaux is one of the best known
with the silage, and straw as a substi- fungous 51,,-,,_,~s_ It is made by wm.
illillg four pounds each of copper slll-
hato and fresh stone lime and adding
feed and Cattle will determine the fifty ganons of ,yawn The copper sul,
hate should llc dissolved ill hot water
r fronl a coarse hug suspended in
old water. lil another reileptaclo
slakc the lime slowly and then flllute
“W” to about 20 gallons, adding to this
I believe the modern method of 113,11- ililuietl solution the copper 1-.ulpllaie
same week 1914__H l __ _.12 1146 wling and feeding is imdoubtodly‘solution which has also been diluted
1s13............ .....121-2 is
o about 20 gallons, stirring thc mix-
ure with the union is being znade.
still in place in June, and where the GOOD CH|cK3 FROM
o
s
n the board the year round, betcken-
ing a lack of interest on the part of
tie change _in the room. to greet the ,
The normal egg is one weighing a-
tho teacher. Have some pleasant lit- gflllf- two 0011095. With 9- 51110991 Bm"
ce, and oval shape. The fresher the
children after the Easier holidays, if egg. the more suitable It is f°f i“°“§“'
not befoi-e_ tion. As eggs become old and gems e-
Revlews of the work through the 001116 Weak- F01’ all lJl‘H»CllCHl PUFDOB-
winter may be made interesting by es the eggs may be held 1°' lW° Weeks
different devices. Wllere a class is and will still hatch-well.
weak at some particular point in ari-
Eggs kept from hatching should not
thmetic, spelling or grammar, for ibe 0-*P05911 ¢° elm" extreme heal' 0"
- e
instance, invent or adopt some stimu
xtreme cold. The best temperature
latlhg little competition, and oiror o ln which-to keep esss fm' iHC“bHll°“
trifling reward, such as half an hour’s is
story-reading, a new game taught at
recess, or dismissal of the class a few if
from 40 to -50 degrees occasionally.
Poultrymen would save a great deal
they would test their eggs before
minutes earlier, . putting them under a hen or in an in-
Colds are so common in spring that cubator, and take out all eggs which
a morning talk might be given on their ‘would not tproduce B00d Chick’-*~
prevention and cure, and on good Every SEE Wl1lCh ‘l°€5 “Ut P\'°d“°° a
manners in connection with coughing, chick is loss.
sneezing and use of a pocket hand-
kerchief. Children always long to f
it is not inferred. however, that in
e s ma be selected out of
ertile gg y
leave off heavy winter clothing, so those to be incubated. There is no
discuss the old sayings: knowll method, except by incubation
Till April"s dead, change not a of determining whether an egg is fer-
tbread. til
Ne’er cast a clout, till May is out.
Talks about spring should be kept
as closel as osslble to the children’s
e orinvertlle. _
HEARING DUCKLINGS
-ot
d-ot
g-ot
-un
b-un
d-un
lx-ot
J-ot
l-ot
n-un
p-un
r-un
n-ot
p-ot
tot
B'llIl
l-lin
“ll
y P
own observations. Ask the country
children who saw or heard the great-
est number of signs of spring on their
way to school. What are the spring
smells? Spring occupations? Spring
games?
So many suggestions for seasonable
_Although the rearing of ducklings is
very simple, as far as merely keeping
them alive goes, yet it repays study.
When the conditions are of the most
favorable, and the foods balalwed S0
as to meet the requirements of growth
1911..., . . . . . .
 ....111-2
Egg Mmrket »
New-Laid
Thisweek 20
Lastweek . . _ . . .
._ . 
Twoweeks ago.... ._ 
-Sameweek1914.... .  .
1913....  ._ _ 
1912.... . _ . .. 22
1911... . . . .
..    17%
Graln Market
20
20
21
19
Fall
Wheat Oats
This Week.... ._ . _.$1.50 .67
Last Week  . . . .
__ 1.40 .65
Two weeks ago.... ..1.40
Same week 1914.... ._ 1.03
1913.... ....   98
1912...    1.05 .52
1911...  __ ._ ._ .84 42
Cattle Market
-is
40
Top price for
Beef Cattle
This week _ . . _ . . . .
 .... ..$8.60
Last week.... ._ ......8.25
Two weeks ago_... _. _ ._...8.25
Sameweek191'4   8.45
1913.... ._..7.15
1912..  ._ .  _  7.75
1911...     6.00
1912....  ._ . . ....13 5-8 d
5.
With these lists 'they had got all of
the short vowel sounds, and most of
the consonants. They were encour-
aged to listen for certain letters in
words, and when they could spell a
new word for themselves, which they
could soon readily do, they were very
proud.
The sounds of some*'- of the letters
were especially noticed, such as the
roa.r of r. the hiss of s, and the pant-
ing of h, but for the most part the
sounds were left for their care to de-
tect.
While the younger class was strug-
gling with beginnings, the older
grades became interested, and re-
quests for permission to make the p-t
or the a-n family became quite fre-
quent, each child trylng to find the
most words in any certain family.till
a marked improvement in spelling
was noticed in all grades.
nature-study are offered in the Educa- and of subsequent fattening, the profit
tional Review that we need only refer.
to them here. The following refer-‘th
ences in literature might be studied:
1. Else had the spring an
Perpetual smiled on earth with ver-
nant flowers, er
Equal in days and nights."-Milton ke
2. The uncertain glory of an April
is greater in proportion. Most things
at are worth doing at all are worth
doing well. We have seen that they
can be hatched by hens or ilncubatalhs
d reared by either natura or ar
cial methods. Full liberty should nev-
be given to those intended for mar-
t. Stock ducks require exactly the
same treatment for the first
m
nth, after which they are better on
o
a a grass range with a pond or a shal-
d y
Whicll now shows all the beauty of
the sun, w
low stream in which to take exercise
fin varie of food. A
ash, and d ty .
And by-and-by a cloud takes all A stream is to be preferred in furnish-
away _
-Shakespeare _
3. When well apparelled April on the In
heel of winter treads.
-Shakespeare.
4 It was not summer yet, but
.ing more food in the shape of worms
from the banks, small ish, insects,
and a great variety of aquatic plants,
rearing the best stock ducks exer-
cise and variety of natural foods are
of more importance than being always
stuffed with foods from the granhary.
ee moderate of rowth is best
Sheep.
This week . _ . _ . . . .
_ _$8.50
Last week....  .. 8.00
Two weeks ago.... .. 8.00
Same week 1914.. ._
1913.... 
1912....  .. 
1911.... ._  .. 7.00
_ Hcp Miarket
Topprico
ofcars
This week.... ._ . . ...$9.40
Last week....  _ _  9.20
Two weeks ago.... _ .  8.90
Same week 1914......  ....8.60
1913....  . ..  10_15_
1912.... _ . . . . .
__  _  9.20,
1911....     6.35'
10.50
11.00
9.00
»9.00
7.50
5544#
G UI
Q28.:
.  _
iallla Farmer." That is to say, the
modern method requires the oats to
be threshed. 'Then the grain is fed and
the straw as far as getting nny good
results as stock food is largely a loss.
Horses, cattle, sheep arc all very fond
of oats. Wllell either in sheaves or out
down and cured like mcnliow grasses
stock cat up cleanly both the grnill
and the straw, and grow and fattcn
nicely with but little olllcr grain or
llay. Allinlllls are compelled to out lilo
straw wllile getting the grzlill. 'l`llis"
straw gives bulk to the focll.
Tile time was when every farmer
grew large flellls of oats, nlld outside
of what was required for secd, the re-
mainder of the crop was cut all fed to
stock In the spring time the work
horses were fed liberally on the cut
oats. but during thc llcuvy work sea-
son "chop" was made. That ls after
the oats were cut. they were dampen-
ed and mixed with fine corn meal,
wheat bran and middlillgs. A good ra-
tion of oats so prepared and three to
five ears of corn, with some good hay
at night, kept the teams in goorl flesh
and strollg for this hard labor.
Such a vast quantity of food is pro-
duced to the acre, and the stock do so
well. that if the farmers will quit
thresillg their oats. and feed thc entire o
crop oats growing will find a better
place, and he more profitable than thc
llli
and then put through a straw cutler,I
I
Strain it illto the sprayer and add arl-
ditional water to make 50 gallons.
That is the way it is made on tno
faml, but you will be able to seirure
ready-made borrleaux ill almost any
sizeable town. To this it will he llec-
essary to add water. Necessity direc-
tiolls accompzlllying the package.
FOR CHILDREN ON
RAINY DAYS.
So much has been written regarding
elliwtuillnlollt for little folks oll rainy
days, one would suppose all had been
said. Not so, for little people will take‘
great delight lu the following pastime,
which is so easy that tile mother will
feel well repaid:
Take an old magazine, on its pages
carefully paste cuttings; some have
illustrations, which make the book
quite attractive. Save the fairy and
other stories which are published in
the Sunday newspapers; ask a. friend
or two to do the same; supply the
children with lllullt pointed scissors
and a jar oi’ paste; the result will be
many happy hours, and an amusing as
well as instructive book.
()f course a blank hook or a scrap
book is more substantial, but for
conollly and pnstilnc un old magazine
will answer.
l‘icturcs from old calendars are
present method. For the milk cows good, :ls they usually picture some
ghup Ma,-kgi; the "chop" feed as recoulnlcnlled for no
the work horses is fine, and but little
Lambs other grain or hay is found necessary.
311,00 All know that tllresiled oats and the-n
toil spot about wlliuh mother or
rsc cull ronilily weave some story
stllrt.illg with the time honored "Once
upon a time."
.1 git
u » _
--' , .L I
.D
and
é
After the very simple words were
mastered by the beginners' olass,the
old groups were reviewed, with less
well known and more ditllcoult words
added. auch as: that, flat, ..chat, bran,
than sled. shed,, lied, them, when,
-i k
til..
D-ick
p~iok
and
-ing
d-ing
s-ing
th~ing
Then fo
w-ich stick'
s-iok sl-iek
l-lck th-ick chick
r-lck ch.-ick
r-ing br-ing
~ lt-ing str-ing
w-ing aw-ing
ll-ill]
-alle r-ahe
b-ske ' s-sire
la-he
C-LKB
m-site w-aka
I-ine
tr: "f"-°
p-ine
sg-he sprine
. _ .<-,,-. .
br-ick
qu-ick
ll-fok
none
shells -
sn-ake
et _ -
?I‘hen words of, more complex found-
ation sounds were introduced as:
i
iiowed lrvups of wards hav-
ing the long vowel sounds, the effect
of the final e, being noted thus-
st-ako
v ine
whlns
tw-ine
ll-ine
spring; and it was not "gentle spring,
ethereally mild" as it is in Thomson's
Seasons; but nipping spring with an
easterly wind, as in Johnson's, Jack-
son's Dickens,” Bmith's and Jone's
Seasons; The shrubs wrung their
many hands bemoaning that they had
been over-persuaded by the sun to
bud; the young leaves pined; the spar-
rows lamented their early marriages;
the colours of the rainbow were dis-
cernible, not in floral' spring, but in
tbefsoes of the people whom it nib-
blell and pinched.-Dickens.
Suitable poems are:
.' The First Mild Day in March.-
‘Wordswortb .
_, *Lines Written in March.-Words
worth.
Home Thoughts from Abrosd.--
Browning.
*March-Bryant.
*The Robin.-Whittier.
Early Spring, 1st fd\\r`verses.-Ten-
nyson. . -
_ .Sir-Lancelot and Queen Quinevere,
,lst two verses.-Tennyson.
- fspring, from the French.-Lcng~
felliii. '
' ‘Those marked ' are suitable for
~ -young children -and s very successful
Ind d, a 8 -
A different set of muscles is required
in swimming to those used in walking
and the strongest and best-knit frames
are always built up when the exercise
is varied and complete. The clean-
liness is also a powerfulasset Ducks
cannot keep clean without swimming.
as they always get dirty on land n
altogether a ditlrent degree to fowls.
Food similar to what we give grow-
ing cockerels will do for them, that is,
always rather on the nitrogenous side
There are only three diseases which
seem to trouble ducklings-cramp, sun-
etroke, and breakdown. The ilrst can
only come when there are kept under
the most unsuitable conditions. Damp
brickand stone houses are the chief
cause, small, dirty, soil runs, and wet
bedding. 1 have met cramp when
geople have attempted to rear duck-
ngll in towns but very rarely on
farms. Snnstroke can be guarded
against by giving shade.
~ When the ducklings are hatched
late, towards midsummer, hot* only
should the run besheded as mash ss
possible. but oven n shallow pen 'oi
viator may be allowed in the run. as
i is not cold enough to give them
s chill, and may prevent heat 
lexy. Breakdown or iimbwesrgbes s
canned by insnfhciencyof itll phste
al-onnmmie developed also has o 1 l ""lo':"'toll&rhh§° lm Alun in moldings
I mol" u. - -mn. -my ~~ af :tc °  '°".° ° ’. "”°'°°°‘ ’ cf" '°
 ....2 s. .lr ..._ ...err c-.2>.§¥.`:`é_f..`I,¢'_';.W.'l,..... .,...~r.'.f..°~..:»°:,-.r.fr,, 
Q _. _ _ _ 1 A . _ _ _ ,,
'ram spoiling drills were carried-,f2f~eipsa ttidetbs portals-of~the spring
sim-lnensi'st.andi ‘til nt ,i
ststerisl is urn pm_ent°ln sulillclexid
TORONTO, MAY 12
.1-logs,oifCars   ....
Cattle....  .. . _ __ 
Lambs....    
Barley..    
TORONTO
$9.40
8.60
11.00
.82
Butter....   ........._31c.
Eggs..   __ . ...._.20c.
Cheese (large(.'.   ......i9c.
MONTREAL. MAY 12
in
QQQ
`l`l"l
TUUUI
Hogs, off Cars....  
Cattle..    
Lambs..    
MDNTRIAL
Deduot Commissions
‘ from these prices
Butter    .. sic.
Cheese (large)....  ......181,§c.
f IUFFALO
g`ogs, Fed and watered.. .._...Ss.15f
`tt'le....     8.85;
‘1Ambs....    ....10.25,
Barley..     ...85
NIW YORK
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