l ._ - earls-co- “AGE FOUR TIIE y BIIARLSTTETOWN GUARDIAN! tl-‘ounded in 1887) Punt Office Morning Daily Authorized as Second Class Mail, Department. Ottawa. President, [an A. Burnt-ii; Yiue-Preslrlenf, Wm. R. Burnett; Sll-(‘y-Jrffillhl, (i. M. Burnt-ti; Editor unit Managing Director. .l. lo. lSurtii-tt: Associate Editor. Frank Walker. “The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than llte llk-alvvst Iii/v." MONDAY. .\I'l1Il. ‘Bl, IPIT The Milk Situation A serious situation has arisen in our primary industry, dairying, as disziozctl in the report of technicians laid over at the Legislature by Premier Jones. It. appears that while scientific methods of handling milk from the cow to the consumer have been introduced and developed in progressive centres, especially in the United States and some ports of Canada, we here have adhered largely to the old fashions, on the prin- ciple of what was good enough for our grand- parents is good enough for us. But science and technique have nwnde headway in almost every other respect oi the agricultural industry, and if we are to keep abreast of the limes, and to continue to flourish as o dairying country as we do as a potato producing country, we must look to our lourcls. The report just published is a timely one, as the Government is in a better position now than hitherto to give heed to the recommendations it contains. Unfortunately in the past, though our agricultural and scientific authorities knew that we were falling behind in respect to modern methods, it was almost use- less to complain or urge reform, because owing to our financial distress we were not in a position to introduce and enforce regulations which would result in the produce of our dairies being above suspicion. It is different today. The Jones-Hughes Government hove some $600,000 anticipated surplus to play with, and should be in a posilfin to make at least a beginning with the reformations the report recommends. . Liquor Profits We have heard much in the Legislature about the Jones Government's profits of over half a million dollars last year on the liquor business. Ottawa is making tremendous profits too. The following from the Ottawa Journal will be read with interest: Exact figures on Canada's liquor bill are not available, but it has been estimated of late as from $275,000,000 to $325,000,000 per year. Of that amount something like three-quarters is taken in taxes-which is another word, in this case, for profits on the liquor business. The lot- est report of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics arrives at $120,000,000 as the share of the Do- minion Treasury for the fiscal year I946, and the "take" of the provinces would not be much short of this figure. lf such profits were im- posed by private interests there would be a ter- rific uproar, and naturally. But excessive pro- fits still are excessive if charged by a govern- ment. Misapplied’ Democracy Confusion appears to prevail in the minds of our legislators over what constitutes democratic government. While at root it implies govern- ment by the people for the people, the question remains just how that may be brought about. In early days democracy was much restricted in its area, and from a nicdczzi point of view the de- mocracy of Athens and the corresponding de- mocracies of the commercial cities in the Middle Ages were oligarchies, for the area was extreme- ly limited. Within its restrict-ed area control might be ncarly complete, but while the majority of the population were slaves or aliens without votes, we can hardly, according to mod-em ideas, speak of that as democratic government. In a modern democratic country popular control must be largely indirect or representative, and that is the kind we have here. The people as a whole, having universal suffrage, held an election and vote for representatives, not delegates, to carry on the work of administration and control. These representatives llien nliqn themselves, if they have not already been aligned, under one leader, and the leader of the majority of rep- resentatives forms a small inncr circle which with him constitutes the governing body of the Legislature. lt is the leader who chooses the representatives he wishes la associate with him, and the unwritten law is that only those who 5.3g gyc to eye with lh: chief may be selected or accept appointment. The Government thus chosen must be all of one mind on Govern- ment policies and speak with one voice upon them. Sometimes it happens that one or more of those chosen find they can no longer support one or more of the policies of the majority; then they must either voluntarily resign or be dis- miss-ed by the chief, known as the Premier. lt i; absolutely opposed to democratic representa- tive government for a member to retain member- ship while holding and maintaining views contrary to the majority. Nor is it democratic representative government for a member to go back on his convictions in order to retain office. Ono of the fundamentals of the party system of representative administration is absolute loyalty to the Premier and his policies. If a member feels otherwise he must get out and allow some other one to take his place. Sometimes it hap- pens that the majority of the members of the Government differ with the Premier; then he either tries to replace them, or he himself must resign. This happened in the case of Premier Asquith, when Lloyd George headed a revolt in his cabinet, compelling him to retire. But more often than not, the Premier retains the support of the majority of his government o: in the cases of Premier King versus Defense Minister Ralston and lion. Angus Mocdonold. Tlmi it i: the minority has to quit, leaving the Premier to en- III tho confidence" undivided support of Illl ministry both before the Legislature and the country. As to Mr. Wright's contention, that it is democratic to suppress onc's convictions on prin- ciples when a majority votcs othrrise, that is mere poppycock. When did ever an uninformed crowd constitute the final appeal on right or v/rcng? It is the bounden duty of leaders, especially those holding the confidence of the electorate on the principles espoused at their election, to stand firm for what they consider the right, and to resign rather than sacrifice their convictions. - Democratic representative government be- comes a flClSCO,'Wl16tl members of the admin- istrotion are r-eady and willing to condone de- partures from policy and practices which con- stituted thc ground and reason for their associ- cition together as a democratic representative government. - EDITORIAL NUTES - Tomorrow opens the Cancer Campaign for fundsto prevent or cure the most insidious pest known to mankind. An exceptionally fine org- anization of business men have loyally under- token to put the drive over, and we feel sure, as in other similar instances, it will go over the top. The mistake the versatile Mr. Wright made in his proposed appointment of roadmasters in his district, was to associate himself with his defeated colleague. lf he had been of the frame of mind of the Liberals in Regina h-e would have urged association rather with his Conservative fellow member to off-set the pos- sible advent of the C. C.’ F.'s. .- . .. n v- n n H. R. H. Princess Elizabeth, born this date 1921. ls heir to the throne on the demise of her royal father, King George Vl. Has had practical upbringing for the position she is des- tined to occupy, and is at pre-sent with the rest of the Royal Family in South Africa. lt is rumour- ed, but not confirmed, she may marry o dis- tant cousin of the Greek royal family, who serv- ed in the British Navy since boyhood and has now attained lieutenant rank-Lieut. Philip Mountbatten. W i Q . It is too bad that the City should have to suffer loss and inconveniencethrough attempts of the Legislature to amend the legislation sought for the satisfactory carrying on of the City's affairs. But the "improvements" which were sought to be thrust upon the City were such that the Mayor and City Council gave instruct- ions to withdraw their bill rather than run the risk of the whole economic set-up of the Council being ‘wrecked. They will contrive to carry on under the existing statute. vr a i _ Condolences to our esteemed contemporary, the Summerside Journal, on the heavy damage caused to its plant in yesterday's fire. The equipment destroyed or rendered temporarily useless will be hard to replace at this time. It is hoped, however, that it will not be necessary to suspend publication of this grand old Island newspaper, which is recognized as being among the leading weeklies of the Dominion. i W 1k i’ Prosperity and high employment can best be achieved through lower prices and .belter selling, speakers representing manufacturing and retailing warned the national marketing conference of the United States Chamber of Commerce. "There is no sense fooling our- ~elves," said Lawrence B. Sizer, soles promo- tion director for Marshall Field 8f Co., Chicago. "We in distribution are for too proneto put the blame for high prices on the manufacturer, a w w w Administration of family allowances in Canada cost the Federal Government $1,725,- 843 in 1945-46, an estimated $1,929,535 in 19-46-47, and is expected to cost another $1,- 910,000 in 1947-48. The return, tabled by Fin- ance Minister Abbott, showed administration of family allowances in the last fiscal year was most costly in Ontario, where expenditures of $566,597 were shown. In Quebec expenditures were $558,519, while in Prince Edward Island thcy were lowest at $16,964. w b v- r The Charlottetown Tennis Club, one of the most popular organizations for summer outdoor sports, intend initiating solicitatici for addi- tianal members in order to raise the necessary funds to put their grounds and equipment into serviceable condition, these having suffered the consequences of wartime inactivity. Not only are the Tennis Courts a benefit to ourselves, but a great attraction to tourists and other vis- Itors, and there need be no doubt there will be a ready response to the present appeal for ad- ditional supporting membership. Where our taxes are going. Extract from debate in the Legislature: Mr. Matheson: "lt is hard to follow the reasoning of the hon. member (Mr. Wright) when he starts to delve into hypo- theses." Mr. Wright said the $131,000,000 was made up of the amounts which the dissenting Provinces would lose, and which in Ontario's case would be $64,000,000. These sums would be at the disposal of the Dominion to distribute among all the Provinces. Mr. Hunter: "That does not make sense to me at all. If Ontario accepts the Dominion offer, and takes the $64,- 000,000, what becomes of this fund that we are going to draw from?" Mr. Wright: "Yes, but she didn't." Mr. Hunter: "But she may ac- cept it. Then what becomes of this fund that you are referring to?" He went on to quote from figures given in the House of Commons in re- ply to o question by Mr. Macdonnell, showing that before tho war there were 75,000 civil serv- ants. Today they number 150,000 and this fig- ure does not include special boards. Mr. Wright: "l suppose we have a proportion of than in this Province." Mr. Hunter: "We cor- tainly have. This is when our taxes are going, rather than into public cervical/f THE CHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN Notes By the Way‘ l Russia wars against tapltalisnl, bl" l5 Practical -.il:uut motley matters, being willing t4; take my given amount. - Quebec Chronicle. ‘Felegraph. If (‘Vffryonc ‘has a millionaire lt “i-uld not nwan a Solution of ill! worlds llroblrtns or time (,1 the ll would result tn gimm- nnppmcss, oven though overyon-e irreglne5 that it nvoultl be a state of great. delight. -~Mo0se Jziw Times-Herald. _ Tho tiroblem of four-rental hous- lllE (lid not. rise with the war. It; has uluauea this country for de- cades. It. is clear that. the only ‘rlll-\\l'_fl' l0 lllc lllT/blottl is subsidized llullhlllft in one form or another. Ottawa apparently i5 content to let lit-utters tlrlft. The federal authorit- ies show no sign of giving local filtanclal help necessary for a p19. Dot solution to the problem. -W1n- lllueg Tribune. A drip-Proof tun. the n-iislwi- of which can be cllangfid without tum- ing the ouster off at. the main, has recently "appeared in Britain. Con- Si-sllllg of Dilly six parts, it is based on a new principle vesultiltg from Wuflimg udvattcm in liydraulie eq. ulpment in atrmif-i. Two washers. made of a new synthetic resilient tiwterlal. replace the nalmal one. Sealing is affected by water pres- ure. After" being turned on and off 1,000,000 tunes in laboratory vests —- the equivalent. of 40 years of household use -— the tap was as sood as new. - U. K. Information Office. Strictly speaking, Cadet; gmln- ing ls not militcryg though it has shown itself to be good "prepar- atory sehoollzig" for membership lu the Domlnloirvs Armed Fbrces when the need arrives. In n. Cadet Corps bins acquire habits of precision, learn teamwork. benefit from dis- cipline and cultivate commdeslrip- all desirable and admirable qualities. Experience has shown- that, with the possible exception of organized sport. Cadet training does more for youth titan can any other school- davs activity. That. it creates a militaristic spirit. i5 an out-moded belief-though, actually, it might not be a bad lliing for Canada. if the military duty of the Domlnlorfs young men were somehow impressed upon them. In the light. of exper- ience, the Federal Defence Depart- ment's discouragement of Cadet training is a short-sighted sample of false economy. — Staatford Beacon-Herald. When Spring comes to BC. I envy the little 11101111111“! streams that bvce-k through their icy barriers and set out. an- the wild chase to the sea. I usually think first of the Illociltewaet fumbling out. of the Selklrks with such gay abandon at. Revelsloke. surely no other stroim in the world has such a musical name. Itls hard to spell, ervd hard to pronounce . . .un-tll you get to know-how . . . get used lo it, the syllables ripplc off your tongue like icy water rlp pling over" the tnountairl pebbles We in British Columbia. owe mucl to our native Indians for the won deryful place - names found on ou nzap. The lllecillewaet. is the bes but there are others that, I 1i such n5 Similkutncen and the Tull‘ - mecn, the Spallumacheen arr-d tle Coquihnlin. F31‘ those who like the r place-names harsh, there Ls wider selection. Spuzzum is a clund . There are score; of others, If y u care lo look for them, such (S Kispiox and Quilicvm. Squilax at :1 Kokance. -~ l/‘Jllrcllvcl’ Province. U‘ C: ei- 2 :r f0 : '< o Ad ‘Number Please?“ "Can you tell plr" '3" ‘ umber please?" "l don't. u'el'.‘l. a livumbcu‘. I want l0 kin-x the little." "Yul surf)’. ve are not in give infornzuliotl." "f knew that pair-afar. but couldn't; _vou just glam-cc ct that watch of tents?" "I'm sort)’. we are not allowed l-tt gzve llll0l'li'.l|i.lt.ll. Will you please u! for" Infoiutatiotl?" "I t-nn asking fc: l!‘.l'c’.'l'tll\Li0!l." "I will give you lnfcrmir-Von.’ “The little?" me the time. allowed "Nu info‘: ialioit.“ . .. Cl'ek. "Infcvtmiln Can I 1101p you?" "Yen rrvlnirlv- voltltl. miss. Cnulti you lrll me lIll". time?" "I'm scrry. we e not allowed to Ell/p llltll. infovtv-Atfan." "Can you toll me who can give flip that. l'.t-fot':l1»=liott?" "Pm sorry we are not allowed to uiv- that itlfcrnlnfon." - valiantly- e" Nmvs-Helald. No phase of Nature, prohlItI. izlnclrtcng the Iieart like spring enn- lirzlit. Straws fall lurid winds blow lnil runligltt. like Francis Thomp- mills Hflllllil of Heaven. grows ilfadlly “with unhurrytztg chase and unperturbed moo." and there is rtXlilOfi in the convlcton that neither frost ‘pg-r storm can slay its liber- "ting hand. says The Montreal Gazette. The first traces of the sun are good to see as earth softens and grows fragrant and Nature be- gin; to unfold in rhythmic beauty. White light on witlls and side- walks makes city street; fresher and brighter. Even the faces of people are happier. The worldl it seems. films Aztec and worship; the sun. This sunlight, which brings in the day with streamers ln the east. broadening to brilliance at noon time, leaves with a gracious gesture Delicate color floods the west. fad- ing Into paler shades of lovellnesr, and with this comer a poignant freshness and sweetneu, symbolic perhaps of spring‘: recurring gift of life. . POISONOUS PAN! MONTREAL - (OP) — Buying second hand frying runs might he dangerous. elty police worn. Rn- cently, they sold. I pan! were rtolcn from n, freight car. They were quick to odd that the pmb war-r Irrerl to tarry metal iromldc and individual. There ls no prcmLge that . PUBLIC FORUM This i. the discussion l: lpoudentl of question: nl Interest. The Charlottetown g '- ‘l- i II open to by _ corru- column Gulrdlan doel not nocousar- lly endorse the opinion nt correspondent; n‘lu‘hi'l|'b'b'n'u'n'u‘-"n'u'n‘u'u'u"u'n'n'-‘u DIIBASING THE LAW Sir. -- The tittiltzde of llte lives- cult Govern-firm! "d5 law lllld its enforeetn-rnt, tuwtirtls ltll Ltwl a: and even towards llte Attorney'- General, is reflected. not merely ill‘ llle conduct of the Govertunent, but. in the everyday language of the Premier himself "When we wt-ttlt laurvycrs we hire 1.11am". is the Pleat. .. llUllCIlflIltltI slalemeitcl “All bills have lu run through the Attol~ney'-Gelleral‘s hands“, is the latcsl; pronouncement. "He is the main we employ to draft things and put them in shape". Time was, when the Attorney- Getleral was an appointee of His Malesly the King this appatnltncnt being by Letters Patent from the Crownt; when he was the repre- soxtlsative of the Sovereign himself in tnatters relating to tho lztw llllll. l0 its enforcement. Today, the im- pression ls, llte Attorney-General is but a hireling.‘ a more "employ- ee" of the Jon-es Government! cont, inqulisilioning smells? I om, Sir, etiq, A MOURNER REPLY ‘FROM FAIR. SEX Bachelor's Button, and be done with It? ODE TO THE BACHELDRS Come hither valiant. sjrlrtmers. Give ear to what. I Bachelors have vanished, and r0111 men are here to slay. If luriw; men ls gambling, and gambling ts sin, why wear a tom cat‘s whiskers, now are crowded, long befc-ve ro- darn their socks, pviekcd void of buttons, and shirts devoid of tails, their garments now arc fastened. with a Ilock of horse- shae nails. And when with you he “chews the rag" nor does no choose to shun ll, instead of arti- flelal teeth. the Bachelor will gum it. And when ll: comes to perfume, girls, of tom-cat, whale, or flak, you'll note the wily bachelor sports a white strip down Ills hnvk. ‘They stand upon the corners. wean-rt: triple pairs of socks. If an east wind fanned their ankles, they'd be sick-a-bed in flocks With ilie price of clothing soaring, out" cos- tumes must be brief, I thtnk we yet may venture out—in Mother- Eve‘s fig leaf. I am. Sir. ete. THE OBSERVANT CITIZEN. MB. SCHOFIELIYS STATEMENTS Sin-In your issuir- uf April 17th Mr. C. l-l’. Seltofielrl of the Calm- dlan Chamber of Commerce is te- - ported to have stated that private enterprise has been pretty well driven out c-f the jiicture in Sask- atchewan. At-t-ortliirg to the But‘- eau of Publications Regina, there has been a great increase in priv- ate enterprise in that Province Since the present government look office 420 new private mterprises wi-th 3, capital of $104,400,000 have been established. In addition i300 new partnerships. and 27 now 2-mi- pnnies fro-m outside the Province have set up branches. Premier Douglas slated in the Legislature that there is room in Saskatchewan for both ~i are, public anrl UO-(Jl)('t'llll\'[2 cntevpt e. each working in tliv- Iifllil I'm" whit-h il is host suited. As n zvsuli of the govet-tnnent establishing a tatlncvy inc-no IlfltI been estab- lished pr-cviotislyi ‘z-t ivns possible for a glove factory‘ to he slnrlivl by private enierpriee. Mr. Sr-holielil slim-s lltzil il'l‘ government tins taken uvr-r Illfl in- surance eomjralfes. Will he plea»: flame one insurance vantpally tutti the government. has luktn aver? To he sure it has its i: n iusttr-r T (leparlmr-nl \\'ll1(‘Il [lYUYIIIPS hob lire allrl tutlonvoliile l‘1l‘\ll'i1lIl'l' ill lower rules than ilu l'lllllllil't'l'iil i-omjlunics and at the sllllll‘ tune turns in a large revenue la the Province for health. education and social services. This together" with the revenue tit-rived from win-r sc-sial enterprises has vnahlczl lil-‘ Province to reduce its tic-Er‘. liy approximately 1-3 in loss than three years, has mncle it llassiblf‘ for them to remove the cdttt-ational tax (placed l)_\' previous ::0\'et‘t.- menl) from n lat-lye li'~l of iannmn- (lilies. Rs well us reduce lII\' nits lax by one rem. a gallon 10s.’; llnni lt. was previously. In Saskulvln-vvati the gas tax is now ton cents n gallon while i-n Prince Erlwarrl Is- land it ls l3. In Saskatchewan no ftlvnter is allowed to dishonor his ntortgage payment: as was stated by Mr. sehofleld, but ln event of t-rep failure or other misfortune "aver which the farmer has no control- ho cannot. he evicted (luring that year from the quarter section on which his home ls bullt_ Thanking you for space In your valuable paper. I am, Slr, e1c. IRVING TOOMBB. Albany R. R. No. 2 1 l MIDDLE -MDN Bin-Prince Edward Island is the middle-man's paradise. It would be dlfllcutt lo ftnd another area of like size where so many operatives come tnto the picture between hhe producer and the consumer. Some years ago co- operatives tor simplifying and tm- proving the methods of produc- Llon and distribution of agricul- tural commodities were establish- ed. One of the primary objects 7' is $05.00. If within reach of the consumer at a reasonable price and with a reasonable profit lo the producer. Today the tables are turned. The middle-man or the operative atlve. Fertilizer‘ already mixed in Drover proportions cost $6.50 a ton more than if the farmer put"- cllased the ingredients separately and mixed them hhtlself. Two men could easily tnix n tan of fertilizer an hour, and that is ten ions in u fen-hour clay. and that they mixed 2 lnllS an linur tllatywould be $130.00 rt any. which is fairly good pay. If we mix our own, that. money sav- ed goes into our own pockets, ‘Jul. if we buy fertilizer already" mixed llte oust of the mixing puns inln tlir- llltl'kt‘l5 of l-lle lllifitlltt-llltlli. Of cottrse we do not have to buy fertilizer in this expensive man- not. but. because 1t comes in r0901)’ clone up parcels, easy to bundle and guaranteed. true to type we nnlst have it. that wtiy even though it adds considerably to tlto high cost. of living. To lake another example: feed of those farmers who purchase the bulk of lltell‘ food in thr- open nlarkot. Much of this fi-ocl ls crown in thr- west. To encour- age tile growling of this material the Government pays a subsidy 1.5 i; any wonder that some Tm or bonus to the grower. ‘me Gnv- eliewan appears this strrllcn-g pas- rrtitnent- ls. perhaps, the most ex- pensive and the most extravagant ntirldle-murt with whom we have to deal. Then there is the long and costly haul across the con- tinent. To encourage the move- mPfli of these supplies from West: Slr,—_So our National Flower ts to East (he Government pays a true cultural values - a5 rvuch in a Ladys slipper’ ch! Why no! a barf of llte transportation costs. m? Science‘ "5 l" llll‘ 5Tl5~ T" the sciences cannot out ‘lrnnwelves oft‘ in detached isolation from ‘lie’ World of social and moral affairs. Recent experience has brought this The money to meet these charges comes out of the general tax pay- er. This trans-continental carrier of foodstuffs is now risking for a 5u~\-_'fl.c 30"; boost tn freight. rates. Tlnit lt- more than this zlfford. The rates lowered. To try to make wartime wages country can need to be l. bachelor to “rln? The l-lll-IIQSIS and salaries and other expenses Students ‘he purpose n! (he ,ub_ fit info a. peace-time economy duetlonls peak, they gossip as they wilds straight to disaster. Ono of w, mg a m . ;_ L . _ _ i . glter studv of the arts? _ l flllgfllv the most fatnlllal and the lnnst ‘vjm . mud ma,“ Work ma. such make them Wrou- Wllli tools rlc- painful of these disasters ls one seenwmv mews, gubJePQs as me depression. Tn reduce the exces- sive cost of transportation ll: might be well to look into the possibility of veadjusting wages and salaries. If the wages paid lo labour 1n the transportation industry were reduced. '20s‘; of these operatives would still be getting twice as much per year as the average farmer. Oneo tllis Western feed stuff TFllCIlCS the Allunllc seaboard the general distribution north. south. east and west begins. The total cost of distvlbufiorvmust be enor- mous. Would if not be better to raise more of this feed material at ironic? It would help lo put some of our idle acres to work, and ft might help to reduce our unemployment figures to the vnn- ishing point. Sooner or‘ later people who can- tinl make a comfortable living in llte cilv will move to the coun- try. There is no alternative. The present methods oil’ handling our surplus population are demoraliz- ing. Except. for those who are jihyslt-zilly’ or mentally l1] there slmttld be a dollars worth ofwoirk fOI‘ every dollar paid out of title public treasury. In England un- tier their socialist regime much of the land not; fully or carefully cultivated is being taken over by the Govc-rnnlenl in the Interests n.’ Increased production. In Rus- sin they lake it; all. If we are to avoid the perils of Socialism or collective ownership or something worse, we need to put our own tionso in order; not tomorrow but lod1l_\'. The lrttlli at‘ (he mutter is we lll'f‘ rill living too extravngantly and too expettsively. High costs of living are due for tho most part tn high costs of Production. ll fnvmc-vs ever hope to gel, cost of jivirtltic-tinu plus n fair ]ll‘tyIIl. luv l-lri-li- labour they must keep the costs of production down. There is a limit. to the number of lttiddIe-tllen that our agricult- ltvzil economy will carry. ‘more IIIJI‘ (‘iirvertrntvtit ztgetifs. nnd In- spwtni-s. and buying iruonls. and selling agents. and distributing agents and a host of vivil ser- vants as nunlcrolls and number- less as the sands on the sen- sfttrvo. all of whom must be paid t. commission before we uvo us- surerl of that profit WIlIChlS ne- cessary to keep us solven rid to keep us sane. Middle-men are an essential factor tn our democratic way of life, but there ls a limit to the nuntbor iii‘ tnldclle-rnen that pro- rlitvtton can absorb. To drive or fly ovor this Pro- vince in the middle of the grow- ing season is a pleasure and an inspiration. but two factors at least tend to darken the picture: (l) The low average production per acre, and (2) the number of acres that produce nothing at all. Increased production per acre and increased total production are the two vital problems of the immediate future. I Hm. Sir. etc" VERNON CBOCKETT. York, P. E. I. 6.. F. llutohoson '8: Sllll OFPOMETRISTS -. “Specialists in the fit- ting of glasses for the correction of ocular de- feete.” 53 Grafton Street Izod cooked In them might be pols- onous. of this new form of mo. ngement was to Illuminate the middle-nun. and to put the necessities of life‘ effects." Word itlio stable Fqtlllibviilm if we sided? May it not he study seem quilt: worthwhile and The Humanities I (Sulnf: Julia Telezrnpli-Journal) ‘cartoon tieplctirxg two girls the other. “Let's get some educa- Take fertilizer as an examplewtlonnl books-like how to be pop-j the Jllor M oat-ties cr new ways lo do? y'all-x hair " The word rdueafon is often misused and let in l‘s orig- lnal sense it is avid;- - a leading or drawing out (of hidden poten- llflllllfil F0 Perhaps the girl was not altogether vvirlq of the inztrk: the ut lcvsl trad self-inlprovoment in ruind. albeit not in llte lfgli cul- tural sense. From several quarters recently have come signs of an awakening to what educatlo should rer-llv mean. Emphasis n gclcncg liq; led Io lte;'o."t that ls almost tx- clusloar of llte humanities, the 3H5, Science is vital nowadnyrs l“ one nr more of its many forms It is llte basis of the knowledrl-e sought by malty ailemptlimz through educa- tion ‘a prepare themselves '0 make a living or a heifer living. Never-- 11101955 the chief object of e-duoi-l ilon. the true object nrnv cs in bygoli‘? aizcs, ls to provide a hal- anced knowledoe of the means and raise “Hider-ifs in become "ctive ser- vants of httmanily". I! i; in llte arts nlirr than sciences that this must be sought. In llte altimlal report c! ‘re pres- ident of the University of Szvknt- s-"sre: "The world in winch w." live is like llte University nf F"=I(ltiL‘Ilfiyl‘\1l‘l —l0p-sided, inf-perfectly developed and reglectful of the arts. The next great step tn university rdu- cation rwerywhere ls a recoveq-v of truth to our doom Wllh startling w are we ever in bring llte allow our universities to grow lop- that the 56110015 lull lo make clear to their leets taught by them leading to- den" ‘nnrrualzes is often a vuzzle, and rnrelv ls it fully explained tha‘ these lnnlttlniés ere the irnss- kev la the lreasttry of all Greek and Roman learnlni: The sutbjcct might be elaborated; but the point t5 that n very little clear explana- tion could make apparently useless that would be all lo the advantage of httman- llfe and human rein- tlons Britaii1TsT_Nati0nal Income in I946 In formation (United Kingdom Office) Britain's national income Inst year amounted to slfg-hfly less than 332.000.000.000 compared with a- bout $33,400.000.000 In 1945. ‘Tire national income reached its weak in 194.4 and has fallen since l-llCIl by about $1,600,000.00!) or 4 oer Cont. In 1946 the amount spent by the United Kingdom overseas exceed- ed the illeonle by $l.600.000,000. This nteatls that despite the rise in lhn expenditure by borrowings rroln abroad and the sale nf United King- rlom-ownerl assets In other cottn- tries. Of the United Klnrzrlolnk: exter- nal liabilities at the end of the yreor nearly $12.000,000,000 were to ster- llng area countries And nearly $3,- 400000000 to North and South Am- erica the latter figure including dvuwittgs on the Canadian nnrl U. S. A. credits iluving 1N6 lo the extent of $1,1l6.000,000. (including Local Authorities) snenl. $9,200,000,000 on goods nntl services. This was less than lrulf the level of expenditure in ear-h of the peak war years 1943 and 1944. Expenditure by the public on the other hand. reached n. record ‘ilgli level of $26.400,000,000 an increase nf $2.800.()00,000 on that of 1045 If the goods and services bought try consumers In 1946 had been bonjzltt In 1938 they would have cost $17,- 200,000.000 rather more than the amount. actually spent. tn that year. n definite improvement during 1946 the rise over the previous year's level being estimated at about l) Although consumption was s.lll below the prewar level, there was pet’ cent. These figures are given in tho annual White Paper issued by the United Kingdom Government on April 13th on the nntlottnl income and expenditure of the Ullitcd Kingdom for 1938-46. Shepherds And Sheep (By Ralph Wllhlman ln The BBC overseas short-wave service) In all the history of our civiliza- tion I believe there has never bcerr any job which has been more hen- oured than that. of a shepherd. David left the el-leepfold to be n lclng ln Israel. The best tldlngn kl the would was told to shepherds on the hills of Bethlehem. Our Lord compared Himself to the Good Shepherd. . l have lonown shepherds all my life, rand that knowledge has not shaken my fallh in the old imag- ery. Without going tnlo any ngh mysteries, tt to sllll true, tn ~-~.y ordinary every-day some. that "ie “Good Shepherd glveth his life to: the sheep." I am a former. and a business man. I keep sheep because I hope 'l‘lier'c is kccn satire in a. recent _ in a. threatens to eliminate the coopev- library where one of them says to volume of exports up to tho 1938 pal-able 5f we jjlncjy level, the country was still flnunc- shew s,“ in [he lolly Pug about 25 per cent of lts overseas one whjch was yo“ During the year the Government f 1'1")" “Wow/mixer Across the llklfbul": We watch the flat-ll; Then the forever qu File down along the lllllgll-l] mm. Z sunsqiwyau? eSUn-g Sjars ' vantsheqqml IE) no ‘discovered country, .0 toy hlilll-IUIKEIIIIPI’ wllr-j, 1 r f [flit sllong Ifillf‘); nllttll i; Pllelr burdens and bands. Mic-re ltn 1mm‘ ‘lit: tailor-m. Westward and lone the 1113.“, gray ltlotitluiul‘: the skyline Slltidh‘ and ‘vhelveroflyzfirlllly a \\~l,‘llt'y (ljqmn W“ T" 5l%ficlllo trail whore they m The sleepless guide to ll .1 Is llte grcat Molllct‘ til" u]: “fjmand Whose molded dust and do»: jl-e With the blown flowers by m, “:2 for livestock. I am thinking now end, of human me and ‘hereby yo. Glrt with the twilight she ts grave‘ The strong five; $9 loads beyond the dale; r ‘mo earldom of the calling?’ companion, rig-e and BPYCIII£kZIIB$E dull green lllllé; 9f And gleaming breakers on the beam To the willie kingdrnt of lrrr lnlq ‘Fitc- nameless Word, whose breath we are. " —B1lfi~s Caring; .'.-§'O-Q+O §ff§ffi§i FQ-OQHQQ-Q Uld Charlottetown f (And no.1.) ‘ VERNON RIVER. artist-zen About tille your 181;: flier-i; lived in the State of blame a tuna nam. 8d James Laird, having n pony, mcky farm. Nor. n-ishhig to ljy. under the Stars and. Stripes, but.‘ a. loyal British subject, l“; dL-Clmd to settle somewhere on BIILSII soil. Being tlle owner of a. small schoon- er. or sllllllvl), built sharp at born ends, illE! gathered his few rum; and wlLh his family on board so; sail for Prince Edward lslnnd. l-ll; fantlly consisted of llimscIf. hi: wife, two sons, and one rtnngtuer. The sons‘ names "were Josiiitt and Banward, the daughter's naive war Polly. They coasted around the Island for some time, until finally tli entered the mouth of tho liisto Vernon River. They sailor! up ricra about a half a. ilnile ubovr I-‘le Va‘- non River lliridge, until they coma to a small clearing, from viliictt some poor unfortunate Acftdild had been nrlven. Here they watt ashore and built. a small hntln. Later they trad a. far-m suvvcvctt, on what. became the Laird lrolnoslead. Somewhere about this tlzne, 1812, John vanIclerstlne and Jeremiah Brunan settled about two mllu further up the river. ‘they cnnrtied the only two daughters n!‘ John Fraser, “who were jrassertgers in the Polly 'l‘liey raised large lmltllloo, and qulte n number of their nes- cendunts are settled on farms along the south side to this any. --“Eat'ly Settlers at Vorllon P-ll“ er", by the late l\ll'. W. 1”. Fill??- tlte n - 0v tnavket ilnrlcrrslnivds the and rune and the In my part qt the world tnOSl d the shepherds. are middle af-‘Pd m” or old mun. The cosy llfillllllll’ ‘P’ inlon to express ls Io PM’ Ill“ ‘h’ young men are not. tilvltflffd f‘ take on. the long hours and ll" liarastiipi of a shepherd's Wt- I“ myself I do not believe that m“ is true. The rcal trouble is "l" our system of lwvtllllll sheep southern Erlrzlanrl is llutlPl°*-‘l.'~' l" economic. For fifty year's the film loclu have declined. The troifblt was that when sheep flocks “f” declining. there were less and All pportttnitles for a slielllltldr son rliil not follow Ills I1\llll”l'l15 l shepherd. not lxwriuse hr "if smile of t. shepherd's with", because there was no “Pk "7 him. Exactly the saute tlilnrclllP pened ‘Willi the blacksmitlis. Film was no work for smltltsi llte fut- ure Obvlmlsrly hold no Pl?" .. rho IlC-TSC, and the present t 15 that there are not. cciotulll ~- ‘In deal with the horses which rii ntaln. Whenever "n nllvIr-lit rill. dies out there always "W" n paint where the men in llllll ctuvr die quicker than the rseed for‘ ‘"0 art. I rlo know 0H9 m" l“ ,4. shepherds. Titer-e ls a llltl <‘-' " een, tan miles runny from irflv ha“ tn charge of three llllllmfl fy“ M‘ That latl shows evfliv’ llfmllli“ y! being as good us tiny or lll. i. shepherds, alltiottgh lie _ u motorbike and can l-i-lre Irwin to the pictures to} fill. 5;“! which l: not occupied hi‘ llll“_ ' Stlll, the fact remains ll!‘ mm shepherds ure middle 789d i d‘ erly mc-n- in my trrl of Enalan - The svutflu Our system e.' lwollillfl "Nelle, probably the best which 1th?" been devised for llte 86°‘ gimp‘ mid and the swd o‘ ‘P2,..-- ___ - - 2) ? (antlnuod or; Pr? 91 W ' stains WORK f" IN '2 wrcorvos Rlll . NEURITIC - nrtinnlC-C to make a profit out of "eeptng sheep, Yet I cannot help reeling Proud that the metaphors and sim- tles which have moved men through all the ages. have been i nested 0mm!!! Amnm I! with my calllni. The work-ct‘ in the city know; the meaning of "the one CWO hail”. The tau-dost eynlg h tumult "l" w"