"lliniz-ce. Holy Name Hall, St. MAXIMS or A MERE MAN ,.,',?Z.,°.T§,‘ifi 33.3.‘ "" ‘ zu Icnn: 1:1...‘ i} ' g Read by Everybody Covers Prince Edward Island Like the Dew CHARLOTTETOWN, CANADA, Monnalnlijuivui: a, tie-iv 12 PAGES Thc liwc ioltcrcd by despair is ' long-lasting, MAXI MS OIA MERE MAN Subscription Delivered $6.00. Mall $5.00. other Provinces b U. S. A. 51.01 000,000 Fire Loss At Borden Early Sunday Eight Faleonvvood Hospital Nurses Graduate Tomorrow Eight Iiurses-six from Falcon- wood ilospltal and two from the provincial Infirmary-will receive their diplomas tomorrow (Tues- flgy) evening at the Hospital Auditorium from meat-Governor y, A, Bernard. 111a Hon, T. W. L. Prowse, M. LA, will preside and the ad- dress to the graduates will be delivered by Dr. F. A. MacMlllan. Following is the listof gradu- s: ‘tivinry Theresa Quinn. North Wtlishire Rita Eileen MacDonald, Mount Stewart Florence Alice Moclntyre. Bed- ford. Rosalie Alice Yco, Richmond. lielenrt Carolyn MaoCormac. Point de Roche. Maura Theresa FltzpatriclnBed- ford. tmm the Infirmary): Gladys Mae McNeill. Souris ilill. Velda Caroline Walker, St. Cathermes. WOLI-‘YIELE WOMAN DTISSING WOLFVTLIIE. NS». June 1 — (c?) Police tcdnv were search- Irglrr SOqvcar-olci Mrs. Rupert Forsyzlie, a native -.f Wtlfvdle. who l.“ been missing since Friday night. Mrs. Forsytho is a widow-of Rupert Itcrsythe who died along with linnillcg‘ hunter when they became lost on a hunting trip last iilll. Coming _Events Peter's Bay, Wednesday. June 4th. "Collecting Hogs for Canada Packers each Tuesday. Ewl Jsy. "Dunc: in Cori-an Ban Hail, lune 4th. Good imusic. "Dance. st. ‘Teresa's. Monday, lune hid. Webster's Orchestra. "Collecting Hogs for Canada Packers each Tuesday afternoon. W. franc. "Kingston Hall Friday June 6th see "Uncle Josh Perkins". Specialtres. . "Collecting l-icgs for Canada Packers each ‘Tuesday. Signed David Pratt. "Collecting Hogs each Wednes- lily morning for Canada Packers. llobt. Dawson, Crapaud. "Garden SCcds—We have s corri- ltiete stock still on hand. Arthur time»; York. "Legion Dance, Cardigan Hail, Wednesday, June 4th. Webster's Orchestra. "Kinkora Dramatic Club pre- tints "Lena Rivera" in Klnkora liall Wednesday, June 4, 2 pm. and 8.30 pm. "PW-hat Y. P. U. present "She's iiy Delay" in Orwell Hall, Wednes- tily. June 4th. Ausplces Orwell w°ii1eh's institute. Specialties. "Attention! Everyone come to inaton Variety Concert in Winsloe North Hall, lime 3rd. sale of litncbos. "lune in C, B. A. eslvillc. I80 P- it. Wednesday. June out, and hear Hon. John Bracken. M. P.. iMer of Progressive conservative Pl . ‘ha?’ gig-Coot- wlll deal with s rwifliiecting Hogs and! moods: °i' Canada Pee-hers from VOrnon "1""- Uilt. Elllotvele. Bummer- "iill- Hermitage. Avondsle and $3M. Cali anion Lu. Vernon OI, "Collecting hogs for Canada each Peidsy from Trim wit. dsrleton. Sssrletowa. con- nn Minus. Lower Bodegas. firs. Newton. Oops Traverse ruslilgldltlflld Dove. Messrs.‘ ' an eons. phone “"11” Victoria s-s. "Women's Institute drama fos- "ui finals Cornwall mu, Wed- y. June 4. York players pre- EIiJWJIIsI-Irooms Coming Up": "titan ‘The "rest use" all Quay.“ navy“ v.6». up.” Pin which broke out about lour o'clock Sunday morning complete- ly destroyed the fine residential property of Captain John L. Read at Borden. It is understood that the fire originated in the bedroom of the hired man from s mattress which had been ignited by a cig- arette. Upon discovering the fire the hired men attempted to thhw the burning mattress out of kite window before giving the ala m and in doing so was overcome by smoke fumes. It was some time before Captain Read and the family were awakened and by that time the fire had gained consid- erable headway. The unconscious man was removed to safety and an immediate alarm was sent in to the Borden and Summerside fire departments. Unforunately the equipment from Borden was found to he out of order and by the time the A. R. P. equipment from Summerslde arrived the fire had gained such headway that the residence was beyond saving. Most of the down- stairs funniiture and‘ part of the furnishing on the second storey were saved but a considerable amount of family belongings such as winter clothing and bedding were lost. All other buildings located near the house were saved through the hard work of the two departments and local residents who assisted. During the fire Captain Read narrowly escaped serious injury when a ladder on which he was standing. broke and he fell to the ‘ground, a distance of about twenty feet. A medical examination re- vealed that no bones were broken nor any internal injuries received. At the time of the fire ille- strong ,wind ’ which prevailed throughout Sunday had no-t arisen which made it possible to save the barns and other surrounding buildings. Captain Read yesterday Inform- ed ‘The Guardian that the estimat- ed loss would be about $20,000 partly covered by insurance. The hired man was reported latsr-t-to-t-bave.reecticredwfrovm...the effects of the s_moke.-S. 80,000 Eligible To llote In Halifax Riding HALIFAX. June l-(CP) -The new voting lists for the July l4 Halifax Federal by-election have been almost completed and first reports tonight estimated there were about 80,000 eligible to vote. "Al: is about the same number as listed in the last Federal elec- tion when more than 52,500 voted. Goal Strike ls Continuing GLADE BAY. N.S-. Jul-o i — (OP) - Only maintenance men wen on duty in Dominion Steel and Coal Corporaizon coltieries in Oape Breton and the Nova Scotln mainland tonight us the ilewest dtndlock between the Company and United Mine Workers (COL) dis- trict 20 continued nrithout sign of a break. Although scheduled to attend s conference at Minto. N.B., tomor- fb. to itegotigb an agreement with operators lfle. it was believe] the Union's district president Freeman Jenkins would remain here to kceP in clcsg touch with the situation which developed inst wet-k when he ordered 12.000 miners to renew their li-weeks strike. Allocation‘ 0f 4 0.ll.ll. iluota For Apprentices i OTTAWA. June 1- (Special)- Subsequent to his representations made recently to the railway and shipping committee of the House of Commons, W. Chester B. Mc- Luien Pmkreseive Conservative member for Queen's resumed this week-end correspondent; with ranking C.N.R. officials for allo- Cflitbn of s. quota. of apprentices in the raiiway's Maritime shops to Prince Edward Island. In committee session N. B. Wilton. executive vice-president of the C.N’.R. told Mr. McLure that apprenticeship arrangements had been dislocated during. the War years and had not apparently been brought back to normal. The Queen's member urged that sp- preiitices be selected on a bssls of population so that at least a fair number of Prince Edward Island- ers (‘culri be trained to become skilled machinists In the central Biivps at Moncton. Writing to Mr. \Vaiton. Mr. Mc- Lure pointed out that years ago some 200 to 300 men were cm- (Continued on Page 5 Col. 3) i. New Price Are Being Permitted llpvvartl Revision Follows llevl Itsilletlos In Insert Subsidies; Soap. Gotten Products Included. ass Memorial Day Deaths In The ll. S. NEW YORK. June 1 —(AP)~ The list of Memorial Day week-end deaths in i110 United State; nun. lured 3-33 today. even before ‘tho homeward movement of motorists from their holiday haunts reached full tide. Traffic mishaps killed 146 per- sons. Forty-cine were drowned Other violent deaths from mlscei. laneous causes. including the two worst accidents in the history of the country's airlines which ac- counted for 95 fatalities. totalled 146. The death toll was for ahead of that for last year's four-day Mem- orial Day holiday in which 292 persons died. 164 in. traffic sc- cidents. Rumors 0f Ship To Load Pit Propsln Getrtoivn The Swedish motor ship Ske- fors arrived in Georgetown early yesterday from Summerside where B Partial cargo. consisting of ap- proximately 60,000 Slifiis 0f polo- toes had been loaded for Great Britain. The remainder of the cargo. some 600 cords of pit props ivi "Llieslantlei. gLnGgptg-BXBWD .--- - The Iiii props. cut in various places i-rl the Eastern part of the iProvlnce during the winter, have been trucked to Georgetown and loading is expected to begin this morning and to be completed in two to three days. Ll-ke the pota- toes. the props are to be unload- ed at Southampton. England. They are being loaded by the Bergmsnn Construction Co. The Ekefors was brought into Georgetown-n by the veteran pilot ‘Temple Gotel. with co-pilot Vic. tor Refuse. She is a new sltlp. equipped with electric winches and has accommodation for nine passengers. The keel for the Ekefors was laid down during the Ivar. with tlic vessel actually ordered by the German Government. But one de- lay followed another and the Swedish builders were only per- tiallt’ through with tha job when VE-Day came. It was learned that duriclg the Ivar the Swedish owner uscd a speed bcat he owned to get persons wanted by the Gestapo out of both Denmark and Norway. Body 0f Missing Man Found Weighted In lake BRIDGEWATER. N.S.. June 1-. (cm-a coroner: jury. investi- gating the death of Delbert Teal, 50. whose body was found in near- by Island. Lake. scUmtr-iled for g week Saturday after vlewim the body. 'l‘cal was found by a party who had been dragging the like bottom since his CliSHPPOIYI-flv: from his Caperdown. N. 8.. homo May 17. His body was weighed by 50 pounds of rocks tied to his waist by rope. WASHINGTON. Juno 1 -<AP)- The Imitod States Agriculture De- partment wanted Saturday that destructive erotic-his and dim storms will plain; sooner or later. They may start next month. or they may not come for 20 years. mt st is probable the Department said. that they will hit within five 7 earl. when they do some. the! l" lggly so be more severe and lrwrc destructive, the Depsrttnent said. than those cf the ‘3°l "him brotlht ruki to thousands of farm- s“ and destruction to thousands of acres of rid: soil. This forecast of mtutviinl till" storms was made in s. bulletin te- susd by the Department's soil eon- eervotion service. ting the denser. the '1 s» lr mmfontrl‘. no thorn- mllselg fllfl. is the fact ulatmenv fsrmerssrenlflvheur vii i° return to the great Expect Dust Storms 0i 30's To Return To West grow wheat st present-day ed- vantageous prices. It ssid others, in- fluen-ced by favorable livestock prices. are stocking ranges too heavily. ' “Soil erosion on unprotected land will probably be worse durum the next severe drought than dur- lng the last one," the Department said. "Most of the soil will blow loon- er next time. Much of the land that blew before has not recovered from the damage. A large mt d ins organic matter and f soil particles were blown swsy and the granular Qmltltlle o! the soil was broken down." The Department said It will tskc years of good fanning to new" good soil stgeture to lend“ on during e sst doom . this is done. the sell. is more lio- ly to blow when exposed to high winds. Impending Troublelleard lnlndia NEW DELHI. June 1 —(AP)— Reliable but unconfirmed reports 0i. 81in runni-HS» troop movements 841d religious communities arriving a themselves for conflict spread here e itoday on the eve of one of the most momentous weeks-tn Indlu history. 0n Monday Lord Louis Moimt- bstten, Britain's last vioeroy in s century and a half of rule, will dis- close to India's political leaders His Majesty's Government blue- print for transferring power to the Indians. Before the week is out the 400,000,000 people who make this the second most populous-country in the world should know whether their laud ls to be united or divid- ed, peaceful or rent by continued bloody Hindu-Moslem battle. Since it became knc-wn that the British blueprint would be impart- ed June 2, tension has been rising Reliable sources said gun running has grown up from Burma and Afghanistan. Jeeps have been pur- chased in large numbers and driven into Indian states. Large collect- ions of amps are reported beinfl made in some of tihe princely states. many of which already have strong armies and considerable left-over war equipment Some of the religious communit- ies have been reported encourag- in-g the organization of private armies. Police and military officials at Calcutta completed rims for e de- fensive cordon about that city- Nigtht movements of tract)! 1° strategic areas in the city were re- pol-ted and an almost deserted war-time military camp began fili- lng up again with troovi- 111W“? Indian. Police extended to June 7 one 7 pm. to 6 l.m. curfew in six areas which have been under sl- most continuous our!“ i" it'll“ tmonths. llugo Swarm 0f Locusts Reported GUATEMALA. Guatemala. June l-Tbe Guatemalan Ministry of Agriculture announced today that a swarm of locusts was extendina over more than 6500 square miles uf ll Salvador, two-fifths of the country, and menacing the Gust- cmslsn frontier. This is the same locust plague cross Costs Rice. Nicarlliil and a corner of Honduras about s‘: months llo. ‘ CONNELISVILLE. Pm. J1me 1- (APr-Atn Armtv AT-6 monoplsne coming in tow for a landing. struck the cab of a rmving circus trailer truck on s highway today. killing the driver. although the plot es- caped with minor hurts: Davis Morris. 30, died in hospit- al of internal injuries. l-le was a mechanic for the Dormon Brothers which moved a-_ IPIIVGPQHSQS OTTAWA. June 1—(CP)—New, controlled price mcresses on a sntail list of commodities, includ. in: soup and cotton products will result from s. further rcdtiction in import. subsidies being pal-d by the Government on imported cot_ ton and cotton products. inedible fats for the making of soap and some imported leathers, the Prices Board announced tonight. The re- duction is effective tomorrow. In the cotton field the subsidy reduction amounts to 2.8 cents a bound. bringing the Canadian base price for raw cotton from 24.4 to 27,2 cents a pound. The action will be accompanied by a realignment of the domestic price structure for fabrics and yarns to remove Idi-storted price relationships which have develop- ed since the base period in the fall of i941." the Board said. This in turn will reduce the amount of subsidy payable on imported fab- rics and yarns in order to bring them into Line with the domestic price. At the terns time. the Board announced minor adjustments in the prices of rayon and rayon fab- rics to offset increased costs of certain imported materials. Board officials pointed out that the price changes will eventually affect prices of some cotton and rayon products. For example. fine shirts will probably go up about 25 cents. Prices of work clothing. however. will not be affected. New‘ Soap Prices Partial removal of the inedible fats subsidy will result in price increases to the consumer of ap- proximately one cent a bar on toilet sea-p, two cents on laundry soap and the small size package of reap flakes, five cents on the medium szie package of soap flakes. andun cents on the giant size packages of soap flakes. officials said that for the first time in more than five years manufacturers’ prices will be slightly above the 194i bass period t price levels. To offset the increased costs of raw and pickled sheep. goat and kid skins resulting from the re- ductlon or elimination of import subsidy on skins and leathers. maximum prl-ces for leather made from these skins will be increas- ed by lo per cent the Board said. Prices of gloves made from these leathers will be increased by five per cent at all trade levels. $10,000 Sawmill Firs llear Monoton MONCTON. N.B.. June 1 — (OP) -r'i~:o which broke cut lll a saw- mill in the Ester-runs Mill Road ares. i0 miles from here. .ast night caused damage estimated at ol- most 810.000 before being brought under control today. The mill was owned by Yvonne Degree cf St. Anthony. N3. The blaze threatened to spread to piled lumber and logs before be- ing subdued. Flames Jumped from the mill into sawdust piles and slab heaps. endangering surround- ing stands of timber. KILLED AT Alli SHOW RALEIGH, N.C., June 1 -—(AP)-— Two men were killed today when their light plane crashed in full view of 5.000 spectators st an air show dedicating Raleigh's new civilian air patrol field. The dead were listed as Walter B. Bruce. 22. s passenger. and H. L. Bdbbitt, an hutructor at the field. - The plane was flying with two other! Ln l. dcmonstrstion of a precision spin. The plane went into the spin and never osine out. PHILADELPHIA. June l-(AP) -A pilotlsss navy "drone" plane crashed before thousands of spec- tators at the Philadelphia world sir show during a demonstration of radio-controlled flight. No one was injured. In commenting on the increases. i one of l8 originally accused fol- lowing the royal commission in- vestigation of Russian espionage activities in carious. Hrnry Hai- ris, TQfQfllQ optometrist. is SEER here after the Ontario court of appeal quashed iii-s (‘C~'.l\'i.‘liOli and freed him of a five-it'll? Penile” tiary term. yi25tAretttliilleti’ iBy Tornadoes LEEDEY. Okla. June 1—(A.P)—A roaring tornado killed six persons. injured about 05 and levelled three-fourths cf this WWII 0i 509 saturday night. The only thing that kept the toil from going higher. observers agreed after viewing the wreck- age that was Leedey in daylight. was a warning sounded to Satur- day night crowds by Jack Sapp. alert telephone worker. Sapp saw the storm form and approach Leedey and turned on the town's fire siren and shouted warnings over a loudspefliief- By the time the twister hit, the streets were clear and l " t: of this tornado-conscious area were huddled in storm shelters. PINE BLUFT. Ark.’ June l— (AP)—At least l0 persons. 1l of them negroes. were killed today when a tornado swept a path of destruction south of Pine Bluff. Chief of Police Met Gallagher re- ported. ‘The tornado swept a path from one to five miles wide for an un- determined distance. apparently striki-ng first southwest of Pine Bluff, heading in the direction of the city and than turning back south. The scene of the storm was mainly in an agricultural section. Not a house was left standing on one plantation where it struck. Gallagher said.’ (By Syd Thoma) LONGUEUm. Que, June I- (UEO-Buffeted by squall: as it attempted a landing on the chOPPY St. Lawrence River here. a Bellanca Skyrocket seaplane plunged into the water late this afternoon, carrying three Toronto mining men to their death. Al the pilot. Jim Mathewson. glided tn from the landward side to set down intthe basin near the Psirchild aviation plant across the river frdm Montreal, he apparent- 1y lost control of the light plane. It shcered off pert of a tree and plummeted into the water s few yards from shore. Wi-th Mathewson in the plane were Tucker Harris and S. B. Smith. sll employed by the Nor- snccn Exploration Company of Toronto. Resident! of the waterside com- munity attempted to rescue the men. imprisoned in their upturn- ed plane, but by the thne the UNIVERSAL MILITARY TRAINING iN u. s. URGED ——~— | By MAX HALL i WASHINGTON, June i-tsri-l A Presidential commission advised I the United States today to start‘ a $l,'l50.000,000-a-ycar system o i universal military training for 18- 1 year-old! and spend more billions ' for defence or invite “extermin-i ration" in atomic warfare. i The President's advisory com-J mission on universal training ‘ headed by Dr. Karl Compton, re- ported that “our military forces, are a hollow shell." It said the American army hasi forces have only 2 1/3 full com- bat. divisions available for duty. The nine civilians of the Com- i mission said American involve- ment in war could come “at any time" through some aggress on in a distant part of the world. More Troops, Not Less The commission rejected the argument that atomic bombs and other new weapons have elimin- ated the need for mass military forces in wartime. On the con- trary, it said that in a future war. more troops, not less, would be quickly required “for home de- fence, for effective counter-at- tack. and for complete victory." Therefore the commissioners re- commended imanirnousiy- despite “a considerable disparity of view- point." among them before they‘ began their study—that Congress. adopt. “at once" a plan for com- pulsory training of all 18-year- old males. ' been "dismantled" and the ground l‘ "°"'“"'°'“""" Presidential Commission Advises Huge Program T0 Avert Extermination Money, Tohaeoo Stolen From Local Plant The lobar-to iuixiory of I-fickey anti Nicholson. Ltci, ivas broken lilii) lite Saturday night and be. tween two and three pounds of 1 H iii W911 H1 Sll from the i I r 1' siolcn. 1 Entry, City Police said. was rt‘. .10 from a rcui‘ dear on Heliiley Slrroi. Til? D011“ are working on the c350. ACTRESS D1355 NEW YORK. June 1 _rAp)._. Adrienne Amos. 39. stage ssrecn actress. atnd radio mentator died Saturday. _She entered motion pitgtujgg aocut l5 years ago. appearing in such films as "The Road to Reno" and "George Whites sogndglg," For the last six years she was a l-lollvtsocd and Broadway som- mzntator for a New York rado station. Jul is tit holiili or Bliivt-t-‘pflililiiiiit lttiltv Aitt vrvilfw Congressional leaders of both, parties commented that there is! no chance for action on universal i training at this session. Theyi noted it has rio place on the} schedule of the Republican lead- .§‘-‘§iiiP 1112100105.. a." “d-ipiirnmfiii; July 3i. The plan proposed by the Pres- idents advisory group would place i control of universal training un- der a special three-man commis- sion of two civilians and one mil- ilary representative. rather than the armed services themselves. t All physically-fit young nicn 1 would be required to undergo stii months of basic training in camps or on ships when they reach that age of l8 or when they finish; their secondary schooling. which- ever is later. After that: they, would be required to take further l training equivalent to an addit- ional six months. Special train- ing was proposed for those physi- cally disabled and for conscient- , ious objectors. ‘ The commission said the pro-, gram could not be justified on (Continued on Page 5 Cci- 3i Montreal To Halifax ltall Traiile Delayed ; TRURO. N. S., Julne l ~—(CP)- Rail trafiic on the Canadian Nat- ional Railways main line front Montreal to Halifax was delayed for seven hours last night when seven coal hoppers of a. jumped the rails between East Mine; crossing and Debcrt, near here. The Montreal-Halifax express train Scotian was delayed for lev- ernl hours wihile wrecking crate-n cleared the track. No one was Injured in hhe derail- M011!- Throe Mining Men Are t Killed In Air Crash craft was righted more than an hour later all were dead. One wing was torn off and the plane badly battered, but it stay- ed sfloat, swept downstream by the swift current until the cabin filled with water and it touched bottom, only five or si-x feet at that point, James Dinar-do. one of the vill- sgers who sided in the rescue work. said he was certain the men could have been saved if equipment had been available to rl-ght the craft. "It was an hour later before we would get it turned ovsr," he said. "We tried to tum it with ropes. but they kept breaking, and one or two of the boats were filling with water. It was choppy there. By the time we could get to the men it was too late. They could have been saved if we'd had seme- thing to get them out." The craft was finally drlgged (Continued 0ft Pile 5 Ooi. O) i Charlottetown —. frolglt-i , ‘ft initiates 9 TORONTO. Julie l (OP) — Minimum and maximum tempera- tures: Dawson 3i. 5i; Vancouver 54. 68; Jasper 40. 60; Edmonton 4-3. 53; Regina 35. 64; Winnipeg 29. Di; Port Cliurilllill 3's, 35: Port Ar- thur 36. 57; White River 39. -; North Bay 49. 58; '1'0I‘0Xl'.u 49. 61; Ottawa 52, 6'1; Montreal 50, '70; Quebec 48. 5'7; Saint John —, 59; Moncton 38, 72; Halifax 46, 66; 09; Sydney '10. 68; Yarmouth 50. 63. HALIFAX. Junt- 2 -- iMonday) —tCP) — Synopsis and official in- land sveatller forecasts issued b)’ ithe Dominion Public Weather Of- ifice at Halifax at 12.15 AM. Mon- dnv. iitiiopsis; On ine first day of June the uvcnthcl‘ ilvas sunny ll’: the southern ‘pint of the Mazitimes with mod- gcrate tr-nlllertii urrs bu: strong I winds. Showers spread across i‘ r t r l New Bruiiflvick during ilw do; nrrl into Prince Edward Island in tile eve-ting. Ccoier tIIPLl rorthcril Giucocc ha’. reach- ed the Saint Lawrence River and i; expected t.» spread scuthcastivrird Monday to rr-acli Prince Edward Island and Colic Bxeion by 1H)- uitiiz. Showers rind overcast skies prccede ilie cold nir in the south- ern hlaritimes ifcimnsts valid midnight: Prince Edwrtrcl Is anti: overt-as: with showers, clearing during the Iiigjit but beccmint! ovcrcnsl again with showers Men- dny evening. Somewhat warmer. Light winds. lmreasiiig by midday »tn southwest 20. High Monday at E Charlottetown 7a. ,,;.. until Monday High tide this morning at 9.28 and tonight at 10.41. Sun sets this evening at 7.40 and rises tomorrow morning at 4.16. Full moon June 3rd. 2.27 P. M. Summerslde tide eighteen mint utes later than Charlottetown- CAB FERRY "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND‘ Daily Except Sunday. Leave Borden st 8.40 A.M-. 1 PM 4.30 P. M. Leave Tormentine s: 10.05 A. M. 2.40 P. M. 730 P. M. . SUNDAY Leave Borden 8.4!) P. M. Leave Toimontins 0.00 P. ll-