i i J - -_- v. -. ..,........ ...».._......-_..,__,_,,,,-,_,M._., c. .-.._»s._._~._..__ “Vilma __ .1- rscrrwetyn .‘ u‘ run maatotrrarowu , evaporator v J FEBRUARY 29, 1936 l GARDEN ERS_ _~ if?’ . Y WAnnuals w. . /_._’,“ ‘Queen beginners should get ac- . Quainted with the long list of an- t". Can Guild—he assured the ‘ that he was not l“ tha Freedom of Tfxfiual flowers. Ofthe many types of ""_' flowering and foliage plants which " "can be used to improve n land- “_““lvcape, the annuals are easiest to " ‘grow ,most economical to buy, and ‘bring the quickest results. Where only a few flowers are “‘ ‘ wanted, a careful selection should be made so as to leave a long sea- son of bloom. Here are a few rules to follow. Apply them to the sub- ‘ Jccts which you like best. i » .Flrst of all ,ease of culture is de- Ended-plants the seed of which ‘ be sown in the open ground imbue thinned instead ~ of being “Taboriously transplaniedsecond isa i display of color in the garden. f Third ix freedom of bloom. Fourth ' i; a goodly supply for cutting- those with long enough stems for j the purpose without cutting off ‘ whole branches of the plant. Fifth, annuals to cover the entire season and appear at various time in f order not to become monoton- pus. Favorite lists of annuals will qarv with the number of garden lovers who make them. and it is _ "Lnmodsible to say, “here are the ‘ best five or ten." Individual taste and fancy will enter into the final choice. but in everybodys list some ~of the following will be included: ~ nasturtiums, scrabiosas and zin- Kilns. With these eight annuals u. gard- en brilliant from mid-June until kil- _.1ing frosts coulcbemaintained with .5 minimum of care the chief re- quirement being to keep clown the weeds- They could be arranged in be.‘ or planted in rows likevege- tables, or planted in an annual , border with as great certainty of ,1}! satisfactory results a". attained with any flowering plants. A few low-growing plants for ‘lobelia. miniature marigolds will fill this need; there are, of course many others. And a few fragrant plants will add much to your en- joyment. Only the ‘nasburtium in the above list has anynpronounced perfume. but this can be taken ‘ a few miiznonette Moat of the flowers; mentio v-d, _' good cutting material‘ ‘to cheer r73‘, your living room. ‘ if; NIW BRITISH 1mm 1S ‘f’ ENTHUSIASTIC GARDEN when Edward V2111, then H-inco of Wales, was being admitted to the Worshipfui p 0f Gardmiers-a London audience a Rudener in _ Juno only. . “Ldo fael that I have found at <:'.-..".;,»,..n.s=i-.- wflefelzc! i¢~;;i|g|}§\_ marriages! Lt-tsssllii. t r f a . we. c’ " .1 us... ‘wglgs on the sow, Belong, as our eedi g practice will permit. ., - ride:- no circumstances should I1_ ii ey be weaned under six weeks. ' last a. true role." he told the guild. "I hope one day Lord Walkefield “Tthe master) will see - me carry away a number of prizes at the horticultural shows.” Since ascending the throne King Edward has continued his garden- ing hobby, and may be found dur- ing the mornings at his country residence, Fort Belvidere, just out- side London, working among his flowers and vegetables. ' _ l .During the next two months, a very large number of little pigs will reach the age when they will be taken away from their dams and place on rations, which in most cases, will not meet the re- quirements for economical devel- opment. This period is the most critical in the life of the pig. It is the time when a great number are given such n setback, that they never develop properly .ft is the time when the difference is made between marketing at six months- or at eight months. It is the time when the difference is made be- tween profit. or no profit We can take it for granted that the milk of the sow is a complete balanced ration for little pigs. It contains nll the necessary elements with which the pig can build bone, muzcle, blood, and remain in a thrifty physical condition. This being the case, we should leave the t In some districts of this province, it is the practive to wean at the teder age of three weeks. This practice is noticeable on the market hogs from these districts. n ‘They do not have the length and . ‘thrifty appearance as do the hogs f! from districts where six weeks is H the customary ivraning age. If we visit the chief hog producing sec- tions of the province, such as Rustico and Winsloe, we find farm- ers wiioswili recommend the hog u‘ ‘a mo maker. These districts are , us. Here pigs are left on the at least six weeks. and. oftenflllot weaned till eight or ks. other t motions. g‘: County. where produce very-few hogs “t, and w re many pm; - ll “m?! 11°.- . " ' find the bulk eififii... l three weeks of an. i y Colorful could‘ be» 1 except the edgihgplants will make, in... Should Be Used With Discretion Much is being saidthese days in some parts of Canada about the beneficial effects of borax in con- wolling brownheaft in turnips, a u posedly physiological diseasaaieo in the production of mangels, sugar beets and tree fruits. The point is according to officials of the Seed Branch, Dominion De- partment of Agriculture, that under certain soil conditions which are not yet thoroughly understood borax gives positive Jrsults when small amounts are applied to the above mentioned crops. Further ex- perimental work will likely add to p. ‘sent-day knowledge of the sub- lcc . In the meantime, farmers should be extremely careful in using this material for it stunts growth or destroys most crops if applied in larger amount than the crop will stand. An application eater than four pounds per acre ogrborax may be sufficient to destroy a potato crop while turnips may stand even more than twenty pounds per some under some conditions. The Fertilizers Act prohibits the sale of mixed fertilizer containing more than four pounds of borax to the ton so as to protect the farmer against crop damage. In the light of Present knowledge of the use of lwrex 1n twp production. it should be used with extreme discretion. Propitious Outlook ‘ Apple Marketing The apple marketing prospect for present holdings of Canadian apples would seem to be optimistic, R. l}. Robinson, Chief of the Market Services. Fruit Branch, Dominion’ Department of, Agri- culture, told the annual meeting of the Pomological and Fruit Growing Society or the Province of Quebec, which was held recently in Mon- trcal. This prospect is derived from the following figures from the records of the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. The total crop produced in Canada‘ for the season of 1935 was 4.069.009 barrels. Export ship,- mcnts up to January. 1036. amount- ed to 1.200.730 barrels and 1.950,- 057 boxes. as compared with 922.- 815 barrels and 1.509.601 boxes for the corresponding period of the preceding season. This represents an increase in exports over last season of approximately 30 per cent. An examination of the figures ro- lating to common and cold storage holding indicate that there is nearly half a million barrels less in there was in 1835, or 1,011,355 as against 1,470,901 barrels. Consider- ing apples in storage together with those exported to January 24, 1936. it is found that '15 per cent of the 1935 crop has already been disposed storage at tho-present time than ' It is wry annoying to find a bunch of eggs in the nest all massed, up due to one or more eggs havinl been broken. This may have beeh due to weak shells or @888 may have been deliberately broken by a hen. Weak shells may be removed by feeding cod live.- oil as sometimes the birds apparently do not make the proper use of the shell that is being fed. Direct sunlight or its substitute 0.1.0. seems to enable the bird to make full use of the lime, and this passing into the shell Strengthens it so that there is loss danger of one breokin "by accident. Having plenty of’ nest space will also help prevent breakage. 1t is when two or three hens Qowd in the one nest that an egg is likely to be broken The egg-eating habit is a vice that usually" starts with one bird, but it may soon spread to others. They will work away at an egg until they break the shell and then de- vour the contents. Others birds get- ting a. taste try the same thing and soon broken eggs are found in a number of nests. This is bad at any time and results in consider- able loss. but it is particularly bad in the spring when eggs are being saved for hatching. No one wants to put dirty eggs in the incubator, and hatching eggs certainly should - not be washed. in fact it is advised against washing the market eggs as they lose that protective coating with whch nature seals the egg. Gathering the eggs frequently. providing nesting space that is more or less in the dark, ‘trying to catch the culprits and removing them from the pen or else cutting the sharp tip off their beak, are methods of stopping the loss from egg eating. Some use newspapers in the pen as a means of distracting the bird's attention. They work at the paper, tearing it to pieces. The kind 0r variety of paper doesn't seem to make any difference. When it comes to saving eggs for hatching they should be gathered at least two or three times a day to prevent chilling in the cold weather and to prevent heating by a num- ber of hensbeing on the nest during the day. Whether marketing ‘the eggs to hatchery, to a private trade or in a. wholesale way, cleanliness of eggs and unifonnity of colour coupled with proper grading helps hold the trade. General Quality of _ 1935 Seed Crops i11- Supplies for the seeding of field crops for 1936 must XIBCCSSBTHy be derived largely from 1935 seed. crops. The year 1935 was unique as re- gards condidons afiecting the growth and maturity of all kinds 0f. As a result. the domestic apple marketing outlook should be deci- dedly healthy, more especially as 32 per cent less apples nrelri stor- of seed crops. Early frost together with adverse climatic conditions over a wide area of the Dominion did heavy damage in Western Can- ada, and one of thc worst epidem- ics of black stem rust srriousiy af- fected grain crops of a largo 38c- ticn of saskathcewnn and Mani- toba. To make specific reference to cereal crops, it may b: said that in age at the present time than at the corresponding time in 1935. Coupled with these circumstances. tho pur- chasing parser of the average citi- mn is improved. prices are relative- ly higher. and export marketing prospects continue to be of an en- couraging nature. Weaning Young Pigs thrifty and stunted. The hair be no part of Canada was the oat ‘i’ crop of normal quality. In Western Canada damage to this crop from frost was more severe and covered wider areas than fhr some years. This applied particularly to the _ northern part-s 0f all three Prairie Provinces or those districts from which seed supply for the south- em partsof these provinces, as well as other parts of Canada, is usually drawn. The Provinces of Manitoba and Saskatchewan are the principal production sources of barley in Western Canada. Here this crop suffered from rust and excessive rain at harvest time. The seed is therefore light in weight and 0f poor colour. Barley and Mt 0WD! throughout Eastern Canada gave great promise during the early part of the growing season. Unfavour- able weather conditions at filling time, however, so affected these crops throughout large parts of the district that the quality of the seed from the standpoint of kernel weight or body of sample is the lowest in some years. R/eferrlng to mrnge crops. tim- othy seed was of first importance in 1985 as ‘regards yield. but m! sow on full feed. - The question is often asked,- what causes weaned pigs to be- come unthiifty when they have been off the sow for two or three weeks? We can answer this by stat- ing that the average farmer can- not compete with the sow when the job is to feed little pigs. After weaning the farmer becomes the foster mother of the pigs Lby adoption. He immediately takes it for granted that a little pig's Bt-dmr ach will assimilate every kind of farm iced. He over estimates the size of this stomach, ‘ with the result that the pig becomes un- cornea dry and curly. The skin is covered with scurf. All this is evidence or improper feedinl- 1!. the milk pt the pow is the ideal ration for little 1711M“ should l» the practice to feed. to weaned pigs a ration containing the same ele- ments, as the cow's. milk contains. This milk is hlghin fat content. ‘quality Wu somewhat impaired Th1; m, l, 133g”, 1,1,4 pfg- through loss of colour and excessive y; u ‘ri- 15 1,11; mug huffing. the result of rain at ha:- b??? ‘tl-iaopigs. are weaned vest time and over-ripenins. Red many gum" mggiy-"Urgy feeding ‘clover seed production resulted in skin milk. Now skim milk i: de- two distinct qualities of seed, the cidedly lacking in fat. It con- late crop, which constituted "W tains the some olemanwaa cheese, bulk of the 901411014011. N1!!! 01 and consequently we find that the lower than oversee quality bmule pigs become eonstipa‘ ‘. and of interrupted maturity by 9W“- devolop an unthrifty appearance. Alsike seed was of vary small vol- Pigs can be ruined if fed llraely uma and much below aver-aw on skin milk. Crippling or indiges- quality, especially with respect to “on may result. If whole milk is l weed content. Alfalfa aaed produc- balanced ration, it is evident that tion 111.1935 was of tieslirlble pre- after we take 91ft the fat we have" portions. Sweet clover more nan. no. g sgiuuesmrptien in the akin. l, maintained average quality t In milk. 1t is, too ninth in protein. that of any ether-Janie awp- 11°"- when fed alone. As evidence that ever. it must not be inferrfli thlt many farmers do not underlay! an acute seed situation ‘extra’: one chemical cggppllli °1'_ "1 Much good seed is avafllb o. milk; we find we used the usual supply of sound. fill-IMP- ... a. supplement. ‘mil ell-WW 1e vital me of cereals etneclally w» also very high 111 117W!!! "11 l" not produced in I!!!» l or 01h. mu when? --- ‘.1 . - homer. as b d u; 11 ti: 1'. asboalrrcmove . niieifn unbalanced. due to mtg!‘ GOG‘ manor-aging results have again been obtained from the forage crop breeding work at" ‘tho Dominion Experimental-Farm. at broaden. Manitoba. ‘than Wm m varieties and strains on teat lrrthe. forage ‘oi-op nursery." ‘ ‘t ‘ gin-n- condensate progress n» ‘ban made in the breeding, project for the development cl Cofriedkie sheep at the Dominion lxperimane n. number of yum. The work has been under way for tll ltaldli It Lethbfldlfi. Alberta. 15g; BRED AND OWNED BY ALFRED Her dam was Grand Champ!” sum. 11.5.11. EDGELY DAMIN UNTES 459089- rfiiiFoiz FARMERS.‘ smock BREEDERS AND IiENSEAIEGGS. ‘ ‘Sm-min. _ BAGG. EDGELIIY. ONTARIO Grand Champion Jersey cow at the Canadian National Exhibition and the Royal Winter Fair, 1935. and many other prism. at the Canadian National Exhibi- tion in 193i. Sold for $1,800.00 to Mrs. W. Clarke, Kansas Olly, Mil- ANIMM . - It has been wisely said that the feeding ‘of pure-bred beef iuually entails the business of fit- ting yhem for the shows, as there can so sucoeafuby advertise his herd as by exhibiting a few of his of the awards offered at exhibitions. We havedn Canada a. great many breeders of beef cattle, and herdsmen feeding them, who are but masters in the art of fitting animals for exhibition. The true artist in this buslnels, however. is the man who can bring them out in show fit and yet not overdo them, lest their usefulness as brood- ers be permanently impaired. ‘This difllcult task has been ao- complished by a good many skil- ful breeders. In recent years, chsm. pions have been bred from chum. pions. and calves have gone on NEWS Y News ANGLO-SAXON pom-av (l; This is a time 0f revivals-Irish, Gaelic, Welsh. Why not Anglo. sflxml? (D0111 Wk? that too eer- 10115111) There is, contrary to my ‘ilrmel’ belief. a considerable body of literature inthat language; and I have greatly enjoyed Prof, g K_ Gordon's translations of English We"? ¢°V°Fin8 the period between the years 650 and 1,000 AD. Putting the Aflslo-saxon ‘hhronicle, and the short poems written into it, on 0119 Side. there seems t0 be little doubt that the song of the min- strel Widslth is the oldest piece of literature in our language, but it has received 1:\‘er additions such as references to the Medes and He- brews. The battle of Maldon took place in 993. between the invading Dans and the lmglish: and the 999m de-Wflbill! the fight, though but a fragment. is in a vlgnmug, heroic strain and is the last great poem before the Norman Conquest, English poetry before the Con- quest may be WHEN? divided into two classes, heroic and christian, 581's Prof. Gordon. The heroic poems are old stories and legends of -K,ings and warriors of contin- cntal Germanic tribes, and there is nothing distinctively \‘ngllsh' about them but the language. The Chris- tian poems are adaptations o1 Bible narratives. the lives of saints, or verse for general (and some- times lifeless) morallzlng. It may seem strange to us that NOi-thum. bria led the van of those who con- tributed to this literature, for the modem Northumbrlanb tastes do not lie in that direction: he h more concerned with the things of the hand than those of the mind. It was Baeda of Jarrow. who gave the impetus to the literary genius of Northumbria, and set the trans. cribers in the monasteries of the Northern Kingdom to copying down the folk-tales brought across the 86a by their Germanic ancestors; and for the cdificatlon of their contemporaries, making thc re- markable paraphrnses of Scripture which modern poets have not dis- dained to make use of. The 15mg- lish language at that period was l WW T011811 too‘. to work with, as the following example from the well-kriowrrstory of "Beowulf" shows: “Him se yldesta ondswarode, Werodes wisn word-hard onleac." That ist-"Him the eldest ans- wered. of the troop the leader (his) word-hoard unlocked." Some of the southern dialects‘ "were even more uncouth, and interesting as their study undoubtedly is one would scarcely like to see a revival of them in a national sense! The ravlses 0f the Danes from the eighth century onward. wiped out the monastic libraries. and now the Northumbrian poetry has sur- vived only in a West Saxon trans- lation, and not in its native dress. "Beowulf," the elm-y of a Swedish hero, bears traces of its Northum- brim origin, and is preserved in a manuscript believed to have been written about 1.000 AD. It is now in the British Museum. it is a legtby account of Beowulfs fight with the giant Grendel in the Hall at Heart in Denmark, his slaying of Grendelfls mother imder the waters of the lakie near-by, and his encounter with a fire-breathing dragon in which he inlays tho dra- gon but dies of wounds, is a kind of Jack the Giant Killer tale. Among the other conten of the Beowulf MB. is the story of Judith, “a work of remarkable power and beauty." In a manuscript in the Bodletan titled Genesis. Ibrodul. Christ and Satan. The opens with an account of the war in heaven, powerfully written. It relates: "They made great boast- 111g that they could ohm with God the glorious abode. wide and rad- iant. amid the splendor of tho hoat. one! came upon them there. envy and presumption pride of that angel who-lint began toworkandweavaand stir up that fiiokedneaa. ~ tmratinl for strifa. no declared that he‘ would possess a dwelling and throne in ma northmfparo of the king- dom of beavanl" . _ Iut the crum- "fiervooty roused his-stern mind: m selsid his foal with hostile hands. and wrathfoi tn heart. erulnad his" enemies in bin ilooorrcIi-ert or uni.- 110mm! that: you y‘ polaaaaiom." n abgala fell for thNl flights and and Hi0 i” lng in eternal night, black under the heavens," till Hell received them and they are transformed to devils." There in the evening for time beyond measure, all the fiends feel fire new-kindled; then at dawn comes a wind from the east, frost exceeding chill: ever fire or the piercing cold." The idea or this alternate punishment is found also in Dante and Milton: the weeping and wailing is caused by the fire, and the gnashing, or chattering, of teeth by the cold.) ) The leader of the fiends, now called Satan, is grieved that Adam has been created to take his place in heaven and plans to seduce him from his allegiance to the Creator. He, Satan, is fast-bound and fetter- ed, but a lesser fiend, to gratify him, seeks out Adam and presents himself as a messenger from the King of Heaven. "Adam. dost thou desire aught from God? It was not long since that I sat with Him- self. Then He bade me go on this Journey. bade thee eat of this fruit. He said that thy strength and skill and thy mind would grow greater and thy body more beautiful by far, thy form fairerz" and much more to the same effect. Adam is dubious, and insults the “messen- ger," who turns to Eve and tries to persuade her: “Think in ‘thine heart that thou mayst ward off Phnish- merit from you both. as I will show thee. Eat this fruit . . . 1f thou dost carry out that design, best of women, I will conceal from your Lord that Adam spoke so much in- sult. evil words, unto me. He ac- cuses me of lies, says that I am not at all God's angel." Eve-"God had assigned her a weaker mind"-xe- cclvcd the grievous fruit of thc tree of death from thc foe. Then she takes the fruit to Adam. “One she bore in her hand, one lay at her heart. the cursed apple. the fruit of the tree of death, which the Lord of Lords had forbidden her before." (Herc we see where the idea of the apple came from: it was a familiar fruit to the Anglo- Saxons.) After much persuasion Adam eats; to the satisfaction of the "most bitter messenger,“ who seeks "the far-spreading flames. the gates of hell. where his master lay bound with chains" . . . "Blithe be thy heart in thy breas " (he says.) "fol- hers both things are brought to pass. that the children of men. mankind, shall forsake the King- dom of Heaven and pass to thee. burning, into that fire; also despite. grief of heart, has been dealt unto God." Vlfhlie the fiend is thus congratulating his master. the dis- illusioned couple conceal themselves in the grcenwood, in an agony of grief; and the story ends. The manuscript, a rather lengthy fragment, was put into print in 1856. by Franz Junius; a Huguenot scholar, then living in England. Ho afterwards gave the MB. to Ox- ford University. Milton's “Paradise 10st" was published in 1067: it has considerable resemblance to the work of the unknown writer of “Genesis.” The two re ‘ ‘ _ collections of Anglo-Saxon M58. will be the subject of a Note next week. “LOOKING FORWARD ‘I0 SPRING.” That is the] title of a chart-hing. but all too short. contribution to "Canadian Horticulture for Febru- ary. It is from the pen of Mrs. Gor- don MmMilla-n. 0f North River, P.I.I., a. lady who has dons much to ‘uphold our fame as tho“'Gardm of the Gulf." I have often hoard of ma beauty of her garden. both from tourists and in the pron. but dldnot realise its attractiveness till I saw the two illustrations in the "Horticulture" maganine. I must makeaneflorttoleaitatfirat hand! Turnmg to the ilet '0! plants mentioned in the article. they are. f feel sure. high-class Von Tuber- productionl. That firm. locat- ed in Holland. puts out a catalogue equally satisfying to the botanist and the gardener. f, (no, am look- ing forward m Spring when I toeeeaomeof their wares .n bloom. My mus are of the bulbou HD6111 f amnot certain how the rhilomatoua-rooied Iris would stand the winter in this northern lite. m: Antler. PPrinoeu Juliana" ha; large deep bltia flower-a, with a white eye: and trio Hispanics "Golden Glory," ia a rich calf goi- dIn-Hllow. with the standard: 6810. ‘thlvtllh ti! "dark ‘k004- (Continued on Page i!) winning from the ‘junior class right up to,the aged class. coming out each year as fresh as their first appearance. The advisability of high fitting has been discussed many times. Beef cattle, howevenan judged for their flashing qualities, and Q19 exhibitor who can fit his animals so as to present a. beef carcass in its most attractive form has always the best chance to win. The present showyard classifica- Wm! PM"? ' well exclude non- breeding females from exhibiting, and a good many of the objection- able features of overfitted animals have been eliminated. Efforts are also being made to prevent the faking ot cattle for exhibition purposes. and the ex- hibitions authorities. breed associa- tions, and department ofagricul- ture, should combine to remove the least suspicion, in this respect. from cattle that are awarded prizes at shows. Let us now’ direct, our attention to a. recognized continent-wide breeder and feeder of Bhorthorxis. This man has always been a firm believer in twice-a-day feeding. maintaining that feeding oftener does not give a cattle boast a chance to lie and chew its cud properly. which is all-important to ruminants in securing the best re- sults from feed. He claims that he has often met exhibitors who fed more frequently unable Fo get a fill on their animals before showing. its appetite being dulled' by too frequent feeding. Where a twice-a- day plan is adhered to, he claims that no difficulty of that kind is encountered. The animal is always keen for its feed, there is less danger o! its getting stalled. and the necessary time for rumination and digestion between feeds is the means of utilizing the ration to its full value, thus keeping the animal in a more healthful condi- tion. This herd goes out to pasture in excellent condition. They are a very even and attractive lot, but are also in good flesh. Hay is often fed for roughage, but when fodder is more expensive, straw forms a considerable part of the roughage. The hay fed is mixed and con- talus Mgood deal of blue grins and alfalfa. ‘The cows get no grain. but are fed about one bushel of ensilage and one bushel of pulped mangels each, daily. No grain is fed to them except what they get in the corn ensflage. A little extra care is given them at time of calving, but they milk well and keep in good flash on this ration. In feeding a beef-breed cow. a. farmer nun to figure the annual cost of her maintenance as W" of the cost of her calf: and, while n mp calf will pay this several timas over. it is necessary t0 We? the average cost of calvoa down to a minimum. and ensilage ‘greatly helps in this plan. Mangels make succulent, healthful feed, invaluable w n herd of breeding cows. numlns their calves. Alfalfa and clovers are used as pasture land but. permanent pas- tures are much preferred. The owner is in the business of brooding pure-brad bee‘! cattle, and the sale of bull calves, and also a number of heifers. forms l large part of his profit. with him. the calf is the thing! Rapid devel- opment and early maturity is what he aims at. Young bulls that find a market at i2 months 01d m‘ younger are the most profitable. A yaun. herd has been fed on this farm for some years. and the awards won at xhiblti 1mm year to year have Broatly aided sales. The fitting of calves for show purposes has, therefore, be- come an important business. Milk plays a large part in pre- paring the show calves. and cows in this herd have their milking qualities well developed. A bull calf that shows promise of developing into a good one ‘is given an additional supply when lieisabletotakeihAlbpdbuli calfgotolbfoflolbmofmiika day vmbn gettng near chow time. This may seem like valuable food. but it 1| fed to a valuable calf. It is safe, natural food. that will give the youngator fine show yard bloom. and after being thus fed he can beturnedovertoanawownarin that healthful condition which will enable him to l0 118m W- s of on this m are raised on a mot-hit‘! alone. but when weal! ls l°°¢ 011'» ough to show in the strongest kind of company. ha is VI"! a liberal supply of the but feed for calves that can be found. This is milk. . ' . Mongols are fed the calves gt e as soon aa tli will eat mole. troughs m up at each feed. with more the calm wit! out. and the residue meme when thl (HIISBANDRY “ms the weather is usually too ‘rough - is no other way in which a breeder in: a few weeks longer (if you oil- best animals and capturing some color can be made without stirring poultry feeds to the total in 19M Look Over Seed Lists Now 80 YOU _OAN ORDER. EARLY AND GIT DIST SELECTION qyrfng gardening, molly when the first catalog arrives. ma‘. for any outdoor operations. But the ho, and spade will keep from rust- ed them up last fall) so the first preparation for summer's array of from the fireside. Selecting seeds from a catahg which lists many hundreds of var- ieties is no small task. It should be treated very seriously. and each desirable subject should be studied and located in the garden even before it is ordered. Every gardener will want some petunia, sinnias. marigolds, kspurs, , ,,' and a few others that‘ are universally grown and loved, but just what color and variety of each he needs will depend on where and under what conditions he will grow them. IVI unately. the modem nod cat- alog is very clear and understand- able on this subject, and gives do- taiied instructions for planting as well as the characteristics, habits and special cultural needs of each subject. If the amateur studies it as he would a text book. he will learn much which the casual planter never knows, and will have real success with his flowers and vegetables. Books on gardening which can be obtained from the seedsman or public library are another source of information which should not be neglected. They do not always list the names of the newest flow- ers. but they are indispensable for discussions on design, border plant- ing and succession crops of vege- tables. The garden magazines are equally helpful. - Lacking these sources of inform- ation, the catalog will do you very well alone, and for the amount of condensed material, it can't be beat. Many universities use them in class instruction for this reason. If you have not received one this wear. order immediately. You will need it to plan your garden, and of course the earlier you buy your seeds the better selections you get. Poultry Seed Sales Show Big Increase The importance of the poultry industry to the mixed feed trade and the high level at which Wullry feed sales have been main- lfllhed in all parts of Canada dur- ini the depression is strikingly in- dicated in the recently issued “R8- port on the Mixed Feed Trade in Canada. 1934," compiled with the co-operation of the Feed Division, Seed Branch, Dominion Department of Agriculture, and recently pub- lished by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics. While sales of all mixed feeds in 1934 were greater by 8.05 tons than in i930, sales of poultry mix- ed feeds alone were greater by 30,762 tons. Poultry feeds in i984 accounted for 70.3 per cent of all mixed feed sales and in 1930 for 61.6 per cent. The proportion of was highest in British Columbia, 99.4 per cent and lowest in the three prairie provinces, 44.4 per cent. ., The volume of poultry reed sales has expanded as a result of the increased use of mash feeds in every geographical area of the country except the Prairie Provinces, for in all parts of Canada. sales of scratch grain mixtures were lower in 1934 than in 1980. is fed at the rate of three hand- fuls to a grbup of sixteen calves. twice a day. The flax meal is sprinkled over the pulped mangels in the trough. This group of calves. 80m of them quite youns. oon- sume about six bushels of mangels per- day. ' Oat chop is also fed to the calves. No whole oats is fed. The group get six gallons of out chop per day, in two feeds. This is increased as the calves grow older. ‘They also get mixed hay. alfalfa and blue grass. all they will clean up. twice a day. Cooked barley and corn are fav- ourite (feeds for finishing calves for the show yard. Boiled barley has been fed for some time at this farm. but recently corn has been boiled and used with the barley. about three bushels of corn to four bushels of barley. About one quart of flu 1| boiled with each bushel of this grain, making Wry good feed for flashing. Rolled oats and bran also form part o1 this feedlnl ration and WhInJJIO suppl of rootais exhaust- rhi: the ng, dried beat pulp m 1901. for mtamplevthere were eighteen bead. of show cattle in this herd. Their ration was mixed as follows: ~ - - 9d lba. boiled barley (dry weight)‘ be iha. boiled corn (fir! weight.) e lbs. flax and. boiled with the grain. 100 lbs. rolled oats. 40 lbs. ground oats. ~ 30-1111. wheat bran. The cattle ara fad about 19 lba. each of groin d . - - The boiling of t thin is done once a day, two em ration. or we feeds, being cooked at once. Caro is taken not to burn the food filly! fitillh eating. GIOIIIIG , . doors lift the tiny seedlings the blade of a knife, tukint; soil rains are slow in coming .1»; tr. the ground outside as soon iv. i. the temperature point where it will not freeze thc earth in the frame. The most ef- fective use of annuals is in borders — of various combinations of color start able second box in order . to sea at the amateurs grasp. Here's How Head, Lettuce Is Grown Growins zooo head lettuce i. , feat which baffles most amcleuiq and mfllwsrthe successful one; in. clined to brag. The usual cause q failure is a late start, and m, remedy is sowing ip a box indoor; Seed boxes or flats need be only | inches high, with about 4 niche.- of "soil. They may be 1am inches larger, but the aamll size is more easily handled.‘ A light loam, sifted and contain- ing plenty of sand, should be used to fill the box. The bottom of u" box must have holes bored in 11 for drainage, or be made of slats Cover the holes with pieces or broken pottery or large pebble, Put in 4 inches of soil and firm it with 9. brick. Make the top smooth and mark off straight drills or grooves in the soil about 3 inches apart. Bow the lettuce seed in tho drills, not too thickly. Firm the soil over the seed, water the box by letting it down into a tub of water 90 that the water does not cover the top of the soil but soak; thoroughly into the entire bod, o; soil. Let the surplus water drain away- ' The box should be placed in a dark. fairly warm place and in; soil keptmoist by sprinkling with a fine spray until the scgdg sprout. Then it should be given all the light possible. The seedling plants of letuce should have a cool place (90 to '10 degrees) and plenty of light to prevent (hem growing too fast. The 1111111101“ here given apply generally to starting seeds indoors, and .mQ5L ‘seedlings need a fairly cool place, with all the light possible. 1r rgrs is romote they will stretch out in search of it, and if the place is too ‘warm, their growth will be forced and weak. Head lettuce plants do not need transplanting indoors unless they come along so fast that they are crowding each other in the box before it il possible to set them in the garden. To transplant them in- with with the roots, and set. 111cm in mother flat. allowing ench plant z inches in the roof, with roar, about 8 inches apart. The seedlings should bc m out in the garden as soon as tlu- toil can be prepared. The soil riiuri ‘no the richest you have, and ought lo have a‘ liberal dose of plant ioini. Lettuce is a gross feeder. and y. ur task is to make it grow fzul, tha‘ it will come to u tighi before the hot weather utrii sible. and a reserve supply :1. be kept under protection, brunt» the first lot often parishes Lu a 4 1m frost . Novelties add new interest to an old garden. Get a few of the new amiuals, and some of the n9?‘ vegetable varieties. Annuals may also be started in l cold frame to good advantage but this will require later sowing when has reached a such as blue and pink, mauve and rose. orange and yellow, scarlet and oranke and other color schemes. Lay ins. supply of complete plant food for spring planting opfifflllillb The land will need an application. and most flowers and vegetable-s will thrive with it. The usual first application is 4 pounds for 100 square feet of ground; follow directions on box or baa. The easiest and cheapest will‘ "l seeds early is in bCC-d boxes or flats. Set them in n silli- ny window a month or more lit-tore time to plant outdoors. It is advis- to transplant them to it linrdcii than. The massive dahlies which yo" “bitions are not beyond This flower has been developed so intensively in recent years that anyone w" grow them from seed or tubers They make excellent background plants.‘ and growing exhibition flowers is a fascinating hobby. Apartment dwellers find n wind- nw box helps to satisfy their longing for a garden. Dozens flowers can be grown in small space. Nalturtiuma, Petunia-o and other dwarf or rambling lllblw-s are g1od. femur-mud gardeninl u 11"" in order. out out wnvll in“ PM" and-pith ‘ruled paper marked w no with the footage "Y vour g den mark in ‘ accurately what r viii punt. suite oeie frames mlx- It 1-1 “ ‘mg 14g; t4 my them of sturdy’ uimmi into mum or hi" 1"" m mu" ‘h * Ab” int longer and are cheap" ofoouree the amount ted w umlmm, each individual animal would v " m" WW1"! '0 "I “W”? t: n» third official ostimat! of me: Cains on a milk diet would ¢ "h", pmuguon ln 1935 consume‘ iua and full-hobo anl- u" mgssm bushels ~-a.aeeoon ma‘: more than the average of il m». the ascend esti- lll- fill-grin‘: d ‘t; d‘ hm mate illldlinlfflfllliber. ‘hints: W!!! '.'a.i\ima.teh1.00000bueb¢ m tie 011%’! farm