at visory Council held at the Charlottetown Hotel. seen here are: left to right. Rev. Arthur Pendergast. Seven Mile Bay; Keith Ellinwood. New York. author. lecturer and councillor for alcoholics and a promin- en”t youth worker. was the ALci5lHo»Lr»csl’co»ur-ificuiiion IS SPEAER and Rev. Donald Ma_cLean. 1 Mount Stewart. Mr. Ellinwood is in the province to deliver a series of lectures in various guest speaker at last night's Inspector A.S. McNeil, comr centres to schools, service amni dinner meeting of the manding officer ,P.E.I. Div- clubs and all other interested P.E.I. Alcohol Studies Ad- ision RCMP; Mr. Elli.nwood- roups SUCCES-S SEEN IN HALF OF CASES Rehabilitation, Penal Reform Aims.0l John Howard Group (Editor's note: This is the last in a series of articles lprrtuly rehabilitate concerning organizations tak- l Another area in which the so- ing part in the province-wide lciely is concerned includes that United Fund campaign.) lot penal reform. It has held rseveral conferences with the at- By MARIAN BRUCE of those assisted become com- d. ltorncy-general to discuss im- Guardian - Patriot Staff Writer f movement of jail conditions and I 1 th H M t the establishment of a pr on ITIDTOV ng 8 0 0 nma (‘Si arm \ of jails and penitenliarles anrir‘ Contact with a plrisoner gaug- re-establishing them as useful fly begins when he s broug t citizens are the major aims of 1 fore the John Howard Society. huri- ; he is fully re-established in the getlng in the United Fund atrcommunity. - ‘ While h. is in prison. mem-- The society's‘ £85135 HT]? }1)?r:'1F' : hers of the organizaition visit his :erv £8. counse an re la Ila elfamfly and bring ts push; go C011V1€19d 111911 511111 W°11“‘111 '_°3thc attention of welfare agen- Fl‘fi|l}/1f1€ (1i1S:151811°9 1<f>1‘ 111_‘’'1' mos. They may also do some Hm 95: 811 0 P1‘?-‘S, 01 1m’ ctunseiling. and try to deter- Dr0V¢d 1€E1S1811011 ‘V1111 16'1"" m).ne whether family conditions encel It; Ciolilftt l§F00€d“F9 1111 will be favourable for the man's pena a m n s ra ion. . :mm.n_ Since its formation in Decem-. ' ber. 1960. the John Howard So-lVlSlTS JAILS ciety on P.E.l. has handled over I The society also keeps in con- 60 cases. of which less than lzéract witirthe prison's classifica- were juvenile cases. Secretaryrtions officer. receives‘ reports of the society. Wendell MacKay. l ‘on the convicted person from. estimates that almost‘ one- half time to _time, and presses for —__. -— ' ' improvements 90,000 Bags the courts. and ends when - training. and home conditions. and a member of the organiza- tion is delegated to supervise and report on his progress. The society tries to find em- 3. and housing until he becomes re-established. FUND SHORTAGE Biggest obstacles faced by this branch of the organization are its small size and shortage of funds. Public attitude could be improved. also. Mr. MacKay stated. although most employ- ers. all of whom are made fully aware of a rmer prisoner's- background. are willing to give the men a chance to work. The history of the organiza- tion dates back to 18th century England, when an ex-prisoner named J o h n Howard became determined to improve prison conditions and help convicted men bac k to normal. useful ‘ From England it spread many parts of the world. now found every Canadian province. Prince Edward Island was the last province to form such an organization. u-1 ev- ...."' GO rsurro NEWS PAGE’ Summerside And Prince County Island PCs Meeting Set For Jan. 9 January 9 has been set as the (‘mic e annual meeting of the PE i. Progressive Conser- ViIl\P Association. Association president. G.R. Foster. said yesterday the meeting will be held in Chario- ttetown at a place to be deter- mined later. He said the program for e meeting has not yet been drawn up, but it is “very likely" that national PC figures will speak at the meeting. "The meeting." he said. “will be held at the time the House of Commons is in recess, and for that reason. it should not be hard to get national figures here to speak.’ Fine levied For Assault Quebec now living in Summer- side, Dieudonne Fourier was ' ed $20 and costs by Magis- trate R.S. Hinton in police court yesterday when he pleaded guilty to a charge of assaulting Joseph Arsenault. Summer-side. by striking him with his hand. In addition. Fourie-r'signed_ a re- cognizance in the amount of $100 th . he keep e :1’ :1 _ peace. be good behaviour and stay away from the Arsenault home. Police Chief S.D.A. Wanna- maker stated accused had been courting the. 1' t’s to retrieve some gifts he had given the girl._Irt was during this time standards. The secretary. Mr. ‘MacKay. frequently visits jails in the province. and makes sev- cral trips a year tovisit inmat- Seed [es at Dorchester Penitentiary. 1 “One of the most valuable . tasks performed by the socie To 'ls in providing the prisoner with a friend he can tut)‘; tox when this ‘is released." Mr. ac a sa . SUMMERSTDE —‘ T119 N°1"'l“\Vc take a prisoner alt, face W881811 1’1‘€'1®111G1‘ "T1=1‘1'11‘3" ~"11" ; value and treat him as a friend rlvglk in Summmsidygygzaegiay lnnl 3 convict," P0 9 011 11 “"130 ‘I v ~31‘ ' Wli n artm at f us- 01 1°95 ‘1°5P1“e‘1 W II(‘('.[I38l‘O[I’(1‘.:;jl’TpIIil'|'l8e L: tjhe -1¢1¢'119011'V11'1€- F1°1"1‘1‘3- Jolm Howard Society, the sec- The ahiiment 18 13911148 mfldelrclary files a report on the by Canada Packers Ltd W111‘ .' man's background, behavior. several local firms supplying the ‘Players Return To Active List MON'l‘RF‘.AL (CP) — Defen- sive end Dor. Paquette. side- carrgo. Some confusion resulted when the 3.000 ton vessel arrived yes- as she wasn't due for another week. Wet_ weather intemfe-red wv-it-h loading yester- dw but it's hoped work can be- I1-I'| ll!!! m0fl’n1'n8 83 1* W111 lake -lirzod a month ago with s l¢V€1‘81dI?‘S 109111 11116 Potatoes twisted knee, has returned to cbosrrd the Montreal Alouettes' active mie freighter. built five years list, it was announced Monday. ego is equipped with all the lat- ut Brewer. a corner Orlondo Cepeda Wi'II Undergo Eye Examination SAN FRANCISCO (AP)-—San Francisco Giants’ slugger Or- lsndo Cepeda will undergo a comprehensive examina- tion today to learn if he has a cataract, club officials said Monday. Cepeda flunked a driver's lt- cenize eye test last week and. after one check. told the Giants he might have a cataract over his right eye. Cepeda was a batting bust most of the last two months of I: National League campaign although he finished the year hitting .306. Until the disclosure of eye trouble. he was rumored on the trading block. that the assauul-t occurred. Thomas Chappell, Summer- side. changed wit-h driving while his ability was imposed by alcohol, had hrirs case adjourned to Nov. 9 without plea. One accused forfeited ball of $25 when he failed to appear on a charge of having possession of intoxicating liquor in a place other than tlhse residence. Another accused was fined $20 and costs on’ a similar charge. Police evidence revealed that the accused was caught coming from a local bootleggei-'5 in the early hours of Oct. 27 with another man. Accused had in his possession a bottle of beer and one of liquor. Albany Bureau To Be Enla-rged , The department of t o u ri s t development is c o n sidering llrcbacker. was placed back on «sat navigational aids and has diced engines serve list for a 15- and electric win- ohes. . . br ken ankle a month ago. The “llautr ’ came to Sum- ‘‘ 5”“ b“ no ‘ugflfi £I.om‘Ph1Iadleph‘a. The club said word on the cogditioiii jofr::den:'i;e " ' . ' ""' Joe Stracina w o renu s knee against Hamilton here Saturday. It was not known whether Stractna would be able to dress for the game with Tor- louto Argonauts here Saturday. Tackles Milt Crain and Bobby Jack Oliver will rejoin the Montreal lineup for the Argo (Also see an ouncements in columns adjoin on Classlfied Ad- verttsing section.) l McCARTHY-At the home of her , Cecil artih ame. Crain was out for seven games with s fractured cheek- bone and Oliver missed one a pulled hamstring mus- Large Pays Feature Card SACKVILLE. N. S. (CP) — It was a night for bettors h e re Monday as two big pays were returned on the eight - dash harness card. Windale Prince. owned by Gly- :31; Willis of Kensington. P.E.I. Ba Girl in the daily double to pay $530.- . (I in the quinelln. ‘Direct A Mice and Sunrise combined for a return of 8295. S 1: Two Have ,,,,, Sentence -were Miss Fury, Clarence There were no double dash winners. Other single winners Win. Am Castle. Royal Showers and I{ighley‘s Way. Highley’s Way did the mile in 2:11 in the sixth dash for the night's best time. plans to expand the tourist tra- vel bureau at Al . Hon. J. David Stewart said yesterday that heavy use of the bureau and an anticipated use of it by tourists had led to the plan for expansion. Already. several sketches 81181-ftesting expansion have been drawn up. Sketches indicate that the lighthouse which now hous- es the bureau is to be retained and several buildings added to Mr. Stewart said additional space would house a handicrafts display and also feature a‘ large notice board on which latest camping olsnd information SUMMERISIDE — A native of 3 3 the Guardian, Charlottetown, Tues., Oct. 30, 1962. 3 1YMCA ls Re-activated In Summerside Area SUM2M7ERSI1DE —— An organi- zation begun in Summerside in the late lfiws has been reacti- vated. The YMCA in Stamper- side will soon be operating on a full scale program by itself as a separate organization apart from the Y's Men's Club. Summon-side YMCA Presiden Keith Lapp stated yesterda- in synonymous in the public mind and it would be a mistake to attempt to replace Y's Men’s Club fully occupy the volunteer time contrribtitred by Its members and arising from this, it would appear to be im- wise to further burden the in- dividual members with addi- tional demands on tzheir time. Mr. Lapp said the YMCA has actually been in existence wi the Y's Men's Club but has not been active. The first year of the YMCA will be financed by assistance from the Y's Men's Club. and the following year Lapp sarid an application would be made to the United Appeal. The reactivation of the YMCA mem- bens of the Y's Men's Ciulb and consultations with YMCA National Omnmil. The National Council is 1 with interest. stated Mr. because it is a small town and the program wilrl be operated without a pnot'ess'ional staff. If the program here proves satis- factory, it may be implemented In similar towns across Can- d . - The Summerslde YMCA has appointed Mrs. Cami Carpenter watch- The importance of timing for hay ‘production ‘and other grass- land farming to get the best re- sults was stressed to 150 P.E.I. farmers and their wives last night by G. G. Smeltzer who talked to the dinner given in ho- nor of the .62 winners, ent- rants and judges in the fourth provincial pasture competition at the Charlottetown Hotel. Host for the dinner was Dr. Herwig Glander. vice - president Do- minion Pota Ltd., Montreal. Agriculture Minister Andrew MacRae introduced the guests and shared with J. Lincoln Dew- ar. secretary of the dairymen‘s association. the task of present- ing a large number of prizes. The trophy and silver trays to the provincial winners were pre- senied by David Scales. Island Fertilizer Company. Charlotte- town The trays went to winners J. Wilfred Furness and son Lloyd, Vernon and Fenton Mayne. Emerald. - Mr. Smeltzer. supervisor =1 ev- N.S., s _ hay is not much good in unless timing is used on the var- ious fields in the period and ‘the e . '1 u 4 O O v-s F6‘ -1 as 2-3 N O -1 po- :3‘ so ev- .. m D 9. Using Nova Scotia project grassland farming tests, Mr. Smeltzer was able to indicate the value of ap- plying proper fertilizer combin- ations at the proper times. LIMESTONE NEEDED Especially emphasized was the absolute necessity of lime- -stone to reduce excess acidity. ‘Several slides shown indicated that even heavy fertilizer appli- cations are comparatively use- less unless oil acidity is reduc- 9 . d. Appreciation of the meeting was expressed to Mr. Smeltzer in Summerside is one only YMCAl as program secretary for the new venture. Mrs. Carpenter is a native of Toronto and has had wide experience in YMCA work there. She is married to Ken- neth Carpenter. a navigational irwtructor at the Summerside, RCAF base. Mrs. Carpenter will act as coordinator to get pro- grams started. "The ‘Y’ centre will be open after school hours for student activities and possibly all day, Saturdays. She noted that plans‘ are underway for the establish-l ing of a ‘Phiat Club". which is.‘ a non—denominational club for:' young women. l Junior Hi-Y programs will extended and assistance may be . .rendered to church groups in: coaching sports and penltarpsl fonming leagues. The YMCA‘ will act as a co-ordinating body since many church halls are.‘ empty on Saturdays and lack; coaching leadership in sports. 5 Mr. Lapp pointed out that: in Canada where the church ap- 3 points their own board mem- g bers to the executive. Noting yet , another P.E.i. pivoneening fear. I Mr. Lapp said the Charlottetown ‘ YMOA was ‘it; first in Canada . ‘2 lWind Gusts Sum-merside YMCA ha-i rWerre Strong to be organ . POOL PROBLEM The been contacted by Hon. Hubert MacNeil1. MD. to head up a- community committee andmeet .1 SUMMERSIDE __ Last mgmys "1 the “ear f‘m“'e~ t°,d"5’°‘§°“1high winds in the Summerside 1"°b1°'m‘5 11131 may 9x151 Wm‘ 1 area didn't quite reach the peak regards 1? the 5""1mm‘1“lg,1’° lforce of the gale that struck being built at the Vocational: xacuy three weeks earlier’ 5911001: 1391113 119941 by 17119 YMCA rwhen the tail of Hurricane Daisy TWO maJ01‘ lJI‘01>16m5 €‘X15l5- [stroked the Island as she swept They are raising the capital to i b_V_ complete the pool and the mt-r The "met" section at the ac- 11'0<1 07 deV910l>ment after the {AF Station said winds gusted to .pool has been completed. The in!) miles per hour last evening town has indicated an interest in ; around 6.30 compared to 80 Hay Production liming °‘ Stressed lo Dairymen of spirituals will be given by; attending this meeting when itlm.p.h. on Oct. 8 is held. o rain accompanied yester- lriay's winds and no damage wasl lrr-ported to Summerside police‘ ,last evening. ‘ Winds were gusting to 35. lm.p.li. the Charlottetown Radiol Range reported at night. At that time 1 attire was 36 degrees. r l Winds reached their peak dur-l, ling the day at 4 p.m. when gusts ‘ to m.p.h. were recorded. I Rainfall was heavy at one point ‘in the afternoon by Fred Kitson. Hampshire who 1,‘ ." is past president of the P.F.I. 3M1 town cross Dairymens' Association. Man Dies A film “Growing Alfalfa Suc- V cessfully" was prepared by the1 11_mNTAG[.1E ”“ Th? dew‘ °°‘. American Institute of Potash. I g1‘at3‘1'_5da1‘§’01nP-0:‘r¢1 M;l7lI0\l:,!;.j 21:1"? 51?: 811:: 5111195 ‘"919 S_1'°\}'': George G. Moore in his 86t~hl y _ avi ac an. provincia year. i 8g1‘|CU‘11l11‘a‘1 1|'E—‘1d’Y1'1811- ' The late Mr. Moore was born 1 James Cain. New Perth. ex- pressed the appreciation of the in Milltown. son of the late‘ Charles and Elizabeth Moore. meeting to all those who had contributed to make the evening. Left to mourn are his wife ther a success. former Mary Ann Powell of Raynall M-acNeill. O'T.ea-ry RR. r presided in his capacity as pre-3 sidcnt of the P.E.I. Dairymcn‘s Association. Georg town Cross: ar-: old. Murray Harbor, Francis in the RCAF: two brothers. Wil-: 3 liam L. Moore. ‘.Vl”-irlltown Cross: 3 ‘ and Wesley Moore; and one i sister. Mrs. Ethel Kemp. A-f concert Planned l hion. Three sons and one daugh- Ai, Slside Tenor: ter predeceased him The remains were transferred 1 ‘tom the Montague Funeral SUM1V1_E1P51D1‘1 —‘ A C°11"“1'1lilonie to his la residence‘ 01 013551931 51111?“ and 1"‘f3“"'1\vlierc funeral services will he J hld tod t 2 ‘cl k. Com- Amrerican tone 1' Emanuel "final Sgfvifie M?‘ §°, in me’ Mansfield at Summerside's. Civic Auditorium Thursday ev-1 l 10 pm. lastl ‘O the temper- Massachusetts: tth-ree grandsons. l government's program towards _’ .days and the others fined PREMIER W. turns the first sod for the new addition to the Souris Re- gional High School yesterday R. Shaw ies at a minimum. The pram-s ier also turned the sodlfur the first Senior Citizens Hous- ing project in the province at Sounds during the arfLE!'.l'lJO::& arftemoon. Looking on is Arte- The double cerremorny ca- mas Wright. chairman of the the Premier to remark that regional sch he must be “the champion sod-trunner." Premier lurns Sods For Souris Projects SOURIS —~ Amid a howling gale of wind and rain. Premier lities that are needed Walter R. Shaw officially turn- The Prnemier spoke of the up- ed the sod for two projects in surge in interest in education 11115 Eastern KIHES Cenbre yeS- and said that the Souris Regional rd ; High School was evidence of this ‘ greater interest. Premier Shaw was introduced in the province. Health Minister 2?. 9,1: e:uhI,1,Ao;:f:1-:;,‘11al‘zf,a1,),;‘(1(:‘dc1p1;l’l, 11“-111'-V Wedge P1’°51‘1‘«"1 81 ‘°rArtema-s Wmight. chairman of brief .IullCilOI'l. and then the 1 me region,“ high schml b,,a,.d_ Premrerand his party moved toiomers who Sm)“, hrisfly in, the '1‘-egl-01131 high SIICQM3]-uded RL R.ev_ J_ A. where a new additnon is to be,vG. and 3,9.“ Elton Adam5_ erected and a similar ceremonyl ()t]1e1- mes” at the fimcfim was °31‘1'19‘1 0111- 4‘ included Hon. Melvin J. Mc- Because of the weather few; Quajd, Gem-ge chew,-re‘ Keith pr-rsonswere present other than i pickm-d_ Mayor C. E_ Lav“, LITE Offlffla . for N16‘. OllI(IOf)l' l and membems of the town coun. ceremonics but Premier Shaw [ C11‘ and members of fhp senior 8d<1‘1‘9SS¢’<1 350 Dlmlls In the 1112111 1 Citizens Housing Corporation. school auditorium. ‘—-—-——————~——————-—-——-- He stressed the need of re, ccivinr; a good education and; said the regional high schools‘ in the province were part of his ool . A d luge of main-kept the ceremon- ay. The first ceremony marked the beginning of the first hous- in: project for senior citizens How To Help ‘ In Time Of Sorrow V town. was given 20 days In jail l when fiends auger deep 103,’. fin. vagraiicy and Joseph Can-|~ we want despemmv to Conmlm non, Cliarlottetown. was given a. ' ' ‘ s i m ila r sentence for heingv them ' ‘ ' but Often W" mmmh drunk and disorderly. any or write One motorist was fined $15. . and costs for failing to stop at a 1I“'“1I{I m"““}:9f]"%1 agd ,h°g’_f“e1; flnsliin“ red light. r 11 OVER’ 1‘ 93 GT8 15! Six (Ir ll n I( and incapables , £011 W111 fi11:_1l111P01’taflt1l10'88:d' C0ll'lpIE,‘l('(I the docket. One was 011,14‘ 1'-0 9-D Y011 80W 15 18‘ given until noon to act out ofl delicate problem. Get; your copy- ‘ ‘s Digest today — 41) r 11"‘ (‘ll-Y or face a 20 -‘ day sen-§ of Reader tcnce. Another was given articles of lasting interegt, and costs each. providing the educational fact-‘ Murphy, ; ening under the sponsorship of 1 r, the local Y's Men's club. Mr.| E Sturgeon cemetery. Mansfield will be accompa-nicrll . . Driver Fined, W e “ suspended Considered as one of ther . greatest ingeppmrgrs of npgml Robert l~1. Lord. Summerside.. sI)i|riltuafl1s_ Mr, Mansmqd has ; was fined $50 and costs and had ‘ rendered nurmcrous concerts in11"‘ 11°““-“‘ ,51_151’°“‘1°‘1 1" 311‘ Canada and throughout the Un-l1'1"1.\'-S 10!‘ driving In a_! manner. “ed Stmes_ ldanrzeroiis to the DllI)IlC._Il8 ap- Mr Mansfield w ill be re- 1 P931” 1’ ‘'-‘.'’~’'f;*‘t "'M°";",1";1' mernbercd by Summers id e l J(aPm:3( a;§[am_e ore 811 S rap music lovers as the leader and; A gm. of 3.25 and costs was 191101‘ $01151 01' "THE C-'-1'11!" h0.VS" i paid by J. It-lmer Gallant, Char- TODAY'S Red Cross Blood Donor Clinics ZION CHURCH HALL 8—I0 P.M.. TOM‘OtRROW'S TIMES 9—II A-M. and 2—6 P.M. “SHARE YOUR GOOD HEALTH... who appeared here on two occas- 1 loin-town, for speedin g. Sl0M- , Gerald Mclyneaux, Charlotte-. E!‘ would be available for tourists. The minister indicated that he plans to include costs of the expansion in his department's budget for the next fiscal year. Former Alma Suspended V Barry Gsss. Charlottetown and Barry C. MacLeod. Dunstaffnsge were each iven one year s pended sentences yesterday mor- ning for‘bresk. entry t at a service station nosr Brack- was in Queens County msgistrsto's* court before Magistrsts James E. Johnston. ‘ th were released on ILIID lth two suretics in 310 paid by Joseph H. Gallant, Char- lottetown. for loitering in a pub- c S you-. Rating st the Fincsl Hams, Al-berton, Tuesday . - Albany. was fined :10 and costs» It um: - At the Prince “I Ii."y"5Iu.""'ii. ‘i°"'."‘r'i'.o§l'.l'i’ A _. pm or 7m -d mtg. 30-“- Mclllrd Macltenzt of R 10 30 ‘min - Valley. in his sand year. Rest- Hlshfteld far rm-Irlns 9 «Me lot‘ It the Cutcliffc Funeral on the and 0 like fine Home where the tuner Imiald II . Plaid. bahsldiod ,'l‘|.Ii:Sd83.f.2WI g:loa.ftI.'Ii_IIlflII'II1Ilhr- Denies. cum c a o‘- . eIod.mu:es:tv:flitke Achsrgeolfslltngtsytolil p ace. Mabel Josephine Maccormsck, 04 Playoff Tilt Goes Nov. I0 CALGARY (CPI —- The first Western Football Confer- ence playoff game between Cal- was a young woman. . gary Stsmpeders a nd Sas- Her mgbmd he, kgchewsn NR0u8i1:)P1g‘€l{'l WIi1t1 some . Ste h teplace ov. eseb tw1¢,hm.,_M,., is undecided. it was announced s{.,,,,,,,,'; ,1,‘ M4,, Ray 31- isigiiam- . b th of Newton- The Stsmpeders said in s V 1: and 0 ' Dame". .1” ststernent. both clubs want to play in their home parks but they agreed outcome the Saskatchewan - British Columbia game Saturday will it Calgary now is in seco place but s Saskatchewan vic- over Vancouver would We mess the two clubs would end the season with identical rec- wins Ssskstchewsn they have the choice of I for the playoff game be- thsy have the but for games. the Stsmpsders ssid. V Resident Dies rnnno whohss the choice. J ALBERTON -— me death of Mrs. Burr-ton UNB Awards Scholarship ALBERTON - It was an- nounced recently that Clair Oli- ver of Alberton ha? been award- ed s $500 scholarship by the niversity of New Brunswick where he is in his final year as °°' a student in chemical engineer- g. ClslrtsssonofMr. andMrs. Henry Oliver of Alberton. Evangelist IN A SERIES OF New-tonville. Mass 'llhe er atrtie Mountain was born at lma agobuthulived A '77yeom in the United States slncs dis and-against record against Cal- llil 1 . The Nov. 10 game and the New Zecrland "W Man Charged SOURlS—A resident of New zealand. John James are-ya-i was charged noon. - lie is charged in connection with an sliqad incident at N Zealand. second pla encounter on Nov. 12 both will be afternoon SPECIAL MUSIC —I-IYMNSHRATIONS BE A DONOR" REVIVAL FOR SURVIVAL! HEAR IIERBERT F. STIIEOHEII Of Lexington. Kentucky. U. S. A. POWER-PACKED MESSAGES WITH A SPIRITUAL IMPACT. NOV. I--I5 (NIGHTLY EXCEPT SAT.) 8P.lVl. CENTRAL CHRISTIAN CIIIIIIGII KENT STREET. CH ARLOTTETOWN v ova. -.ao.~ nu--