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APRIL 8, 1965. “To Discuss New Plan "Today; at-Ottawa; Health Minister LaMarsh and provincial welfare ministers-will open a two-day confer- “ence to discuss details of what Mon- ed a Canada Assistance Plan to pro- vide for federal sharing “‘in the cost of comprehensive programs under which people can be assisted on the’ | basis of their need.” The plan is in-, tended. as. companion legislation to the contributory Canada Pension Plan approved: last week by Parliament. Critics are’saying it has been cooked up ‘to offset criticism of the pension _ plan’s glaring inequalities.” In any ’ case, it will constitute-a new shared- | - cost program on which federal-provin- r cial agreement will be needed before it is brought before Parliament. At present there are four shared- cost welfare programs. The federal government pays 75 per cent and the provinces 25 per centof costs for ‘up to $75 a month in assistance: for blind persons. Both levels of govern- ment split the cost of old age assist- ance which provides: up to $75 a month to needy persons in the 65-, 69 age bracket, assistance to disabled persons and assistance to needy un- ys ~ employed. : - Except for the fourth program, a needy. person's real needs are not considered. Assistance is provided on the basis of means tests which -take no account of the size of families and local‘ living costs. Presumably the intention ofthe Canada Assist- ance Plan is to provide federal aid in welfare areas not now covered by the above-mentioned p: ms, ‘and welfare on the basis of need instead of means. Speaking in the Throne Speech. debate, Prime Minister Pearson said this would bring somé 200,000 needy mothers -and children under the plan’s provisions, at a cost of about $25 million annually. It also would provide for half the welfare costs of those on welfare assistance—another $15 million to. $20 million a year. While most-of the provinces would doubtless welcome this extra relief in their welfare efforts, Premier Lesage has already intimated that Quebec’ would regard-it as another “intrusion into fields under provincial juris- diction.” If this proved’ to be the case, -his government would opt out as it has done in. other cases, in return for “fiscal compensation.” , This- could mean protracted dis- cussion, involving possibly a series of | federal-provincial conferences ‘before agreement is reached. It is doubtful, * in the circumstances, whether. the new plan will ever get before Parlia- ment this session. But -we may ex- pect that it will be debated eloquently and at. great length, nonetheless.. The British Budget - As expected, the new British bud: get has left little room for expansion along socialistic lines. It has been described. as_a_ belt-tightening effort, and if the Tories had been in power, there would doubtless be a good deal _ of Labor Party criticism about the increase in taxes. the slowdown in . welfare measures, and .a program aimed more at encouraging pro- ductivity than consumption. But the ‘Labor government was faced by hard, | economic facts, and had little choice in the matter. ‘Britain's economic problem boils down to the fact that it has a $2.1 billion balance-of-payment deficit and | a need to make its economy more competitive. In addition to dipping into reserves, the Treasury has had to get large loans from central banks ~of 11 nations and the International Monetary Fund. Part of the latest de- cline is believed to reflect efforts by _the United States to correct its own | balance-of-payments deficit. United States efforts to this end have brought | Frank Walker | | orbiting the globe three times. then A ‘back some American dollars which had been privately invested in Britain... Britain could take the drastic | 1 | | course of devaluing the pound ster- ling. thereby arbitrarily trimming her foreigh debts. But a moderate de valuation would net solve her prob- lem. and a major one could) upset the whole international apfilecart.. Her economic significance on both- sides — of the Atlantic. Realizing this. Prime Minister Wil- assurance that the pound would not -, -be-devalued. He-said_it-was_not_for | him to anticipate what the Chancellor would say in his budget speech: but . rumors were afloat of some “im- | minent action” being taken by the | government: in relation to the ex- change of the pound, and he felt it necessary to refute them. “Let / me make it quite clear.” he said, | “that those who initiate these rumors take account. of these rumors are ___wasting their money.” | ts That was that. The tax boosts and -.economy. measure in the budget | on Tuesday followed as.a matter of | out of its emergency provisions, and there was alse~a small measure of relief in the way of tax-free allow- | ances, which will be doubly welcom- i | ed in view of the circumstances. Prior to- the budget speech, the _ government intimated that there was one other matter it had_ not forgot- ten. It Zannounced a donation of £500,000 ($1.4 million) tothe Churchill Memorial Fund. The. fund was launched inFebruary to finance the exchange of students between, Britain, the Commonwealth, and the United States. There -was no room for penny-pinching here, as every Britisher would agree. 2 De Gaulle Decrees... Now it’s President de Gaulle whQ has become concerned about_ the status of the Frerich language. He has.sent down an order to French scientists which is summed up in the words “parlez Francais.” The trouble, it seems, is that too many French scientists attending international con- ference¥ have fallen into the habit of speaking English. . To President de Gaulle this is betrayal, and that’s what he calls it. jo De Gaulle claims that the clarity and remarkable qualities of French make it ideal for scientific discussion. And it is a beautiful language. But | these days so many more people | understand English and so many Eng; | lish terms are used in the advanced ; areas of science that scientists find it the language easiest to use. De Gaulle doesn’t care a hoot | about that. French they should speak, ‘at all times, if they are Frenchmen; and French they'd better speak if they wish to keep in his good graces. The MilwaukeeJournal recalls, in this connection, that the formidable old. general isn’t the first to protest the use of English. The stafe of II- linois passed a law in 1923 that de-~ clared that “the official language of the state of Illinois shall be known as the American. language.” The legislature said that Tory elements in | the country-“have ever clung to the | tradition of king and empire.” So American became official. It didn’t seem to matter much to those who continued to’ speak English; but a | principle had been established and | proclaimed. That-was the point. The Milwaukee paper suggests— we suspect with tongue in cheek— that it would be fine if de Gaulle | would compromise, in’ this matter. | “Let the scientists,” it says, “‘con- tinue to use English professionally and the rest of the world extend the use of French on menus and in titles of beauty salons.” But de Gaulle | won’t compromise; he never has. Compared to him, an Illinois legis- lator,..or. even. a- Quebec. nationalist, is a reed shaken in the wind. He won't budge: His decree has gone forth: If science can’t accommodate itself to it, so much the worse for ' science! « EDITORIAL NOTE British exports of candy to Can- ada hit a new high‘of 10,000 tons during 1964. This figure, issued by the British Cocoa, Chocolate and Con- fectionery Alliance, represents sales close to $7 million, $2.2. million high- er than the previous yéar. é ° * * a It should be a solace to the noor Sailors among us, notes an exchdnge. that ‘astronauts Grissom. and Young remained in peffect. health while got seasick while bobbing around in the Atlantic in their spaceship for 40 minutes. ; }-. decision, therefore, becamé of crucial | son took the unprecedented course, > peper_.,~.0n his recent visit to Paris, of issuing | are wasting their time and those-who | day's Speech from the Throne term- | course. The sting had been taken | jan, especially in the field of | | King, whom he knew as “Wil- |. the.Parliament’ Building. the AGE OF AUTOMATION OTTAWA REPORT By Patrick Nicholson “My most ‘memorable’ impres- January 26, 1285. of the parlia- - sion of Parliament was my first | ment at Westminster—now Ca- day, my first week. in Chamber of the House of Com- the | nada’s model. has _been_the. ing of the mons. ; In those words, John Diefen- Question Period. When I first baker, reminiscing to me of his | sat in the Commons. it was un- ' | unbroken quarter- century of usual for two questions to ~ be ° membership of “the House of | asked at the opening of the daily Commons, implied the awe, the | sitting.” respect and the pride which a SHIFTS OF POWER " student of Parliament feels | There have been significant when entering that historic in-'| changes in the exercise of pow- stitution as an elected member.-er, John Di » observ John Diefenbaker was a “Par-' It has shifted from the House of -liament..Man’ even. by..upbring- | Commons {6: the Cabinet. and ing. : ‘then particularily to the Prime - ‘My ambition to enter polit- Minister is no longer “‘first among equals” in his cabinei, but now absolutely ‘‘first’’. “Canada’s Prime Minister wields greater absolute power | than the President of the Unit- ‘ed States,” he said. “‘The pow- er of dissolution of Parliament | is a tremendous weapon.” the House more turbulent ics came about through my fa- thers tremendous influence: on the boys he taught,"’ he told me. “He was a very learned histor- political development; he had a great affection for parliamen- tary . institutions.” iy, That father incidentally is pro- | “Is |’ “Perhaps:the greatest chanze. _- .Dief Recalls Parliamentary Changes _ and less effective than {n your first ‘days in it?” I asked. “It is the same.as it always | was,” replied John Diefenbaker. | “In fact the debates are less | he hhard- hitting than they used to i¢ alve) insufficiency. be: Obsérvers have always crit: | pest icized MPs. Samuel Pepys com- | plained in 1661: ‘Beastly things are carried on in Parliament br Dickens; the” young men": porter in ‘the 1830s, called the | House ‘a conglomeration of noise and confusion to be met Smithfield Market.” Robert Louis Stevenson 30 vears later said: ‘We all know what Parliament is. and we are ashamed of it.’ “I wish that -when I -was Prime .Minister I had ‘taken those desks out and made the Chamber smaller; would have been more attention i to debates,” he concluded. bably the only Canadian school- . teacher who red two fu- | ture prime ministers among hid | pupils. He taught Mackenzie | | | lie’, and of course his own son. | SECOND 25 YEARS The subject of, government We sat talking in John Dief- takeovers of utilities continues © enbaker’s fourth floor office im to be im the news across Can ada, with some significant facts and opinions being reported. One interesting case concerns the nationalization of telephon- es, currently demanded in some ‘quarters in Quebec. The argu- large square room in the south- west tower. It is ormolu with,. plaster work which has always been there; it is almost museum- like with the cluttering of Cana- diana which the present tenant has placed there— busts of for- mer Tory. leaders, a huge Indian carving, photographs, framed documents. And amid all that sat a veter- an of 25 years in the House of | money for the public. But Marcel Vincent, president ‘ of the Bell Telephone Company, | Commons— a rare figure in our ‘ politics: a veteran of six years ! bills ia in the very similar Prime Minis- ters office immediately be- neath the roofn where he sat— an achievement beaten only five . ~- .times in Canada’s history: and a candidate to return to that of-. fice— which-has enly- been ach- ieved twice in Canada’s history. And this is not such a remote | chance as his enemies like to | think: while the Liberal- action image disintegrates, more and more Canadians are increasing- ly looking back with kindlier eyes at the Diefenbaker years. What changes in the House of Commons has he seen in 5 years? His span is a brief moment. compared to the life of that institution itself. which Most songbirds court with both feet on the ground: Only a a few have their head in the clouds. , Bobolinks. and meadowlarks ~~’ Same People Will Pay Fort William Times-Journal income taxation paid in Canada. Thus if telephones were na- tionalized, whatever revenues then there ry ges i ee £ —~— Nondisease Affliction Hl ft. E af Hi Hi SF FF : i fs Me i " is oF { | i gg i i E Eg £ : i HW e ¥ if : i Hi i i i aE i ip st si z E o ; els i E lf i d j Hi = More Trou e r | f il; | ip z Het i : i F & = bs ae Fr d i I aii i | i q g : i i a is i : 3 é Z & i i i aR H HL i ii ¢ te? i 5 5 3 ; 8 ef rmany and less easily the Kremlin master B< 3 a at at this time from the Viena- mese war in Southeast Asia to | the divided city in the heart of | Europe. H o w ever, observers find it difficult to see China, re- | garded as the chief protagonist the Soviet Union co - operating a Press Py od | will not. wear them because the | belong to the group. In all pro- |. - ‘Germany's Working‘ Women Milwaukee Journal 'from classmates and not be- ' | { | } were lost by the government | would simply be added on_ some- where else and:the same people would pay the same total taxes. Mr. Vincent added that there is no evidence that- government ownership of utilities results in | general rate reductions—an ob- servation supported by the facts in recent cases of hydro and ur- ban transit take-overs. It might also be added that: the quality of telephone service } inferior un- der state monopoly, as evidenc- ed in the United Kingdom. As a general rule, the support of take-over of utilities ‘is influ- enced more by politics than ec- onomics. . o _. Spring Courting Season National ~Geographie Bulletin | Mr. McClung says. “The flicker / usually lays’a clutch of six , to eight, but in one experiment an egg was removed from a flick- er’s nest each day, so that the sing and display on the wing, bird never had more than one to | but other species perform the show for her trouble. Trying to springtime ritual on the ground complete her clutch,. the long- or on a handy perch, according suffering female laid 71 eggs in to the National Geographic So- 2 days!” ‘ . Wightman, Chief: George McIn- | ergency rations and equipment | of the Maritime Ladies Softball stems from the first meeting on | In a chapter on courtship and nesting behavior, Robert M. Mc- writes: most the Our Yesterdays | (From The- Guardian Files) TWENTY - FIVE YEARS AGO | (April 8, 1940) A bill to grant women the vote fi in Provincial Elections headed | the week's projected legislation as Quebec's. Legislative assemb- | ly prepared to meet tomorrow Me to continue the 2st Legislat — ure’s first session. Fire Chief C.K. Wightman re- cently reorganized the Monta- gue Fire Department. Members of the new organization are C.K. and plum- bit of her. the the at- le, Some prey are life. tyre, deputy: A.F. Campbell, captain and nozzle crew: M..G: Reynolds, . captain. of pumper crew: Charles McLure, captain of chemical crew. ab | TEN. YEARS AGO (April 8. 1955) Flying Officer J.M Arsenault of Summerside was among nine RCAF offiters who spent a sub- well, . though her, mate may zero 10 «<iay period in.the Alber’ help gather py one By the ta bush proving that RCAF em- | time the nest is . the hen will keep a man alive and well. Miss Wanda Chappell of Sum- merside was elected president conditions may influence the Association at their annual meeting held in Amherst. NS Miss Marié Peters also of Sunf- merside was elected third vice- most indefinitely, when’ president. | thing happened to their eggs,” Se * * & ance of food. or other external’ Among buntings and sparrows, the female bears the full bu¥den | of incubation, but the male \and female of many other songbirds take turns sitting on the eggs. te | Incubating birds develop brood patches— featherless areas on , the abdomen. Hence of fine blood vessels,close to the surface can distribute body heat directly to the eggs. The royal albatross .incubates its single egg about 80 days. Waterfowl sit on their eggs about 28 to 35 days. small songbirds, the incubation an usually lasts only. 12 to lays. _NESTLINGS DEMAND and opens his bill wide when feels the nest jiggle ag his fi ther or mother lands on sets off a response in them — a strong desire to cram food into this gleaming cavity.” When the nestling is four or. sheathed five days old, | blue- feathers, erupt, as sprouting spiky ouills, then quickly grow-- ing and expanding. In several days he is almost. covered. As |- his eyes open and his senses re- gister the baby bird becomes ‘increasingly aware of the world round him. | 3 with in no other place except t REPLY ‘that closely on strategy amid | their own deep differences. PROVOKED INTO ACTION In time, when the murmur prov- | Besides, Bonn gave the Rus- es to be innocent or functional, | sians and East Germans an comes up _with nonmitral | 1 Mrs. G. -H. writes: What is | your opinion about not wearing | socks?. My ll-year-old daughter | } other children at school don't. “She has sore throats and colds | suspended at the request of the - all the time. . _ It. is widely thought in Brit- Children- of this’ age -want—to-ain_the incident. arose at least purpose to shift some attention’ — 5. of toughness -in- Viet Nam, and_|- “Cocking a snook at the irom | curtain may make West Ger- | man politicians feel. good. It °; also makes agreement more a likely.”” ; | AFFECTS. THINKING » The autobahn incidents be. | tween Berlin and the West Ger- {man border, ‘even in the early | stages, were believed to have /had a serious effect on the | thinking ‘of ‘many German pol- | iticians. ms | Chancellor Ludwig Erhard {and Foreign Minister Gerhard | Schroeder had done, much to- | ward creating an atmosphere of | lessened tension with the Soviet | Unton and European coun- | German regime. Critics. had ‘cellor Konrad Adenauer. Now the critics ‘are having their day. | The Hamburg newspaper Die | Welt says: the incidents cquid | “wake up those of us who have ; been sitting back: comfortably because there was ‘no longer icy blast blowing from’ the | east.”* mere bability._shé.is_geting her_colds cause she is sockless. « : ANGIOGRAM A. P. writes: What is an an- dat : giogram of the neck? Is it a dan- — s =e be Sedapens pc > , ent “‘is one wi velop- Reaeg = * | ments in the uglifying of Eur- ' This refers to’ the visualiza- | ee ee Bearer yr tion of the arteries of the neck. | Friedric ee The procedure is done by in-, Years ago. He believed that it jecting a material opaque to X- | rays into the carotid artery. | Films are made at frequent in. | Tishts, equal training. equal tervals to determine .whether{,cims and obligations’ for wo- the 1 is open, narrowed, or | ™€"- = obstructed. wage | That kind of thinking, which TODAYS HEALTH HINT— — bet anciows —, — ~Heat, in most forms, is bene- | Marc society, is becomin; ficial ih arthritis. | pafese. Of the 28 million or se (NOTE: All correspondence | People at work in West Ger- to Dr. Van’ Dellen should be | Many today, about nine million addressed to: Dr. Pp are women. Van Dellen, co. Chicage Trib- | There bune; Chicage, Iineis.) are several reasons for this. One is the vigor of the Ger- nt Charlottetown to: | man economy which. has brought an acute shortage of labor. Even | with more than a millidn foreign | workers, there still are about | 300,000 unfilled jobs. World War Il, of course, brought many wo- | men into the factories. And, lar- | gely because of wartime casual- | ties,. more than half of the West | German population is female. The West German parliament | is now investigating the chang- | ing role of women in_ society. There will be surprises, too. One. | woman in Duesseldorf employs | 850 persons in a factory that | makes electrical measuring in- struments. Another owns a cig- . 'aret plant and employs 500 | ‘workers. 0-2-1720 $2.20 $2.90 Truro | $3.70 Saint John — Halifax Antigonish | Sydney — Quebec Montreal | Winni Edmonton ~ sree ee cea Ottawa j $ 15.70 $4.30 _. $4.80