1 We Guardian ' on Plan Mutant Island Lisa in Don" I ' hlhllshod every week day liurnin; II 165 Prince Street. Charlottetown. P I-2.1.. by on Tllumsoil Company IM- 44 King SI W.. Turiinlo. Montreal office, no iniu-r-iiy Town Hlilg. l-Zditur. Frank Walker General lllansucr lam A liurneli Iembei 't'aiiudi-an Daily yen-npaper Publisheis Aswciaiion Member of The Canadian Fun Member Auuii Bureau of rm-ulsiions Inch office: in sununeixide. sluiiisgue and Allin-Ion Ixiilhnrlud ll st-mini ("Ins Mini by tho Post omen . Dgpill'lIHL'I'Il. Ollaua. Iy Carrier (harlntlrloun. suunm-isiue Il:.lIIJ pen sn- Inu, Elsewhere in P I-'l stititi other Pvminces no its xlJ,titi pei dllllulli -"The strinigcsl mi-niory is weaker than the weakest ink." TSATlIRlIAI;:WAPIIlI.-7, IIISGWT Family Farms The effects of inadequate prices for farm products are many and Varied. Perliaps one of the more serious from a long range point of view is thc tlccline in so-called .”fam- lly farms" Ill favour of larger units which. reportedly, can be operated more economically. This situation has not tlcxclopetl to any great ex- tent in this province as yet; but it does exist and in all probability will become more evident as time goes on, unless planned measures are lakcn to tlcnl with it. In othei' parts of Canada it is causing much con- cern on the part of sociologists and others who see in it a threat to one of the basic props of our national ciilture. The matter has conic up in the Commons from time to time, but up to the present it does not seem. to have received anything but per- 'ff',Inctory attention and consider- stion. Individual members of all par- tiles have ”depIorcd" the situation dnd that's about all. The Govern- ment, apparently, feels that little gem be done to stop the trend. The same problem exists in the United States where, according to a Congressional Committee, m o r e than 600,000 family farms have dis- appeared since 1950. There, how- ever, steps are being taken to do something about it before it is too late. The committee which made an on the spot investigation in several farm belt states calls the family farm "the backbone of agriculture and of free enterprise in general" and warns that if it should disappear completely from the scene th e strength of the nation's economy would be very seriously undermined. One of the recommendations of the committee is that. federa govern- ment subsidies, when nec ssary, be granted to family farms for all pro- ducts, . whether they be considered "basic" or not. so as to guarantee returns adequate to meet costs of production and fair margin of prof- it. according to a formula to be worked out. This may or may not be the an- swer to the problem; and there is no assurance. in any event. that it will be acted upon. although it is ex- cellent election material. But at least It represents an attempted solution which, surely, is much better than endless talk with nothing to show for It. A Shibboleth Perhaps the two words used most often by present-day economists are ”sut'pIlts" and ”sliortage". Speaking generally, it might be said that about onc-third of the world's pop- ulation live under a more or less "surplus" economy, with respect to basic food stuffs. while the other two-thirds are forced to live under perpetual shortages. Canadians and Americans know nothing at all about shortages and are far too familiar with surpluses. It might not be an exaggeration to suggest that about half of the words spoken so far this session in the Canadian House of Commons have been connected, dir- ectly or indirectly, with overabun- dance of food. The same might be said of the United States Congress. Legislatures in some other parts of the world, representing. or at least speaking for, more than three times e number of people in the United States and Canada combined, are Ionstantly concerned about short- , and indeed actual starvation in many instances. Obviously, this means that the ucl1 publicized surpluses of the Un- ed States and Canada are sur- ses in only I regional sense. If y were put to work, instead of Illowed to rot in warehouses it is estimated that a billion dollars rth of food actually mt In the Un- States annually) the word "sur- lus" would practically disappear the vocabulary of Americans Canadians and the word "short- " would soon have much less ter- oliiewhen than It has It the appear to assume that surpluses are inevitable to the economy of North America. Mr. James G. Patton, President of the National Farmers Union, an American organization with a mem- bership of 1i(l(),tJ(i0 farm families, is one agricultural spokesman who is deeply disturbed about all this and does not hesitate to say so. In his ad- dress at this year's annual meeting of his union he had this to say: "The phrase ”burdi-nsome surpluses" has become one of the greatest Shibbo- leths of our time. There most cer- tainly is a surplus of empty bellies and there certainly is a scarcity of imaginative programs to bring those empty bellies and the so-called sur- plus food together”. Mr. Patton went on to say that his union has repeat- edly siiggestcd a world food bank. an international cominoility clear- ing house. and other progranis that might help to fccd hungry people. but so far no attention north men- tioning has been paid to any of them. The solution may not he as easy as Mr. Patton appears to believe. But even if it were to curl in failure. the establishment of some such agency as he suggests --apart al- together from other existing organ- izations under the aegis of the UN. which are mainly occupied with techniques for encouraging produc- tion in underdeveloped countries, a most worthy undertaking in its own right-would at least show imagin- alive thinking and good intentions and. pcrhaps, by trial and error lead to somctliing better. In any event. Isn't it slightly bad form to talk so long and repetitively about food sur- ' pluses when two out of every three persons in the world haven't enough food on hand for one small meal. and to whom a one-day supply would be a veritable luxury? EDITORIAL NOTES To whom it may concern: an ex- pert in the business reports that in a 200 lb. hog there are 110 lbs. of edible meat. 0 O 0 School officials in a Florida town report that pupils are leaning more and more to spinach as their choice of vegetables for school lunches. No doubt, that is because dietitians are saying that spinach is not nearly as important to health as it was once thought to be. I I O The Ford Motor Company has set up another memorial to the late Henry Ford and his son Edsel. It is to be an "atoms for peace" award and open to anyone in the world. A medal and M3000 will be given win- ners each year on the basis of their contributions to the peaceful use of the atom. I C I In reference to President Eisen- howct”s request for more Canadian and Mexicali aid to Asiatic countries, a Mexican spokesman has said that his country takes the view that "moral" help is just as important as the "material" kind. It costs less money, anyway. Soviet political .prisoners who owe their bad fortune to the late llrcinicr Stalin must be feeling hope- ful these days. what with all the hurl talk thatls going on in Party circles about the former dictator. At Icast onc of them. an old soldier who commanded the revolutionary Rcrl Arnv I'I. I917 Iris been rcIc'"'- cti. l-Iaving fallen from grace in 1937i he uus sent to a Silicrian prison as "an enemy of the people". . . . Nationalist China's appeal to the West for ”no truck nor trade” with the Communists is likely t.o receive a little cooler reception in the future than it has in the past, once a state- ment made by United States Under- Secretary of State Herbert Hoover, Jr. has been studied in Western cap- itals. Mr. Hoover told a Congres- sional Committee that "the Chinese Nationalists are shipping to the Chinese Communists quite a number of millions of dollars' worth of goods every year". I O I It is an odd thing that. although fishing is big business in the United States, there is no federal depart- ment of fisheries, the matter com- lng under the jurisdiction of the Secretary of the Interior who has cabinet responsibility for It large number of enterprises. A move is now on foot, supported by New Eng- land Senators and Representatives, to correct the omission. The legis- lators are asking the President to snnolnt a special Assistant Secretary of the Interior who would work full limo in the intoruts dths flshsrlos. '-s...... I E7oed'z: - TAKE THE NEW TRAIL Small. now, and faded the haunts where the giants Wandered It will. Do not break your heart for the home of your childhood Or I college hill. Tske the new trail, though the old are gleaming - In memory-falr. Only surprise could have opened those vistas And gilded the air. I How the red-bird darted! But red. 1 unexpected, Is no longer there. -Margery lllansficld. in the New York Herald Tribune. CC.C:......:..CC.. OUR YESTERDAYS From The Guardian Flies TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (April 6 1931i The car ferry made fivc round trips yesterday. The Straits are gradually clearing of Ice thus fac- . Ilitating transportation. The ferry made freight trips throughout the night In an endevour to relieve the traffic tie-up st Borden and Tor- mentine. Work on the northern annex of the City building was resumed to- day. The brlcklaying work has com- LOOK WHAT'S COOKlN' FOR THE visiioiis OF '56! IA Newfoundland Oulposl By Gerald Freeman . Canadian Press Staff Writer F060, Nfld. (CPI----The llIllll'l'- ' In the spring and fall Fogo's time existence of happy Fogo folk I husky young men work in limbor has changed in no real nay since llic-first selilcrs came here to fish 300 years ago. Fogo dreams under the guard of I I a great granite mound called Brimstone head, and craggy, en- circling hills. Salt ice-scum slith- ers with the tide under the bridge that divides the town and joins Fngu head with the I00-square miles of Fogo island, off the north- east shoulder of Newfoundland. Eastward from the bridge fish- ing boats are drawn above the tideline at the harbor's edge. Above them on the rocky shore perch fish stages and square little houses. HARNESS BELLS The glazed streets of Fogo town echo merrily in the early morning to the clash of bells on the collars oi wiry litte Newfoundland ponies being driven to the woodlots. - Thcy return at noon or in the evening, the staked sled piled high with firewood, horse and wood- cutter plodding along together as though in conversation. A morning's work can fill I slcigh with the scrubby fir that grows near the town. But stands of spruce are eight to 10 miles away across the barren face of the island. It means a full day's work , for the men uf Fogo to chop their wood and make the return trip." menced and if weather conditions j continue favorable will he proceed- ed with steadily. Potato prices have advanced slightly over those of last wcek and demand is keen. Bad roads how- ever hamper shipping at local points. Green Mountain table stock is selling at 40 cents scctl stock at 50 cents and Cobbler seed at 40 cents. TEN YEARS AGO tApril ti I946! A private members hill in re- mnve prohibition of the importat- inn manufacture and sale of ol- eomargine yesterday led to a Senate debate which cut across party lines. The majority of speak- ers supported the bill sponsored by Senator W.D.Euler. A strong appeal for uniforinity in time llirnugliout the Province was made in the Legislature last week by Mr. Eugene Cullen Lib- eral Second Kings speaking in thc budget debate. I noticed that the City Council has adopted a resolut- ion that they will go on Daylight Saving Time April 15. As a result of a meeting which was addressed by Mr. J.S. Gal- braith. Ottawa on town planning. the town of Georgctnwn will iii- slitute I town planning project and appoint a town planning cnmmittcc. The softwood poles are stacked , like lccpees to dry in the back yards of I"tlg0'S flat-roofed homes. Fogo people are staunch church- goers. They are members of An- glican, United Church or Roman Catholic congregations. Church 50- cials and card parties provide recreation and occasionally movies are shown. But when there's noth- , ing doing in the church halls the people flock to homes of neighbors for card playing, singing, or old fashioned gahfcsts. DRY Fl-'.STlVl'l'll'2S Tlicir festivities are usually dry. It is impossible to bring in liquor by mail. the only means of winter transport. and brewing is not I pripular pastime. Socially. as in most other ways, Fogo is typical of the 1.300 settle- ments around the Newfoundland coast. it has about 1,400 people and is larger than most outporls, smaller than some. There are about people altogether on I-logo island in Fogo. Tilting. Joe Bull's Arm, Baird Island. Seldom- Conic-liy. Littlc Seldom, Wild Covc. tape (Tovc. Shoal Bay. is- laiid llm-bur, Stag Harbor and Hare llay. Seldoin-Comc-By was an im- portant port of call for vessels out of St. John's going to the Labra- dor lishcry licfnre It dwindled. Now lhcy seldom come by at all. Troubled Year For Edeii By Fraser Wightn-n Rmitrrs Agency. I.0dl(Ifl'II Sir Anthony Eden today com- pletes his first year as prime miii- ister-posslbly the most trouble- iidden your experienced by the head of I British government since the war. V When the 57-year-old Eden took over from Sir Winston Churcliill last April conditions sccmcd fa- vorable for him and his cabinct. The economy was booming and within a month of his accession I general election trebled the Con- servative Commons majority. The Lsbor opposition at its most cn- feebled point in many years was searching for I new leader. Since then practically "very- thing short of defeat has happened to Eden and his ministry. They found themselve. under wilhrring fire from political friends as well 1 Is opponents Issslled both on IIOMCSIIL and foreign policy even 2 labelled "dltherers." Events for which the govern- ment could not be held iesponslble Idded to the prime minister's dif- flculties. Even his stornest critics admitted he had been "unlucky." CALM WATERS NOW? Now Eden's administration seems to be in icslmor waters. His friends bellow his nrestln is llonivnhl ' They argue that Eden's very survival in office refutes the charge that he is incapable of strong leadership. Iic has kept his health and his supporters say he can stand up to an ill-hoiir working day without ill cffcrt. Eden's difficulties began when the government which before the gcncral election hnd introduced I budget giving various reliefs was forced last fall to introduce a sec- ond budget to control I bout of domestic over-spending. This was hiltcrly attacked by the Labor op- position which had accused the Conservatives of vote-cstchln in their earlier financial pronoss s. PARTY BLASTB But more serious trouble came from sn unexpected quarter-the Conservative annual conference. Rank-and-file members made it plain that they expected drastic action from the government on the economic situation Ind ministers were told bluntly thlt Conserva- lives were losing influence with the electorate. Later criticism of meat extended to other Issues In- cluding the "leak" of British sur- plus arms to the Middle Ell! Ind tl.ie.I.ppointmcnl of km Lloyd I harvest codfish and spread it to , and construction comps. In sum- mer they return to help old men dry on the flakes. But nobody hale enough to go IwIy coutliiuos to make fishing I yesr-round Job. Work becomes sure: in other parts of the province in winter. and men with roots going back 20 generations come home to spend I few months the way their Ill- cestors did-with the modoru II- slstsuce of unemploymuit insur- Ince benefits. IIAPPY PEOPLE Arthur Gill. manage of one of the two companies that buy dry salt. fish Ind sell provisions, says "people are happy here. They wouldn't. leIvI It all if they had I chance to make I decent living here." A fisherman may make only 3500. rarely more than 31,000 for his year's work. He can pick up I bit of extra cash during the winter by knitting cod traps out of twine and soaking them in I bark brew Is I preservative. Most company employees get 3900 during the eight months of the year they work, and receive unemployment insursnce during the other months. The main change in wintertime Fogo from I century ago is the mail plane, which usually arrives oftener than its once-s-week sched- ule. It has ended the crushing iso- lation after boats stop running in January because of ice. Besides bringing msll mall includes everything movable - the plane provides a chance for travel and serves as an ambulan in regu- lar or special nights. Fogo has I doctor and I cottage jliospital now. A dentist makes periodic visits. Otherwise Fogo has made few concessions to the 20th century. only a few houses have electricity -for light. but not spplisnc - from their own generators. Plumb- lng. if it exists, is rudimentary. The only telephone at Fogo is at the telegraph office. connected to mainland Newfoundland. There are battery radios, no television. TRADE THROUGH MERCHANTS Cash from outside Jobs. unem- ployment cheques. family allow- ances. and old age pensions have brought 5 few small stores. but most trading is done through the two fish merchants. who still carry families on credit if times are hard. Merchants premises are a msze nf buildings Including fish packing shops. a general store. and ware- houses. The year's supplies come in between August and December, as defence minister he was work- ing on the integration of the light.- ing services. nifluenllal pro-government news- papers-ss well as hostile sources -complained of ' s ' lon. Shortly before Eden's trip to Washington in I y for talks with President Eisenhower there was even , culIilon that he might retire from office. A prompt official denial of this caused criticism of the pl-lme min- lster by "friendly" sources to die down and some of the principal press critics reassured him they had not Intended to emhIrrsss him or his government. Medically . it Speaking v CARDIAC Iurgedlls are con- stsntly soeklng better wsys of per- forming heart operations. For exsmvle. I tesm of British doctors has come up with the ides of stopping the bsIi-t-deliber- Italy-to permit safer and easier surgery. And American doctors hove developed I variety of ingen- ioup procedures which permit op- erations under direct vision inside the heart! I Ilowevs. none has come into regulsr uss. There's I dsnlhr of introducing Ilr into the circulatory system through the bloodless but still bestlng heart. And with some ot- her techniques there is a danger of the heart stopping. One of the most fi t causes of csrdisc arrest is ventricular fibrillation, I disorganized best- iug of the heart. While this can occur during a variety of opera- tions. it is most likely to happen in hypothermia, an artifical low- ering of the body temperature to Ild in surgery. Dr. D.G. Melrose and colleagues at the Post Graduate Medical School of London and Charing Cross Hospital Medical School hope to eliminate this danger by I halting the heartbeat. If their plan is feasible, this daring scheme wiiuld give the: cardiac surgeon an ideal situation I --a heart that remains bloodless. Ollen and quiet throughout the operation. ' I Using potassium citratc to stop I the heartbeat. the British surge-I ans have performed experiments on dogs and with isolated heart preparations from dogs. cats, rabbits and guinea pigs. . For best results in restrariing the heart. they used frcsli potas- sium citratc-free blood. An elec- tric shock was needed to renew the heartbeat in only one instance. While the heart was stopped, the brain and other vital centres were protected by blood circul- ated by I heart lung machine. Even after the heart had been stopped as long as 55 minutes. the doctors report good recoveries. QUESTION AND ANSWER Mr. R.A.: Can 3 man get a trich- omonas Infection? Answer: Yes. very definitely. In fact, it has been reported Quite frequently in men. Usually the in- fection is transmitted from the female. The Age Old Story Bless the Lord 0 my SW1 0 lard my God thou art very great; thou art clothed with honour and majesty. Who coverest thyself with light as with I garment. who stretchest out the heavens like I curtain. . .Who laid the foundllt ions of the earth that it should not be removed for ever. and there is practically nothing that cannot be found on the shIe!lCl(iIIP Constable l-Inward Dur- mm who polices the surrounding islands and the mainland shore from headquarters here. says there's next to nothing In "If WW of actual crime in FoE0- Blllv he grins, "we usually manage I0 have something for the mama- trate." The official makes the round of the islands by boat in summer. g There is little in the way of competitive sports. But Fogo dwel- lers are keen bird hunters. and make hazardous expeditions on foot to hunt seals when ice jams the harbor in sprimz. Fogo island is blamed for ice moving In on Bonavista. Trinity and Conception bays farther south. It the northern icclsnd drifting with the Labrador current misses Fogo it usually passes harmlessly out to sea. But if a corner of the solid ice island snags on Fogo, it ivots about and jams against the ower coast, delaying spring for weeks. T.V. JINGLES BY SIEW Mn(KAY 7 Evan ommou' ' can Have in plooscni bounco It all depends on who Non than talent to annoumo PRICES START AT 3199.50. TV Aerials Installed. Expert Television, home and car radio repairs. RAl)IOS from .. CAR RADIOS .. 322.95 up . 349.95 up Firestone tlllfllt 4". AUTO Lf) Ill! lllfil H.-U '.l'l .'.l i.lv')l.tt .1 . I ofdisrsmrnil NETHERWOOD Tl-IE ROTHESAY SCHOOL FOR GIRLS FOUNDED III - Courses From - PRIMARY GRADES to SENIOR MATRICULATION llluiost Icsdemlc stsndsrds achieved by small classes Ind personal Imstlon. with special emphasis on the developmcnt individual lulesu. IUBSABIES Ind IOIOLAISIIIPS Available i Prospectus suit on Application to Head Mlslresg MISS ESTHER PALIN - Rothsssy, New Brunswick - has 4, Tbs, Notes BY I, THE WAY Bu. blowing is the way city driv- ers let off traffic snarl steam. Tho! looted tin truinpets in the nursery Ind never got over lt.-Vsncouver Herold Japan has produced I In-typo police billy wired to deliver I shock. Obviously It's Just the thing for cases involving Insult Ind bat- tery.-Wludsor stsr Wo noticed s photograph of about 3 score of high school girls in suo-, ther newspaper the other day and half of them were wesrlug glin- es. There is a saying that "Mes don't make passes It girls who wear glasses," but frames are made so attractive nowadays that they may even enhance I girl's Ip- pearance.--Strstford Beacon-Heb sld We are inclined to think (III! by this time most Newfoundlsnders are sick to death of hearing Ibout the problems of the "Carson." She is a prize example of the ldud of mistake that governments can make and a sad symbol of how Ottawa can pour money down the drain through inefficiency Ind mud- die. But ii to she is, this magnif- - icent ferry, this 11 million dollars worth of boat. performing duties . that could be carried out on I much more profitable basis by I thou- sand-ton fr e i g h t e r.-St. John's News British Columbia has recruited 64 teachers in Britain. and wants, 100. Saskatchewan has signed con- tracts with 145 teachers in Britain and Ireland. Several other provinc- es have this year and-in the put years been drawing pedagogic ' re- cruits from overseas. This influx is welcome. but makes Britain's own teacher shortage worse gnu does little to relieve CsnIdI's. The great need is to attract more young Canadiansgto the teaching profess. ion by raising standards Ind im- proving conditions of work.-0t- lawn Citizen Featuring! Bulovs. Csclmsn and I-Mgiue Watches. Also I com- plete stock of smartly designed rings. 24 Hour Engraving Burke's Jewellers 172 QUEEN STREET Of all tho cxhlbluougid on 5",. old fools none is more 'dlsgu - than Wlnm making I-lpectncle oli himself. lingering in the lap of spring.--Winnipeg Tribune, In the old days teachers hill to walk to school. Now they ride. Stud. outs don't mind picking up men. In in their cars It all. That will give you In idea how the prsstlg. of the y: fusion has lncrcsscd lat- ely.-Sherbrooke Record - I The engineer of I train involved, in I fstsi Iccldcut. It I level cross.- lng is often the only person llIVOIV,y' ed who is aware of impending. tragedy. As his train liurtles to its grisly rendezvous he suffers the particular anguish of ham I spect. Itor to I tragedy in wh ch he is involved and which he is powerless to prevent or avoid. Eternal VigIl.. Ince is the price of persons! safety when crossing I railroad track- Bellevllle Intelllgencer. BUILD YOUR Capital In Canada's Iorcmoi! 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