CONTENDERS the leadenship of the Liberal press conference. Both said con- party, former Minister for Exter- servatives can't altogether be nal Affairs Lester B. Pearson and former Minister of Health Paul blamed for current economic slowdown but declarations and at- inspire confidence necessary for economic stability. (CP Wire- photo). Immigration Highest - In 1957, Since Year 1913 By JOHN E. BIRD Canadian Press Staff Writer OTTAWA’ (CP) -— Immigration to Canada this year expected to reach between ‘ 280,000 and 285,000 -— greatest since 1913- but likely ‘will fall to between 165,000 and 170,000 in 1958. Officials ln’0ttawa base their forecast of a decline in 1958 on current estimates of the ability of , Canada to absorb immigrants next year. ' - After two years of rapid epan- sion, the Canadian economy he- gan to show a slower rate of growth toward the end of 956, and in the current year modera- tion in demand for goods and ser- , vices brought about a levelling » in economic activity. Most econ- omists do not anticipate any ma- jor strengthening of economic ac- tinity next year. WAIT FOR CABINET The cabinet has not yet consid- ered in detail the immigration pattern for 1958. The number ad- mitted will be determined in the light of economic, labor and so- cial conditions anticipated next year. The current winter unemploy- . ment situation likely will be re- flected in a reduced flow in 1958. The bureau of statistics, esti- mated in November that 208,000‘ Canadians were without jobs and seeking work at Oct. 19, a rise of 14,000 in a month. Forecasts have been made that the unemploy- ment figure may be some 500,000 by next March. If unemployment rises to the t'o1'ecast of 500,000, -the govern- Publish New Prayer By Pope VATICAN CITY (AP) — The Vatican newspaper L’0sservatore Romano Monday published a new prayer written by Pope Pius XII for the Christian family. A Vatican informant said the head of the Roman C ath olic Church wrote the prayer at this time because according to tradi- tion. the forthcoming inonth of January is dedicated to special devotions in honor of the Holy Name of Jesus and of the Christ- ian family. The prayer, over 4,000 words long, is an appeal to Jesus, Mary and Joseph “to restore with your peace and your unchangeable ser- enity our spirits which are trou- bled.” Lieui.-Gov. or I Cm.‘ Sworn In TORONTO lieutenant—governor of Ontario. The 69-year-old former Ontario Supreme Court justice succeeded Hon. Louis Breithaupt, 67, who 18, held the office since Feb. ‘ 1952. Chief Justice J. C. McRuer ad- ministered the oath of office and Provincial Secretary Dunbar pre- sentcd the new lieutenant-gover- nor with the Great Seal of On tarin. The appointment was an- nounced Nov. 29. Ml‘. l\'lacl<a,,v is the 19th Ontario lieutenant-goveriinr since Confed eration and the 31st governor or lieutenant — governor since John. Graves Simcoe officiated at the first Optario Parliament July 8, 1792. Mr. Mackay’s wife attended the ceremony, along with their three sons who were dressed in kilts. A native of Pictou. N.S., at 14 (CP)-Hon. Keiller- Mackay was sworn in Monday as I ment likely will reduce immigra- tion next year. Past experience shows a big decline in immigra- tion following winters of greater- than-usual seasonal unemploy- ment. WOULD REDUCE FLOW The flow also would be cut by dealing a decision on 1958 immi- gration targets until late January or February. The immigration de- partment requires about three months to set machinery in oper- ation for arrival of newcomers. In years of high employment, tentative targets usually are set by the end of December for the following year. Arrival of some 285,000 immi- grants this year will mean that 1957 will be the fifth biggest im- migration year this century. The record was 400,870 in 1913. The three other years in which immigration e x c e e d e d 285,- 000 was 1910 with 286,839, 1911 with 331,288 and 1912 with 375,- 756. . About 50 percent of 1957 arri- vals will be made up of immi- grants from Britain and Hungar- ian refugees. By the end of the year the to- tal for British immigrants is ex- pected to reach 115,000 greatest‘ number since 1913 when 150,000 arrived. Arrivals of Hungarian refugees will be about 33,000. At the end of November 35,797 Hungarian refugees had arrived in Canada, including some 3,000 who. landed in December, 1956. About 300 have found it impos- CLEVELAND, —- Climb i n g ,down a ladder is one of twp men he enlisted as 3 gunner in thelwho perched 85 feet above the artillciy brigade in the militia a Pictou. - t.groui1d in this plane for 1 sible to adapt themselves and have returned to their homeland at Canadian government ex- pense. HIGHLIGHT OF YEAR ‘ _ The flow of British immigrants and Hungarian refugees was the most significant aspect of 1957. It was highlighted by the arrival -of large numbers of professional people, technicians and persons skilled in a variety _.of trades for which there is a sharp demand. Arrivals reached a peak in the spring: and early summer of this year. After July 31, landings of unsponsored immigrants was re- stricted in line with previous pol- icy of preventing immigration adding to the fall and winter un- employment problem. ‘ Persons from-the United King- dom, France, Ireland and the United States still could come provided they qualified but were advised to wait until next year. However, those from other coun- tries could not migrate unless they were sponsored. Monthly immigration figures in 1957 were at their highest level in any year since 1913. Final fig- ures for the first nine months of the year show arrivals from all countries totalled 244,266, com- pared ‘with 110,009 in the corre- sponding period last year. The nine - month total com- pared with 164,857 in 1956, 109,- 946 in 1955 and the post-war high of 194,391 in 1951. Arrivals of im- migrants from Britain rose to l l Editor's Note: Red Clina is one Communist c o u n t r y al- lowed to travel its own Marx- ist road. The man who de- mands China’s independence— and outspokenly at the recent Bolshevik anniversary celebra- tion in Moscow-—is a soft look- ing sholar and philosopher. Here's what he’s like both as a man and symbol. By JOHN RODERICK; HONG KONG (AP)——Mao Tse- tung rules a staggering 640,000,- 000 people. And his Communist ' party—with 12,000,000 members—- is the world’s largest, even big- ger than that of Russia. But Red China’s boss is con- tent to leave world Communist leadership to. Moscow and the man who seems to be his exact opposite, Nikita Khrushchev. They met recently during the celebrations_ in Moscow of the 40th anniversary of the Bolshe- vik Revolution. It was a study in contrasts—Mao, reserved, quiet, the thinker, poet and scholar. Khrushchev, flamboyant, master of the wisecrack, a boisterous drinker. ' N0 HURRY Mao is in no hurry to take the helm in the global Communist movement. -He knows that once China has ind=ustria1ized, the very weight. of his country’s numbers —.it will be a billion by 1980- will give it to him, or his suc- cessors. Meanwhile, he is in the envi- _able position of being commun- lsm’s most revered living figure, without being committed to the harsh decisions that often have _ Valienated Moscow from the rest QUEBEC, -Two contenders for Martin, are seen together at a titudes of administration fail to_ of the Communist world. A few, almost i-mpercepittble creases h-ave crept into his moon- like face, and there is a dash of grey in his receding black hair. But, at 64, Mao gives every evi- dence of being more robust thin he was 12 years ago. And his control over the Red leadership appears more secure than ever. To the rank-and-file, he is more than a leader, he is a symbol. Though he is a disciple of Karl Marx, Mao has refused to apply Marxism in China on the Russian model. He has in- sisted that there are separate roads to communism, ,depeiidin.g on circumstances in each coun- try. . HIT PROMINENCE‘ Mao climbed to prominence in world communism in the 19305 when he defied Moscow’s direc- tives _on how to carry out revolu- tion in China. Instead of basing his strength on the proletariat, or W01‘l<'i11g class. which was small and weak, he turned to the peas- 3-‘“5- Thmllgll rag-r-arian reforms, and an '8_I‘mY Of Peasants, he swept to victory in 1949 over the Chinese Nationalists. There have been recurring re- ports both of his dea-thand of his falling from gnace over the ‘ years’. But when he went to Mos- cow in November, almost none of‘ «the Russian leaders who had been present at the Kremlin seven years _earlier, on his previous vi- sit. were left to greet him. , His particular genius has been to keep the Chinese party to- gether, and its leadership virt- ually intaczt, for the last 22 years. Almost the same men who plot- ted the overthrow of the Kuom-in- tang from their caves in Yenan now share -the rule with him be- hind the high, red walls of the forbidden city in Peiping. Though he is_ white-faced and flabby - looking, Mao has great physical endurance. He is said to have swum the turbulent Yangtze River, not once‘ but 99,031 from 34,734 a year ago. How DID we ETIHER-E ment’s long ladder could be brought. The two men, Richard La Contes 26. of Willoughhy_ and -three times, last year. As a youth Mayfield Heights Country Club golf course when the engine of the 1.800-pound plane stalled. The min-}James Snider, 31'. of Mayfield plane was snagged by trees near lutes Monday until a fire depart-ll-leights, were photographing thevthe 13th green. (AP Wireplioto) ’ ing. torrents, Association. \—-President Sukarno said Wed- he built up his cousititution by taking long hikes, dressing in the lightest clothing in cold weather and swimming the year round. This training probably saved his life when, years later, he had to beat a perilous retreat at the head of a Red Army, from. Ki- angsi province to Shensi,'thous- ands of miles ‘away. Under fire of -the troops of Chiang Kai-shek, he and his men had to ford rag- scale mountains, cross blazing deserts before they reached Yenan. TOO MUCH WORK He often was reduced to eat- ing grass and the bark of trees. In 1945, when this writer first met him, Mac was an invalid in Yenan, the city of 10,000 caves in China’s nonthwest. He was suf- fering from a breakdown brought on by overwork. The Communists ruled roughly one-third of China at that time. A few months later, Mao was back on his feet and in unques- tionable control. The series of di- rectives and speeches which came from his Chinese writing brush in the next few years Broadway, As \ By WILLIAM GLOVER NEW YORK (AP) -— The cur- tain rings down on Broadway 1957, a theatrical year of tri- umphs, tantrums, tiffs and tears. . . . These were higlispbls: Comedy was the dominant show mood, but a stark tragedy by one deceased author swept seasonal prizes, and sober drama_ based on another late writer’s work loomed as the next likely champion. They were, respectiv- ely, Eugene 0’Neill’s Long Day’s Journey Into Night, and Thomas Wo1fe’s Look Homeward, Angel. The musical stage, Broadway’s special pride, stumbled with five fast flops and only four clicks, but My Fair Lady stayed solidly on top. r The prices people paid scalp- ers to see it and other smash hits abetted rising backstage costs in keeping regular boxof- fiice prices going up. TWO MAIN FACTORS At year’s end, 17 of ’57’s Broad- way offerings were still around. The tally of hits and misses pointed two principal ‘factors: The public is still frequently ig- noring. the critics; and the mag- netism of such stars as Helen Hayes, Rosalind Russell, N oel Coward, Lena Home is the great- est lure of all. The plays of such giants as Shakespeare, Ibsen, Chekhov and Shaw were in complete Broad- way blackout, but the writings of other masters like Dylan Thomas, Carson Mccullers, Al- dous Huxley, William Inge, Sean 0’Casey and‘ William Saryoan came by--with varying luck. There was a batch of dramas VICTORIK (CP)-Shipbuilders here expressed disappointment Tuesday with Defence Minister Pearkes’ statement that naval construction for some time will be held to a minimum. They said the government has chosen the wrong time to reduce defence ex- penditures. “Never before in the history of the Western powers has naval su- premacy been so vital to our very existence,” said Harold Husband, chief of Victoria.»'M»achinery Depot and president of the Canadian Shipbuilding and Ship Repairin 6 “The loss’ of command of the seas and the approaches to North America would lay the whole con- tinent open to complete devasta- tion -by nuclear missiles fired from enemy submarines and cer- tainly Canada must fulfill its de- fence commitfinents to the fullest _ extent,” he; said. President Of lndoneda Gives Views JAKARTA, Indonesia (Reuters) nesday that 1957—a year of “no return” for Indonesia —- was a time of decision and that 1958 would be the time to carry out that decision. At a new year’s gathering in, his palace here he told foreign diplomats and Indonesian digni- taries that he believes the West-. ern and Communist blocs can live together in peace, but peaceful coexistence between colonialism and “oppressed people” is impos- sible. " ' Sukarno, looking well and re- laxed, chatted gaily with diplo- mats from Asian, African, West- ern and Communist countries and shook hands with more than 1,000 guests —— including Dutch diplo- mats and businessmen. He is to leave soon for a vacation abroad on medical advice. In Singapore, meanwhile, a spokesman for G a r u d a Indo- nesian Airways said the com- pany would m a ke no more evacuee charter flights of Dutch nationals from Jakarta. Until now Garuda has made almost daily flights. Scholar And Philosopher (Is Red China's‘,Top Man guided the-Reds to victory. hausted by gue ‘ill-a lions of students and thinkers. the party’s central committee. sion on succession—as Liu. Usual, Had An Unusual Year In I957 ings arrived in the autumn. Lena Horne had successes. .reer in Inherit the Wind. ing in -Compulsion. The list also Gene Lockart, 66. with music in its heart. lute to 1958. Show Disappointment Naval Construction To Be Slowed \ this threat. Mr. Husband said. try like C-a-nada should allow her shipyards, which are the very fibre of our deterrent ability ‘on the seas, to go out of business. They are ready now to do a job.” Few Deer Shot taken through St. 1956. It was he who decided that the Nationalists should be left in pos- session of the big cities and ex- attacks against their lines of communica- tion. He advocated. a" policy of leniency to prisoners which.re- sulted in thousands of National- ist desertions. He laid down a policy of co-operation with the in- tellectuals which won over mil- When he dies, who will suc- ceed him? No one, of course, knows. Nominally, Chu Teh, one- -time commander-in-chief of the armies and now a vice-chairman, would step into the job. But the real power probably would re- side in Liu Shao-chi, the long- winded ,onetime labor organizer who is also a vice-chairman of Though Chou En-lai is China’s premier and is, next to Mao him- self, best known to the outside world, Mao’s mantle is unlikely to fall‘ on him. He is not _as pop- ular in the party central commit- tee--which will make the deci- from writers hitherto active only in television, and there was cop- ious transfusion of new director-“ ial blood from the same source. Some of the year’s best offer- Stars who jumped to stage from movies, clubs and networks had varying luck. Pat O'Brien, Gene Raymond, Eartha Kitt, Anne Baxter, Chester Morris and Ann Todd found the boards full of splinters, but Teresa Wright, Wayne Morris, Art Carney and Noel Coward returned beaming after a 25 year acting absence, and Paul Muni wound up th most sensational run of his ca- e The physical hazards of stage life were demonstrated by Tal- lulah Bankhead, who broke her hand during tryout of Eugenia. Dorothy Lamour fractured an an- ' kle playing summer stock. Roddy McDowall wound up with a chest injury after over-strenuous danc- The final curtain descended for many famous stage names. They included Belle Livingstone, 84, darling of the roaring 20s;,Ethe1 Jackson 80, first star of The Merry Widow; much-wed Peggy Hopkins Joyce, .63; Josephine. Hull, 71, and Wynn Murray, 35. included Ezio Pinza, 54; Humphrey Boart, .57; But - Broadway faced forward New Girl- in Town contributed Look at Her to the jukebox hit list; West Side Story supplied Tonight; and The Music Man provided Seventy Six Trombones for a blaring sa- Yarrows Iiimited President H. A.'Wallace said “the present time is the wrong time to be economiz- ing on our defence expenditures.” Under the NATO pact, the Ca- nadian navy has been given the job of anti-submarine work, he said. If t-his'was to be done effi- ciently under the new threat of fast nuclear subs equipped with missiles, the navy must have an-ti-sub craft capable of meeting “hf the Royal Canadian Navy is to have the most efficient and latest equipment available to meet the long-range aspect of some of this fighting equipment, it must be embarked upon as soon as possible, and the navy needs Canadian shipyards in op- eration to supply these craft,” “It is unthinkable that a coun- Fears U. S. Gov’t Fails To Learn Factse0f War.» NEW YORK (AP)—-Dr. I. I. Rabi, distinguished United States physicist, said Tuesday he fears that the facts of m-odern scientific warfare “have just not pene- trated” with the U.S. heads of government. - Otherwise, Rabi said, U.S. lead- ers would ponder these facts “every day as the daily No. 1 problem.” He sa-id former defence secre- tary Charles E. Wilson,,had called the first Soviet earth satellite “a toy or a bauble, an accomplish- ment of no particular utility.” He added: “You can see why I 8m 50 pleased that he (Wilson) is not there anymore." I Rabi, Nobel prize winning pro- fessor of physics at Columbia Uni- versity, is chairman of the presi- dent’s scientific advisory council. He spoke at an annual luncheon of the Columbia alumni federa- tion. Rabi said the Russian satellites proved that they “are capable of making an intercontinental ballis- tic missile.” ., One suggested defence against an .ICBM is to explode a hydro- gen bomb above the atmosphere in an attempt to destroy the on- coming wapon. ' “What fine wireworkswe ‘are going to have with these hydro- gen bombs exploding overhead,” Rabi said. Fires Cost U. 5. Record Amount‘ BOSTON (AP)——Fires cost the United States a record high loss of $1,275,000,000 in property last year and killed approximately 11,300 Americans, the National Fire Protection Association re- ported Wednesday. The a;"pproxima«te figure of 11,300 deaths, while 700 higher than 1956, fell short of a record, the NFPA said. ‘ The NFPA estimated > Canadian fire losses in 1957 at $135,000,000 and said that deaths from fires in Canada would be about 600.- Both American and Canadian fig- ures are based on preliminary year-end estimates by the non- profit, frire-safety organization. In 1956 the United States ‘suf- fered an estimated $1,231,576,000 property loss and 10,600 fiire deaths. ‘Ca-nvad-a’s 1956 property losses were $129,700,000 and fire deaths totalled 601. The 1957 U.S. property damage loss includes $1,050,000,000 loss to buildings and contents and $225,- 000,000 losses inaircnaft, niottor Vehicle. forest and other non- buildiiig ' Little .Rock To. Study Dallas Court Ruling LITTLE ROCK, Ark. (AP)—At- board have been instructed to study the Dallas court 1' uli n g against ' immedialte school inte- gration to see how it affect: this city. - ' However, the board gave no hint about what course of action will be followed after the attorn- eys complete the study which it ordered Tuesday. Last week the U. S. fifth circuit Court of Appeals at New Orleans ruled that Dallas public schools need not integrate at mid-term in February. ~, " The Little Rock school board whether the Dallas ruling “offer: any prospects of temporary or permanent change” in t-he fed- eral court order approving Little Rock's gradual integration ‘pl-an. Expect Call For Hospital. Tender CAMPBELLTON, N.B. (CP) —- Tenders are expected to be called about May 1 for a new wing and renovation of the Soldiers’ Memo- rial Hospital here at a cost of some $1,200,000. The project will require approximately two years. torneys for the Little Rock -school , said it wanted to determine V Get Peace of Mind ST. STEPHEN, N. 13. (CP)- The total number of. game shot in the Ma-ritime provinces and Stephen by United States residents this year was less than half the total pass. ing through this border town in Last year’s total was 2,726; this year’s 1,101. Reasons given for the decrease are that the U.S. hunters were allowed to shoot ‘ O I Through "l‘ith1ng” Want to really change inside? - Win through to a new, dependable peace of mind? People who have adopted tithing— (giving away one-tenth of your income after l:axes)—find they are helping them- selves, as well as their churches. January Reader’s Digest re- ports on a modern miracle based on the ancient practice of re- turning one-tenth to the Lord. It’s making profound changes in shurches and the lives of thou- sands. Get your January Reader’s Wily one deer in Nova ‘Scotia, Digest today: 32 articles of and that more hunters this year tasting interest, condensed to used the Yarmouth» N~S-. to Bar save your time. Harbor, Me., ferry. 4‘ The spokesman said he could give no reason why the airlift; was stopped by the Indonesian, government. ' : A spokesman for British Over-, seas Airways Corporation,*‘which‘ ran special evacuee flights to| Singapore. said “we can‘t get the‘ $3.25 CASH ONLY permission to take any more; trips." 1 Attention Hog Raisers SPECIAL FOR ONE WEEK ONLY JANUARY 2nd to 9th PURINA-CHECK-R-MIX HOG GROWER IN 10 BAG LOTS OR OVER Dillon 8: Spilleft I. Charlottetown, P. E. I. per cwt. PHONE 3626 ited Im _____.__. VANCOUVER (CP) — A PI‘0' posal by Crown Zellerbach _C<_>1‘_P' oration to explore the possibility of building large pulp and 9399’ mills in Newfoundland was an- nounced Wednesday by P. T. Sin- clair, president of Crown Zeller- bach Canada Limited, the comp- any’s Canadian subsidiary- Mr. Sinclair said the proposal has been approved by the New‘ be submitted to the provincial as- sembly for con.tirmat10n- The announcement was to_haV8 been made simultaneously In St- John’s, Nfld., by Premier Joseph R. Smallwood. Crown Zellerlgach contemplates building facilities producing at least 400 tons of newsprint and up to 2,000 tons of wood pulp 8 d3_Y if its studies prove the economic feasibility of undertaking the man- ufacturing operations. M13 Sm’ clair said. . Sufficient goverhment timber- lands in Newfoundland and Lab- rador to support such newsprint and pulp mills would be reserved for «the company during its explor- ations. WOULD MATCH MARKET If the company decides to go ahead, it would develop manufac- turing facilities as rapidly as the markets served by the new mills could absorb their production. The Newfoundland government /would guarantee sufficient timber to sustain the company’s mill de- velopment program. This ar- rangement provides‘ for maximum time-limits by which Crown Zel- lerbach must start various manu- facturing phases or release the timber reserved for such phases to the government. On the newsprint side of the project, Mr. Sinclair said, Crown Zellerbach would complete its ex- plorations and decide on building a mill within two years after the’ Newfoundland Assembly confirms by statute the company’s agree- ment with the government. A mill producing at least 200 tons of newsprint a day would be completed within three years af- ter an affirmative decision. Ex-' pansion .of the mill to at least 400 tons a daywould be envis- aged sometime within the follow- ing seven years. On the pulp side of the project, the company would complete its explorations and decide whether to start construction of a 500-ton- —a-day mill sometime within a 12- year period after enactment of the statute. REGULAR ‘EXPANSION Expansion of... the pulp mill to 1,000 tons a day would be envis- aged sometime within a subse- Friday. 1 an. 3» 1953 P39 12* The G“a"dian Propose To Explore Outlook For Paper Mills In NIId. foundland cabinet and will shortly P quent five -_ year period. This it would‘ be increased to 1,500 to within another. five years and R 2,000 tons within a third five-yea, period. Wood supply for the newsp,-in, and pulp mills would be provide! Crown Zellerbach by 99-year ,5 newable leases- on governmem timberlands in southeastern rador and in the eastern in the eastern and southeastern arts of Newfoundland. The Newfouiiiilandtimber lea“ ; would become effective when th.‘ company decided -to build newsprint mill. and the Labradm. lease when it started construc_ tion of the pulp mill. Both tin, ber leases would be closely 1-,’; lated to the sustained - yield 1-, quirements of Crown Zellerbach’. . mill development program. Mm ._ mum capacity would require ” estimated 1,250,000 cords of wood i a year. The timber leases would pm, vide for payment to the govern. I ment of two dollars a squm. mile in annual ground rental, for stumpage Payments of one day.’ lar per cord of wood cut for pr‘, cessing within the province and two dollars per cord expo;-M‘ without being processed within the province. These stumpagg rates would be adjusted an in accordance with newspi-ht’ price changes. In St. John’s Premier Smali. wood said Wednesday night 1% islation to clear the way for th. proposed development will com. before the legislature which .,. , Jan. 20. He said the plants would i 3 quire about‘ 1,250,000 cords .' ‘ wood annually, more than is -.. by both plants now operating ii Newfoundland — Bowater’s it Corner Brook and the Anglo pany at Grand Falls. The mills would be built on tlu south coast in either P1acenti;,..;, Fortune Bay or Bay d’Espoir. Mr. Smallwood said Crown Za. lerbach would pay his govern- ment $2 for each square mile timber and $1 on each cord wood. Such fees are not eollec .« from tlze two other comp established when Newfoundl was _a Crown colony. The premier said he has tr elledz 120,000 miles in the three years and negotiated - . six companies in an effort to‘ . bring a third mill to the pun- ince. ‘ “I believe the battle is won,“ he said. The late Sir Harry Lauder,f mous Scottish comedian, worked- as a mill-boy and miner in his = youth. DI$NEY’$ um nisim .srunIos , rv ISENSATIONI NEWEST I Brought to you by SEVEN-IIP Reads 5 Substit Newspaper Everybody Newspapers No other advertising medium reaches so many people so often. And remember . . your newspaper reaches the people who are most likely to be YOUR customers. "There Is No Ute for Advertising" ' i