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'~“"J’}F Fo- tl/Icmnrr Andu Born-in "I (“U-PW"- PAGE 4 rt'EsrfivfitTfi'fim By Way Of Comparison The conference here this week Of the Canadian t_'ouncil on I-H Clubs a reminder of the mag- nificent work this youth organiza- tion is doing throughout Canada. and not. least in this agricultural province. where the movement has been active for several years and has becomc an increasingly import- ant factor in keepiui: young people on the farms. Clubs of this kind represent the democratic approach lo a problem that is by no means confined to the free world. At a recent, farmcrs‘ conference at Schwerin. East Ger- many. for example, it was disclosed that the average age on many col- lective farms was 53. and that less than one in 20 of the country’s farm workers were under 235. it significant that in East Germany. before full collectiviza— tion was put through in 1960. real progress was being made in agri- culture. The big landowners had been depride of their estates after the war. and more than 7 million acres were distributed a mong 640.000 fa rm Workers. With a stake in their future. the farmers worked hard. Despite enormous odds in shape of war-ravaged ter- rain. poor machinery. insufficient fertiliZer and depleted livestock. production rose steadily. By 1.060. still short of machinery and fertilizer. the farmers had rais- ed productivity in wheat. for ex- ample. to 28 hundred-weight an acre. one of the highest yields in Eur- ope. The formula was work. devo- tion. and hope. Then came collectiv- ization. The officials who planned it ap- parently underestimated the deep attachment which grew up between the farmer and his land in the inter- vening 15 years. When amalgamat- ed into a collective he had to “con- tribute” his land. animals. mach. ines and tools. plus .300 east marks (about $126l for over y hectare (about 21.; acre) of cultivable land he brought in. Today there are 974.- 000 land workers tilling 13,650,000 collectivized acres. yet production is lagging. Told what. to grow. where and how. subject to a production plan prepared by theorists in the cities. the East German farmer no longer regards the land as his. His child- ren see no future in a life of serf- dom. and their flight to industrial centres is going on at an accelerat- ed pace. We cannot. claim to have the full answer here. either. But surely the incentives offered by such volun- tary organizations as our 4-H Clubs represent. a much more constructive approach to the problem than Com- munist planners have been able to come up with. The enthusiasm of those participating in this move- ment speaks for itself. and is the surest augtn'y of its continued success, Toynbee Al 75 If. is the opinion of Arnold .I. Toynbee. the distinguished histor- ian-philosopher. that neither com- munism nor capitalism is going to be the wave of the future. “I think the wave of the future.” he says, “will be some mixed system that will be determined partly by tech- nology. Technology is forcing us I." into a kind of socialism. But humor: nature doesn’t like to be a robot. It will make people resist. So. in the end. there will be a kind of compromise between personal and the necessities of the , my is l Interviewed recently on his 75th I birthday anniversary, Dr. Toynbee was emphatic on the issue of Com- munist China. “China.” he said. “will overshadow the whole rela- tions of the world. By the year 2000 she'll be pretty well over half the population of the world.” He was hopeful that in the meantime “'9 would have “just enough sense of responsibility not to make a nuc- lear war." But our descendants. he warned. “will not. be satisfied with that. They will say that. we ought to have made certain of survival the right way. They will have no patience with our present ideo- logical differences.” He added this word of counsel to troubled world statesmen: "Be patient. Don't liquidate the human Put up with your troubles. remain yourselves. Think above all that if yott don't. liquidate the world now there are 2,000,000,000 years that are still to go. Seventy— scion million eenerations are. wait,- in: to be born; that‘s a big respon- sibtlity." Formerly professor at the L‘niversity of London. Dr. Toynbee attacks. history from the viewpoint of the patterns that emerge with the rise and fall of civilizations. He looks at. their birth. growth and decay. His view is that the decay usually results from some wrong response to a challenge that con- fronts civilization. Those who have read his monu- mental work. “A Study of History". will not need to be reminded that he has done his homework on the subjects whereof he speaks. l‘iiL’t‘. Fl Say Missdes Removed Apropos our comments of yes- terday on the t‘ubau situation, we note from a Washington despatch that U.S. officials now believe the Soviet L'nion may have pulled its gmund-to—air rockets from Cuba. depriving Premier Castro of the means to blast ILS. spy planes from the skies over his island. If true. there is less likelihood that the dispute over surveillance flights will erupt in a clash of arms. And a Soviet. rocket with- drawal would no a long way toward explaining Castro's May Day as- sertion that Cuba is alone in her dispute with the [hind States. Castro himself has conceded that his armed forces cannot shoot down the hiig‘h-flyins.r 17.8. planes without the Soviet rockets. These weapons are a remnant of the 1002 arms and manpower buildup which reach- ed crisis proportions when detect- ed by l'.S. intelligence. Two weeks ago. \\'ashington of~ ficials reported that about 3.000 Russians remained on the island. but that they would soon be with- drawn. leaving in (‘ttban hands the 2:1 anti-aircraft missile bases equip- ped with Russian rockets. Now the word is that the missiles have been removed along with some troops. but that a large proportion of the military force remains. Conference On Sealing The controversial question of seal hunting—whether it. should be controlled to stop inhumane meth- ods of killing or whether such practices have been grossly ex- aggerated. as seal hunters main- tain—is to be discussed at a meet- ing which has been called by Fish- eries Minister Robichaud in Monc- ton on May ‘20. In making this announcement. in the House of Commons last week. Mr. Robichaud said a film would be shown on CBC television. May 17 or 18. but. added that. the hunting methods protrayed represent the kind of work done by inexperienced sealers during the last couple of years. “Those are the ones we want. to control." he added. He reiterated the Government’s inten- tion to introduce more restrictive sealing regulations before the 1965 season opens; these would include measures for better conservation. Scaling. the minister noted. meant. revenues of some $1,500.000 in some parts of the Atlantic Prov~ inces. All parties represented in the industry would be invited to the Moncton meeting. and he added that the whole question of control would be taken into consideration. l EDITORIAL NOTE l "Some machines today have a high school education. Some even how: college and postgraduate educ- otion."—U.S. Secretary of Labor w. Willard Wins. 1, a. mm) oF Tue WELL—DRESSED RusstAN c: Tue FUTURE wnu. HAVEA WARDROBE OF- THREE SUITS _ surs M2. xaswsucutv TH§_..WELL'PRESSEP RUSSIAN _..._ OTTAWA REPORT by Patrick NIChOISO'I Recalling A Significant Episode Last year. and the politics of v last year. are now history. But before we file them away from our memory into the h i s l o ry books. let's look at one signifi- little episode which has been almost forgotten. The scene was the Queen Eli- zabeth Hotel in Montreal; the time was late in the election 2 campaign. Liberal Leader Les- ter Pcarson had just come from Quebec City. where he been the star speaker at an 91- , ectton rally. But it was a wan star. which rwmkled little be- fore a largely hostile audience in a badly-planned and drawn out meeting. Mr. son had not been clatcd Now he was in Montreal. city notoriously friendly to the Liberals and to himself He in- vited the newspapcrmen travel- Itn: with him into his sutte for a drink and a chat. Not an official a press conference. yet it found IIS way into print tn our press. Several journalists. who were there talked to me about it. and Lubor link. the controversial writer for the Toronto Tele gram. also showed me what he had written about t , SOCKET) APPEAL The attraction of the Social (‘rcdit candidates and their pro- gramme mieht well be strong enouzh in the province of Que bec to prevent either of the old parties obtaining a majority. it r. Pearson speculated. would be a bad thing for Canada to have another minority :0\'~ ernment. he considered. So if neither old party obtained a majority In the comim: election, he suzgcstcd. the leaders at both the old parties should re- sign. and make way for new and younger leaders who could work l together and would form by co. ; alitton a powerful government enjoying a majority position In the Commons. Specifically in the words of . link: "What would hap- pen. I asked. if the two princi- pal parties ended tip with rouglt- , ly the same number of seals i the next Parliament? Would you press for another election‘.‘ .‘0. Mr.Pcarson replied. “Unless we have I workable majority. I'll resign and hope ' that Mr. Diefenbakcr will do the same. There are no no hriducable differences between the two parties and new. young- er men on both sides nd moan new men. not .h . old guard. — might be able to join : forces and give the country the . strong. stable government II needs so badly. l have no tonal ambition in politics other than to serve the nation. If saw that my departure from the l scene could help resolve a stale- l mate. I would no.” . I [believe that Mr Pearson Ir- i finally exp Ito thIt : effect. as ' -u ressed himself I believe the evidence . of his audience. But truth is not . always wise in politics. and I statement was issued "for im- . mediate release" from the Lib- l oral national campaign head- . quarters in Mr. Pearson’s name. l Our Yesterdays (From the Guardian Filul j TEN YEARs AGO I. . A description of the new high school and an informative talk on educational systems here: Ind in o t h e r provinces were ‘. Y given by Mr. K A. Parker who was s: u e st speaker at this week's meeting of the Lucy ll'aude Montgomery Chapters of the mini. The Trinity Church Y o u n g l People‘s Union held their cios lng banquet in (in. oocIIl hall I with approximately sixty mom I bars present. A delicious turkey | supper was serv by the mem- ‘ bers of the Senior Women's AI- sociation of the Church. The ' guest. 3 p e a k c r was Mr. Bill . Ives. l . bcral Party or I. as us had in oral election before l9ti7 Debating The Moon Roce York l closes "There is absolutely no truth to published reports that the Lt- ' leader. would support or even contem- plate a coalition with the Cott- servative Party —— My exclusive and over-riding concern at the moment ts not the salvation of the present Conservative go v» ernmcnt in the first 60 days of t decision and throughout the four years of the next parlta. out There was that boomera n L: phrase: 60 days of decision There was a rcmise: no zen- Nc w Governor Rockefeller rmsrs some pertinent questions tn nt- :in: that the nation take a from look at tic Administration ‘ crash procrnm to land a man on the moon by 1970. He claims tnal the project was a "political" dc~ cision. motivated by President Kennedy's desire to "recoup lost prestige" following the Bay of Pius disaster. The Governor. of course. seeking to bolster his own point- tcal image by reopening the dt bate over the moon race. but .his criticisms are both lecttnn- ate and telling. As he sees it. the moon shot has led to an O\'(‘l‘- . concentration of scientific man- ‘ power and funds. robbing other 1 areas of vital research and tn- creasing: the expense of t n c ‘ moon program itself. We could not agree more. . Mr. Rockefeller goes on Io ' | \' REVOLUDWA COSTUME RY “‘fi £00233; 9.: I: It at“ retirement . WP That was more titan a minm interlude in our politics. the Queen Elizabeth saw one of those moments of truth 7 “the strong. stable government the country needs so badly." The unprecedented person— V a! bitterness between the lead- I or of the government an the l leader of the opposition has' been incontrovertibly shown In preclude the cooperation In dis- pute which is essential to any :ovcrnmcnt: .\lr Pearson's pro- posal would serve the best in- terests of the country « a dual . 'I‘Inies l no it: out that the pllhlu'l'lf‘l‘l race ! with the Russians no longer ex- ists since Prf‘llllf‘l' Khrushchch V admission that the Soviet Linton is not onzaued III the compeli- I tion \s a I'(‘\|lll, says the Gov. crnot‘. the Llntted States has cm- . harkcd on a race with itself 5 which we cannot be sure of win— nin: but which we cannot af- ford lo lose. Moreover. he char- izcs that the Administration has contradicted its stated policy of beating the Russians by asking . the Soviet Union to co-opcrate in I a joint venture. There is still time to call off l \\ Ital has bct-ome a onc- nation ‘ rat-c and substitute a concerted international effort to search out i the mysteries of space. By (10- t inc so. a portion of the money and manpower now earmarked for the tnoon shot could be diverted to more useful tasks l Help For Bad Spellers Ottawa For people who can't spell l there are times when a diction- . ary isn't much help. If you don't know how to spell a word. how do you look it. up? Help is on the way. The Baltimore Sun dis- the publication of I Handbook for Terrible Spoilers. It has hundreds of words ar- t ranged alphabetically by thll‘t , wrong spellings. You “zylophone” for example. find that the right spelling look up : and is " "xyloplione." That should help the orthodox bad speller. who uses the gunman! misspelling. But what of the fellow w h o spells it "zighlophonc." or my. lofonei‘" What he needs is a book to convert his own weird spelling to the standard mis- spelling. Then he could use the handbook to convert from In standard nfiupelllng to the I right spelling. I. Toxed And Toxers Journal Onr problem remains The rights and wrongs of the Eng- lish language depend on usage. ‘ When a misspelling is recogniz- ed by the Handbook as a sland- .5 ard one. there is the implication that ii is a spelling used by a l great many people and. as such. I has a certain claim to lcgilim- cv. And since the standard mis- spellini.v is probably more sound phonetically than the proper spelling. is it not possible that today's handbook of misspell- m 1 ings will be the germ of tomor- row's dictionary? ‘Vl nv a logical. straightfor- ward attempt to reform English I spelling has been ade. and has failed, Perhaps phonetic ‘ spelling will slip in the back door through a list of errors that are first endured. then pltied. then embraced. Financial Pool : Muttering moledichonl I n d l duties on imporIs Ind export: horrible Improcoutlons on the heads of all government. most. of Canada's bruised a nd battered taxpayers are now duti- fully dropping their Income tax ‘ returns into Her Majesty's Can- : adian ' But thoseiwho feel that nul- rageouo Itrfpo line just been ‘ torn from their hides might well ponder the relentless ingenuity of tax garnet-era over the centur- tea. Note this list of levies dredlcd up from the past by the New ork Times: ‘ The endlou search for govern- ment money I seen taxed, at one time or another. water for animals. cache-carried litters. travellers' belongings. wigs. ‘ beards and the movable goods ' of non-Crusaders. FeudIl Europe wu I [Ix jun- ole 0! local levies. Colo, church ‘ tithes and royal requisitions. . Early England”: tax collectors in their search for larger Ind ‘ larger revenues put noel tox- es on everything from windows to newspapers to tombnones. 1 1min] Home not only put I but levied taxes on land and in- ' come and placed an Impact. on . luxuries. temples and road l users. Once. let. it be noted. the tax- l payer had a brief. mId mom- ent of relief. In the Greek city . state of Luaah. the taxed rose I tip and replaced the Iaxerl with king who promised to reduce l levies and dismiss Ill tax col- 2 lecture. But that was 36 centuries Ilo. . and as the last day of April rac- l es toward us. it Is all too clear I t at the Lagash experiment backfired with a vengeance. HUSSEIN IN PARIS PARIS moment—King Hus- . sein of Jordan arrived hero l Monday from London for I short privItc visit during which i he will have talk. with PreIl- = dent de Gaulle. Referring to reports of I posolble titre-t to his life during hlI ally in Eng- . land. Hussein said before Ieav- .' in: London: "1 found it rather l I Imuoinn. " . orders. But. Dr. Peter se it. not - began by question": . thers } dual develops a Frequent Moving] And Chief Effectl By Dr. Theodore R. VInDellen Many military families move constantly and the children are forced to change schools and j seek new friends. 15 this harm- ful? Does it lead to emotional l disturbances? Dr. Frank . . Petersen. psychologist at the Nation al Institute of Mental . Health. was assigned to deter- i mine the answers to these ques- .l tions. His initial investigation was done on 27 emotionally disturb- ed boys. sons of regular army officers. They avera ged 13 years of age and had moved an I average of nine times since . birth. Some had been referred l to the psychiatry service be- t cause of vior problems such as truancy, difficulties with studies and with teachers. and brushes with the law. 0th-‘ ers had definite neuroses. with a wide variety of complaints. . It would have en easy to: make frequent. mov i n g the _ source of these emotional disc- satisfied with the evidence. questioned 30 normal sons of regular officers. who were of. the same average age and doing well in school. All got along well with their teachers and friends. 3 1 The families had been transfer- since the and Itad‘ One red about 10 times chi'drsiu were Dr" lived h~:re and overseas had over shifted 17 times. , Dr. ‘e‘ "359)! concuded thal ‘ frequeit moving did not harm the your-gets: "mi in tail) 8 '. t he deuded to dch deeper and ‘ the n.-.i-- 1 outs of the two groups. The ‘ mothers of the disturbed bore; ‘ dislike bein: uprooted and the bother of packing. In addition. they hated military life and bla- med switching schools for the behavior problems of their chill The pare nt 5 of the nor- mal group were just the oppos- Ite. They did not mind moving f and liked travel and new scenes. Seme believed the assortment of ' schools enriched the minds of’ their offspring. Many of the fa- enjoyed their military careers and their sons would follow The final conclusion: “Emo- tional disturba n c e s are most ikely to turn up in the children . of families who don't believe ;thing considered unworthy Up By The Ears By Joseph MocSwoen Canadian Press Staff Writer It isn't really because it grabbed the dog by the ears. it just seems that way. it happens newspaper stories —plus d cartoons—of President Johnson lifting a dog y the ears coincide with a small spate of criticism of the American chief of state in Brit- ain and elsewhere. ohnson. of course. has been under the European and Brit- ish microscope' since he ceeded the much-10ved John F. Kennedy and he can be sure of immediate scorn if he does any- i of the assassinated leader. T e dog incident may have come as an unexpected bonus to ' Prime Minister Sir Alec Doug- las-Home in his campaign for re-election in Britain. Nobody can imagine the wispy Douglas Home committing that partic- ular blunder. WHO’S YELPING NOW? The famed cartoonist Giles of The Daily Express shows. on the other hand. a Tory election- eering party in which an irate functionary is telling a house- wife: "Madam. you r confounded i dog has picked our prime min- ister up by his ears." Another newspaper shows Cuba's Fidel Castro hold- . ing Johnson by the ears and the left - wing weekly New Statesman expresses a similar concept in a different way. Kennedy. the magarine says. SLIC- ‘ cartoon . had reduced the risk that it... Cuban revolution would Pxnnvj itself and so provoke a \lOII‘it‘ U.S. response. ' “Now the confidence of 1.. tin - American Democrat. 1.. Washington has evaporated and the U.S. administratnnf i finds itself committed to Illr ,. defensible theory that ll ha, a natural right to infringe (“mm sovereignty by overflights " T e magazine suggests unlm Kennedy's policies are restored soon "cold war may once nlol‘p break into violent flame" in Illp estern Hemisphere. GERMANS ANNOYED In West Germany. angel has been stirred by a Johnson ma~ gazine interview in which he is reported to have advised ('lian. cellor Erhard to do everytlnn: possible to get nearer to too Russians. “Pitt yourself in IIlr‘ Rus- " Johnson quoted. ‘ to tindcrstant: their feelings. They have a real fear of Germany." As it happens. Erhard‘s stotk ' is high just now after region” elections showed to his (‘N‘flll and the Germans may to shouldn't be told how to ob. .H. of drill: ‘ Anyway. the important nctu. Ipaper Frankfurter Allgcmmno l Zeitung remarks: "Johnson should show “low- reserve. A magazine intcrvm v I Isn't the best way of infnrnvn; the German people." Giving And Getting Montreal Gazette Confederation is a system in ' which everyone has to give tip something they would like in or- er to not something far more important. Hon. Davie Fulton made this point. very well in his address this week before the Canadian Club of Montreal. It is the balance between giv~ in: and (setting that keeps a fed- eral system alive. The balance has certainly to be adjusted from time to time. to right in- justices. and to brin: about )etter distribution of advanag. es. But the fact remains that all must give as well as ask. and the giving brings its returns in what they are doing." t also HEPATITIS IN AGED E F. W. writes: Is contagious hepatitis more serious in older .fi . than in younger persons. I R PLY Yes T . disease occurs more frequently in children I and complete recovery may be expected. But older persons who are malnourished or who have an existing disturbance of the liver may have a rough time DAMAGED HIP JOINT J, N. writes: Can anythin: be done about a worn-out cartil- aze in the r i g ht htp'.‘ This causes great pain REPLY Surgery may be needed if the hip joint is truly worn ~ out .\'ow and then the old hip joint is re- placed by a metal prosthesis BACTERIAL ALLERGY ‘. L. writes: How does allergy to one's own bacteria act? REPLY In persons with this lypc of allergy. attacks of asthma usu- l point As Mr. Fulton said. the origin- al structure of Canadian Confed- - ~ u' I oration was so desiuncd that in giving strength to the union—to the country — the parts would thereby make it so strong. that all would derive srenztlt from it. Strength to be given. streng- th to be received. strcncth to be ‘ shared, in a partnership within a union And Mr. l-‘ulon stressed a Ihat may be overlooked: for even when all those within a federal system have done Illt‘ll‘ utmost towards accommodating one another. this is not to say ‘ that all will have won what they would like. It is part of the very spirit of a federal system that some dlbsalhlilt'lllln mtst be ac- cepted for the general good. \‘o matter what accommoda~ lions may be made to mch the wishes of French- sneakin: (‘o- nadians. they will not have all they would like. And II is equal- Iy important to realize that Eng— ally occur every time the indivi- col . INFECTIONS CONTAGIOUS ' ls viral .. . . writes: pneumonia catching? Y Yes~ Almost all respiratory infection 5 are contagious Lawn Mower Re airs Dial ~I-fil2.‘ KEITH (‘ARle‘HAEli l D .T . Brackiey Pl. Rd.. Sherwood 5" . some more so than others. liin - Canadians are confronted with many things they would like to change but will have to accept. Mr. Fulton mentioned the feeling of many linzltsltl‘u nadians that the country could i benefit from a national educa- tional system and a different I immicration policy These .m l only some of the dISsattsfat'tions I confronting1 I‘Iitttlislt- (‘ann I’ll». within the Canadian partnership. Confederation necessarily in» vnlvcs some giving up of w a ‘. i would be liked. and sonic wr- tin: tip withwhat Is not liked But all this is a small price to i pay for the far Iarzcr advan- . tape of maintaining Canada as an independent country. CANON QUITS CHI'RCH TORONTO WI" The "f‘b'ls nation of Canon Walter \VllllP- head Jarvis. ‘ decently assaulting a ill-yea:- old boy. was announced Sunday to courzrtzation of .. 'l‘homas' Anzlican Church Ilr"c. (‘anon Jarvis did not attend :‘m service. but said in a mes».l 1c road to the ronzrecaitnn he 'md tled for 10 years that he innocent and was l‘OSlfllllllZ tor the sake of the parish lli‘ j Grow Your Tulips l The Dutch Way Haw you ew-r wondered about the Dutch secret for growing tulips? Garden en< ' thusiasts will be interested in reading the article in May Reader‘s Digest on how to get the best results in home gardens. Read “When It‘s Tulip Time in Holland". in Reader‘s Digest, now on sale~ L pANORAMA [SUPER CONTINENTAL A big, new bargain in travel history! Two CN oupor trains daily . . . offering I perfect choice of schedules between Montreal. or Toronto and Vancouver. Starting May 24th. when Canadian National's sleek Super Continental will be joined by Its new twin—tho Panorama. They'll be look-alike: in every modern luxury. Speed-alike: for vacation and business con- venience. Save-alikos in the rock-bottom Red. Whlto a. Blue way. including complimentary meals with all sleeping accom- modations. Never before have you been offered so much—for so little. What a steal! Twice a day—starting May 24th. \