. of Jerseys. B. H. Bull dz Son. Bramp- .... mi ‘Z1. 1921i a _, v I ‘ THE CPIARLOTTETOWN Farming and Agriculture .'.-: n _ ... ._ ___ Jersey Cattle - p Arrive Nappan The la-rliflt shipment of imported Jet-gay cattle to ever leach the Mari- time Provinces. has lust arrived at. m, nxpefimental "Farm, Nappan, N. 5., according to dos. Bremner, East- srn Jersey This lot con- sists of’ five yearling heifers recent-- ty- brought over from "the Island of Jersey by the wall-known importers ion. Ont. - Some months ago it was decided by those in authority to confine moi‘. of the Experimental Farms to not more than two breeds of cattle, and to establish along with the Guernsey herd at Nappan, a herd of Jerseys, and to eliminate the grades of other breeds formerly kept. This is the first time that the Jer- geys have been represented on an mperlmental Farm in the Maritime Provinces. Jersey breeders on this account and because of the very rs- pld advance of the Jersey breed in the East. are very much elated over the high class stock that has been selected. for Nappan. These five heifers are all sired by a famousbull known as "Palatlnos Observer." who is now on his way across the Atlantic to his new home as Junior Herd sire at the great Oak- land's Jersey Farms, Ann Harbor, Michigan. This bull was select/ed by the Oaklands‘ as the best sire avail- able on the Island of Jersey last year. The heifers ‘hemselves represent the choicest of Jersey Blood and will be a great asset in the building up‘ ci even better Jersey herds in the Maritlmes. ' Under the will of a wealthy manu- facturer of Sydney. N. S. W., who died recently, $400,000 was left for the er- cctloh of horse troughs. on each of which a to be inscribed the names of of the donor and his wife. ’ American combined reaping and thrashing machines, which were re- ccntly introduced into Germany, and were the first of that type of machine ever seen there, have 101mg great favor in that country. tracked Guru ' i And i iiorllmcal Carlocd in today-callus!’ a¢_ lowest prim. i i ““I.?$IP — ‘ffiii?’ ‘"112; '.s..=s:""".;" \ Bran Shorts. ‘Oil Cake Meal. Sugar Beet Meal, Cracked Grain, Rolled Oats, Oatmeal. baled Hay and Straw, Feed Oaigiwhiie and Black). Fclfl Buckwheat, reed wheel. PM Barley, Poultry Supplies of all kinds, wholesale and retail. Our prices are the lowest. Cartel" & co. Limited a Willi; LIVE . HOGS i We are taking live hogs idaily; -._excepiin Saturday, paying-highs. est market prices. 1*’ l Davis t? raser "stair-ION i sNRQIMENIY, I step ls to thoroughly scrub the sow ,5. stated preventive measure. a much maid t , Q . 3* ‘Rh’? Save More , Little Pigs In making any additions to farm equipment the average farmer-usual- ly looks at the initial expense. and overlooks the savings which might Nowhere is this fact more noticeable than in relation" to the proper facil- ities for raising hogs on the farm. On most P. E. Island farms a small Willy 101' a warm and sanitary far- rowing pen, or house, would be a prcfitablb investment. The losses experienced with pigs at farrowing time, or before weaning ageyare appalling when we take the province as a whole. This condition could be remedied to a large extent if each farmerwould build a suitable place in which the sow could farrow Jwlthout the pigs being subjected to extremes '0! temperature, and to un- sanitary surroundings. "Such a pen might be pert of an ordinary plggery, or a detached build- ing. The latter is safer from the standpoint of fire and cleanliness. The pen should be approximately 14 ft. square. The wall should be board- ed, papered- and shinglcd. Inside sheathing "would also add to the warmth of the pen. All openings such as door and windows should face the south. In order to avoid dampness and unsanitary conditions the floor should be made of wood. If you wish to avoid crippling nevei‘ use concrete under hogs. In times of extreme cold a small stove could be used to prevent serious losses. The most important features of such a detached building ls that it lends itself to a suitable system for W0rn1. control. It is stated that the first four or five wee‘ is the dankr period relative to sucker pigs, insofar as internal parasites’ are concerned. I.n other words. if a sucker pig es- capes worm infestations up to wean- ingage, he is well on the road to rapid and profitable dcvel- pment. With suitable surroundings the breeder can do a. great deal to pre- vent the little pig from picking up WOYIIIRCQKS while with the sow. If the farrowing pen has been used be- fore byhogs it should be thoroughly cleaned. Then the “floors and walls should be scrubbed with a solution made with. one pound of househo“ lye in thirty gallons of boiling, or hot water. This will go a long way to kill the finlllions of worm eggs which may be scattered throughout the pcn. The pen should then be bcddcdwith clean straw. The next with warm water and soap’ Before she is placed lnthe pen. This will prevent her from carrying worm eggs into the» farrowing pen. As a tur- ther precaution the sow might be treated’ for worm infestations when she iscarrying the litter. One of the most simple u" atments, although not necessarily the most efficient, is to mix B ounces of creolin in 86"ga1- lens of water and give the sow all her drinking water fromthls solu- tion as long. as it lasts. This treat- ment might be used advantageously for all pigs. ‘Treatment alone is of little use if preventive measures are nbt also practised, With the‘ present avelr- age conditions surrounding the sow at farrowing time, there is averyiop- poittunity for the'pigs to become in- fested with worms. By building such a pen as suggested above, by follow- ing suggestions relative to tempera- ture control. larger percentage jof _the litter pile will be raised to weaning age. Write the Proylnciai Dept of Agri- culture for Dr. Stevenson's bulletin on Internal Parasites in Swine. son's Monrroaill: - An old negro had just paid his last instalment ed é small farm. when the land-agent vino Iolitii “Well Uncle _._ioe.,!'i_1 make yours“ p deed to the farm now. 811100 "F h" been paid for." ~ . "Boss," the old nosro replied. "l! 15 small de same to you. Alfd will“: ycu gib ins'a mortaasfl Vi d! P1l°°7 ' The agent, somewhat surprised. said: ‘ - . ~- "Unele Joe. Y0“, 4°“ 5"“ "° know the difference between a mort- Ille and a deed.” "Well, inebbo not." said Joe remin- “cmuy. ab“; 51s once had a small farm. an’ a deed. an’ do if!“ h“ qngftlggge and do bill! ‘I07. d! 157m- ._- t . "m, milling-rho Ontario ref; u‘ unvBI-snahIEIIvN3iW-WQw" w‘ : ts r the-Hovihw on)?“ reoidn o myfbrhtdf- use" mm. in: hf ', 7 ‘ '_ ' ' j .~. on .~siileers'¢1t==JPhm"~ i’ f» ,Z,o,'$.....a.sh.-ai= S1155!" .5 d»: MU ‘l! be made by having such equipment. ' and by adopting the l“ ‘in an accuracy clone-two hundred Wfi: N! f‘ .. i as a“0‘.~.ii‘ ralll!tlTI4-""§" INCREASING EXPORTS ' CANADIAN ANIMALS i Canadian ranch-bred fur-bearing animals found their way during the past year to ten foreign countries for use as breeding stock on fur ranches according to a tabulation of shipments of fur-bearers from Can- ada for export by the Canadian Na- tional Express. While black and sil- ver foxes were most numerous in the list there were also muskrats. rac- coons and mink handled. Crates of animals were entrusted to the Can- adian National Express foryclelivery to "England, Germany. Scotland. France, Sweden, Finland , Holland, Switzerland, Belgium and Czechs Slovakia.’ Shipments originated from points in Prince Edward Island. Ontario, Manitoba, Quebec and Al- berta. , , Of" approximately" one thousand fur-bearing animals so forwarded more than eight hundred were ranch- bred black and silver foxes. The export business in fur-bearers in 19- 2s wasllinost double that of 1927. ' HOW LONG IS AN INCH There is a debate among engineers as to the reliability of the recognized units of weight and measure. It is pointed out that the complete set of Wtiihing and measuring units in this country are wonderfully accurate as shopkeepers’ standards, and would go as manufacturing or industrial standards also if the conditions were notlnore rigid and the requirements for much greater accuracy. These local standards are maln- tained by periodical comparison with "plaster standards" kept in sacred eurroundlnss by the State. The bushel. measure (American) ls 2150.42 cubic inches, but in practice the "tol- erance." or allowance for this meas- ure ln measuring goods for which it was designed, ranges from 25 to ‘l5 cubic inches either way. This 15 a large percentage, and so it would not matter whether the “master bushel measure" at Washington were 2145 or 2155 cubic inches. ' The measures used in industry, however, must be truer to much fin- er tolerances than this, for in inter- changeable manufacture englxlgzrg require errors less than l—l0,000th, and sometimes not more than 1-40,- 000th, of an inch. This brings up on: question, what is an inch? Itmay mean 1-36th of a bar No. so and so. desposlted ln the National Physical Laboratory at liondon. or 1-38tl1 of a bar No. in the Bureau of Standards. Wash- ington, or 146th of a very good yard bar belonging to the Pratt. and Whit- My Co. at Hitrtford, Conn., or it may be 0.0144 of the international metre bai- at Paris, cl- causes or the metre bar at Washington or 2.539998 of the standard centimetre length of the Western’ Electric Company and so on. _ “ Aforetime different people around thecountry knew pretty well what an inch was. and if it was accurate to a thousandth or so, everything was all right. .Now with the new orderof things we are not so sure of our inchesx These‘ metal bars shrink “and contract both with age d temperature, V-and although . two metals, invar, and elinvar, have been found with remarkable stable proper- ties. it has come ‘to pass_that none of the aforenamed stations can be positive that their inch is accurate. Scientists have come to the rescue. They have fourid that the "wave length ofthe red ray of Cadmium lght is the natural, practically in- variable standard. It is stable and con- stant and can be measured to with- and fifty bllliontbs of an inch!’ Mr. Luther n. urlinghaine has gilen a precision value of the inch as s9.- 450 and 1-3 agave léhgtils of the red NEWSY PFARM“ ‘NOTES By Agricola come into being, with "the. inch of 40.000 wave lengths as the unit. FARMING IN IRELAND The condition of the farmer throughout the world today, is like that of Gilbert's policenian—"nct a ha yone." The United States socks farm relief; the Dane, despite his wonderfully cc-cordlnated produc- tlon, complains that tile last two years have been a difficult economic period, and the BritLsh farmer is in a chronic state of impacunlosity. Now Ireland adds its plalnt. The follow- ing ls from the Belfast Weckly Tele- graphs account of the general meet- ing in Cork of the Munsf-cr-Leinster Bank: ' _ " "Mr. _D. O'Connor also extended thanks to the directors and staff. There was a very glowing account be- fore them as to how the country was getting on. He was sorry to say he could not agree with all this. From great personal experience of the country, he could say that about 30 per cent. of the people had malls money, and they clung to it tenac- lously; 20 per cent more were living by hard work and industry; but 50 per cent were not able to pay their way. Their public institutions, ll not bankrupt, were not able to finance themselves. The farmers were worst of all. The cost of living far exceeded the Ptlces they were receiving. Every- thing they brought was 100 per cent. more than pro-war prices, but they got only 5 to 10 per cent. more for their produce." oun EXPORTS It issvlth considerable interest that I read that our exports to the United States for the year 1928 totalled, $2.- 025,061, as against $2,454,792 for 1927. Those exports which had decreases ‘ both in quantity and value, compris- cd canned lobsters, live silver foxes. seed and table stock potatoes, and grass seed. Increases were noted in live poultry, fresh- frozen smelts, salt cod, beef hides and turnips. Potatoes, which composed over one-half of the total value of the exports, brought in a. return of rather more than $1,300,- 000. These returns will show n_ furth- cr reduction, if the tariff changes urged by the farmers of the United States ccme into effect: in the mean- tdme. it will be well to look for home markets. Nova Scotia imports park productions in very large quantities and I am informed that this pro- vince docs the scnlc but to a much smaller extent. It appears also that the consumption of eggs on the mainland is sufficient to tempt the producers in British Columbia to ship eggs to the East. Here are two items which we might well attend to, and others may readily be found. PRODUCING LOW COUNT MILK ‘VITH THE MILKING JIACHINE (Experimental Farms Note) A number of farlris producing cer- tificated milk have used the milk- ing machine for some years with splendid success. On the other hand. machine-drawn milk from the aver- age farm frequently contains enor- molls__nulnbers of bacteria. Careful investigation has shown this to be largely the result of improper treat- ment of the rubber Durtsl; Where these are not thoroughly w hcd and sterilized, lurking bacteria ind food and moisture inside the tubes to per- mit rapid growth, and‘ the milk drawn through at the next milking becomes seriously contaminated. In the belief that methods recom- mended for cleaning and steril- izing, are often too time-consuming and laborious, the Division of Bacter- iology, Central Experimental Farm. Ottawa, has studied the problem o! developing simpler. yet equally ef- fe tive mbthods. Tests has shown the suction method.- of washing to be‘ ray. Add since we cannot get away from the bar as a rneasurem ‘ it may be that the ideal bar will yet nloicu Loni won lAl-Y, TO UTUUY filial ACHIRQ IN "H115 ' * f '..,incii {F1 .t’*w r f“'""_i ~ u. QIND woun warez: v-iAvt cue-r As aooo quicker, simpler and yet more thin‘- oughly than the old brush method. 'BRIFIGING“UP-FA1‘HER' i; " _ KNQMV ‘THE c. ma; reqar leaf rr- ' is! l |. ‘HunfelfRiver Shipping Club The annual meeting of the Hunter River Live Stock Shipping Club was held in New Glasgow Hall on Mon- day afternoon, Feb. 20th. There was a. large attendance of members and interested farmers present, show- ing that the live stock producers in this section of the province are awake to the fact that the market- ing end of the game is of vital con- cern to the progress and financial success of the hog industry. The President, Mr. Donald An- drews, occupied the chair, and after stating briefly the purpose of the meeting and emphasizing. its import- ance. called upon Mr. Adam Brown, Secretary, to read the minutes of the last annual meeting. The minutes were read and on motion, adopted, after which the financial statement, covering the year's business was pre- sented. This statement showed that over twenty-one thousand dollars ($21,000.00) worth of business had been transacted, and was considered a very creditable showing. The club handled lambs" cc-opsratively during 192i! for the first time, and the sat-v lsfactory returns received amure an increased movemeli in this line dur- ing the coming season. The question of universal grading of hogs was discussed and it was the unanimous opinion that\thls measure should be put into operation at the earliest pomlble moment. A resolu- tion to put this effect‘ was passed. A new Board of Directors was ap- pointed as followsz-Erneslallouston. Cornelius Doucetta, Russell Nichol- son, Donald Andrews, Adam Brown, Edison Rollings, Watson Sample, John Nicholson, Ernest Bulman and James E. Moffatt. Immediately at the close of the‘ regular meeting the new Board of Directors convened and selected the following executive:- President, Ernest Houston. Vice-Pres, Cornelius Doucette. Secretary, Russell Nicholson. Mr. Adam Brown the efficient sec- retary for the past five years, to whom untirlng efforts a great part cf the success of the club is due, re- tired, and may feel assured that his faithful efforts in behalf of this splendid marketing organization. are greatly appreciated by his fellow farmers. It is unanimously admit- ted that Mr. Brown was one of the bcst Shipping Club Secretaries in the Province. At the conclusion of the business portion of the meeting, Mr. J. A. Gil- lis of the Dominion Live Stock Branch, {poke briefly on club activ- ities and the hog industry in general in the province. His remarks were very much appreciated, and he was extended a hearty vote of thanks. ___..__,._______._. A real red variety of Northern Spy apple is being boosted. “There seems to be no doubt," says Mr. W. T. Ma- coun, "but that it is desirable to plant the red sports of Northern Spy in preference to the ordinary variety." There is also an attactive red Grav- enstein originating with Mr. A. Sr Banks, Waterville. N. s. " Us‘ Mineral’: Llnlmcnt for (he Flu. while chemical methods of steriliz- ing the rubber parts have compared very favorably with hot water and steam treatments. During the past summer, the relative values of chem- lcal and hot water treatments for sterilizing were compared in s. severe tat conducted under practical con- ditoln. Over a six week period (July to September) the average bacterial counts obtained by the machines and by careful handimilking werez- Hot water treated machine, 4,484 per c. 0.; Chemically treated machine, 4,200 per c. 0.: Hand milking, 4:270 per c. c. From these figures it is‘ evident that simple methods, were properly followed, enable the average farmer to produce of careful hand milkinfl- Full details of this experiment and of many others conducted in bac- teriological form. and should prove to bc of interest to eyery mif PK‘- ducer. Foes of Poultry 0f all wild animals that kill poul- try, the weasel is by far the most des- tructive. It will kill dozens of hens or young chickens in a single night. They are ~great rovers. and, almost without fear of man, and being small, slender animals, they readily go in and out of rat holes or other very small openings. and once they get in among your chickens you are sure to find many of them killed. Weaselsrusunily hunt at night, but at times they are ‘abroad in the day- light, and being fearless of man, they will go boldly into places where no other small predatory animal would venture. So every poultry T111551’ should have a few traps set at all times to insure protection from this bloodthitrfy little brute. WQHEC; are not given to climbing if they can crawl in under or throuBh. and they usually get in through. 0P- enings near the gound. Therefore, the best places to have traps set is in behind boards leaned up against the sides of coop. and in out-of-the-way places. Chickens can't get into traps set in such places, and this makes a surefire, weasel set. No covering is necessary over the trap, as they are not suspicious or afraid. A box trap set inside the fence, with a hole cut through the netting and the trap set up closely to the hole and staked there will take a weasel alive. as well as mink or other small: chicken-eating animals except the= fox, if one comes and tries t0 Bet in. Any metal trap such as "advertised in mail order catalogsls fine. It should have a trigger that springs it by the= animal's stepping on the PM. 811d it should be set to spring easily, as weasels are light, and a trap that springs hard won't catch them. Minksl opossums, skunks and fox- es also kill poultry, and it is a mighty good plan to look over the farms. woodlots and forests close by for dens in the ground, and set Cooper traps inside the dens in the early spring and summer, as the animf-S often make their homes close to farm buildings, and may, therefore. kill a lot of your choice poultry before you are aware that they We flflilmd- Foxes may come for a mile or so and carry of! grown hens in broad daylight. They usually come in the early morning hours, and they are especially bad along June, when they have cubs to feed. Look over your back pastures for their dens. Chick- en feathers will be found around the entrance. You can either dig them out; or 59f, traps. If you set. traps in the den you may catch one. Then the others will leave, as foxes are easi- ly frightened away. Traps must be carefully set and covered for foxes, to insure catching them. Although the young who we 95y to trap, the old ones are very shy and very sly- Woodchucks also kill young chick- ens at times, and besides they dig dens that harbor’ other and much worse enemies of the P0111“? "31s’ Bl‘ Wessels suck the blood. They don't eat any of the meat. skunks eat the head off and leave the rest. Mlnks don't eat much of the flesh, but thgy km o, 1c; cf chickens, ducks etc. in a few minutes, merely suckln! m‘? blood. A little time spent lwklns "P "W" by dgns and setting good traps well down inside of the entrance where farmfilnlmals won't get caught, is time well spent, and may 81W’- W“ many dollars‘ worth 0'! P0111“? 591°” the season is over. BANGHOLM CLUB ROOT RESIS- TANT TURNIP SEED. (Department of’ Agriculture, Char- lotieiown.) , The older settled and more inten-_ sively cultivated sections of any ag- nlltural Province naturally be- comes liable to infection from the various diseases that appear to be increasingly attacking our farm crops. ‘ The Turnip drop, which is one of the most productive and valuable for livestock feeding has probably suffer- ed to a lesser extent than any other of our root, crops, but unfortunately be SplecialyFeatures :-i: Interesting Ubservations‘ " illusion of Dissolution. ' ties. Root" came to this Province has not hero, on rzlany farms, and unis" great care is taken by the Farmers in avoiding the use of manure from animals fed on infected roots and in arranging his turnip growing so as not to plant in the same flcid mm‘: than once in six or seven years, in- fcction and serious is sure to fol- low. This disease usually attacks the young plants between the flrzt and second hoelng and in rnnny ins 1 ,__ .C.._l plants. Even those that escape early destruction usually davc" mal and unsightly pro" s and the disease so attacks and dc’ gs the r003. as to make them praclicallf.‘ useless. for fzccling purpcsco". Even those which izppnl- to be fairly sound wllcll harvested. from infected crops, usually decay rs, y after housing. I: ls indeed fortllzlaic ll” ever, that through the result cf c - pcrimcntal work, a Swede turnip has been developed known as “Bang- holm" Club Root that has prowen to be resistant to this disease. A c1uznti- ty of this seed was distrlbutediby the Department of Agriculture last sca- scnsnd recommended to be sown on ground when Club Root infection ex- isted and ordinary Swedes could not grown. This announcement brought forth the statement from several Farmers in the Province that Bangholm seed had not proven club o] oil in Winter from with their driver who has his grease calendar is going to get lo and greater pleasure from efiect of Summer heat. Winter grease from your for "repairs. within the recent years the fungus mom England's Original Trec Shows signs above the ...... " disease known as “Club Root" has become ‘particularly prevalent and, very destructive in ylany commuzli-l been clearly proven. However, it i.» to)’ To Summer Grease PRACTICALLY all dyivers use a diflerenl grade And all drivers should lake the same piecaution grease? There is a. special grade of “WHIZ” GEAR GREASE for every season, and the example, will not give you good lubrication during l the hot summer months. GREASE has the necessary rich body and character to insure thorough lubrication—-to withstand the Here it is about the end 0/ March-drop in to» morrow and let your dezler clean our that old tial.‘ Don't wait until you have to turn the car in Your dealer sells and recommends “WHIZ" GEAR GREASE. ‘ "One pound of fresh greas; added to four pounds of worn grease means five pounds of old grease.” Pippins Mr. William simpion. mo“ head gardener at Ribston HallJs optimise v . Eblglanrfs original Rlbston Pippin tics about the future of the Orililll" i apple tree at Little Ribston shows tree. ' i signs of dissolution. The tree, which right and that little shoot ti? :2 ml»! has stood in the centre of Rlbston, in time come to bear as ma: Park for tlvo centuriés, was blolvn‘ as the broken tree uid. down in a gale recently. It now leans over the railings which have guarded to two years ago. I have sent shoots it for so many years, snapped oil’ just! all over the country." ‘The roots," he said, "are all pplss The old tee bore .some fine crops up a root resistant" on thei farm. Being l that true Bangholin would live M, its reputation, our Departmentcad- Just how ‘ the dL-ecase cf "Club vizcd its use and promised to send llli Inspector to any fields sown with this l‘ * d that developed any trace of dis- ‘ c and aiiZ-oatgh this time Bung- lllclm seed "1" i I on dozens of farms in the l‘ we have never yet in any l " ceived a com- plain: that Cl; g, had developed ‘in ed furnlsllc. from source. On like other hcnd, some of the most ‘prominent farmers and stock owners ‘in the Province, have assured us that on careful experiment the Bangholrn d produced a sound. abundant "Ms l? a literally riddled with Club ROQ i disuse. , ' On one field in Falconwood Farm that had become ‘so badly infected that it was impossible to profitably ‘ccleiinuc to grow ordinary Swede tur- nips, on czzccllant crop of Bangholm .(.Iu'.l Root rcsistarlt turnips were grown in 1323, and while we do not it" mmend this variety cn the clean 12nd, we do believe that Eangholm ,cnly shozzld be planted where Club Root disarm: has made its appear- ‘ancc as it is very liable to develops jrapldly’ undcr favorable circum- stances and the entire crop may D6,. qpractically or almost wholly destroy-- ‘es with little warning. at the requesL. of a number of farmers who success» ‘fully grew this seed last year, the - " Department has ordered a limited. supply over that required for Fain» conwoozl Farm which will be avail- able while it lasts. ,\ persuaded however, by expectancy a what they use in summer. changed according to the ger life, more satisfaction his car. Thin greases, for But “WHIZ" GEAR $4‘: lfilme is moat " i to supply . . f" lrriruioriu. eliminated dss - a imriini . '8 hllheat avers I lled a most .. transmission and . differen- -By George McManus e ‘Willi i \.ET ME “ll. t BUT~ DON'T INTER PERI. WiTH YOUR b