{ The Guardian, Charlottetown, Mon,, June 13, Canadian -Prime Miamster Lester B. Pearson, received an honorary degree principal speaker at the 177th and was autograph «diploma t 4 commencement at Williams College Sunday, He pauses to held by Robin. Nassif, 5 of North PEARSON RECEIVES HONORARY DEGREE - Adaims, Mass, who. graduatett from kindergarden at Williams-; ton, Mass this month f (AP_WIREPHOTO) ~ Freedom Of Press Threatened, ~ Political Sc 4% & By DAVE BAZAY SHERBROOKE (CP: —- Free- dom ‘of the press is threatened with government. intervention because of the existence of “myriad favors, subsidies . and @pecial. privileges,” . the Cana- dian Political Science Associa- tion was told here. Dr. Edwin R. Black, associate ‘professor of political science at: the University of British Colum- ‘bia’ in’ Vancouver, examined . public policy andthe mass me- ented: att! association's annual meeting. Following. presentation ..of _ his, paper. Mr.“Black said in an in- terview h® has had 10 years ex- perience: in’ journalism He. started in 1951 with—Brit- ish United “Press in Montreal and later worked at Queen's | Park in Toronto as_ free-lance | writer for Ontario papers. He gpent two’ years with the Ham- ilton. Spectator and three years with the Vancouver~ Province. | CLAIM EXAMINED “His Analysis of relations be- tween government and newspa.-,, pers, ‘radio and television. dealt with ‘'the reality of the press’ claim to be independent of gov- | ernment aid'’ and ‘‘évidence ot @ growing -disposition _to_.direet , the mass media in the_jnterest of nationalism,” ~ He says: “The normal environmeift for the mass media includes an astonishing congeries of . direct end indirect subsidies of tax privileges, favors “and. special exemptions, of peripheral -gov- | ernment regulation, intervention and controls. “The, most extensive and + Jeast visible of these favors re- - Twins Are Taken From Incubator The. Sia- of -Mr. TORONTO (CP) miese twin daughters and Mra. Leonard McGee of Guelph have been. removed _ from-their incubator at the Hos- pital: for Sick: Children late to ‘the exemptions from. fed- eral. and_ provincial sales taxes These exemptions, sonje which applied only to newspa- pers and others to all print me- dia, included — printing ink—a much larger item in publishing cost than is generally .apprect!- ated-—paper stock for _imprint- ing, photographic chemti- cals, metals and plastics used for engraving... ."" CITES CONTRACTS ge He. cited--goverhment:. printing dyertising contracts , to private firms and said the pracy tice has often been of critical importance to the livelihood: of some weekly newspapers and other businesses : He listed special postal rates | for shipping: newspapers and special: telegraph rates for filing news stories as other forms of subsidy, inchiding also press. ts- cilities established at public ex- pense—in- legislative-—burldings, city and municipal halls and po- lice stations. i “Mass media represeniatives enjoy a, special position with re- Spect ti a number of muncipal: statutes,” he said. ‘In Vancon- ver, for example, the business licence:.for the Vancouver Sun enterprise is $200 while mer- chants running department stores pay up-to $6;500." Some types of aid ara needed ‘Sf the press is to. stand. in proxy for the public,”” but other types of help are more difficult to “justify and “whether any or all of it is really needed is a question for publishers and broadcasters - GROWS WILLY-NILLY “This network of myriad fa- vors, subsidies and special priv- jleges has grown almost nilly and does not reflect an cx Plicit public pohey decision any- where,”’ he said. ae ~“Phis-~nearly —invisible-—envi= ronment is a commentary or the relations of politicians and willy- the press,’ and ‘‘the situation: is | ence Group Told. ideal far any. would-be regulator _of the mass media."’ “Of film and electronic media, he said “On the ‘surface. these chan nels would. seem to be just as capable technically of © perform- ing the watchdog role assare the print media, but .in fact have not done so.'* ¢ : Intervention Shes beyond sne- cidl assistance through subsidy for ‘“‘ihere is an increasing dis- position. © harness. Mass..com. munications tos national policy TCC CS. een eave To Canada © TORONTO ‘CP) — Non-Ca- nadians and atheists are threat- ening Canada’s - future, Women's Council. on Education. : a The booklet ‘calls’ for Bible teaching in. every school grade and blames non-Canadians wanting” to drop struction. i - “While there is a demand by a small, but voeal “group who are mainly non-Canadians — to abolish rej 1gious instruction,: there is a stronger and more general .demand by Canadians to improve the teaching of the Bible.”’ : | more than 2,000 “adventurers. in- | cluding about 150 scientists, who | they | Says aj _ booklet published by the Metro - Christian for’) religious in- ‘1122 Below Zero hecorded At U.S. Antarctic Station By FRANK CAREY WASHINGTON (AP) T he Urfted States is edging closer | to the Soviet Umon in a frendly | low-temperature race in the ice- |eovered Antarctic continent ’ In mid - May. when spring flowers were ‘bursting forth’ in | northern , hemisphere | and s “American explorers in the Ant: | of 112.2 degrees ‘below zero fah- |reinheit at the U.S. station on the continental plateau. » That’s more than two degrees | colder than the lowest tempera- ture previously recorded by | below: at the South Pole about a | year ago. | But it's stl considerably short _of the minus-126 degrees the | U.S.S.R. says it recorded § sev- | tion, also on the continental pla- |teau but several hundred miles away from the American out- post: | The record low in American lexperience is one of the high- \dights of -the current . wintering- | over season for some 250 Amert- cans—Navy: personnel and civil- ian scientists—at five U.S. sta- tions -on the white continent. These men, including 37 scien- tists, are all that: remain | of om the ‘‘summer’’ in Antare- |to about 47 degrees below zero. | HAS MANY NAMES : | It's alla part of an annual | oe under, way since 1957, 1 ealled operation Deep Freeze, or™ US. Program, depending vpon | whethet@you talk to a na’'y man Antarctic Research | or to the National Science Founy: : -: Admission |_arctic recorded \a temperature’ | Americans in the Antarctic—110, eral years ago at its Vostok sta-” Seca time when temperatures | in some areas still range down. ° ionosphere, field. and. of Thev are making new shidies | af the - magnetic meteorologicafyepnditions far the ‘strange land that helps brew , the earth's various pel 2 much Ss Yee—world’s | weather And thev are even keeping tabs om a number of space satellites soaring overhead Several dozen ~scientific pro v7) # over-ice traverses ‘fects, including some hazardous Ross Ine, Were carried on durmg the previous summer Researchets got new informa- tion’ about the’ movement of. the inc ice mass in the world Ralkan’ ‘shell. the largest Moat. . is derived. from a Turkish word meaning mountain: it ia eS studies inthe vast 5 900.000- square + mile continent nearly . twice the size of the Linited States. . a * Literally thousands of men. a doven ships, three dozen aireratt and thousands of tons of equip ment and, supplies aré involved in the effort during a year'Se time ° . concdiHians In a_ reversal of prevailing m the northern hem- now. on isphere. it's winter-time S Antarctica. The six-months long, totally dark winter began early in March, and, for all. pra tical purposes. # won't end until mid- October : Usually the wintering men remain ovt of touch with the outside world—excem hv ra dio — from early: Mareh until mid-October. The winter dark ness and other hazardous con ditions make: air travel to the continent extremely . dangeros and ship travel is impossible in the ice-locked seas | HAVE MANY PROJECTS > ; National Science Foundation, scientists are engaged in about 20 research projects tha! range . from studying Antarctica’s cold over , defying insects to measuring ra y ‘ £ ay Bi . : : ‘ » ; ° /EVER HEAR OF - ~ ws HAW, When you build — think Ss ond ~y.. Or brick borers or termites in the masonry? Of course not.. That's the beauty of brick; you putitupinahome, oran apayte_ ment ora school and up it stays against wind, weather, time OR termites. oe i Another beautiful thing * about brick is... the BEAUTY of brick! 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