I \ ’ . /' . 1 -~ ` . ‘ . » lr' , f » 1 ,_ o "‘ .w .V . , l_..‘-..» qw, , ., , ., ry i l , , 'l'.'-§'1'-~.r- '., ,` .* W. .-2 v, ' ri- r . ~ " ~ » ' ~». ~ ' ‘ ‘ ~~'=:-‘~ " ‘L ’*' » f ” -‘ i~ .v "l -er* Y Y- - i l . ,. ..._ . _ Q , v'*~ i 4_5 _ .li _ . .1 ii _ ,.\.... ,- .' N ' ., f " ‘ / s * = _,._.¢_( _ li .` -- - i* 'I :`~I . _3ff.f--.i~.~‘-':~- ff _. j, _5--_ _ I' - » .\ ‘ ~ - I , _ . ». , :,__. -,-,_,,-,.,1..fi.»-_- - _ _ t- if 1 1. = .J -_ . . ' ' -~¢ .. ,_ ». - _ _ _ , ’i fi 2 __ . og- ""`*` rzmsr rms ~-»~~,~» ' 'rl-is csartLo'1"rE'rowN GUARDIAN f mir or .ro - ~- rsos -ri-use il CIT ll; - sllllllll._lien-..'llllll@llllllnl H Hum IIHPISI llllliiliitli ill llll ll'lsllll , , '_ , ~\______ _ __ _ _ H T. Plumb, !urdue University. Ind.) "ini iJoiM‘l¢l¢°l` Dovertliiolit 'et agrleulture hu ues.-le"irea 'uni Fallout me l>»fl°U'-"*'*"“_“°° \i¥`_iMl_iniug1n that e‘ounti'i‘eeea"yea}. and--es nisny more serioolfloiiifod- The uuiuai lon or srosertvgi the unites elites oy fire due"to lilhhlnleis about l|»°°9.ll00{ _f.l‘ho\isand_s~pf_lani__g\ais are killed by lisilolingeechsoar. 'if-‘-~'-'E i -» Will ~'-1' .._ ~ I 'rhe farmirl’ milhisl insurance complains’ _repost 'that more losses are eeeasioned, U§|\_l»\ll I than from any\other cause. If that could bseilmin- sted l-he Lb? 1_0 insu_`rl.rl_c'e_ is_s_ooNs'i.ions`:vvoultl' he reietlvoir lisy-'__ ` l!~ig=l_,lhovv___thet e_l>out_ two-tl.ir_as‘__og 'nie aolrnxu iriilee- . . .. , in the li:%i';l1os'e eilntaot wlltlfiilrt feHHllt§.‘IPll‘hIl`:ti'i!`s.l-` ly all ef“tldl llillil be prevented by the use of ground wires. The dssllll¢'tb life and property is five times greater in ruraI"distrlets than in citlH' Ind Mint .'.l\e reason for this is the 'natural protection a'!~» forded U! ¢\i0`.'lv3_at number of trebi. houses, water. gas and stearn pinol. ,.,l.., telesilI'iiieI` tilegreiih aaa iight wires. steel :mme buildings ‘end ma- chinery- ` I ` l ' The same immunity may be extended to the farmsl-'s home if he would erect ths_-pfeeper lightning rods. The expense is comparatively slnalll___and in the end. it _li _cheaper tlnaninsnrsnoe. Government statistics have"pr6ved"ihl! properly/erected" lighililiig rods furnish-nearly perfect safety to both life and propelyli-_flt ls. th'llr`ef'or,e. lack of in formation. or cbstiaalcy and reckless- ness ls`_wll'_e_n _"people do'-not avail themselves of the means of self-protection. ` 'l'he‘i_‘_liniirlary lightning naeh is vapor nested while not by the passage of an a'i_6otHo'6urrsnt.' 'The slectrio dllcharge'itself is not visible any more ihan current !n_ a_ wir_a“’lsad__lng‘to'an ordinary electric lamp. The dis. rhugeiijleuses-a suddsn`-svolutidlfof heat, which makes the -conducting medium-_evhitef het. and the elieet is iight. ` ' Ailfqiibstances are-conductors. but the electric charge takes its way througlgiltlisfsubstssiee which has the greatest conductivity and the least rs- slstane`el'_l1ill_le.destruetive`hsating of a lightning discharge at any point_is prop_or_fi_e'till i.o't}1s.resistOl1oo eliuoimteredfat that part of its path. Then- iere. tb,-_`s.h_old destruction by lightning give it an easy path. Street cars, electric `pl_&its alul'telegraph .offices are seldom damaged by lightning, -al- lhoughlithay, ara very often struck. ' lfjsoiasss and 'bammvlere' built enitrely of metal they would never be ilamiod‘-by -ilghttilng; ‘ Il‘a"fih buildings are usually constructed of wood, and while thty -may be"a_s goelieohduetors or electricity as e tree. emi better ghan the;aQr,:;stlil~they.»ld°r- l_ho-¢_rif{il- ing of al ' ,`lU'.-_.‘-3.lee,_mlxlilg .of thesediaarenl l>.il\gh‘feeds so as to _prodlloe , m¢|.,.,,*,|’ ‘ y'~|,|l_ 1-atjsn ls# highly recommended. True. tim cost of doing~-thi|ri`e._so|n`stblng,‘but the-retur ns more -than justify .this` ~ expense.; ni. ...m..¢._-g_g;¢.;n,~_¢et|, harley-one low-_erase wheat rivet excellent results? me fussy".-tiilies she.-sleoslss I or groom! rein-lwlrucsroinid elrslre, entree- lisy, etc.. is the bsatkind of farm prsotioe. -` ` ' __ .`§' `-_' " " = ~ , .-_‘e‘_..» ' " . _ . . ` ~ 'rho segsnrtlls one for planting the garden. Is _every farmer going to have can = lt'_;is"weil1known that whiiethe farmer `in_ay»*hase"the beirklnd ef g gig;-‘¢¢|,__§¢_g`gyl_¢‘5 _;§d¢'= _have one worthy of'_the"nan`i6.‘ "1‘ii`e__ eTx'cl.llle___g6l\- erail;”glve`is--,isp do not have time to make the garden `and th`_eli ears 4,, ,._,.»_`|,`“',,_'\5.,=,-"',.,,.,,..th°_“°u“ iommmw but ~|3,-'f1@'-'H0353' 'Il POULTRY Delnvruo - I. I ,_ _ _ ' _ __ - ,-,‘=__ _r,.:!‘3-;_e_.- »r4=_,-l»,,(_,l,_-.,g¢;,_ .' . ~ ,' . Qoyesan-no-ess-s-s-0-e-e-0-eve-evasive-sl-UOQ I _| "' A Careful 'kevisvgrthe Pnsentigsy tlllloltwlsl “i'.llllls.lell.llllllllls _.fu--'~ ., _ Good IPrleee and hogs. thrives as freely as liljthe bait parts of our northern states. Under- lgation the crops of grain, root crops, fodder and all vegetables are greater than on lands that get their moisture only from the skies. Thi man who is thinking about going over therewants to know how much it will _cost him ‘to establishhirnself after he gets his land. On this point Ihave made careful enquiry of many settlers. whose experience should be afair guide to others. - They vary in their state- ments. because they vary in their moans. in their way of doing things, and in the way they want to ~livc. ' The general opinion seems to bsthat around $2.000 will put up buildings and fencings, equip a quarter to a half sec- tion farm with all necessary stock and tools, fumish seed. pay for breaking and cultivation, and-sustain a family of say four people, thus carrying thelil overharvest time tor .the first-crop This assumes that the newcomer brings no stock, tools or furniture with him. but has to buy and pay for ali, During a. recent visit to that neigh- borhood I interviewed successful farm- ers located respectively near Gleichen, Langdon and Strathmore, within easy -reach of Calgary. Four were Ameri- oahs and one an Englishman. Ifirst asked Gaylord Gibson of Lang- don to give me an itemized-statement of what in his experience would be rc- quired. He complied by bringing don-rl a tabulation thatfooted up to $1,347. explaining that it would suffice for a successful start on a quarter section, though unless a man intended -to break and' work more than that it would do for 1a half lsection. since it includes “ook ood equipment only, with reed for elgl1ty__aores: Dwoitiing house (not including ls- hor) . . . . . . . . . . . .......‘T 125 This amount will build s small three- reoln house.. which can be made com- fortsble for thc first two years. B`a_.(|i"and small grain bin -l 50 sie ii . 3' wires. post asrinelies ""Hrt"t1 'pr oc 'foo 'r‘ ' ‘, . C P |`, ._ ' lncliidin -labor "lilo 5 not it _) ols.- carpenter and garden. . . . . plemehts-~~ ‘-‘f .- 1 - ' FiBreaking plow (gang. S74), -Ld °»r‘°'*'°~i~ ,. .E»°¢°4' ,°‘.'fl>.l.l_!=r-_ ' ,AQ '_ “"1 ‘ _ __ _-____L~=___ll ,. .f. .-nr _‘_..-1.-_ _ .. ._. -rl-', ` bow.. I' °'Ii7An`lo~'¢A~'r ll<_==r§illr-=- ~ ,__.l ,_ f:__< _l¢r,_1; _|' /.» _!' _ __ .._. ,_._-‘ - '--._ - ir l- , , , _ .- ¢';'-‘zelfr-'-,. I. _.i .z f 1 ‘..ii‘l"‘ " ”""*‘ ~ °"" ‘er tuliiftlme tHe”-' Endthe ewes .excellent moths:-s., I.,apil;s_ _dare of themselves where menibers' Of fill . I . ` _ _ __ I ny m.jc. mums. -"1 _ The outlook for profitable horse breeding is brighter in the Canadian Welt to-day _than innny other section of North America. The climate. the natural pasture, the ease with which _f°U¢:§‘ crops can be produced and the wate supply, are all conducive to the Peering of sound. horses at a very rea- sonable cost. As it requlresfour years to produce s. horse mature enough for heavy work. the demand will so far exceed ¢Y`|°___l\ll?nly as _to-insure good prices for good horses. During the past f°\U' Yearsrthe price for good. sound horses ranging in weight from 1.350 t0 1.800 pounds, and from four to SBVGH years'of_age, has never gone below 3235__i>o_r head. while the aver- BEO price has been just about $250 per head. Hors§s'w'eigiiing from 1600 to 2000 puuhds have _averaged $300 to S825) Der hobo. "°'i'he ‘chiel source of supply outdldd the limited number nt Dreaent' raised lu the West, is the P.|'G\iin_co .of;0_litil!J0,. and many farmers in that province have acquired absolute wealth from breeding horses for lhe western trade. The average receipts of horses from Ontario for the nr-st five months .of` the 'past three years were hilt-nb0ut»1300 head per month, and this lnumber not sufficient to meet the feliliirements of the trade. Ontario is no_ longer able to overtake the needs of the West. for horses and dealers report an increasing difficulty In Drocuring supplies to meet the re- quirements of thelr_trade. Men who have' for many yeslrs been in the horse business in‘the West. report that there isa growing dema-nd for western bred horses, as they are already acclimatiz- better bred.. sndmheavier horses. in fact. farmers and railway ccntrsplm-S in the ‘Canadian west are merely re- Desting the experience of older com- munities. . - The horse -breeding of western Can- ada in the past has _been mainly ranch breeding. and,these_ range horses have made an enviable' reputation all over tho`world for substance and endur- have been used and the suitability of the country to _horse ranching hr.- done the rest.. This statement as to :l convey the impression that woofer" Canada has established an expo:-i horse trade, but merely, that consii-1. crahle shipments, of_ these .western bred horses have been used-for re- mounts 'for the ‘British arlhy`in Brit. Hin. South Africa. and_Austrnl|a, and ‘ground bone once a week. 8201"! the bones st tile market and B‘i‘Ii\i-iiilii UH’-m Icies. and will proceed to devour each I 95- * The demand is also increasing tori ancei Speaking fgénerally, good sires* world reputation is_ not intended `to` NHIIIH HNIS_INN. I i _ ,_ , ll llllls ll t NN IINIIIIBNIII MINING IIIIIIII H ‘N°'E,*'Y MIN" 1° 9i|°°“¢|».B“¢ I'-Good Land is Absolute Necessity to, "‘ Success. ` _ ~ . THE NCHE PINN _' " Can 'Be-Dona ‘ - '- >l-» -_ _. , , _.,,...___._-. _ _ ` ' slwA|.l. FARM _AovAN'rAcEe. I ,fouls wolvlA_N‘s rllsrl-loos. _ ‘ ._.,.a._-;- . I BY MRs.~A`ARO5f'NE¥‘1’m"- sr H. D. oniswotm. I have one 120-'ess iiioilblwf- “im That one cow to the acre can be kei>¢ UIUBIIY “Cliff Hbmlf ENEMY °hI°k5 “H 5 I know, but you will smile and any hatching. runnin: tho movhino f°‘"` "Howl" In the first place the land times each year. It may seem a lim’ rr_il;st be good and in a high state of far- i t ft r the chicks t l ty. Big crops of corn saved in e odd' but mty frsthcaxaa 1: to dm each silo, alfalfa hay, cutting three crops in "fe “ken mm e y '_ a season, carefully cured. and sugar little bill In B IPOD" °f "em wa er' beets or mangels, will produce an im- it is surprising how much they will mense amount of cow feed per acre. drink and it really requires bug 1 short Oats and peas sawed together and cut time to do it. My idea is thai nfioi' 24 for hay, followed by rape. also yield lace at a. temperature of large amounts of feed. Pasturing is a hours in a p wasteful method on high-priced land. 103 GBKYSGS- UT ¢_\_\'°i\ \lIBI\@f» _*hey “fe The silo and soiling crops will support naturslly thirsty, and as I seldom lose any except through accident. I Bm “UW it pays. Their feed is oat flake for the first two weeks, with sweet milk to drink once a day_ .Fresh water, oi' course. is always before them, The milk takesi the place of meat, although I feed fresh at home. But meat or its substitute must be fed, otherwise the chicks quickly develop canniballstlc tenden- othcri -They must have grit at the start. The very best is that sifted from the ground shells fed to the grown iowls. it contains the necessary lime for the proper development of the growing chick. One of the principal things to be avoided in the care of » - young chicks is over-feeding. CHAMPION CHESTER WHITE For the first few dnl; \`»hfiY"31_°\ii¢z BARROW8. be fed often, as they ea very e a a time, but later, when their crops are Owned :ind raised l_>ya_iii{r. 1t)__eFi:I_`=. enlarged, they will stuff, if permitted Dlinoin. lired prlncp y xi - to, until their crops are bigger thnn,followin_l; cultle. their bodies. This should newer he ai_- _ ` iowed, except for their even ng mes. The better way is to keep them hBDIiY. more cntlle than pasturinl-“Blat _:gg It-ontented. and scratching in a littieflne not take more land In the rs llinew ' ll ii . iii - r lung short or land: ou Hglflgl-ngarhflrvveiresrtetzidiahe Ilgtls .wesktxold rI:idas“:1r=el>z»illg all taken uP- 0”’ FW' , 8 fellows will work away for their food if ernment is spending :ii_ill_l_o_l;B a0_fd¥¥;_i;_';n; given the opportunity. The incubator to irrigate tl_lf~_ ;es;%_r 1;() open dnche' chick seems born to hustle for hlmselflthem undor ru i _va orihnds té increase fmm me start’ ` and drain pm. S“amp .l-len' We already On a farm whore I aim to raise the agrlr-llillllnl area. ti _:Ret and c°n_ about 150 puliets ~each year. I use a have H0011 Ifiiiil 1109*" mf b t Vmg _“_ small broader house, heated by astove. venlent in e-vt~r_Y resl'>0§ » “ladle our ’l‘he house is _banked to keep the floor most ililr for it afrlt ;1_i`__ __mg__t°pom__ frcc from drafts. and ls always warm lark” iiiiiiis '"1 01' ‘_'q_l “_.____Mmy he_ enough to keep. the chicks comfortableliy UIIf“I- i"‘I_'I"`d “f___' ' :km me ne_ and happy. Chilling should always be cause l_llr num-rs _\\;_mli_;> ____ .une needed avoided. Chicks are only tender little ¢oSsill'\ mlillllili rl , __ birds and their bodies are so delicate heill i-- \*\'l'I< iI1“i“ i’r"l'f',' 3' that 'what seems unromforiablv hot in 'i`\-<- l\'l\i-ll'\' of 'liif i‘f\i“"\ "I“""'5 'hug ' - ,~ _ ll» a clothed grown person is hardly more lu lil l\~_\_ i*"i‘__‘_‘_I_LU"" ,I_}_‘:;td;'T‘_'__;_;_‘S wherever they have been ‘used they ,~ ,, -~. -.-'c`l‘l _'.'~: _ . should be exercised in this respect, cs- _;__\__l' _;_________ _______ _‘___ __ _‘S many to ' T ' ' feed from the sum I-und, and that our Nebraska. _ acres must producc nearly twice the d t. Our oung menrcan- I Iggiszztyrpggouhllnclred aycres of land at I I:100 per acre and expect to psy for it in lin- om way of forming- A fow acres. however. csn»bo bought. and by the _egllio cnrcful thought and study tllut lim professional man, the business lmnn or the politician puts in his work. can sul-ceed. The professional man sp:-.mls three or four years in college ami three or four more in his special lim- of work. and continues this by coiisizllitiy keeping in touch, through paper;-1 and mngazines. with all the dis- qoverlr-.-i in his special line. Even then, gh.-Quzli the stress of competition, lie mav not attain unto wealth and dis- ~ ml. "u:f7l1,|,. ...ivantsges of the small farm are many. The hauling of manure and of or-ops is carried on much faster on account of the shorter distance. In using rl manure spreader. a team and mall will iiaul two loads forty rods in the saliic time required to liuul one load two hundred rods. The some holds truc ill nearly nil the iinulinrr. Shorter dlslmlvos in getting from the building! in rim work is nil important item. Less foilrillg is reqllired, loss seed has to he glllipiivll. n smaller :lnllllilii nf capital is needed. mill taxes and general expense-s tell. lei-is The hired ` I I I 'I " I ` urn proportions _' . “IAMB ESPOIB" (44420), ROYAL BELGIAN, FOUR YEARS OLD. h0\p qu(-gllon in prnr‘til~nll_\' eliminated. ns the mnn and his children can do the Might-'about 2,100 pounds,-imported and owned by Frank lsms ef St. Paul, “,m.k',h,_ms,,1\.,.,s_ The wnrk can be ' liolie in s».=ilson,_nnll the farmer llrlves lilo work instrnd of the \\ "ii;.'“ll.reli. ne... ne;-,de t.-:ls-ia.-gnoil ~a.\'eragm-» lxltlimlth qrgggilga relied mit dit lol* hfsrli wolqtl ‘until lt ' atléifeift ther 1q_ilr.!v!iii‘a:“lIi_ ‘-1 tile’ ulise, _armor o_t'i1l'have his hgrses so, ¢¢s||1¢d_~»from_the ‘lime they a e fouls? that lightdiitleg may be performed hy‘ the three-yeah _id not. only without in-I mn. to tiitllil hut with actual advantage lo tile' farmer when he comes to work thc horses regularly. . -A reader asks if there i's any way m_ prevent hdifers from becoming “lm luliliers. i-is claims that’ it -has beenl so pllhiiehed. - ~ - if there is n~way we have not hoard nf ~\ Hard milking is owing lo me - llim. The home on lilo snizll filrm can i"?.QIHIiy for very early chicks, as cllills he kvllt \`fi0\'° "“""*'-“I- ‘IW I“‘“-“""‘_"`k mean a stunted growth if not worse. mario |i.1lIlli’i`»_ f‘;‘_‘\ i'l"_""“I ""' Ill"-"'"i¥ ' ire I.\riL], LL lofi lil: ll :llll Pilll ll~ put As I am in a position similar to thou-Im ‘H __ hmm, and 3 “,m,_|. __“._.,_,n_ and sands of other farmers' wives who rul, I" I `- , . .- _ ' -` . IIUUIUY Oi' their own. further details REI-“"“`°"f""" d'5f'Z’Uf-"I m,°\:§lf ‘I1 rl I". hnffe I0 my management may be worth at-iI5 " f:"`(“"\fa 31° TR. I1' mln() ,T tention. These have proved sutisfac-'Iwst "msc, Oh ? 1Y)'iL'.'fmf ul' I; L! i0i`Y and do not require as much time “h"“m h_mhe_ or, 511':-Hi ,rf I, rm up as one would imagim-. During the day-I"°I" fm Iranofalims gui” \s‘,‘Z.|;| ,ard th_e chicks do not reqlliro brooding, ;|;|I“"3""r 0". ff" ‘_ ro _ H bl they will lie down und go to sleep any-I5“'I‘°°\ pr.“|\eg's H Lnnre :Laila els! whore. .it night i put shout' 20 lo- mm. fmf" mme Carl] °§':.’;‘ - lt? nl<_._ gather in a hox ami rover tiloui willl aIh°““f.'f“I\‘.p_°t'°“ "M "__ rm In? ‘° rloth~tliat touches iii(-Il' little Hacks. A;'It 8"' Mgt" rfnTmp(?[N.;\ 1 .nge TN; ihey grow larger. l`e\vel~ thould hc pu\|°" _mllrp ‘;m_a!"'h Z “Gaul ff' 1);' io other By this time they are so edu--"‘“‘° I 9'; 1; qm" mr LL; "FUI, rf I; V ' _ ` _ fifty Ilcnl, e. cs n niini or ilrsc “E56 In what IBt°xpmt§gn0§ ::§Ln(llJ;:,KInllli lions. \V\‘ lluvo ili<‘r<»usoll the for- “' 5” “"` a "’“ ’“" “` lllllv or me farm until li is nlilr- copro- :_g:ah°§°;;'\f‘£_J|‘;;1p;:`_°§rg;§I;_f;v:J:“‘:\‘; rlllrc prnl-l*r-lilly all :lf tile food for this ay- ine um? thev ar-P *lx weeks old stock. \\’v fool flint we lmvo _‘|lllit lv-grin ‘ - ' ‘ ‘ lu rl-alive the |ms'=iiliiitir>=x of lin- farm IIN UNI IIIINI III _ _ p_.._,_..\_i;nii{;ir. _,It Isl l;llll_c- nlli_,. _li ll'lle\_i.lm_|m,,| ,.,,n.-wg gp; mr mouth to the par! ¢_ P *U ' “nl H25 f"l2 ‘ll lo ,C11 ' while the ollsier ls,op. tlt'nicnlllllll" 'li' i -~lI t I.ii -'~‘ como :lf fir us-.":n"'(o ln* iviw 1 Int In-ls I nlnm-rs.---'D. has a horse that has t. i,il\ls lottl0lichng__, i’.n l earn for ilu-ni. limi in.-_.»`gl\-e linen lo ‘l»1~;-n___iair;e4_ijo_\r___lv;~;»__§:e{_~e- _. i;§’.l;;l\_`a“li;:: . . . rv l - m¢:__bil_ss_illl.. ._lll_iillmlrf»drnl_