Ian A. Burnett, @h£ uardiam Covers Prince Edward island Like the Dew Published every week-day morning at 165 Prince Street Charlottetown, P.E.I., by the Thomson Company Ltd. Publisher and General Manager Frank Walker, Editor Member Canadian Daily Newspaper Publishers Association Member of The Canadian Press " Member Adult Bureau of Circulation! Bruch ofiices at Summerside. Montague and Alberto]: ttouvesented Nationally by- Thomson Newspaper: Advertising Service (4 King Street West, Toronto, Ont. - 640 Cathcart St. Montreal 1030 West Georgia Street, Vancouver B) Carrier Charlottetown, Summerslde $15.00 per on- num Elsewhere in P.E.l $9.00 other Provinces and U.S. 812.00 per annum. “T he strongest memory 1.: weaker than the weakest ink.” Fads 4 sTnx15AY’fJAi\T,—175fi9%§ Plans Going Forward Prime Minister Diefenbaker’s pre-election promise to work for a Commonwealth trade conference was not given idly; nor. has the ‘proposal been dropped by any means. Last summer’s preparatory meeting at Mont Tremblant laid the groundwork. It was agreed that the detailed preliminary work should be entrusted to a committee of experts. That committiee has been studying the various phases of theproposal ever since. ' Now comes a report from Lon- don to say that Commonwealth of- ficials and experts will meet in Lon- don sometime in February to make the final preparations. The report adds that the full-dress conference at the level of finance ministers or other Government representatives will be heldlater this year, prob- ably in Octobér, although the exact date has yet to be determined. Meanwhile, Prime Minister Mac-' millan, who is now on a -tour of the Commonwealth—and by all ac- izounts, receiving 'a warm reception’ wherever he goes——isA' talking with [Various officials concerning specific proposals which might be taken up at the conference. There is no ink- ling so far as to where the- meeting will be held. The fact that Prime Minister Diefenbaker is the author of the proposal does not necessarily mean that it will be held in Ottawa, although that is afpossibility. But that, in any case, is not the import- ant thing. The important thing is that Commonwealth, Governments believe that -the confsrence will be helpful in stimulating trade among the various members of the as- sociation, with profit to all. At the jsame time, of course, each -mem-, ber nation will have "to" make cer- tain concessions, if the plan that is finally arrived atis to prove success- ful. 1 2 Secret Report . Just how serious is the danger that faces the‘ free world, today? How good are the West’s defences and, particularly, the defences of the United States vis-a-vis Soviet power and - technological develop,- rnent? Is it a fact that at the present moment the Soviet Union has the upper hand militarily as well as dip- lomatically‘? ‘A These questions and others in the same vein are being asked by many members of the United States Congress and discussed by widely scattered sections of the’ American press. They seem especially urgent just now in View of a report lprepar- C ed by a_committee of scientists and other experts at the request of President Eisenhower. For reasons known to himself and his advisors, but not made public, the report is being kept secret, at least officially. Certain sections of it, however, have made their way to the press. These indicate that the United Stated is being exposed to the greatest dan- ger in its history and that unless stern measures are takento streng- then its defences the Soviet Union will soon be in a position—-if, in- deed, it is not already in that posit- ion——to dictate terms of settlement , of international problems. A copyrighted story in the Washington Post and Times Her- ald states that the report “portrays the United “Statics in great danger ‘ and exposed to an almost immed- iate threat v from the missile- bristling Soviet Union and moving in frightful course to the state of a second-class power.” White House officials have neither confirmed nor denied the allegation. The only comment made by the President’s press secretary was that the Un- lied States is not-“at the moment” ill a position of weakness. That, even if it represents the actual situ- ation, is not very reassuring; and the fact that the President is keep- ing the full text of the report un- der wraps would appear to signify that he is very unhappy over what it contains and is afraid for it to reach the public. / to the pedestal of perfection, Convention Speeches Now that the tumult and the shouting are over, it may be in or- ‘ der to say that all the speeches at the Liberal Party Convention with one notable exception, were of a stereotyped ‘pattern. In the main, with an original thought popping’ up here and there, they were oc- cupied with praising Liberalism and condemning the present Govern- ment. Indeed, much time would. have been saved for more important matters if the speechifying had been confined to the three contestants for the leadership; and even these ‘ three might have been abbreviated considerably without doing any .harm to the dispatch of business. The one bright exception was the address delivered by Mr. St. Laurent. Here was a straightfor- ward, quiet message summarizing without waste of words the political philosophy of a man who had serv- ed his party and his country well; not without making an occasional mistake of judgment but certain- ly without compromising the mor- 'al principles for which he has stood all during his career. There was no attempt at theatrical bombast, no ‘effort to exalt Liberal politicians no desire to smear or abuse the Gov- ernment of the day——n'othi_ng but _a plain, quietly-spoken treatise of what he believes is good for Cana- dian unity and an expression of faith in the future. As Mr. St. Laurent goes into retirement from the responsibilities A and burdens of‘ leadership—but not, it "is hoped, from- public 1ife——all Canadians, irrespective of their party loyalties, will wish him well. He has_,set— a good example -in political integrity for others to follow. Mr. C. D. Howe’s tribute—— “He stands in the shade of no man living or dea. ”—was not an‘ ex- aggeration. ‘ EDITORIAL NOTES Another threatened storm has passed us by. Should this pattern continue for a few weeks longer, it will be a short winter, no matter ‘ what March may have in’ store. ~ I ‘I '1' Now that more than 9,000 scientists have testified that hydro- gen bomb tests are7extremely dan- ‘gerous to the human race, perhaps the Governments of the world will agree -to put an end to the accursed. things. And perhaps not. i V -k «A» i Fire ants are a growing menace to farmers in the Southern United States. Brought in by freighters from South_America a few years ago, ..the ants have spread to nine States. They make mounds two feet high that their name from their stinging bite. can break farm equipment. A \ Col" 9 it The Nova Scotia Federation of Agriculture has announced plans; for a campaign to raise funds to build a co-operatively owned vincial Government has agreed to provide $3 for each $1 invested by farmers. ' - .3 4 Q! . Refusal of the “brass” at the Liberal Convention to permit dis- cussion of issues from the floor in lieu of long-winded and wearisome . speeches shows that Liberal lead- ers have not yet come around to the view that close ,connection with the people is’ a necessary step to- wards public favour. * R I Grand Jury reports are not pro forma documents without any prac- tical meaning. Too often in the past they have been regarded as such land; shelved, no attention being paid to their recommendations. It is to be hoped that the latest one will be given careful consideration and that prompt action will be taken where it is clearly indicated. A ' P i 1- var :- There’s “food for thought” in a survey conducted for the Gordon Economic Commission by" Prof. David N. Slater of Queen’s Univer- sity. It reveals that Canadians are spending more money on alcohol, tobacco and automobiles than they did in the 1920's and less on food and clothing. Some statistics: In the 20’s alcoholic beverages accounted for 3 cents of the consumer’s dollar. Today they take 5 cents of it. Adult “consumption” of tobacco went up from 6 pounds to 9 pounds a per- son. Automobile expenditure absor- bed 10.7 of the dollar last year, com- pared with 6 cents 30 years ago. .. Food, 26.96 cents now; 28.89 cents in the 20’s. Clothing, 11.5 cents now; 14.8 cents 30 years ago. ab- . 5 A batoir for the Province. The Pro- .[A/.W When Prime Minister Macmil- lan checked his luggage to make sure that it had a good supply of stiff paper collars, gathered his wife and aides around him, kiss- ed good-bye to a handful of his many grandchildren, stepped in- to a Britannia jetliner, and took ‘off for points east on a tour of Commonwealth c o‘ u n t r i e s, he showed more than a good share of his two-generations - removed Scots caution. Rarely has a British Prime Mi- PUBLIC AFORUM This column ll open to the discus- sion. by correlpondentn of question of Interest. The Guaidian does not neceI- . fiarily enclo tho opinion of correl- pondento, I . ' THE N. B. — P.E.I. CAUSEWAY Sir,—News drifts out occasion- ally regarding the feasibility and possible economic advantage of the (fgnstruction‘of ,a calfsewfiy at the a ove named place and some ition and the recently construct- edcauseway at the Strait of Can- sowould be interesting. _ . The natural 'comparison of course, is in the matter of length and roughly speaking this has a ratio of 9 to 1,9 miles at Bor- den to 1 mile at Cape Breton. ‘However, the average depth at the Northumberland Strait av- erages some 65sfeet as co par- ed with 125 feet at Strait of Can- so, about half. Now this does not mean that it will-, take half as much‘ material per ‘mile at Northumberland as at Canso because on account of the -flat slopes of the sides of the ial increases very rapidly over certain depths. Actually under the conditions mentioned it will only require about one third the quantity per mile and this for a causeway 9 times as long would mean 3 times -the total quantity. Another factoris the length of haul from quarry to site which at Canso was about one mile but from the New Brunswick this will average about 61/: miles, that is 2 miles from the nearest quarry to the shore and 4% miles to the centre of the straits. Actually as the hauling conditions would be much easier at Tormentine as compared with Canso where a high mountain had to be negotia- ted on every trip of the trucks. The rock fill aticanso amount- ed to some ten million tons and cost 7 million dollars. At Torm- entine some 30 million tons will he required which will cost 20 to 25 million dollars. To this will have to be added the cost of a canal and bridge paving and -trackage on the causeway and possibly a lock which in all would cost another 25 million dollars, so that the estimated total cost of 50 million dollars which has pre- viously been mentioned is likely not far off the mark. ‘ Now if the Federal Govern- ment borrows this 50 million dol- lars what will the annual cost be lion dollars a year of course. Seems a lot doesn’t it. But what does it cost the Federal Govern- ment annually to operate the pre- sent car ferries and facilities? A matter of two and a half million . dollars, so that actually there is a clear annual saving of half a million dollars. Not only that but these operating‘ costs are going to rise sharply from year to year and by the time a causeway could be built they are more likely to be nearer three million dollars. Further the time is not far dis- tant when replacement of fer- ries will loom up. One ferry is comparatively new but the other cannot last for ever. It was built 43 years ago and sooner or later will have to be replaced. The 3rd'ship is merely and old stand by. The question is not therefore: Can the Federal Government af- ford to build the causeway, but can it afford not to build it. Why therefore should the work not proceed at once‘? For the very simple reason that no one knows if there is 30 million tons of suit- /\I Aeués/AN }{ARl/ESTMOOM comparison between this propos-' Causeway the amount of mater-, this difference is not very serious at 4 per cent interest? Why 2 mil- ' PROBLEMS OF A GET/TYSBURG FARMER ‘ End Of An Eggheod By “Onlooker” Thomson Newspapers, London, England, Bureau nister departed from these shores leaving such a pile of trouble - and brewing - up of trouble - than has Macmillan with his de- parture on this trip. True, he pro- bably went on ‘the trip hoping that the country. would regard him as still confident, that the trouble’ in the Government was of fleabite proportions. But it has had the opposite effect among po- litical observers here. Most of them think that, with ‘so much trouble at home, India or Aus- tralia is a good place to be right now. EXIT TIIORNEYCROFT The trouble, of course, started, when Peter Thorneycroft, ong of“ the Government's eggheads and the Chancellor of the Exche- quer —— said two words which, first of all, stunned his colleagues in the Cabinet and then stunned the nation when the two words were passed on to them. The two words were simple: "I quit.” Thorneycroft, not popular as a flnani‘ among his party, quit over ,_-$1B5'"mil1ions — one per cent of the projected British budget which is due to come out around April. The way things are going, it seemed as if Government spen- ding, during the next year would be that amount over the April 1956 — April 1957 spending. And Thorneycroft, who has spent the past year exhorting ev- eryone -- private citizens, Gov- ernment departments, employers and employees — to be content with what they have and not to ask for more right now, felt that he would look pretty silly when he stood up in Britain’s House of Commons next April and re- vealed that after all the appeals the Government was to ask for $135 millions more. To save the $135 mil/lions, he , proposed that first family allow- able rock available at or near Tormentine. , This is the only phase of the n'1atter,that really stands in the way of the proposition and while it is known that large quantities of suitable rock are available fur- ther steps should be taken to carry this phase to completion; that is, of proving ‘that there is sufficient quantity available for the work. The urgency is apparent be- cause the tourist industry is grow- ing rapidly and even if the work is started soon it is going to"take yeans, possibly 4 or 5 years, to carry it to completion. I am, Sir, etc., ENGINEER. OVERWEIGHT HOGS Sir,—In reply to Mr. Clay's ar- ticle, telling farmers how they are losingmoney by not weigh- ing their hogs. I have a state- ment for hogs I shipped recent- ly, and the weights and amounts paiidfor «thehogs correspond to the figure given by Mr. Clay, so I take it they were my hogs that Mr. Clay was using for reference. Now I W-ould like to point out that I am very well acquainted with Mr. Clay and I do not doubt his sincerity, knowing what he has done for the hog industry on P.E.I. However, I would like to defend myself a.nd many farmers who happen to be in the same position. Sure, I knew those hogs were overweig-ht. But on the day I planned to ship -them, the roads were impassable due to mud. Ev- en tractors were getting stuck, with the result, that I was forced to hold them over one week. N-ow, I would like to add, that a few w eek 5 previous to this, I had eight hogs ready for market, with the same road conditions, with the result, hog prices dropped $2.00 per cwt. How do you think farmers feel when this happens? It might be interesting if Mr. Clay would compare the amount of overweight hogs shipped from Dec. 1 to April 30 as from May 1 to Nov. 30 especially where farmers are from seven to ten miles from paved roads or ship- ping centres. I am. Sir, etc, SHALE ROAD FARMER ances shouldbe cut. Over here, in addition to tax relief ($210 for each child) a parent got $1.12 in cash for each child after the first. It is an -unpopular handout as far as many are concerned, who feel that the tax relief is enough. Ev- en some parents, while taking the‘ $1.12 each week, think that it is all a rather fatuous addition. And some still recall that when Nazi Germany introduced the idea be- 1 fore the war Britain was the first to laugh at Hitler and his “bonus - for babies" idea. FIRST TARGET’ That was Eggliead Thorney- croft’s first target for cuts —— and he was willing to push it through Parliament. And his colleagues in the Government flinched. They thought that such a move would set {off another round of wage- claims. After arguing strongly for a better part of a week (even go- ing to the Prime Minister during asweek-end to interrupt some sport-shooting Macmillan .was in- dulging in (Thorneycroft lost his argument. And it was then that he uttered his vital two words and left the Government, taking his two aides with him. I’ve talked of’ the resignation and i-ts/b'ackgrouncl fairly fully be- cause "it is vital not bnly to this week's events but to political e- vents ln the remainder of the life will take many, many months be- fore the last echoes of the squab- ble dies down. And it will be a talking point at the next general election whether it occurs next year (when it is logically due) or later this year. ' " WHY IS THIS? It is because that the lack of support Thorneycroft encounter- ed among his colleagues is an in- dication that the present admin- istration has its fingers more than a little of the pulse of public o- pinion here. Britons are getting fed up with the succession of cris- es which has been part of their lives since the war. They have never liked exhorta- tions to live austerely, whether they came from the late Sir Staf- ford Cripps when Labor swept iinto power at the end of the war or from Peter Thorneycroft when the Conservatives got back on the swing of the pendulum. But they were beginning to get the feel- ing that this present government meant business and were courag- eous enough to court unpopulari- ty in getting the economic pos- ition over here on to an even keel. .But that feeling has disappear- ed like a will 0’ the wisp with Thorneycroft‘s resignation. T he Government, think most Britons now, have r e f u s e d to jump at one of the final fences. The $135 millions represented just one per cent of the total projected Government expenditure" for 1957- 1958. But it may well prove to be a vital one per cent. The public, in fact, did think that the Conservatives were get- ting ready to pull victory out of the bag. And the operative word in that last sentence is “did.” HEALTH SPOT Harrogate in Yorkshire, Eng- land, has been a health resort since mineral springs were found were in 1571. x PAPER TRUCK FIRE SAINT JOHN, N.B. (CP)——Fire believed caused by a shout cir- cuit in the ignition system de- stroyed a Telegraph-Journal de- livery truck in, the Anagance woods area of the Saint John- Moncton highway early Friday, but did not prevent delivery to Campbell-ton, Dalhousie and other north shore points. More papers were run off here and loaded on another truck to complete deliv- ery. ALGERIAN CLASH PARIS (AP) — The Tunisian government charged Friday that French soldiers encircled and the Algerian border Friday. It said when the troops withdrew two young Tunisians were found dead, four persons wounded -and 13 missing. A carefully worded communique from the Tunisian Embassy in Paris did not di- rectly charge French troops with the casualties. l of the present administration. It ‘ terrorized T ,- 3 umS1anV1uage°“ ' be seen every day running his Best Time To Plan For Safety A By Herman N. Bundcsen, M.D. A glance at the calendar tells me that it’s time to talk about swimming. Oh, I know it’s the middle of January but that's the best time. to discuss swimming precautions and procedures. Next summer, all the health writers will be offering advice on what and what not to do in the I water. However, reading a piece a b o u t swimming in January, might make enough of an impres- sion on you so that you”1l remem- ber it. WINTER VACATION Besides, some of the more for- , tunatc a mon g us probably are A planning a winter vacation in the ; sunshine of the South or West where swimming is a year-’round sport. They will need some ad- vice at this time. If you plan to do much swim- ming this year, it’s a good idea to begin limbering up your mus- cles in the local YMCA or YWCA ‘pool. While you probably never will forget how to swim, you’ve got to build -up your prowess grad- ually by swimming often during the winter and spring months. ACCIDENTAL DROWNING Unfortunately, some 7,000 A- mericans will die by accidental drowning during the summer months of June through August this year. Three out of every four of these drownings will occur within 60 feet of shore. An estimated 90,000,000 Ameri- cans use swimming facilities each year. Yet 90 per cent of them are either very poor swimmers or they can’t swim at all. Is it any wonder that we have so many drowni-ngs? USELESS EFFORT . We -are not all heroes. Some- . times it’s very foolish to attempt to be one. If you’re not a good swimmer, I don’t expect you to try to save anyone’s life. You may only lose your own in the attempt. - But you can and should know a little about helping to take care .of a person who ‘has just been rescued from drowning. The methods of artificial res- piration are too difficult to at- tempt to» explain here. Have someone show you how to per- form them. ‘ FOUR POINTS i \ 1§1_lt You can learn four simple points of after care. _. Once a. nearly -drowned per. in has been revived. he should .1- Kept warm and dry. Cover him with a blanket, towels or clothing to keep him from becom. ing chilled. 2. G1venAa whiff of spirits of ammonia. This may tempora- rily help him breathe deeper. Placed on his side, if his con- dytion De!‘_muts it. This will ease his breathing movements and pre- vent regurgitation. 4. Removed to a hospital as soon as possible. He must be him. died with great care to prevent deV€10Dment of secondary shock, QUESTION AND ANSWER, have extreme weakness in his “ms in Spite of the fact that the Iergivscles are extremely well form-,A Answer: Ifmay be that the child is suffering from a form gf muscular dystrophy in which there is some wasting of the mu-.sc1es,even though they may fippeaar to be well-formed. mi; can only -be determinedby a careful examination of the mus. cles and nerves. The Age Old Story But he saveth the poor from the sword, from their mouth, and from the hand of the mighty. So. the D00!‘ hath hope. and iniquity stoppeth at their mouth. .v ‘%i.f"&l ?oe£ FIRED TREE The pasture land was powdered dark With twilight and with misty air, And my path lay up Foxes’ Hill where on the sky the trees were stark _ And black in outline. Only show Clung to the shaking branches there. ' The‘ world was lone and dark and chill- With night above me. ice below. But on the summit of the slope And gilded all its leafless form. A fire of celestial hope That" filled both night and walk- ing farmer, , A homeward beacon lit for me. And -though the north wind spoke of storm, My _way down to the barns was warmer. ——Margaret McAndrew Dockry - in the Montreal Star. OUR YESTERDAYS (From The Guardian Files) TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (Jan. 18, 1933) Prior to the opening of the new Prince of Wales College, word was received from Dr. F. P. Kep- pel, President of the Carnegie Corporation, of the voting by the Corporation of th e following grants: $60,000 for library service demonstration in P.E.l. and $75,. 000 for ‘endowment of a chair of Economics and Sociology at the Prince of Wales College. Mr. Thomas Perry of Summer. side has built an ice plane capa. ble of a speed of over 80 miles per hour. It has a propeller and wings the same as an aeroplane and runs on sklis. Mr. Perry may plane over the harbour ice. TEN YEARS AGO ’ (Jan. 18, 1948) Last night’s snow storm caus. ed some trouble with electric ight circuits in Summerside. Three town circuits went out for 45 minute: while a line to the Air- lbathing suit from the trunk - D-G-2 What causes a. child to i The last of sunset touched a tree E NOTES BY THE WAW‘ l, x." Remember when “Anyl-hing YOU can do I can do better” was just a catchy show tune and not the guiding principle of international re1ations?—-Winnipeg Tribune A thrifty wife indeed WARS the one who resurrected hex‘ girlhood and made from it a bathing suit for each of four daughters.——Strat- ford Beacon-Herald King Mohammed of Morocco vi- sited’ Disneyland twice. He was obviously fascinated by a princi- pality that could make so much money without striking oil.—Cal- gary Herald ‘ The man at the next desk says those three-stage rockets have no- thing on his jalopy. On the way home from work the other day it shed, in the following order, the back bumper, a rear fender and its exhaust pipe.-Sudbury Star In Metropolitan Toronto last year, 125 persons were killed _by traffic accidents —- one fatality every three days. Eighty-five of them were pedestrians, struck down by motor vehicles. The most‘ startling fact "in ‘the Metro accident statistics is that a ma- jority of these pedestrians —- 44 of them -— were adults of 55 years and over. Globe and Mail One selected day each week, the Queen has a rule that every- body in the Royal Family speaks ty’s plan to give her children a good. grounding in the French language. The time may come when they too Avisit Quebec Prov- ince and are expected to reply properly to speeches of welcome. There also will be official visits to Paris.—Cape Breton Post port was out for approximately two hours‘. At Borden power was reported to have been off during the day but service was restor- ed at night. It has been learned that the Department of Indian Affairs has started a program to improve the educational and health standards of the Indians. on Lennox Island. It is understood that a new two- room school will be erected this year, a convent and a nursing station together with a residence for the Indian Agent‘. Telephones: French. It is part of Her Majes- . ' It is assumed that the course for those studying to beauticlans is camouflage,.xm chener - Waterloo Record ' The last straw in the squahfig over the uniforms to be worn Highland regiments in the Um; ed Kingdom is the decision ‘of -'5‘ English —— English. mind you§‘,,_*_ magazine to come out in fave;-ad‘ the kilt as opposed to trewgg, Ottawa Journal ‘W: MAXIMS He who would do good to the: must do it in minute p lars. HEATH McQUARRIE who will be presenting thf Report from Parliam Hill over ; CFCY ‘Radio on Saturday: 7.45 p.m, , .>... LEARN rmmnnussmo " "f Women Wanted — Great portrmlty—Better Pay. Pleas" ant work. Catalogue Write Marvel Hairdressing " School, Bloor Street, Toronto.‘ Branches — Hamilton — Ot- tawa. Canada’: Nation!‘- system. MORTON new L|M|TED A INSURANCE COUNCELLOBS T and A TRAVEL AGENTS ‘ Insurance 3046. Travel 8541 , CHARLOITETOWN,‘ P. E. I. been sent out to all fice. All renewals March I958. 1 PUBLIC UTILITIES COMLHSSION P NOTICE Renewal application forms have-,5; Products Retail Dealers. Any dealer who may not have re- ‘ ceivecl these forms is to advise this oi- must be in before 3| re ' licensed Petroleum- Velma Wood ‘4~An\i;“r !NV.E-SiTMlNT onourru in 1945 . .17¢ Canadia CANADA'S ORIGINAL MUTUAL Fuun , ms oscuraa as _ ‘ . I00“ consramv: dummy mum null cans pa nun NVIKEH-1.19:3 to SIIAIEI-IOLDBSOPIECOIDJNIJ4 ,f,.‘ POST-WAR ANNUAL NVIDENDS PEI SHAH A (ID 123%) cm mvinoans aican $27,000,000 suc: oncmnnou i9s7..;a¢ CANADA at leading hoteus AT NEWS AGEN'1's Only pep gm Travelling in the u.1r.? ’ I C ‘ii: Keep I in touch with home—-read l l 1 1 1 I I Keepintoochwifl-ihomenews— $P0rts, finonce, politics and current i events. Canada Weekly Review — I the only Canadian paper edited and 1 Published in Great Britain is on sale , I I l 1 I Fost cable news gives you a weekly . 'eP0|’t on Canadian affairs and hop- 4 penings. ‘ ON SALE EVERY FIDA! everywhere in the UK, i? All xi)‘ and news—stonds.