SEPTEMBER 23¢ 2 i! _ KQICZHZHlNQH-IICEMiHEH Jack Miner A nd The Birds 51 Jack Minor Hhnelf-A Hieiorycf ‘This Notable Bird Iflyfl-‘g Life i '-' i=2 -,- "Prevention 0f i329.‘ Mechanical Injuries To Potato Tubers QHAPTEB V BOB WRIT! QUAIL M, as z had swwn from bor- hood to man and had become the fgthei‘ in a little “home, aweet home;- my responmbilities naturally m,“ m; to take life a little more Imugjynuhsaaboyloveaiogc “mg-wt and play marbles in the mrjyjg cf the year, when fa.1l came my whole body and soul seemed to "w, Que for just one sup fo pure. upsduliarahd nature. and many m4 many a mornlns. after I have W; cver to the factory and built I my under the boiler, have I taken | stroll by twilight, before break- mg, 5nd stepped up into a fence corner, leaned e-gulnst the old mu; and stood and breathed the pure air of a, new-born day. Pos- pbly the awishing-sh-sh-sh of s. flock of small wild ducks might be heard overhead as they darted their way southward: the note of the wood-thrush might also be noticed. and the flirtter of the deer old "ycodcockb wings have sometimes nmcst caused me to flinch. Then u the last ltara were cleoim their 9y“ for the day and the white we drlfiills arrows. Not that he gets B"? of his living there, but just fliel time for shelter during the severe storm; of winter, As to them becoming ac numer- ous as to quarrel and not breed. quail do not nest or breed in the woods. When we came to Canada 1n 1618 there were twenty-five where there hasn't been one during the last ten years. I am euro I have $8611 one hundred and fifty quail on an ordinary farm: and this ohimse is not because the wire fence has taken the place of the rail, eta. All these excuses are false and without foundation. low here is the positive fact: ‘lie great mistake the sportsmen have made is that they have directed all their attention on the death-deal- ing weapons, as tohow to destroy the quail. The breech-loader has taken the place of the old muzzle- loader; the six-shot pump gun has taken the place of the double-ber- rellcd breech loaders; the quick nitro-exploaivea have when the place qf the slow black powder; and thus we 110W gone on and on for the iaet thirty-five year-s, to my (m: of the early-October moming became visible on the top rai1,_awe.y to the eaat would come the faint ‘esii of the quail. That voice would hardly die out beforo he fhther c! another family would start cali- ing the roll, right in the next field; then one to the south: anchor bevy near the woods, to the north; and lgain to the west would some these cheerful notes; until the frosty air would fairly ring all around me, with the melody of Bob White's roll 0e11, the head 0f the fs/lnily calling and each nwmber answering. And ifaililwclkarsdnonehmiflng, 1n about three minutes all is still and one would not lcnow there was IQUMIIHthQGGHIH1,ID-1OIOI hawk happened to dart among them: than a shrill alarm b given. and all buzz for cover. .Ncw it 1e said that there never ‘an a tsibe of heathen discovered ' ht did not worship some kind d iicl. This I am not prepared to prove. But I will say this: That no intelligent man can live in this peat, out-of-dcors and study the creatures that occupy it before man ins any control over them, combin- ed with the regularity of the sun, moon and whispering stars, without bcinz compelled to believe that there is an over-ruling Power. And although I had not read s. word cm the value of our quail, this thought often presented itself to me: "What did God put them here for?" Yes, loan recall time, and time again, when, after I had Ofllptled the quail out cf my hunting-coat pocket‘ I have gone to the kitchen door and thrown out by the handful the weed-seed that had worked out o! their buratcd crops; and how often in the aimamer, I have seen them picking insects, as they atrutted by m1’ 111111118 place! No. I am proud f» my. 1 have ram shot a quail in ‘_ “my "WWW years, and I am still Pmuder to say that I have this much confidence in humanity, thm today there wouldn't be one qugil ghot where there are five, if these shoot- "! would first consider‘ their, cheer- fulnoss, beauty and value while alive. For one Bob White sitting on the icp rail, sounding h‘a beautiful “m- brlnls more gladness and more chem- to more people than twenty- flve will in a bloody game-sack. . ' Now about the only argument the h“ ‘hwtfl h” to put up is that "it who fence has taken the place _ of the old rail and weedy fence row “d h" destroyed their cover, and that u m didn't shoot them the ‘Null would only fight, one among “it others, and would not nest. I am “° 1"" to My um mu man has no brains, but I w:1l say that the ‘Whine or his trigger-finger u» niece "mfihius 11M got control of his brains; and when I hear him blow- luz or: this nun r time father's 4 rtfivice, and "drop it." For the pos- lve fact is that the old fence row h‘ “"1 MWIYB was, the worst death ‘"1’ "mt queu ever took anemi- m. 3:1 tight of a sportsmanu ambi- md u‘ to see them alight there; e llwwliirg house-cat has a 3°" “dvdntlsc there; and when march comse, mat is just the place ‘Mk for a bunch of dead quail— gush that sorflit shelter them urmq the winter months, were zilluilinocr. and died. an thinking m‘ u i1 admit that when quail n N111 need of shelter, this old -_ l knowledge, thoughtless and ignorant cf what we were doing, not taking into consideration at all the increasing number of shooters, War by year, imtil st last we have wsked ilp to nnd that our hint have decreased over ninety per cent. during that time. Has the wire fence destroyed m; ducks, the beautiful trumpeter swans, our mourning doves, the woodcocka and meadow-lurks? These migrat- ory birds have decreased the same aa our Ontario quail have, and God- Kivm intelligence, wrongly directed, is responsible for it all. Now just picture North America if, during the last thirty-five years.‘ we had paid as much attenion to the protection and inor-eaae of our birds as we have to these death- dealing weapons. What a. cheerful difference it certainly would have madoi "we About toil Natl I80 I started to protect the quail in earnest. I made eight feed-racks. The boxes are eight inches square and four inches deep. The cover is shout three feet wide and almost one foot from the feed. If a lime mow does drift in. it is very light and the birds will scratch and get the feed, as no sleet or rain can reach it. ‘R10 (lull soon found the food and 1 was agreeably lurprised to see the number of tracks around theseracksthefirsttimelwentto visit hem; but when 1 returned three or fow- dare later chm was scarcely s. quail to be seen. On m. vestigation I found that the hawks had apparently struck the Klon- dyinoftheirliveasnditwaaal- moatauredeathfolobtogoneer the feed, as Mr. Ha/wk was always watching. ' Then I bought a few No. 1 jump traps and cut three poles, fifteen 0r twenty feet long and from four to five inches through at the butt. I, then drove three or four small nails in the butt-end of each pole, to stay the trap and keep it from blowing off, but leaving it free en- ough lo that when it caught its victim he could fly up and misc the trap off the top of the pole. A sruull brush-clog was fastened u, m; end of the chain and a nail was driven in the side of the pole about a foot from the trap, to hang the 010g ou- About six or eight small staples were driven in around the pole, near the trap, to put mg. ments of weed and greag in go u to disxuise the trap, making 1e ‘p. DEB-r like an old spar-cow's neat. Then I stood the polo, with the butt up, beside another mull u" go that the boughs of the tree would PPOJBot a foot or so above the trap: then wired the p019 to m, tree, When a. hawk or owl gets his toe in such a trap there is nothing solid f0!‘ 119111 $0 jerk 3.3311152, but hg Mn fly down with the trap md (figs, and isn't apt to jerk out. Moreover, number one is not up there, fia/p- Plniz, to scare him and make him shy-oi’ this pole. I have known them time and again. to alight on the same pole and then fly down and kill and eat the hawk below who was flapping around with the trap and clog. M Proof that bfrds visit the same places. I will say that I haven't a’ 15 Yklthlng but a fennel haw‘ In a fill-y drawback quail 0M0 “ ‘llVcstorn Ont-arc, and 1n| N‘ ' 5- “~11. is the dssppearing of Woods that sheltered them from caught over fifteen hawks and owl: down there in any one winter, in those three traps since. (Continued on Pug; 14) when hawk number two comes along‘ (Experimental Farms Note) For some years farmers in the potato growing sections oi’ Canada] have been reminded of the neces- sity c! preventing mechanical in- juries to potatoes whether grown for seed purposes or for table use. The most common mechanical injuries are cuts, cracks. skinning and bruises. Outs. are most notice- able but bruises are considered of greater importance because what may appear tn be a minor bruise jg actual] an area of crushed tissue giving rise to many internal cracks the forerunners of storage mtg yo. suiting from mechanical injuries and responsible for appreciable losses. Of the agencies causing such injuries the potato digger ia the chief oflender. The potatoes may also be damaged as they are‘ picked up and hauled in the ceb‘ 1B1‘. It has been determined ex- perimentally that tubers are injur- ed but very slightly when poured from a height of 80 inches, howev- er, injury by cracking and bruising is very severe. As a further precau. tion against such injury the newly due Potatoes should be left exposed to the air for at least 30 minutes. Furthermore, the potatoes should‘ be reasonably mature as tuber; crack very easily if they are still growing rapidly at dissing time. By uvoldius lets Dlantins this source 0! 11111111 may be materially re- dueed. Since most of the injuries are caused by the digger it should be selected with care and adjusted to insure the least , " damage f0 the crop. Accordingto authorities on the subject diggers should be at least M inches in width and oper- ated deep enough to dig m; w“. toes without cutting. sufficient dirt should be elevated over the chain to cushion the potatoes and the roar should be adjusted just him enough to free the potatoes from the soil but not too high lest bruising occurs. It is usually ne- cessary to pad the digger chain, especially if the potatoes are im- mature. If fire soil is damp it may stick to the rcda and offer suitable in; __.-- lforms. Where mussel mud is near THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN %I-:§:-:§:-:r'=—=:-:§ The Value o: Ground Limestone (Experimental Farms Note.) In the economical management of any farm in the Maritime Prov- incea, the production of large quantities of legumes, such sa red clover, is cf prime importance. In securing a stand of this valuable crop there are many controlling factors which play an important part, such as soil fertility, abund- ance cf manure and organic mat-l tea, hardy and fresh seed and rm- dom from weeds. The limiting fac- tor, however, in perhaps the maj- ority of cases Ls lime in one of its at hand, satisfactory results are obtained from its use. but in loc- alities where mussel mud is not easily obtained, ground limestone is to be preferred. It is cheap, effec- tive, easy to apply and may be sown at any time of the year. 0n Prince Edward Island Illus- tration Stations, especially Iona, Wood Islands, Montague, I-‘ted Point and Rose Valley, it has been found that an application of ground limestone was absolutely necessary in order to secure a eat- isfactory stand of red clover 'I‘heI soil at the above-mentioned stat-‘ ions is distinctly acid. At the first ,' three it blight and sandy, while' at Red Point and Rose Valley it is a. clay 10am. At these latter two stations the physical condition of‘ the soil was noticeably improved. Remarkable increases in yields of clover have been obtained from the uae at limestone. In 1932 from nine stations the yield of clover with- out limcstcne was 0.88 of a ton, while with limeatoie 1t was 1.35‘ tons, or an increase of b8 per cent. At Montague the unlimed plot yielded 0.96 0d’ a ton,while the lim- ed plot yielded 2.26 tons. an in- crease of 137 per cent. At four stations in i981 the yield of clover without ‘-' tone was 0.00 of a ton, and with limestone it was 1.64 foneperacmorinotirerwcrds an increase due to the limestone of 173 per" cent. Needless to say the quality of the clover on the lim- ed areas was much superior to that on the irntreated areas- During the past few years on the stations it has been the practice to add three pounds of alfalfa to the gram mixture. Wirfle only s few satisfactory stands have as yet protection. When the soil is so dry that it sifta through the chain or belt other measures must be taken and for this it is preferable to split pieces of rubber hoee and tie them around the rods. Similarly it is hifihly important to Dad all hard sud solid PB-Yts of the digger with which potatoes maycome in contact. Any ‘ditional informa- tion may be obtained by writing ec Your ‘ Dominion Laboratory of Plant PsthclogyP-R. 11.. Hurst, Dominion Laboratory of Plant Pa- thology, Charlottetown, P. E. I. Lobster Stimulus For Stomach Juices (Fisheries News Bulletin) Investigation carried on by Do- minion fisheries scientists has dis- closed that the flesh of the lobster is a powerful stimulus for the juices of the stomach. Previous work done in this field at the Atlantic Biological Station of the Biological Board of Canada-the fisheries research body operating under the control of the Dominion Minister of Fisheries - had shown that the flesh of the haddock caus- es the stomach in secrete its juices in much the same fashion as beef, and the later studies have now re- vealed that lobster causes consider- ably more juice to be secreted than in the case when haddock is eaten. Lobster meat, says a progress report by the Biological Board research worker who has been dealing with this particular problem, "stimulates the stomach glands to produce a much greater volume of the juice and also a higher amount of the digestive enzyme." , In carrying on the research the investigator‘ did not consider lobster and haddock cnly ,but cod and mackerel as well. What he found was that " s far greater amount cf juice was poured from the stomach walls upon 250 grams of lobster than upon the same amount of cod, had- dock, cr mackerel. It is therefore believed,” he writes, "that this large amount of juice should greatly fac- ilitate the digestion of lobster. This fact"--and here is one of the im- pcrtant points- "should be of great value to people suffering from a functional depression of the stom- ach juice." So fer as volume of jaw. secreted is ccncemed, the tests showed lob- ster flesh the greatest stimulus, then mackerel, then haddock, tnen cod. Lobster ranged well ahead but there was not a very great spread between mackerel and haddock or haddock been secured, it may be said to be gradually establishing itself. At each and every stat/ion ithe growth of alfalfa has beenhoticeably sup- ericr on the areas which received an application of ground limestone in recent years-R. O. Parent, Do- minion Experimental Station, chllT1fl1i"fO\Vll, P. E. I. Flax Growing Countries Canada and the Irish Bee State are the only Empire countries other than the United Kingdom produc- ingflax in any appreciable quantity. The production of the United King- dom comes mainiy from the United Kingdom acreage in Northern Ire- land, and, in reference to this it is interesting to note that seed has been grown for the Department of Agriculture of Northern Ireland by the Fibre Division of the Dominion Experimental Farms at Ste Anne d8 la Pocatiere, in the province of Que- bec. In Russia and Poland and in the neighboring countries, a con- siderable quantity cf flax is grown primarily for the seed, from which the oil is extracted and used in cooking or as a substitute for other edible fats. Only a poorer grade of flax fibre is obtainable under such conditions, but where purchasing power and standards of living are low, retting 1a nevertheless carried out. In addition, however. the dolgdn- eta variety, which is grown chiefly for the fibre, is cultivated upon a large scale in Russia. However, the best flax is obtained where fibre is made the primary object, says the Empire Marketing Board, and where water containing certain special qualities is available for rotting, as in Northren Ireland, Belgium and France. The difference between the two types of production is de- monstrated in the fact that upon the figures available, Russia's yield averages. 1% cwts, per acre against as much as 8 cwts. in France and Belgium. According to the 11811185 for 1931, the world area under flax waa 0,643,000 acres. _W to output was given when lobster was taken, but both haddock and cod had more effect than mackerel. "After cod and haddock there was} a much larger volume of juice sec- reted in the first hour than in the’ second hour. After lobster and‘ Z=== much more favourable for DERS Selecting The Laying Stock (Experimental Farms Note) It is advisable to star-t selecting the laying stock just as soon as possible after the pullets are fully feathered out. First of all, select e11 pulleis from your best matings. That is,‘ the pulleta selected for laying stock" should be from dams that have laid‘ at least 175 eggs averaging 24 oun- ces per dozen and better still, from dams having 300 eggs to their credit sired by a cockerel whose dam has laid 200 eggs per year with an aver- age cf‘24 ounces per dozen. I There are three types of pul1ets| usually found in the flock. The first‘ is the clean-cut, deep-bodied, close-i iy-feathercd, angular bird that is always alert. The second is the round-bodied, loose-feathered, slug- gish bird that fattena readily and very seldom proves to be a profit- able egg producer. Then °ne will generally find a few that are per- haps a. combination of the two types just mentioned. It is well, then, to select the lay- ers from the first type or group, put them on a range by themselves and perhaps go over them once or twice again before they are put into their winter quarters. It is extreme- ‘ ly advisable in the interest of eco- nomic production to satisfy your- self that you are not retaining in the laying flock pullcts that do not conform fairly closely to the first type previously described. Experience has taught us that the individual that conforms to the egg producing type ta one with s. deep body, as‘ measured from the front of the breast-bone to the centre of the back; a deep gradually tapering flat side, wedge shape: a long, straight back carrying its v/idth well out to the base of the tail. The keel or breast bone should be large and parallel with the back. A good ‘full breast and plenty of width at the pelvis are desirable. Dc not over- look the head as it h an excellent index of quality. The head should be clean-cut, medium in length, deep, wide and more or less flat, the width increasing uniformly from beak to a point directly behind the eye. The eye should be large, bright and prominent. A smooth, clear, lean akin over the facade desirable. The matter of selection is made easier when the birds are of uniform size. Therefore, it is good practice to try to have all hatches come of! within as short a. period as possible. At the Experimental Farm, Nappan. it has ..hcen found that from April lat to 15th makes a. very suitable period, Use only good sires, preferably pedigree birds and select carefully the laying stock and you will find that the poultry flock rs one of your most profitable sources ef farm re-v- enue. Natures Potassio Fertilizer The ashes of wood have long been recognized aa a fertiliser of very considerable value, indeed their use in agriculture ia historic, says the Dominion chemist. In all coun- tries practising agriculture, including Canada, they have been highly prized, especially for clover. grapes and fruit trees and leafy crops generally on sandy and light loams. It was only through the advent of high-grade potash salts that their use fell on’, though, of course, the production of ashes in decreasing quantities c1. late years, owing to the disappearance of our forests. has been an import-ant factor in making it more and more diiilcult for the farmer in the older settled districts to obtain them. They are essentially s potassic fertilizer. Ashes of good quality, that is, dry, unmixed with sand and unleashed, contain between 4 per cent and e 1-2 per cent potash, the average potash content being about t 1-7 per cent. This potash is in a soluble form and hence immediately available for crop use. Moreover, the potash exists in these ashes in a condition (the carbonate) the nutrition cf plants than in more commonly used compounds and should be worth at least 1 cent per pound more than in the latter. In fact, there is no better potaaeic fer- tilizer. "===I-I¥Z-Z%HEX%H%RZ In addition w their potash, wood ashes contain some 2 per cent phos- phoric acid and from 20 to 30 per cont carbonate of Fmc. ‘This en- hances their fertilizer valuc and makes them in a sense an all- round fertilizer for supplying the mineral elements required by crops. mackerel the volume of secretion‘ Further. wood ashes C0???" “Wily-i was lea in the first hour than in} a condition detrimental to the Inside. Send by mail . ‘and-rim. ;.;:éx§:-:s:-csxmx§xaus3HE-=§=-=§:-:E==xa:ur§x§xaxs x§xax§xswaasxaxaz-csxnix_xsxx:c €!-:§:-:$x%x FARMERS, STQQEK BR EE_ A131‘); Honey=Producers Duty to The Consumer (st-pal ental Farms Note) In the case of a food product the producer owes to the consumer ex- treme care in preparation of that product for the market to see that it is wholesome, clean. attractively packed and equal to the standards under which it is advertised and labelled. The honey producer had things very much his own way until s. few years ago because de- mand excccded supply and honey‘ sold quite readily without too much fussing around with it. Tc-day, however, conditions are somewhat different. More honey is being pro- duced, competition has become keener and the consuming public has become more discriminating in its choice] The consumer has been educated to buy goods graded to definite and uniform standards and is demanding ‘similar standards for honey and these demands cannot be ignored. The consumer is will- ing to pay for quality produce and as he has the final say as to what he shall buy, his wants must be considered. The producer who fails so recognize th‘s fact‘ might just as well change his profession first as last. ‘ The Gold Frame Autumn is the beet time for the amateur gardener to erect a cold frame. A cold frame is much like a hotbed in appearance. but is without manure. It is used in the spring either for seeds or for grow- ing plants taken from the hotbed before they can be set out in the 0pm, or it may p.150 be used by flower lovers who start plants in the house and who cannot get or dc not desire to use manure. According to the directions of the circular of the Dominion Depart- ment of Agriculture on how to make and use houbeda and cold frames the frame should be made with sides and ends of twelve-inch boards, preferably two inches in thick-nose and placed on a. slope so that the back part of the frame is six inches bimet- than the front. By getting the gold frame ready before the winter- seta in. considerable time will be saved in the early spring when it would be impossible to erect the frame owing to the frost in the ground. -.Isaued by Information Service Publications Branch Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa. Ont. Grazing Is Not A11 Honey One of the most effective methods of protection of the softer tissues of plank against grazing animals is that in which aorne part of the plant “takes the form of a. sharp thorn which pierces the skin of an animal coming into contact with it. The particular part of the plant forming the thorn varies in differ- ent species. In the juniper it is the tip of the leaf, while in the thistle it is the margin of the leaf. In the rose. stout prickles occur on the stern, whereas in the hawthorn the long thorns probably represent a modified shoot. In some species such as roses, the prickles doubt- less have a second function. enab- ling the plant to climib by scramb- ling over the surface of other vegetation. ‘ In Canada, there are two genera of stinging plants, namely patties and wood ncttles. Thoer arc five Canadian species of nettlcs. Two of . them are widely distributed and three are Western. The habitat of ' the wood nettlea is Eastern Can- ‘ in l (genetic, 1 ada. Other protective devices plants Mo bitter tastu tocthwort, wafer pepper) and dis- Bflfeezsble odour (skunk cabbage. skunk curl-ant, skunk bush and the onion.) It is probable that the aro- matic taste of some plants, such as Wormwood, tansy, musk, holy grass. (ran-ant sumac, cw. protects them against grazing animals, and sev- eral plants are poisonous.-Domin- 1°11 Department of Agriculture. Spinning and W aving . Send me in your wcdi to be spun Info Yarn and wove into Blankets. The charges are: single yarn 23 cents doubled 26 cents per pound. Blankets $2.00, and if unlaundered - $1185; it takes five lhs. of wool per Blanket. Wool must be well washed , and all dirt and burrs picked out The else of single yarn is medium, and doubled yarn fine. medium, roam.- snd hooking yarn. Put ship- per's name nn all pal-sch and own- er's name. address and instructions nr freight the second hour, that of lobster be-‘ thrift of most farm flbps. Muriate "E181" W"! be ualfl on 1"" "1- 10H and cod. In the ease of the diges- tive enzymc the greatest stimulus ing only slightly less but that of mackerel being decidedly reduced.” and sulphate of potash are of no value for neutralzing acidity. WM. LANDRIGAN, 85 Queen Street, Charlottetown PAGE ELEVEN .. ,. m- §K€Z%3ifi€§ii3§3_€?§%PZ§I'Z%Z-Z 5-in- NEWS Y NOTES IIAGIZA a NEW wean dryness of the aimosphere, In the July number of ‘Scientific’ pzrformer first Agriculture" PIMCESO!‘ Hfifbelllfcet along the carpi; and in pre- Gmh‘ d Ottawa’ mu‘ °1 a "W1 senting his finger to the bumcr, a weed whldl i‘ remrded m cinadllapark of clectrimty is emitted and n“ Urlited States? “d l! ("lei which is sufficient to produce the or "'5 locum”! is chflrwtwwwn- u’ effect. . . . This ft-at, hon/over, can is quite of interest w agriculturisis be pff‘orfncd only m wry 10w here. Prcfrssnr Groii, it will be re- ' temperatures, and when the room member-ed, carried out an extensive L, hQatBd by , wove,“ wwd survey m the B1534 1n Jilly? Another reason for welcomzn, 1928' details °I which appeared l" the snow is that the country be- um “W?!” am“ “med; 511d 1i comes a. universal hghuny, for na- was durmg this wrvey that mfiture macadamizcs the whole land. ,1)” Mustald’ Eruwstmm 3311mm‘, "Wheeled carriages disappear from (wind) o’ E‘ Schulz’ w“ the roads and streets; and the round m our Province‘ n’ h“! bee" 1 sleigh which is the ptculiarly na- mund u early u 1922 i“ Manlwba" tional vehicle of the Canadians. and h“ 5mm the“ bee“ fmmd M‘ takes their place." The czixzes, Mon- poim‘ ranging "Om Chamm-eww“, trcai and Toronto, had street rail- The shuiiir-s with his ‘to Scott’ $35k" t?“ wverine more ways in the days whereof he than 2°00 mues‘ In 1911 Dr- B- L- Z writes, "but the snow drives the Robinson published the first Amer- ca“ of; the bu...“ and large ican records; one dating badk tofsmgh, n" en,p'0,‘.ed instead’ m '19” mm wismmwk" (scmmm that: for a. considerable. part of tut Agrlcultlm?‘ Vyear, the rails are pzachcally use- Tm ufmst find‘ M ‘m’ 91”", less.” An illustration shows a large Ergftibsaufw "Xena: s’ mirfen‘. sleigh, holding about thirty per- . p° m“ °r gym “n” n.s including driver and “con- ‘but a’ u’ h9g3“ m be met Mm mm’: Timur", and draxvn by six horses, such a great extent of territory, it proceeding at a gm.“ r339 310mg was deemed worthy of special stu-‘ the thomugmarp dy which showed that this planti The mow h“ , nagonaj char. mum not be referred u’ either dkacferistici ’I'he large soft flakes of these genera. Eventually last your,‘ Engiand me Search], eve, 5a.“;- the Gréy Hemafrium °f Harvard "The snow of Canola almost in- Uhiversity identifzed it as the Eu-‘ varmbly mus m m, yam, o; 1m.» ropean Erucastrum aforesaid. It 1e‘ not mentioned in the Manuals of‘ ‘American plants (Gray's and Brit-i ,ton's) but the student will find an ‘icxcellent descripucn in Professor ‘Grohb int-‘rcsfng article. Two sites} are given where fields were heavily, infested. but these were in Vvestemi‘ “(mtg dust, consisting of separate gritty crystals. . . This 10ml 0f snow is niuch more liable to drift. and with the B'.1"1l'CE'-'. wind. 1i (acme-s pouring over the edcc of a cutting in the railzvny lke sand pouring down from a said-TWP He concludes that 1.116 railwaj, 631mm" iunlike the seigh, was not intend- THE WIDE WEST 14> 'ed_ m its mgna, w,,‘.,,,,,, m,‘ p, our "avner- a5 ““5 “Md i“ struggle again t the rigor of an ni- our last instalment, wintered in the", most 3mm climate‘ And on“ he cities, and proceeds to give his im- i hm m", msgorjune w bg mqwed prcssions of the season. We must,‘ up‘ m a ‘m; wher, the tram mum mauled‘ that he “"1"” o’ any‘ neither advance nor buck out: as ‘years ago and that while men and luck hm i, ~11, “'35 like an angel's iplaoes may change greatly in such‘ vim‘ when a boy Wm a 330mb M- a mace. nature d0“ mi- cm" cent, stopspvd um the carriage with 41m m‘ “Y” ¢° m” 4"" ‘mi a. pitcher of hot m and a basket “Inm- b“ ‘m ‘h’ c°m'r“r7 m9 full of bread and cheese." The pas- for the snowfall. But i-t must fall at, Sanger. mo}, refuge M the 11981435» the right time. If it comes before‘ Scottish Sempr-S mma {or the m“ mud 55 sumcmmy mdurated? night, until the train W35 shovelled 11y frost, or the lakes and rivers‘. w,‘ have acquired a “sufficient c:ru.et"‘i om. “sflveflef on first landing in M we» the” n w“ a‘ a warm w“! Canada was struck with the more ermg- the 1°" (‘eases to increase m rapLd rate at which all vehicles thickness, and is treacherous dur-. move‘ amen wagons‘ he“",1§" 103;}. ing the whole which, On the other rd‘ a" drawn m. 1101-595 m a pm;- banal Feat l‘ the "emu"? “he”, ting pace. The leisurely walk of the m’ mm” mu‘ m1 the “rm i‘ hmfii cart-horse of_ the old country is as iron and the ice is able to bear‘ unknown in cnnfld,‘ The only ex- the Skater °Y the sleigh ception to the rule of rapid locomo- The sudden falling or the tem- tion is the ruiizisiy." perature at once banishes the lan- At that time the Grand 'I‘runk gucr of the summer heat, and pro- railway ran along the whole length iducea a. wonderful exhilaration of of the 5t. Lawrence, and Lake Ispirits: “men and animals seem Ontario. and was boih slczv and i injpxicqfed with the new and, safe, and 11s safety was due to its bracing conditions of the afrmoa- slowness. Witen the speed was only 'phere." The small Normandy hor- fifteen or twenty miles an hour, a ,sea prance with delight and can colliscn did 00111111179411“??? 111111? hardly be ruined in, and the Ncw- injury. "The dillqfl." on English {ioundland dogs roll in ecstasy in raflwuys arises. fzom fir" dcmund o! |the snow. Ii’ our author was from the pcople for" speed." ‘the South of England-and very In late autumn and early win- |many of our pioneers werc- such ter we enjoy ‘JOYQGOUS sunsets, and ‘incidents would have the attraction accordir"gly' our author vbsvrvr‘! of complete novcliw. that "in the sxzzwts of Canada. He notes that the difference be-‘ihcre is a fin" which is now)‘: rem tween the temperature of the roomiin England. l: is a deep apple |und that of the external atmca-‘green. It is soon in its KTPHtB-‘t ‘Tl- pherg jg gt 11mm 100 degrees; so; tensity only in the horror St. Law- 'that the most favorable conditions"ron:e," and that tint, often glori- are afforded for the development he; the sky in our mm province. of electricity. “A Canadian frat, In northern England 1106K hock which at first looks like a. travelJ to winter sunsets, when the r-‘Pnza ler's story, viz, the lighting of gas windiws blazed under the level by merely pointing a finger to the rays and the scene- was finqod with burner, is acccunicd for by the ' (Continued m: Pum- 131 ,1 . -.__..s 1 Imperial ProGuctwIMPI-IRIAL FOX BISCUITS and PUPPY FO0D—enjny u long 9nd enviable record for highest-class 1 results in fox and fur raising. IMPERIAL Ranchers find them always dependable and most crnnmnlcal. Numerous patrons inform us they are Ilnsurpasecd for fond value. "IMPERIALS" fed liberally llld regularly ensure success. Imperial Biscuit Company cnsnnorrnrcwfl. v. it. 1. - fi\ 11 n! his!»