MARCH}. 1,937 r qjiip CllARLOTTETOWN GpARDIAN {ZT-‘OR FARMERS’ will nlllollls illlllil -- HliSiiANBRY (C. E. MacKenzle) FARM BOOKKEEPING PAGE ELEVEN i Z_-——- . STOCK BREEDERS AND GARDENERSJ NEWS-Y NOTES Farmers Poultrymen mm“ Attention C ONSER VA TION n! ___ some time, ago 1 gave an ac- count of our Island Champions and how they fared after leaving their isihhd home, and among the number was Bijou that horse that a n/uuitatisrs CALENDAR. boon difficult to keep from spoiling. -1——— A tea was made from the leaves. April, “the month of smiles and i tears," has varied weather as the CARLING SUNDAY l WIIILI COLUMN OF PRACTICAL OPINIONS ON THE we can supply you with highést VITAL ISSUES Al-"Facrlsc. Tina uses AND ABUSES or i quamy GoyH-nmgntApprmTd chit-ks ____ NATURAL RESOURLEb BY MB. LUDLOW JENKINS. 1, at reasonable prices. All from (luv- (Continued) ' ‘ bd ll h Messenger famous "Th l re ords show Out irctit-"t ll'i'l is HABSHHELD‘ ummm Appmvelt bum“ team! ‘d6 A zt a e an ever dair former. 6 . z - .>_ , _ stock. Our flock has been bred rig-lit :1; sire -in th’s provicnce and in shouhi {glow is my weighy the milk the prevalance of ivmci from the A hook, “English Calendar Cus- i and mi right i0 product chicks of the former sketch of this horse I oi each cow a, each miikihg and eastward, S. En 1-... to N. N. E_ toms. was published by the Folk- i ihe highest quhiiiy, “h, are “mic, only 511W 1119 readers 0r memm“ have a sheet or book in the stable P110 131191 I111°5 111v 15911911! 911 1010 Sflclffiy 1115i Ye?"- T11° 11159 °l (Continued) lire of great value in providing both R. 0. l’. and member of Hatchery iui account of hi5 11011011111111095 where he can conviently record our North Slioro and makes < lng a. 801MB, it dealt “only -with the Mr, Poole’s story is typiclll of iv; tt-l- food and cover for malty nicirs Association. dining two seasons. the result. There is no other way land‘ a “mewhat “"01 11"“ 11"-“1<““~11"1 _°-"i' ,1 1110111111“ 19511111115- The 115911 51m" what, is happening in many scct- lptrlt-s of native birds, particularly First hutch March 8th. 0n 100111112 111/91‘ Wfluiwys Yet" of absolutcly determining the pro- by ‘"8 madhan“ S01}. The bflroiiicivif, oitt-n \-.-il'.iiy' i day 111 R1115 15 $311911 cllrnng» Cm“ ion of’ the country, as a iesult fthe . our gume species, it can be sfcil Prices, per hundred. brok for the year mo. 1 find that auction of cows; or whether or . - "SW5 “m1 “m”; 1“ -“1€“‘“1‘- 11W,‘ 1m“, C1111“- (“me- °1 Cm 511"" unwise killing of the large soaring i that illc iluturnl control of iiluiidoi-V Barred ROCKS $13.75. 511ml was oampflighcd from Maine hot they are profitable w keep, i begin-i 11-1 51-1111811191101115115 graph. 11 day,’ 5W5 131° 111111121» "and 11' 15 Hawks and the common Owls. In mice populations is of importance, Leghorns $12.75. w New York and in a series of Tests should he nude for him“- i __h___._______i llttfe. Though Spring ls officially pointed "out that care means mil; growing regions, orchard oivn~ even on non-agricultural land. Lower prices on larger orders e-eveh races trotted forty eight h“, o; the milk of each cow, 59y- , may he done 1h a very leiilihieht proclaimed on AI-nrch 21st or thcre "son-ow, in which shnse it is used H5 are suffering lostes running ln- Also it should not be forgotten that Also started chicks, any age. Order heats ah average of over {our emi times during the period oi. l way hi first’ but in the progress i abouts, another munili passes be- in "The Clerks Tale‘ by Chaucer. 11° thousands of dollars in a ~ingle mice often eat the same weed seeds - now. , heats to a. race and during this her lactation. There is no getting of recording some features of his . 1°” 111° $101111“ 15 11111 11111111 1 11° 11111 1131'“ ‘"1111 1111-5 d°11i/@11°11-i winter as a result of the girdling 1 and gruiii that our game b11115 dc- i “TLLARD P11011355. wiliole period was never otit of the money, winning three races being placed second four iimcs, third three times and fourth position. Onco out h; eleven races and in the forty glqhl’. heats he romped home a héat winner no less than sixteen times nnd duprcziting this number of seconds with one dead heat for mend place nnd in his sixteen winning heats he made no less than 53v of these heats in 2-30 or bet- tcr. In comparison with other horses glint raced with him in these eleven roses Bijou finished ahead sixteen times. Icvi Arisios, finished first five times, Molly Harris and Dutch Girl had each four limits to their crrdit. while J. R.. Shcdd nnd Le Roy had encli three heats and Pcrsicit and Arm's had two each, so one mlwhave some ‘ittle idea oi’ the wonderful staying power of our Qnrlicl‘ horses, As stated in a. former article Bijou was never risked to trot until sold to Mr. Easel-y in his sixth year gnd made his rorord at seven years with only one year's fitting and when we find him three years later beating his competitors over three to one. As a heat winner one wond- ers what such a horse would ac. complish under present day con- dltlens and modern equipment. In the same year's issue of the YPHT‘ b0ok the writer noticed ac- counts of many long drnrv-n out contests For instance at Phila. dolphin. on Julv 10th, ism wig iiqvg an account of a race that moi; dsiven heats to dedde a winner, there being no less than ten start- It's . The first heck was won -b_v a more named lvlolflv G, 1h the second heat she finished seventh and the third tenth then gradually came beck until iii the ninth heat she again won her time in the first being 2.24 1-2 and in the ninth 2m 3-4. The second and third heats were captured in 2-25 1-2 by n bay gelding named John Fergu- non. In the fourth and fifth heats he finished ninth and during the remaining six heats never got bet- Oer than fourth position- The lolirth heat ivent to rt chestnut gelding named Champion in 2.26- l-4-t-his horse finished last in the first heat. The fifth heat was won by Belle Middleton in 2.2’! 1-2. 1mm had not finished bettcr than third in any of the previous ts. - The sixth and seventh heats were won by st. Elmo (no doubt the s1re of Elmo importcd to this province by the Tate Dr. Strickland) 8t. Elmo's, Time being 2 2'! 1-2 and 8.25 1-2. In the eighth hoot Garrison, a. son of Orange Blossom. showed the others the way home m 2,25 1-2 and in the following heat finished fifth. this heat being taken by Molly G. the winner of the ‘ first heat- Mollyfls ninth mile being trotted in 2.26 3-4 only two onc-ilalf seconds slower than the first llent- The tenth and eleventh hcrits were iffliiiured by Garrison in 2 M 3-4 nnd 2 30 which gave him the mfe- St. Elmo finished second and 111M and Mciiy o third "no second in those hosts giving St. 51:11}; Swond money nnd Molly G. The above race gives it wonder- fl . ' . Th c n be kept as cattle ac- . , i . - - _, - » . bomb’ 111111W°1°d 1-1V111P11 111101111 oifi tathéblltigiilsogfiviilgf‘ power almost half a century ago he must couiyis’ “whether they be or the the abmc prole utxcpiaisc to arisen amuses us. call everyone of oiiir iiioottiig riphpulation of that area is i h; hchingisisl whcse mien,“ i,’ in In" Si‘; hpmi hm hp- ell go- my wcii dunk beet or dairy Dream modcrnitaslcs-i i I H H] We are all getting ready for a. imythng we like an ho _ y f‘ hi‘; or Ohr- f t __ m 1 i , knowing how each living tiring is ehjwn- hmighn i} fmiiinfl N0 dohhi when we “can hay; the: If you are “hiking a number or Skipping seveinl families” “vii? good time at the Coronation; every- any not.oe. In some i1 11605- ‘W! (1 i- v __ f 5°)‘ Iilifliy "C 1111 affected by and affects the Fill‘- 2 o6 L2 mid "111-1-‘111’ flint‘ of days o; hivgohe wms- they hrhii; to cows and mhrkeihig ii rehsohahie do not figure in the Indians bill ybody. rich nnd poor, seem to be do- shorter by a head for a .o._ , ti». l g1 p0illl_ill.)fl)illlt cit‘! YOUildllliZS‘ in which it lit-or; him ihh Qfnhm W, i” 1° S 1'1"“ S“ 1"“ mind. Carriages and Cupids"nnme- amount o, cream and miiih i, is or fare. ivc conic iioviile family mg their best to make ita big cele- than what we say. iTliis 1h (EH-s “chats to a tern? vi out} 11.) _<> our-r llyllii: um... um him,“ i0 pimié- iifhviive for fans 33h we“ to keep a separate account Snxlfragacvoc. 01j1-1111“, 1° 11111-1 bratlon. I believe the very poor get dently an allusison to Gilliam M111 v orna ura léilifilllwh asslliliini; thor- surroundings with it. Gi-ndti- . =-___,_.___,__ __ ___,__ bllckbozirds and brakes, ihg hecoihes ah important pa“ oi roams s iirimh it‘ , .i . my y. e wai- u ee s ow- argume . _ i.‘ ,' i‘ _ i .. ‘,1’ t ‘d L‘ i. d _ .ia etch‘. nrtiivo Sp0l‘l(‘.\‘_ fti . - - rm t» t llr.::l;l:::-....l":.. “fifilil-“S? zlrslllt- mole-tail Ll“t.’fi..?.§§’2r?‘ril§$.”.l.“llf;.“lliifl l 1F:ll.z-l..° illi-lmféf“ m;- sl l f 005N195? , to keep o. close accounting of this , , _' ' "_ .- ‘ ' " I iii y i, - ‘h hi, iih .,~__ * _ ‘ ‘ “ "'1" 1 “" --———— we 1-» or - 'l°°‘ I ' '- ‘- " '- - ’ ~ and 003mm and lakex There Med be no material d“- ctxjrrlltly-lltid ihtVlXit-r first“ “fore ‘selves: and lintscnd “£21113: mllinit calm‘? " tTlie inst of iii-s 111° "111" 11-"1111- 111111111‘ 1111-5 “'-1-'~'-\ "11 ‘inhallllcltflltzlikk “ltloillilllzcltiihxt A As or the summer ap- {ercnce fin gccpmghthe nccolglts or llSCt'1‘.(“L‘1.1l‘(‘i‘ cnteii 1H‘ ll, ulixcd iviih time‘ a letter would scarcely br- .\'ili“\l17'.‘,'1 1°°k111g 0111 101' 51111“ “i111 111111111115 3 qllcstiollriblul this wiltluliit; ivotild - . . . . ' t . rc- 4,, . ._ n‘ . ' ., . , , ~ " ' .,. 11'5""? I large crop of healthy, IP01‘ 111° 111111111191‘ 1997115 E carnival c1255 bseflfgpt of xtffiflsopfild ecmi- ?1].1€¢1'lbi§r1.|0§.-a11‘1 l). u. ,1, h, plfl I hope your crops tum out “an lihuwwti: otherthlalf to: m mm 22111111111211111110 tigwernut1i[1i2i\\ 1113111111111 1 aiuxlymo alilflmdnnltv “iirflfla 111111-311 Iiggmh, pups ihis “hi. by Rodin‘ of can; “med. Pmure for sheep has h.“ r-(‘ll < y (tying ves, p e-as . l n._ UTK m.- and ltrtlies ROYAL EFOX FEED Results during former seasons shows that the use of Royal with a 3111111 meat ration is the most posi- "W "By known for tile rancher to Ioenre best breeding results. Insist on Royal. All! your dealer tluiny or write direct to Tlie St. John iliiiiing Company Ltd. lllnt John New Brunswick foot-l COUNTS. to a mare coiled Kitty _ came back and won the eigthth and l ninth and race, Kittly Cs heat at; 2.17 3-4 being the fastest heat of the race. Attorney Jr. the winner away from thisplan as the only satisfactory way of culling your herd and making it more profit- able. Dairy men in every pro- vince are only to glad to assist you in securing milk sheets for keeping records and also in having ll-Nlfi made for butterfat content. Your farm account book should provide a daily record, for the to- tal milk production of your dairy herd, showing also the number of cows and the average production. This form also can be ruled in a scribblcr or note book, with very little trouble. A breeding, a calving record should also be kept for your cows, and care should be taken to re- tain for cows in the herd the heifer calves for your 111811851- producing cows. Daughters of all cows. producing both a high test for butterfat and a general flow of milk should H015 be sold on any account. They should be retained in the herd and developed for records of por- formance. Lf they 1111151 be 5°1d to reduce the number kept. they will bring much terse! 1111695 =1- ter having made records. Convenient fonns for keePlng monthly milk accounts can be read- ily had from Ottawa. Horn the amount of milk produced and the amount sold, either as milk 01‘ buttcrfat. a computation can be made as to the value of the amount used on the farm. The kcvf-vsj1 11F}; Wfimiff doubt be interesting to know ifow the eleven heats. The class was for 2.27 1101/1915 and the purse was $500110 Detriot Michigan pulled of! 8 nice back race for pacers the same year. It was a. 2.24 Pace 1111155 Wm‘ $1503.00 hung out. and had n0 1°55 than eleven starters. The winner. a. chestnut gelding named Chop- man, a son of St. Omar. 0011111 not get nearer than ninth place in the first five heats 11.15 place be- lng two tenths two elevenths and ninth. He then came along 111111 W011 the sixth heat, dropped the sgventh an o; the first; heat in 2.19 only got in tenthplaceThe next heat. went to a horse named Bawley in 2.20 1-4. Then a. horse carrying the cognomen of William M- Singerly came along and captured two firsts in 2.21 and 2.21 l-4 seventh heat had the colors dropped on him, an average spud of about 2.21 for the nine heats. l that in the earlier days the T110111- ment point were large fields and long drawn Out races. That same race meet from July 23 to 26th with eleven P114195 011 the card, I-Ilid one nine heat race. two six heat races, three five heat races and one four heat races, in all fifty-seven heats in eleven races an average of’ over five heats to each race. The average timc for the fifty-seven heats was well below 2.20 This is tronsldcrcd slow os compared with present day racing but when we consider conditions whole A chaos of couches and carriages, wherein are related those scrinis of hearts Whose happy conclusions are mar- ages. And the serials told in these bright summer carts Shame the tawdry devices fiction Cupid rider on the. dashboard and scatters his darts Without any stint or restriction. The lovers heed not that the moon- light is pale The ntisty and magical moonlight For the eyes of the maid as she lists to the tale ' Are gaiyer and irighter than of e 1110011 - DIIIT WELLS STAND the True economy in Well Drilling II not 111988111111 11y U" "n P" It la the cost per year the well remains in SERVICE "Int We can construct a well for you that will not need any "F"! Ihltlocver during your llle time. Be a Shrewd Buyer. Build for Pérlflalielicfi Oui- Bgnhg h" h“, mum‘ 1g ugy to flnnnce farm our-movements. The Home Improvement Plan provides for Weill- , Act now while conditions are favourable. Call, Phone or Write TRASK WELL COMPANY LIMITED VAUGHAN B. 0800M, Manager for P. E. is and, Sunlmerride- light. ‘rsr of TIME. business a farmer wiii ream‘, how i o nights, before the cool weather vahiahie mesa records are‘ and - and even snow-itirrlcs end. There is our, o; this experience wiii evoive still during eel-tan well-defened a mare complete system oi- aih, tears, abundance of auroral dis- counting that will be found to be playi ihvaiuhhga The Compton Buitcrllyl (Vanessa) A simple method of computing "W"? Apl- 4- 11128- the cost of keeping your cows wmm’ a5 "W"- '“"°“' 3 ‘md 4 19°11 should be arrived at. Cows vary a deep ‘m the 19"“ ‘1111- _5- 1926- greht “hi, both as to their “WI Aurora attract. attention ill the petite and the disposition of their 111655» APY- 7- 191114 1111"" 511°“ °11 feed. and the only exact plan of he 51‘"P'e"'1°11“1~" ‘ picking out the profitable ones is , Hm‘ “M” 111 U- s~ A- A111 7- by calculating the value of the 11931 11111111 hen- tis (leg. F-, at 3 P. feed consumed by each cow and M- Fmgs 1111*“?- the value of the milk she produces. 5 W111“? 531° and 5110115101111? 11° A good plan is to feed all the ‘ “"1111 5P1 3- 19311- cows an equal ration, until such 61°11“ 111ml 1101"" 5111- 9- 19191 time as you know them thomhgih Apl- 24, 1932. Partly fruvcn Api 28, 1y and to compute the value of o", _ the milk of each cow, both as to Cmppmg s17'~m'°“' “W11 A111- 9i qughiigy and richness in huitei, 192G Common toad nh-crverl Apl. fat. This will enable you to select 9- 19?1~ the profitable ones with renson- H°T°115 31.111 11111115’ "111" 1111115 011- able ccrtainlty. se1ved» AD1- 10. 1934- Computations have been made , of the cost of feeding a dairy cow ,“1.1-’1_11* "1 A111 _11i 191111 for a year by the Dominion E,“ First slup into Charlottetown in perimental Farms, but, as this i192“ o“ Apl- 13'; authority points out, a. good deal M“yfl°“'°r 1131111519“ 1" 111011111 depends upon circumstances. If a Am" ~14" 1915" A19‘? hardy Her‘ farmer is feeding for winter pro- flee" 13mm “"11” B“ lrmgula? much money changed hand. during- ‘ the quality of your pasture. duction of milk, the cost will bc 111°°m1118 11111114- mhch higher than if his cows are Fields white with snow from the dry in winter and give most of N‘ E" A1’! 15- 19191 their miik 0h summer hashim i Garden Crocus tldte varities) in It might be well to observe here n°w°n AP] 17- 191,7- thai the cheahhsi iivesmck Duh Mourning Cloak lAnticpa) butter- duction of any kind that a farmer fly observed- 5131- 13- 193T can have is made upon pasture where the animals seek their own food and thus save expensive la- , bor costs. When feed has to be In the pa“ “m” API-i 3°- 192G- harvested, threshed, ground, and Wind 769M131 as 40 m- 11-11- 5°11“?- fed, it is mtlch more expensive 1 ‘mes mmg 1° 69 m» 11- 11- in bloom. Apl. l9. 1920. than. when it has only to be grown. 3111111111’ 11111101411“ (‘1151111151 Pasture costs, on the other hand, “Y1”? APL 2°: 1927 vary according to the quaiiiy 0i _Wll.sons Snipe zlruninling Apl. the feed the field contains. Thin 23' 1932- - postures that are more or less un- The Chmwh M 511111111111119111, 1-011 palatable. and which lack nutri- 67' destmyed by 131111111191- Ai11» 27- tious grasses, are never profitable. ' , This is a waste of land and will Wink’, 111155511‘ 111 111B 111D 01 odd greatly to the cost. of your aprmgf ‘S111 511°“'111K~' AI11- 26. cattles keep. Milk can be pro- .1920‘ ‘snow on m“ 510111111" 11111 duced cheaper in summer than in “9' 191?- wiiitcr, but the relative cheapness sunnse 511d 5111151‘? 1-111- 46 def:- f its reduction will de nd upon N: 1°C“ 11"“?- API 1-"1- 5-41 fl- 111-, o p m 6-28 n. m. 6th. 5.32. an. 11th, ‘more mdigcstible dish could scarcely C011 spell, l0 clog, above zero ori_ as nothing of "care" or "sorrow" Northumberlancl “on this day from time immemorial the custom has been observed of eating peas, which, after having been steeped over- night in ivater to soften them, are . . fried in butter and then salted or peppered, these peas, so prepared, are called carilngs." Not any old kind of peas would do, however: the folk required a. speckl- ed brownish pea, which the merchants imported and stocked in quantity prior to the festival. Nor does t-he author mention, the rum which was always poured over the carlings us they came to table. A be found, but it was almost an article of faith that it should a-p- pear on the dinner table at that season, in the two northern counties. The tradition. not “from time immcmcrial’ either, is that dur. ing it famine a shipload of earl- ings CiITTIC to the Quay (wharf) at Newcastle, and was commandeered by the Mayor, who in gratitude to Providence, ordained that the fol- lowing Sunday should be kept as a festival with carlings as the chief dish on the table in memory of the relief from famine. The custom spread. but the folk of Lancashixfi showed their discretion by chang- Glory of the Show" (ChionodoxaJi Great Snowrtorms, as bad as any. ing to “fig pie“ on Carling Sun- Q- w In Lincolnshiie. at Grantham, the Fair held on the Fifth Monday in Lent is called "Caring Fair"- without doubt a con-upttion of Carl- ing Fair. “A LETTER FROM HOME." Sometimcs I get a. letter from n, distant relative who lives in New- “5110-1111011 Tyne; and this time I am going to give you my readers some extracts. I was slightly acquainted with the writer about half-century ago. when she worked in the Telegraph Office, in the days of the “single-needle tele- graph.” a modification, t believe, of the whcatstone instrument. A was associated with Carling sun-i day in the North of England. In, own-and of course of compulsion. Boards, Scheme as I see it, W115 ii lb. - "translation”) For Dutch butter 21‘ cents, it was as low as 17 cts. last summer, and good butter too. Eng- l lish M61119. $195k. 25 to 28 C15. 11111111 1 are generally above this figure of 30 ts. toncused to be 12 cts-, but was only l in request amongst classes: the chilling 11111119 11 19-11191 gelatinous. A lot of cheaper 1199f‘ comes into Britain from Argentina-t inouscs natural Lipton’: usedtoputonasaleof remnants every Saturday night 81 12 cents, per lb. for which these was ed: that British housewives single pointer, resembling a com- DH-ss “needl6," swung to left otr right under an ecctric impulse from a distant station, and spelt the ivords out by the Morse Code. As typewriters had not yet come rates it costs about 30 shillings per week. of fruit trees. by meadow and 11111" 1 mice. Working under the cover of i‘ snow this damage goes undetected . until spring thaws reveal the scarr- -' er trunks. Although this bark-Kiel of orchard trees and forest pltint- i irigs, as in Mr. Poole's account. is 1 the most conspicuous type of wintci- 3 damage done by these rodents, it is - age done to many species of native shrubs, vines and small Lr\['v. When it is realized thiitmtihfiw P1111115 l this year, We have a great "to-tic" l here with those Marketing SC11Q111°5 Y -a. farmer cannot call his soul his the general public believes that it makes CV61");- thing so much dearer. (There you have the British reaction to anything which suvors The Marketing genuine effort to benefit the farm- er; by giving them a voice in the i- marketing of their hard-won pro-- ducts. Generally speaking they did - not trouble to secure fitting re- presentation on the Boards-with the usual restllt.) "we pBAy for bacon about25cts per (The Canadian money 15 111 (Chilled New oealand mut-. L116 DOOTOT (of Yachting memory) l bacon i great demand among the manual workers.) Flour, the best, 56 ct.» (That. bothered me till I rememifii- Y h ti. "stone" of 14 lbs. That wsgdbbe $1123.92 for the 9B lb. ba~€1 Lard is g1 his so personally I think living is oheaP- , 1i; is the rents or rather the rates, (Taxes) that are the bugbears. A ‘ady whom I visit, lives with 111.1‘ dgughtzgr in a converted flatmfash- ionably called a “maisonette. 111111 not at all as nice as a. small new 1111119111 hgugg, There are three rooms and a. kitchenette. and for rent 811d (mt is $1.50. so 111“ 1 lilld alfalfa and in the , A study of the year boo-k shows’ The average cost of kee in a 5'22’ 6"“- 151111 513i 9-43- 315i. cow for one year, with gralian ind 04' 654- 26ml 4 5G- 7-01- T" 1‘°"l concentrates at about $25.00 per dune t0 5111111111111 711110 add 11 ton, will amount to about ssooo. 111111111“ 1111 GPQPi-‘vtvv-"ii- 11' min. ‘This will be when cows are fed for f” Ch‘“'1°11E1°\"11 @1111 16 for [fairly high production. In go “$711511- case of feedin for records e . cost would rung much higher. “DUN FOOD PLANTb (3') Keeping accurate accounts of your cow's feed need not entail a. great deal of labor. If you are having feed ground or grinding it at home, each time you have a grist done you can make a reasonable calculation of the quantity, and charge it up to the cows and cre- dit the same amount to your crop account. A calculation, accurate enough for your purpose, can be made of the hay, or other fodder, con- sumed. Ensilitge can be calculat- ed by the number of feet in depth in the silo, and the ratio at; which you are feeding it to all your stock. Similar accounts for beef cattle can be kept, except that the re- ceipts will be for cattle marketed instead of for dairy produce. The sale of breeding animals, either pure bred or grade, will be enter- ed in the same manner for both. qucntly been calculated at 2c per day per nnlmal. Sheep are hard i on pasture, as they clip it closely, which has to be token into ac- count. Pasture for hogs will be easily calculated by charging against them the value each acre of pas- ture would have produced if used that year for the growing of grain. This could be computed from the I gallons, and you know each month how regularly you have been feed- ing grain. Horses should be credited with from 80c to $1.00 for each days work they perform on the land. If a careful account of the cost of keeping horses was recorded, it might lead to a reduction in the number kept on some farms. This might add to the profit of farm- ing by the best and most effec- tive method —reduction in costs. H you have not been keeping farm accounts, begin the first year upon a cash basis. ‘That is keep- ing a record of the each paid outI and the cosh received. 1t might be i wcll to undertake cost accounting on one or two lines, such as poul- try and hogs, or perhaps dairy cattle. Keep than coat aceoimtl the vegetables to the early inhabitants. Species of Lcpidiuln were eaten raw", with or salt, as QTSCIIS," or the seeds “We ground and made into ilvciid, mush, or flavoring. Shepherd's Purse, an introduced wecd, ivas vatfli 11S sajad; its seeds used f0!‘ 111110111 The powdered root of the‘ Sea Rocket was mixed into flour in times of scnlclty. Both the Block Mustard and ltild turnip (Brassica cnmpestirs) were eaten as K109115- The seeds of the Herbie. (Sisylnbrltlm) were parched, ground.‘ 1 and made into sell the flixwceci wore .1! or mush. March Cl‘ the same fashion .'1‘llo species of Bitter and Winter eaten its salads. Willi the s iglr ex- ception of llic Wntcr family ROSRTCCITE‘ wrrl- rllvii. tiioiiilh \l'0ll1(1 not be ncr:t‘p‘.:ill‘t‘ to us. The ifrtllt of the Clinkvllcrljv i bytlic Indians 0111i!‘ North-custom States in the prvilzli-niiuii of pem- micnn. The fruit of Imili species of Mountain Ash were l‘:ll(‘ll fresh; I cnllnct find that drink was made from tun‘ rnsaceons f"t. Th Id. Pl‘ (Ami- {ggée yggrmher “M? 0'01“ 51°11“ alliuclhier), el-{lxiitlfln 1;“ botanists ' . .tl lt\"', i rat The c051’ or rate‘; f“ r3115” W111 ‘fllivorifte 2111.311‘: lslfslvccrillid pltcizient be easily CillClllll e , as er Jgrairi msihm The rlhorri (homes, iration is usually mensu cu n ‘Wm mien imh m. (him; made boiled and cairn with meat: or used The great and useful family of Cnlcifornc Ilifilnwll litany (Pcppcrc ress without hfustlird i null those of; nnd for bread s was used in Cress were n m, iloiic of (7 All pmssiblt‘ lilPill1lt‘l'.“, of the irrc ngnill. some tr ilit‘ bcrrics was uscd tut, ocrmcnicrl into paste nnd dried for winter ilse: in making pcnilnlcliil in addition a ion-like drink Wits prepared from tlic dried ‘caves. The Hawthorns were utilized llv pressing the berrias. mixed with other fruit, into cakes mid drying UlPm for winter, or othrrtvise the berries were cateli csli. The Scarlet Sirawllcrry izoncrnllz- enicn frcsli. blit se-me- limes the Indlriils madc jam fur winter use. UIOHRH it must have W85 in a scpnrritn book. nnd in your own way. until you work out some pinn of coniguliiiix: (‘oils for your T31111- LGR-ICULTUB-ISI‘ into general use, the operator watched the needle, and pencllled the words on a pad; Since the position was one of great re- sponsibility, the selected on an intelligencobams. Let us see what this correspond- cnt has to saty. (All matter brackets is my own comment). licrc for a few weeks, with the ex- ception of a. snowstorm, fortnight ago. the only one winter-it did not last long but was gone in a day or two. South of England and it seems to be spreading northward. It is not a. vory bad form of the disease this ‘me though there have been some fatal cases. coiliit of Prince Georges the phrenologist: it was papers as an ordinary piece of news it here, nltho the chemically and maisonette costs $390 P91‘ Yea“ We don't», igww what taxation is!) “The raldis is pretty 200d 11°11?- we do not allow advertising, as they do in the States: I £10111 1111011’ what is the custom in Canada.’ On the Sunday a broadcast from Luxemtburg (West of 138181111111 1185 gdvertisifig and we get part of that. we get good value for our in sliil- iihgg $1.50) a, year. As I am ulnwst a slsl-lut-m" how I many a t'mc wonder what. 1 would have donc had there been no listeninfl 111; I like mars. plays. light music, Vatlfiby (that is. vaudeville) and last but not least, I enjoy listening to the Schools. (An electlc taste! WQ11. we do get advertising. but I ma-lcc . that an occasion for pulling off the switch.) "Now—("Agrlco‘.a.‘) you sefim satisfied with Canada, but honestly‘ I think there ls no P111116 11KB Elli." i land. We get weather that's neiiiicl" ~ too hot nor cold. It's a comfortable 1 place to live in. We can B1011"! 11nd telegraph operators were in "We have had quite good weather about n. this "Flu" has been very bad in the “I daresay you could see some ac- visit to in our nd no importance was attached to gossip that's FERTILIZERS We now offer for sale fertilizers of the very best grades both echanlcally at the following prices: Nitrate of Soda $42.00 Sulphate of Ammonia 36.00 Superphoaphltc. 18% 17.00 Superphosphate, 20% 20.00 Murillo of Potash, 50% 37.00 2-10-4 19.80 2-12-6 . 22.40 Z-IZ-G-‘wlth 2% Borax 24.40 4-8-7 23.40 4-8-10 24.80 4-8-13 26.80 5-8-8 26.00 5-10-5 24.80 per ton delivered any Railway Station on Prince Edward Island in curload lots of 24) tons or more. ilcnd on, to enable them to survive .(‘.‘>\l\.'(’1_\' high mouse population hard winters, and therefore an ex- may contribute towards winter foocl siloriages, and ultimate starvation for many birds. As a nuisance to agriculture, the nielitloiv mou e ranks liigh and its i equally in seriousness by tile dzim- l 11°11‘ 15 11"‘ 111°"? 1115111111115 1113-“ 1 innt. of most animals or insects. as it.» ciopreclatiolis usually go on com- i).t-tciy' unsuspected ill hay, clover fields. Tests have siioivh that it actually take= 23 pounds of green food a year to JIPDOFL one meadow mouse, not to mention what is cut down and not. fillly eaten. As 100 meadow mice to the acre is not unusual tdurillg “mouse plagues" they have been c-ttilnated at over l,0()0 to the acre) it Ls easy to see that this number will reduce by a toh of green or a half-toil of dry llny pcr acre. The_ U. S. De- partment of Agriculture estimates - that on the asumiatlon that prob- ably no farm land today averages it's; than l0 meadow mice per acre, the loss on the 65,000,000 acres of hay fields in the country runs a i minimum of 3,000,000 tons of hay a year, and more if predator de- struction allows mouse populations to rise above the lo-per-acre figure. That meadow mouse populations l0 per acre (and tending to in- crea e) is apparent in many regions as the continued killing of rodent predators (Hawks, Owls, snakes and carnivoriotls mammals) reduces the enemies." The meadow mouse has often been called the "staff of life" for cami- vorcs (meat eaters) because it transforms annually an enormous amount of vegetable food into ani- ma) food which is then available to support a. great variety of cami- vorous birds and mammals. So as long as the meadow mice are here we need all those species that prey upon thcm, although of course. meadow mice themselves in certain‘ numbers do have their own im- portant role to play in nature's scheme. Attempts at artificial control of meadow mice, poison, little short of ridiculous when one considers the re-prodtlc- tive rate with which nature has en- dowed the meadow mouse, prcstim- ably so that it might survive in a world where it nomally is preyed upon by so many “enemic:=." If provided with an abundance of food they have been found to produce 1'7 litters n. ycar from 2 to 9 young, the average being 5. A5 the young arc to breed at the age of 25 1 increase of‘ ready days, the potential one pair exceeds a million individ- uals in a. year's time.‘ Many people simply cannot be- licve this figure until they work it out for themselves, and one won- ders llow anything is able to keep meadow mice in check. The an- swer. though, seems to be that un- der normal conditions the rate at which they breed just equals and balances the rate at which pred- ators catch and eat them. For this to be truc, predators and other l a cntlscs mtlst destroy 43 mice a year for every mouse of the normal average population; that is. they must crop 430 mice a year orl ca acre, on the basis of a normlll as RSWAIIWCT above, if the average lfracklcy, P. E. Island. as it may from time to time, as a 1'6'li1't of many possible causes. The extent to \\'ill('il animal»- move varies greatly, but birds as a. group represent the maximum of mobility and because of their abil- ity to shift rapidly over long distances, they are outstandingly effective as controls on plant cat- ing species that tend at times to assume the proportions of a. plague. Certain examples of this sort are famou". The appearance of the tremendous flocks of Franklin‘! Gulls that. saved the crops of the early Mormon settlers in Utah f i-om grasshoppers, is nolv commemor- _ , zitcti by a monument. The ailpear- 11113 91°11 5191a _‘ ancc of great numbers of not only Hawks and Owls, but Crows, Her- ons, Jays and shrikes, has invari- ably been noted at; tunes of mouse or vole plfigll93 both in America. and Europe. Less well appreciated are tho effects of’ the large concentrations of birds that regularly occur during the spring and fall migrations. The hordes of small Warblers reaching us from the south in the prlng. just as the leaves are com- 1115.01.11. on the trees, and the leaf- eattng insects are appearing. aid greatly in reducing these insects to a. point where there are riot enough to do any serious damage to the tree during the slimmer. Tho movement in the fall or northern Hawks to their wintering grounds, means that over most of the : where the danger of winter dam...o by meadow mice ls greatest, NYSE! mice are normally stibjrct, to a 118F116’ drain by Rcdtatl, Rough- legs, Red-shouldered. Broad-iillitcti and Marsh Hawks. just before illP snows of winter fall. Following tilts dastruction in numbers. the stores of winter food that are set aside by the larger meadow mouse populat- ion of the summer. are L1l(‘ll» to carry the entire remaining i , l.- ation through the Winter and ilLllC ch i l ally are forced to the eating of bark, which they resort to iargclv 11' a, means of avoiding starvation. i As Mr. Pooie's account ha; sllnwll, , these liligratilzg Hairles- wlll l!l'l.’l'- rupt their migration and stay on n i area that has nu excessive nio o population to the point wilerc urea. does not afford a more ml: lrV obtainable food supply than the surrounding territory When nth point is reached. of coiln-c tlzc Hawks move on further soutii. un- less winter is ovcr by that time. in which cast- tlicy rcttlrli north to breed. Herbert Stoddard of Tlionlasvflle. Georgia. the Quail expert. him similarly found that Marsh H-lwks tend to concentrate in the winters on areas in the south wiicrc cotton. rat: are found in large numbars, aild cat tlicln almost cxcltlsiveli‘. to the great. benflt 0t‘ the Quail. as in tili- spring the cotton rat is a. destroyer of Quail newts, being fflllfi. of eggs. The story of the meadow mouse lid the way if z‘ sour-c flfforts i all other living things, illxint and ii illlllllii1. that occur iii illr same j surrounding‘ with it. is itist lipi- ml example of the rolilplicntrtl brmdmg population of m per “m, interrelationships that cxisi in the world of nature. Thcz-t- are erridli- 1'1“‘-v “'111‘ be 111911‘ 11111191111 V’ 11nd l mechanisms and instead of livid- and (‘Iliftili causing some Predators h. Sh. iihshiiih: ihhhh mm ihhm h, 1° ‘i111 10-1" 111111 f1111-f111l!_ 11m11y 1° i his own liscs by allowing them in 1'1"“? 1° ‘X11191 1111111115 “11<‘1"‘ 111° ' cmitiniic to maintain those natural rm“ 5111111‘? 15 beufi- _ checks and balance: that. we are Th” 31711111’ 1'“ "m" 11110111; 1-“ 1‘ finding so ilcmssary to the llrzillhy characteristic of most animrtlz adiiisimhhi o; ihi. i-riiiiii-i. hhhhd- Air-ting the species flint p11‘); i111 iinre of all species of livilti: things. others it reaches its high-hi. dc- _m(~",\RD ii_ p0i~i;ii_ "flmmwnt 9'5 m‘ ad"111“11‘111 1° l National Association of Alidilljbfl fluctuations in available food. In ‘ Sohiciihs, this vvai‘. they save themselves from dcnih if their normal food becomes difficult to obtain in a certain urea. iii lnnnlfiu Llnlmcnt removes nlnlnl. ..___‘ LIME For deliveries to trucks or teams at our plant a discount of 50c poi- ton will be made. For the control of brown burl. in turnips our %l2—6 with Borax has given excellent relulll. Our fertilizers are now in flock and are ready to deliver in bags containing 100 lbs. each. Place your order and take delivery early and you will not be disappointed. The Island Fertilizer company Limited‘, Charlottiloiiilmlfriiioe Edvard Island "hhntl Goods for Island Growers" ‘IT BRINGS THE CLOVER" ' Orders are now being booked for immediate and Spring delivery. Write for prices delivered your stallion Brooliville Manufacturing 00., Ltd. Brnokville, St. John Cm. N. B. H. G. S. ADAMS, Slannirci" i. l. 1