Q01: roux ‘l IIE OIEARLNTETSWII GUARDIAN Morning Dally (Founded In 1887) Prddeat. Lleut. Col. W. Chester B. McLurc Vice-President: _.I. B. Burnett, F.J.L - Secretary: Lleut. Col. D. A. MloKlruloll, 11.8.0. Editor and Managing Director: J. B. Burnett, FJJ. lunch‘ Editors: Frank Walker and Lleut. Ian A. Burnett, R.C.N.V.B. (On Active Service) "The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink." MONDAY, JUNE 23. 1m U. S. Estimate The United States War Department has made a tentative estimate of the military cas- ualties in the Battle of Europe. The total is placed-at 00,o00,000——the killed fighters number- ing about 14,000,000. In tlle First World War, the corresponding figure was 3,500,000. Tbs comparison indicates that the Second World \Var was nearly twice as “fatal" as the Great War of a quarter-ceiltury ago. The Washington estimate includes no cas- ualties in the war against" Japan, and these have hen very heavy. The present tabulation cov- ers all military services of all tlle combatants- armies, navies and air forces-and works out as follows: Killed in battle, and dead 14,000,000 Permanently incapacitated 5,500,000 Wounded, returner] to dtlty .. 30,000,000 Captured . . . . . . .. 10,200,000 These figurcs may or may not be too high. The noted fllitary analyst,- Mr. Hanson W. Baldwin, thinks they are~—particularly the number‘ of “permanently incapacitated." But even so, it is apparent that the current global conflicts human cost will be double that of the First World War. For the Japanese war is taking a fearful toll in blood-and who can say what losses China has suffered. As to civilian casualties, this wars toll is vastly greater than that of the last conflict. In the British Isles alone more than 60,000 civilians were killcd and 86,000 injured. Ger- many's civilian population doubtless suffered nluch heavier casualties, while the number of Russian victims of German savagery has been enormous. And on top of all these are prisoner- nf-lvar deaths in German concentration camps —large numbers of them. Growth Of Civil Service Latest report available reveals there are 32,- 000 civil servants in Ottawa alone, and in all 140,000 cheques were sent out to government employees throughout Canada. If this can be taken as a rougll estimate of the number of civil service employees in the Dominion, it in- dicates a remarkable growth since the start of World War l. For instance in 19x4 there were 25,107 civil service employees alld their salaries totalled $1,960,238. By 1920 the figures were 47,133 and $4,423,157. By 1925 the number of government employees decreased to 38,645 but the salaries increased to $4,473,470. In 1935 the figures were 41,338 and $4,757,045, and in 1939. 45.437 and $512-$081- Aocording to the report, the 32,000 civil service employees in Ottawa receive an aver- age of $115 a month, which is not a large in- eome. If this can be taken as a general aver- age, the total payroll for civil servants amounts to over $8,000,000 a month. During the last ten years, and particularly since the start of \Vorld \Var II, the number of civil service per- sonnel has increased sharply. It has been inti- mated in some ciuarters that when the war is over there will be a sharp reduction, but indi- rations are that the reduction will not be as great as many expect. Social security schemes, the complicated tax structure and other gov- ernment work will demand the services of thous- ands to operate them. Rehabilitation of vet- erans 0f the Second Great War which will be on a larger scale than ever before, will also re- quire a large staff. Viewed from any angle, it looks as if there will be a large force of civil servants in the years that lie ahead. When France Fell Five years ago 'now France fell. "In- vasion, 1940" was one of the series of short- wave talks latelv broadcast by the BBC. Among the several speakers was “r. Denys Hay, a historian up to the beginning of 1940. But by the summer of that year, he said, “like thous- ulds of others, I was a soldier.’ Now, trying "t0 look back at it all again as a historian", it seemed to him that the preparation which Dull- kirk gave us was tremendously valuable but "largely spiritual." We'd salvaged am army and learnt fundamental military lessons. But we'd lost the gulls and tanks and transport with which to apply the lessons. Dunkirk had de- prived us even of what we had. On May 23 of that year, Mr. llay said, Southern Command counted its guns and the total came to 80— some of them with ammunition. On June 21, "after scraping the barrel and digging into the depths of military cupboards that had been closed for decades," Southern Command was able to return a total of "146 pieces, some new, some obsolescent, some obsolete.” And it was on the day of that return that France felll" Soviet Pin-Pricks I Sometimes it is not easy to find the reason for Russian actions, as for instance the ac- cusation of the Moscow radio and the official Soviet newspaper Pravda that a death camp to do away with innocent Poles exists in Scotland close to Edinburgh. It surely must have occurred to propagand- ists that if there was any basis for such an absurd cllargc it would have been made long ago by Polcs in England, wllo enjoy the free- dom of the British press ‘and speech. As the accusation is made by the official Soviet news- paper it bean the government's stanlp of cp- proval. It is probable, suggests an exchange, that the supervisionof Pravda, the radio, apd pro- paganda is in the hands of connnissars who have not the same desire for cooperation with the other great powers as have Stalin and Molotov. Allied statesmen have found the top-ranking Russians to be reasonable men, broadminded and sincere in their efforts towards collabora- tion, but there seems to be an unfriendly and disturbing attitude in the lower strata of Soviet officialdom. -EDITORIAL NOTES- The last lap of June, hope it will be a dry one. n- u c e The elementary schools follow the high schools and colleges into vacation this week- then it is up to the parents. I U U I Never has there been such a demand for teachers than at present, every district seems to be in want of them. I I l U Some organizers, like poets, are born, not made, and Mrs. H. S. Henderson is one of them. The success of the P. E. I. Protestant Hospital is largely due to her organizing abil- ity, plus her pleasing personality. I I I i! It is now arranged that Summerside will be the Navigation School here for the Air Force, and Charlottetown the Service School where Cadets will take their final course preparatory t0 graduating. a u Pipe-smoking Britons are cheered by the arrival from southern France of first con- signment of briar to reach Britain in five years. It was estimated the 40 tons 0f briar received will make 250,000 pipes. I I . i I Who is going to become the owners 0f H. M. C. S. Queen Charlotte now in the market? A fortune has been spent on her by the Fed- eral Government in order to make her suitable as naval barracks. It is one of the most cell- tral lots in the city, and the premises could be easily converted into anything, from a de- mobilizing station to a suite of apartments. j I I I The armed services’ vute was disappoint- ing due in large measure to the unexpected early Nazi surrender and the consequent scat- tering of the soldiery hither and thither. The biggest vote was recorded evidently not by men in the fighting line, but by stay-at-honles and air ground forces who were easily accessible for polling purposes. ll Ii l Our export market in potatoes. fish, furs and moss must be speeded up if we are to hold our own financially. It is proren for decades past that national income of. Canada for any year bears an almost invariable relationship .10 the value of exports of tllc country for the previous year. Before the war, $IO0\ in fox- ports one year meant $400 in ilatioilztl income the following year. I 1 i I Mr. D. Leo Dolan, chief of the Canadian Government Travel Bureau, Ottawa, predicts an expansion of tourist traffic in 1946, and urges that roads be improved and hotel service polished up. In regard to roads, he says: “What's the good of scenery if we can't see it for dust?" U i ll I Recently the Financial News, London, in a New York dispatch said upward revision of the Canadian dollar to parity with the United States dollar now is confidently expected. The expectation was said to be based ‘on the tech- nical movement of funds from the States to Canada, and it was said t0 be consid- ered that the Canadian dollar probably would be at par now if controls were lifted. In a summary rlln about the New York story, the Financial News said "apparently it is taken for granted that any revision would lift the Can- adian dollar from its present level, $4.45, to parity with the United States dollar at 4.03 dollars middle to the pound." l t t I The first Wesleyan Methodist Conference was held this date 1844; once a year each dis- trict sent representatives to attend conference held in London or elsewhere; until I784 it consisted of such of \Vcslcy's preachers as he wished to call, but in that year a legal constitu- tion was given to it and a scheme of lay rep- resentation adopted, this being the supreme court of Methodism; the legal body, called the Legal Conference, consists of a hundred members elected either by seniority or by the vote of the whole conference; this body en- dorses and adopts what has been done in gen- eral conference; in Canada the Methodist Church in name is now non-existent, but throughout the rest of the world there are solne 15,000,000 members, 60,000 ministers. 100,- 000 local preachers, 96,000 Sunday Schools, over 10,000,000 teachers and officers, and over 10,000,000 scholars. u a v n Four years exploration of Australia and in- timate friendship with Australian people have convinced Mr. Nelson T. Johnson, America's first long-term Minister to the Commonwealth Government, that Australia has an almost un- limited destiny in world commerce and in Pac- ific affairs. In his four years he has seen more of Australia and learned more of Australians than many Australians see or learn in a lifetime. About to leave Canberra to return to Wash- ington, he concluded his mission with a pro- pllecy and some advice. He prophesied that within the Australian continent Australian peo- ple will build up a domestic empire like that which thelpeople of the United States have created in North America. His advice is that United ,,, __ CHARLOlTETOWN GUARDIAN Notes By 771e, Way You shouldn't expect loo much of other people because on the average they are very-plum 11g, Yelp-Quebec Ohronlcle-Telezrsph. “And after all, It ll style alone in whldh posterity will judge o! a great work, for an author can have nothing truly his own but hla sty fl-Dlaraell. Have you over noticed many names of trees have three letters? asks Your Llfe azlne. Here are a few as a art,- er: "Ash, bay, bee, blg, box, elk, elm, fig, fir. gum, goo, haw, may, not, oak, sill. tea and yew. ll o w only ag- There are no better sefllelg In the world than the Dutch. There are man of tlhem 1n Ontario to- day and hey have made good. They are hard-working and industrious; they llke the land andthey are easily assimilated. They have the same outlook on llfe as‘ Canadians and they would flt ln easily with our social and polltlcal system. - London Free Press. favor was its soclallzlng lnflu- ence. No two people could slt ln one of the things and remain strangers. It enforced a 00d neighbor pollcy, by throwing its occupants into close and lntltnale contact. That, penhaps, ls what, recalling some tender ekperlences on moonllght. nights, endears the sly. treacherous gadget our memory.-Wlnds0r Star. On the emergence In Germany of men and women of the high. est moral courage. who can ex- pose the falsity of the odlous creed that 118.5 been propagated by force during the past l2. years. and teach their people honest, thinking and reliance upon themselves, not upon a delfled tlutocrat, to work out their own salvation, depends the only hope of an honorable future for Germany. The first necessity ls to face, without self-deception, the hideous truth about the pre- sentr-London Times. One fact noticeable us the war has progressed ls the increasing tendency of holiday-makers to treat their escape from the city as an occasion for recuperation rather than recreation, says the Glaskow Herald. The zest with which ln peaceful times holiday- makers consumed thelr energy was evidence of rude health which he- lled the supposed need for a fort.- tllghvs change of occupation. But today all that the week-antler asks is tahat he shall be left alone to slt and sleep and hope that. there may be an egg for breakfast to- morrow. In the fullness of time the alppetlte for rlolf and other vlol- ent exerclses will return, but for the present the thouzht of a week- end of idleness with perhaps the greatly-to-be-deslred egg ls all that. ambition deslres. . Word has come from Dr. K. M. Ruchlll of the University of Leeds and G. M. Tlmmls of Imperial Chemical Industrleft that‘ during experiments on growth undertaken to test the action of a series of flavlns or yellow pigments, a hitherto undescribed property was discovered lll a compound design- ated as 9-phenyl-5:6 hcnzo-iso-zll- loxazlne. The layman will rom- prehend little and care less about that caballstic label. But. he may be interested to learn that when some.of'thls_..substance was inject- ed lllfcrtllblilb‘ rats It. turned their halrmorange-yellow ln a svm- metrical pat/tem along the spinal column. When injected into black- eyed white mice, the stuff led to a yellowing of the hair on the back and flanks-Brantford Ex- positor. Some landlords have found that catastrophe has not overtaken them when they admitted children to their property. We have in mind the case of an apartment house owner who enforced the "no children" rule rlgldly untll his young married daughter, living ln one of the suites, presented hlm with a. grandson. She could not. very well be put. lnto the street- al: least the landlord didn't think so under the circumstances. The old rule fractured, other families with young chlldren were allowed . Latest reports Indicate all tenants have survived the new dispensation. In fact. everyone feels happier that they llve ln a place where babies are not re- garded as evlL-Edmonton Journal. There has been a tendency to disparage the efficiency of the suicide assaults (on the U5. fleet off Okinawa island). but the flg- ures do not support that vlew. The Japanese have lost 4,002 planes slnce March 18, yet 1f only 100 of the human bombs got through to the decks of our shlps they have each taken more than 40 American llves besides inflicting damage. Admiral Mltscher believes that we must. redesign some of our equip- ment against the bomb-riding en- emy. The Japanese acknowledge that our defence has improved. es- pecially ln the use of “rocket ships." The American fleet ls still there and will remain until our troops have won the last foot of Okinawa. But tlhese sulclde squadrons have warned us what to expect when our shins assemble off the coast of Japan Itself for the flnal invasion. —New York. Times. A strange story ls brought back from Bruges by the best known of all London vlcars, Mr. P. T. B. Clayton, the padre of Toe H. When there he met. the Anglican chap; laln to the Brttlsh legatlon Mr. . J. l-llll ard. who told hlm ow the great. lchelangelo Madonna‘ was taken by t-he Germans from the Church of Notre Dame of Bruges. This marble statue ls one of the world's major art treasures. Mr. l-llllyardfisi story ls that the sacrls- tan of the church told hlm that one night he was awakened after mldrllght and brought to the church by German officers, who wok the keys and entered lt with a low trolley carrier on which after much work. thelr soldiers set the Mlche- langelo statute and took it to one of a string of Red Cross wagons that were drown ulp outside. The secrlstan and a priest who had hunted to the place protested and pleaded. but the statue was taken, and then lts plinth. and then s number of paintings cut. from their panels. All the horrlfled custodian could learn from the looters- was that these treasures were to be taken to Zeebrugge and rhlplwd to Germany. What became of them la not yet known. ‘Ellen: was a horrible rumor tn Belgium, Mr. Clayton said, that the ship had they must make unlimited use of modern slave been mm, by Ame,’ m, ‘mm _ labor - machine labor —- in the task. Manchester Guardian. writs old h8g3’! chief elalm m“ racmc BESSIE Pattern (By Kirk: L. Bl.- , Mm . Pres News Analyst). The Pattern of In Allied army navy and air force climbs-Lion be-I yond tine Pacific for the 1min an. ""13 W, JBP-Hwee armles at home or Ln China m beginning m merge clearly even before not/um r only two recommendations ln that rcgecrdhvolced by Gen. Else W n e apdte to Cong-g“ another American ..it2......‘“ than as a military mamgj,“ Those two prime lessons learned in Ellmllfi. the Allied supreme oom- mflrldel‘ wfllnst. Germany said, were co-olddgagn 85mm fouraes, , w: an . - a s 1e combat team; and bu" ng to bear on the foe the full weight of available over. whe Allied superlou-lty ln all military categories. m; All you mounts» LUMBAGO on sorta lulcx i» u» bntu;¢a'lisht': “d, namely BAGK-RITE TABLETS h loll: if l 1.11am’: iolaatrloliii‘ VNQMIIO Phil we and 0th urlru of Rheumatism whlc ordinary treatment fall t reach. Prlce 50o per box, TllE 2 MACS 140 Great. George elm, Mall Order! Given Prompt .Aflenllon __al' IDlNDON -—- (OP) 3111411} runners will convene an Interm- uontll conference of representatives of farming organizations in 1Q- don next October .1t wlll conduit the formation of an international‘ federation of farming bodies. ‘ tors staff will be on the Amlvrlcan divisional pattern with his top zen- eml staff officer being calleu his mile! o! 8M1. his Adjutant and Quartermaster General post being broken down into SePfl-mte depart- ments under separate officers. He will also have an Inspector Gvllerlll m! a ifn-lef of Ordnance, posts mill-l r as such to a Canadian division. I O O Gen. Eisenhower came back from Europe so much impressed by the "Milne-team" idea that he, later Nllressed his own urlsh that, Amer- lean Zround. sea and air forces would wme day wear "the same uniform." He. doubted 1t would, due to hitter. service rivalries, but despite the dual MacArthur-Nimitz command team now beyond tlhe Rlclflc, something of the same one-team organization that. prevailed 1n Eur- ope l5 beginning to emerge. Selection of Gen. Stllwell by Gen. MacArthur to command the United States 10th Army on 0km; awe. ls a case ln point. The death in action of Lt-Gcn. Simon B Buckner. original 10th Amly oom- matldcl", opened the way for Gen. Stllwelrs new post as a combat louder, c-rtalnly a role against; Japan lle prefers to his previous assignment as chlef of army ground forces. The 10th Army, while stlll pre- sumably under direct command of Fleet Admiral Nltrtlfz, Gen. Mac- Arthurs naval high-command 001- league, is ltl fact the forward elem- ent.’ of Gen. MacArthurb ground forces. There have been veiled 1n- tlmatlons that as ground commen- der, Gen. MacArthur has been seeking it under his direct control. Wlth Admiral Nimitz’ announce- ment that the Cltlrnawa campaign has been concluded and the all important strategic Japanese Is- land freed of the foe except for snipers. the moment for that seems at hand. Gen. S-ttlwellls assignment by MacArthur ls its practical con- E-IIIRITIBIIOH. ll. J. MABOll OPTOMETBET Dog Days: Air Marshal G.O. Johnson, Chief of the R.C.A.F. gvfllwflmdls White-haired, mund- BOBd an good-nurtured. At a press e-Wflce m’! his return to the .~ | - $5381 ‘m? week m said Dye U the 1min; and 53:3) yin: (slum ' lems 801.11g men wadln; re- i=_=-"— ‘ patrlatlon from overseas wtlsi llow Montague, P, l; l, NEWGABTTIIE, lklglantl - t 1 Lhgy was 30mg m 8,6, ma, bame - Alderman olln Grantham, ~ mgles and mascot docs back onus Hguayslg agile A. u. gmwmg: ergmlgleloggéu" I ‘ - ' ' m of Newcaatle ln 1936. than?“ i“ cat-rims mirw “mes l was“: commander of the Norw nrma capactylnorderw, Nome “st Om Bet as many alrmen as =slble- W" my f ' ' as soon as possible. erei lSXIT much space left for personal belongings. llolldnys etc. b: up Ofllce Connect DRUGSTOBE tmellt with The men are told to crate their trophies and take their chances of llavlnc them shipped eventually. But in the case of pets, then: are proloflsvd formalities of quarantine and veterinary inspection that have to be followed. “And." said Marshal Johnson with a sfln, “the all-men hate to part. with their dogs and I'm - afraid | there's been some smuggling." I ALASKA HAS BIGGEST The greatest of all the bears ls Alaska. brown bear, sometimes called the Kodiak. ASTONE TABLETS l Sufferers from Asthma, Bronchitis, and chronic ————- coughs should take , Lhlrl flléksfll-ESGXICE of Naturgz, as of E I e wor o men, many t em are 1 who have only statistical wonder: A A N | taller tree. a deeper sores. a bts- Regularly Dally | ger lam-somewhere elee-Gray- Th“ Is much hen" w“ h i . walt for the symptoms of an- - other attack. By taklng ASTONE TAB- LETS you can avold the choking, breathllessneee and heart. strain caused by re- pented spasms. We find that in some cases the adult suf- ferer gets better relief with a smaller dose. We suggest ' that you experlment. n llttle and find out Just the right does to suit your own case. Take ASTONE TABLETS II- bedllrrle and let restful nightly sleep. Many suffer- ers are doing so, and enloy- int: this comfork-Why not you? » MONCTON BUHMERSIDE SAINT ‘JOHN FREDERICTON NEW GLASGOW . MAGDALEN ILANDS Capital Closeups _.§ For Reservations - Tickets rllost: Rogers Alene! 54° Airport. 2061 - 2062 (By Jarl: Brayley, Canadian Press _ Staff Writer, Ottawa) When Mat-Gen. Bert. M. Hoff- melster establishes temporary Pac- command headquarters at Brotkvlll-s, O-nt., in a few weeks that. military-conscious town will be in for some confusion . sod to the correct terms and style that. go wl.\ an officers’ training centre. Brockville is going to hear Brigades callcd regiments. a staff officer called a chief of staff and possibly see some all- roultd reduction in rank. . It all hinges 0n the adoption by the new 6th Division, made up of 30.000 volunteers, of a. United States Army pattcm to avoid confusion ln the field. Gen. l-loffmelstefs men scheduled to start serious tralnlnc in Iientucky in September, wlll' fight; with United States troops and under American general command. l A Defence headquarters spokes- man said the American operational My shop ‘will he closed for re- plan ls only being borrowed for the duration of the war against Japan and that Canadian annlec pairs from Monday, June 25th rlntll further notice , FULTON ROBERTSON of the future will revert to the Hunter REver. MARITIME CENTRAL AIRWAYS ll- F. lluteeson & 80A l0 Tablets .. ‘ 22 Tablets m .n.oo | E. A. FOSTER Central Dru; Store Sole Dlslrlbul-or for PJ-Ll. OPTOMETRISTS “Specialists ln the fit- i British pattern. i ,' tlng of glasses for the I American regiments are of Brig- ade proportions and at the some time require only a Lieutenant-Col- onel in command, This means that: Gen Hoffmelstefs brigade com- manders may reduce 1n. rank to American scale when ‘they take over their outslze regiments. some American urltts of Carl- adlan battalion strength are com- manded by Major; but ft la un- likely that. any of the Mill's bat- talion Colonels will red/use to that rank. though it ls understood this decision has not been finally made. A mllltary expert has pointed out that wlllle Americans of officer rank have larger commands than Canadian officers of sllrlllar razlk Amerlcans of non-commissioned rank do not have as great respon- sibilities as Canadians of similar rank. For instance. a Catladla/n corp. oral would have bllltles slmlla-r to chose of an American staff sergeant, Gen. Hoffmtelster’; headquar- eorrectlon of ocular de- feels.‘ 53 Grafton Street 6-23-21. _‘d noonnonnunuuunuuonnnnuant, ~ FERTIFIJQIZERS GRAIN TllllllllPS POTATOES 3-15-6 3-15-6 B 5-10-10 M WE CAN SUPPLY ANY OF THE ABOVE WHILE EXISTING STOCKS LAST THE ISLAND FERTILIZER COMPANY LIMITED oust-a uslslu paramount-Jubilant 6-22-3l IN AN O IAIBINGTQN - _-. STREEITIDGRAVEYARD ' - _ rrvr: rawwacasr. a Here are the d-eajflong dead, \ » DQMINIQN _ llorrelland llompan In sunken old grayes. and vaults, Under 01g’ stones. Here ls their iineiishéeihiiiiir 31:41 swords‘ \ And hwdhnu ‘ '- .1: the rus-t. “"- i - ,= n- F- - i ' Chartered Accounts!" * Intern ‘Ines Bllldlnl i Chrlctulowl now AVAILABLE AT "M w Yllllll Local. ulallurs Unheedlng. they llc unneeded, row 41.1: w. usrunzso Ayold Palolblc Disappointment In The Winter “DWI IOW, Utterly stlll, who were restless; Nel-velese, who qulvered with ltte. Qlllfilh” Greet Georl Efifilsrram sonar-roll; By Accepting Deliveries During The Summer Months. Professions-l Gard McLeod 8 Bentley I. l. BENTLEY. K. I . l. A. BENTLEY. I. 0- larrlaters and AttornvrI-I" law s“ lrhoc Street ‘m. Ileana e 0»- cuuuu saw-HM" II Grafton smot- Charlottetown Phone use H" "I Iansoln w lam-um. 0-b- \L\ ole; llllrllay. Colonel Huxley sleep! here. thmurth n‘ filth ‘knfigectlng Militia! re ea am Decourw, class "Volunteer. who dled of fever. at see. h: his seventeenth year. , We smile at the crooked stones l As we pass tn the street. . With neyer a thought for the duet. And earth and rust and bones- - Inlthe pride of our restless mt. But are we so allve, who are quick? . Are they so done, who are dead’! Are we who go by ln the meet.- gg Broad of our pulses and breath. velv of eyes and feeb- Are we the quick or the dead! Here gleemChrtswp i ' M. ALBAN FARM her Brown and entlm his wtfe. Here lies Elspet. beloved of Nich- 3A.. I-I-I- Capella Bani of Commerce l IIONII I0 LOAN ‘I'll. IOLIOITOI. l cannon WN an. IMIIIIBAII. B- . 101401101! DOMINION STEEL & COAL CORPORATION LIMITED IIALIFAX—BYI)NEY—HAINT JOHN-MONCTON