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lhia ou-Ahold
A For Parents. Teachers. Pupils
  _ _ in _ __  _ _ _` _ 1  _ - A Dalrymen. _Fa`1-n1ers._Hors ent¢1l
0. I' I - ` ` h 'ID I 0! emulation among the pupils
fri ._
But if it is important to have correct
` ~-'ro»'rHE FARMER I ,",;°";°°- I-I 'mu'-II -no -inn-1- 
aphy. it is equally important to
_ ' 0!
._ I' - " - ' know-what to~teacb. - Most educators
agree that the child should be taught
Farmers and others interestpd are 3°
Invited to contribute to The Farm. I 5
The Dairy, The Turf, and Good 'xy
roads departments of the Guardian
correct spelling of-every word in
Vofiilllllllfy. and of every word like-
to form part* of his vocabulary.
averlxe teacher has not the time
he
0 M,” ,n- perhaps nor perhaps the
g:_§:,|;,a¥,_qX3wg?0 2361:? 0 ‘Ives by experience necessary to
m
b
experts to all questions of lelleflll °°
interest and space will' he given to 9
plete suob a list. Fortunately,how-
v r, the modern text book on this
e
| 1 y su ject is written with this end in
32?” wa'::S3c§‘°tI.,.|,:,‘:lE=v:;',!.'1 wfn. view and every teacher should see
land interests ~ that all pupils in the intermediate and
' _ senior grades have spelling books and
Contributors are asked to have al
their articles at this office early 91011
ally lessons in ortbography. In ad-
itton the words of the reading lesson
t ny and the more important words in the
ngglhnage zzlgdlgdlgrgatgmeagegne other subjects of study sllould be
u
p. m. Wednesday. All received after iii
ght This practice persistentl
- Y
    
I0
spell correctly some 6,000 words,
, . -. _ which is more than most of us will
\ ' ‘ " ‘ "‘ ` ever have use for. _
if THE SCHOOL 1
’ AND
FQ
-.1
.\
nt/\
SUGGESTIONS.
1. ln conducting the spélllng recltaf
tion pronounce the words distinctely
and accurately. Require the pupils to
ronounce a word a second time for
` careless pupils, otherwise habits of in-
- é   pronounce before they spell. 2. Do not
ze ` D
, ' ,. attention are encouraged.
3. Have pupils keep a list of the
Contributions for this department words they lllidllell. Give frequent re-
should be addressed to V
President Teacher's Association, m
Guardlan's School and Home,
iews of' these words until they are
astered.
4. Compose sentences for dictation
P. 0. Box 188 Charlottetown. into which are introduced homonyms
SPELLING.
possessive, abbreviations, contractions
and arbritnry signs. insist on the pro-
_____ per punctuation and capitalization of
- th se er ises. Didn‘t_ u ne hew
\iJ“m°S H' D§;'§3E,‘;';‘§‘ Impecmr of bull aegrelfm separntorlyn ‘lily Illece
one of the most peculiar in the course
of study. Ono may be a brliliunt mat- n_
_ came home on Wednesday, April 7th
ln lnany respects this subject is 0,
6.35 p. m., etc.
5. 'Pencil .eyIlllbicni_lon and ncccni.
will help both spelling and pronun-
bematlcan, an accomplished lillgllistf ciation. Occasionall rc ulre lu ils
a forcible writer and the world will to
y ll l ll
pronounce each syllable in oral
I' .
lil-cely give him duo credlt.for ills At- npelllnll. tblls directing attention_.t_o its
lainlm-_llt.ll_ To be u E000 SD€lli‘l‘. ll0“'- phono value. _
ever, will bring him no distinction;
6. Give exercises in words often
while to he u. poor Ono Will ili5'~'0“ilI confounded in spelling pronunciation
ills other intellectualachievements or
meaning: Emigrant immigrant;
and bring on him the odium that be- dying, dyeing; lightening _lightning
longs to ignorance. Learning I0 feilil etc.
to cipher etc., has a. high educational
7. Keep on the board u list of the
as well as practical value: but l98l‘ll- common words often mi.spronounced;
ins to spell has no oduoutionul volvo often, arctic. helm. bellows, ewe,
worth mentioning; and. as for its pro- quandary, etc. Give frequent drill in
otical value, should a pel'S0ll ll@C0Ill€ pronouncing these.
a perfect speller it is doubtful that by
8. Teach word-building-with pre-
this meanshe could lllCl'€B-S0 ille fixes and sufllxes. Show the import-
world's wealth very much. ant part played nus-, des-. un-. ful-,
Yet in spite of this we must learn io less-, er-, or, etc., in the formation of
spell and spell correctly. Woe betide new w(n~¢1s_
tlle` cler mau, teacher, doctor, law
9. Stud related words: Elect elec-
sy ' Y
yer or business man who makes mir- tion, elector. electoral, electorate etc.
takes in his orthosrapbyi li is 0f H0
10. And lastly ict it he kept ln mind
uvun that he can point lo rl college that chrrectspellihglsh habit and like
career as a proof that he is educated. ni
l other habits is best acquired by at-
'l‘hlI-I only ro-riders his oflenoc tho more ientivo hhrl interesting repetition. All
unpnrdonuble. The world will for- W
ork then in this subject should be
give him soleclsms in his spec-cll`llllil conducted with this end in view; and
writings, errors in his geography and -every known method and device
history, or miscalculations in his aritll- should bc used to lighten as much us
c bllt mistakes in ills spelling- osalible the drud er necessar
metl : D
never! Nothing will save him from nl
being classed among thc_iguorant. llnl
nven the/1‘jpperury Mans excuse- II
h rl en.
alnlilew then of the fact that spelling
well has so much to do with fixing 0
one's educational status it becomes Q
of ilrst importance that this subject t,
be taught persistently throughout llle ‘°
_ f
common school course for experience
. g y' Y I()
ako thc pupil a good nrthorophlst.
GIRLS AND HOUSEWORK
is your daughter among those who
slike housework and is anxious io
et away to the city ofilce or factory
r a change? People only dislike to
things that they find uilinterestillg.
o
h ’ bud le V tm, If a girl is always given the drugery
has shown that. if t c c a cs . sl
speller be is likely to_renlnin to the a
end of his days. There is no royal to
road to spelling. Nothing but hard c
work intelligently directed will make H
one a good orthogrnphist. ll in true n
then there arc rules W
which Durport to l.\e‘ it it
short cut; but they 0-P9 90 llilll10l`0\1S;
and their exceptions are so many illili W
thc best teachers have discarded d
them altogether; and pl.li.I_-_ their m
chief reliance on the nttentbo rc- ,H
ic naturally rebels' In most. Ameri-
colnruon school a poor spellcr. ll 1100i* ca
n homes, even the school girl has
certain number of household duties
perform. The troubles is that in nine
ases out of ten those duties are of
lc most unimportant, uninteresting
nd unintelligcnt character, such ns
e can hardly blame the girl for class-
yillg as "menla|."
There are any number of mothers
ho imagine they are training their
aughters in housework, when as n
atter of fact, they arc merely utlliz
their services as "bel "‘ in washin
Dil'-iil°“ ‘lf the W°“iI "nm " °°"e°t dighes, making beds, dustiing and otheg
and lasting impression of its form has le
dious and mechanical duties. On
been mime °” the memmy' the other hand. the selection, buying
o d forms are lm ressed on thc
nd preparation of food-the most
----iv r ~ p n
memory oiillel' iill‘°“Sli hlhe ";§d“;’;‘_ skilled, scientific and interesting part
oi' ille elll' Ol' the eye- W en °" °g of dolnesticlty-is allowed to remain
phy is taught through the our. lilo ,,
sealed book to them. ls it any won-
0l‘ul llltlillilil 0' lellcllillg is “BMI ha" der then, that a bright, intelligent
when iil\l8ll¢ llll'°“gh me elf” I 8 girl should come to look upon house-
wfllleli llldillilii 9h°“|‘l l"`ed°mi”“t°i keeping as a round of mechanical ana
Which lll0ill0d Well 9h°“id be “d°Dte‘ uninteresting drudgery. and to make
in studying Bild leilclllllg this Whiect up her mind to do as little of it as pos-
if we keep in mind the two facts (1) 8|
and retaining correct visual images of
ble?
ight bc suggested tllnt, during the
l
word-forllle. illifi (2) Ilia* he Wm “el” years of a`glrl's life when her interests
that a Child lellflill I0 “Dell by f°"mmg As ll reform in this directioll it
n
n
or have-any use for spelling except
oulded, as little as possible of the
l
when he Wrlleil. li Will be B9" evident are being formed and her tastes are
that 0l‘tll0El’ilDl1Y Sllilllld be ia“5m al' mechanical and tedious part of house
most excllillivély lill'0\l8h the eye and keeping be put upon her. On the other
fi b the written method Every
and, as fast as she learns something
chie y y - h
teacher has 0bB€l'V0il I-hill the “mm of the principles underlying the selec-
often forgets what ho B009- lil" m°"° tion and preparation of food and ac-
often what he hears, but seldom wbsl nnircs some skill. she should be per-
he makes. This perhaps ful‘lli8l1€ll “B
the strongest 'reason for teaching Bllell' certain times for tho nlcais of the
ing by the written method and in HC- family. Even while thc girl is in
cordance with the foregoing lli'ili°iP“l school, there is ample opportunity.
the child should be ilCCl\5I°l“9d *S duriu the lon vacations for givin
I l osslble to make (lo Write)
fig aff;-il germs he is endeavoring to
impress on his memory- The °°'0ll°"“‘
tion of the muscles in reDl’0llllCill5 Oil
paper words which the child hears or
sees, seems to develop what miallilllii
terlned a. muscular memory. so lla
in time and with suillclent drill a per-
son’s hand domes to write the correct
form of t.he words automatically. Then
and not i.ill then is his spelling per-
mliiilring the first years' of the child's
school life he leams to spell by resal-
ing. The forms ofthe common wor s
are presented to his eye I0 Often. ihllt
he carries sway a correct mental lm- 'her hnsband's salary or income is ut
'terly inadequate to such an expense.
hge of them without any Ilpeoilil °ii‘°l'i
dn his part. Yet it is a common lll'°lt°‘
tice for the youns people to iwlld 0
spell by locking at a word. say os;
long enough to get the sequence o
letters and then chant d-o-g- dos:
0,00, 003; ||-9-3, dog-'an' exercise
which is productive of ho goodhund
is certainly not pleeslns to ei"-
adther shouidilre child be trained to
hotles cal-¢luliy_ the forms of words
rpg; they may' e retentively printed
ob his meffieiiyr ands when he has :c-
haired some-skill in writing. the; ya'
rgggng befdfd -lll0I’lI.I0lI0lI hd I 011'*
he tau ht to-spell by the written me
boil again all this it must not be ln-
ferrbd mt oral -collins In IIII°i°"-
on the °ouir:i.~ir.lt should so lIIIII<l ill;
haha with t. written w°i‘ll» *I
famous. _s.v_s_w II°II!_oIIi°IIl allay il;
` I
I3 uns l;r__:¢`m9a:‘f|Ai_'L';Il”;u.m _I
_ _ _
8 8 Z
her this sort ot' training in household
anagement.
The objection may be made that
the inexperienced girl cook may sppn
nlld waste things, and, curiously
enough, sucll an objection is often
made by mothers who will gladly and
proudly spend hundreds of dollars up
on their daughters"ucademlc or musi-
cnleducations. Tile trouble ls that such
a mother does not have the propenrc-_._
epect for housekeeping herself. And
it is the daughter of such a mother'
who grows up with a contempt for
domestic duties and. when she mar-
ries, insists upon hiring a "maid" when
mitted to take full responsibility nt
m
' Train your daughter by precept and
example into the idea that housekeep-
ing is both a science-and an art, and
the normal bright. intelligent Amen-
can girl will gladly and willingly per-
`fect_ herself-in domestic dutless.
DAINTY BANDWICHEB
wiches that will doubtless prove a wel-
come addition to_ the school lunch box
f -br irl: -
0 tgltixel-)§syndwfches.~ Slightly butter
thin sllcslnf whole wheat bread; mois-
tea chopped olives with mayonnaise
dr-esslntgud spread upon the buttered
slices: read other slices with cream
_Fruit sandwiches-Cut bread, white, i
sandwiches. putting them together so .
Add few almond cho ed line. When
The marmalsde, of course, requires no
spread a layer of honey. Press two
f|.4-sister
Tile knowledge of the individusl`1
of cattle, but there is more difference t
breeds, than exists between the breeds.
that matter settled we are compelled t
out of which we expect to evolve our
future herd, and secure in whole or
in part of our living. _
STUDY OF INDIVIDUALS PROFIT-
ABLE.
thc daughter of n poor cow, even if r
cealed by the small results from the 1
rest of the herd. The very ilrst tiling t
is to make a study of our cows as
individuals.
Having discovered the comparative 1
care of the calves than we should if 0
0
I have written tllus far ill a very 0
possible to convince the average man g
year to year. milking them alla raising n
their calves without any knowledge ot' n
more than an ordlllary cow some day. 0
her every day when he is at home.
There are a number of helfers in this 1
to make them objects of interest to 0
ceive much better care because of h
The writer has become interested in n
some of them himself that are miles 0
knows the cows ,and the sire from
sontial to know her in order to feed 8
in n general way. people who keep I.
cows feed them to sustain the body. M
from which to produce milk. There is f
a wide difference in cows in the dispo- C
sltion of the food they consume above y
plus`food products into fat, and add it 0
to their weight. Others will produce 5
more and more milk when the ration
is increased, and there are cows that I
will eat. and ent and oat. and what 0
they do with it no man has ever yet n
written or said.
The longer l feed cows. the more l l
edge of them as individuals. There
too much. They are of the class that
untII the limit is reaclled, and do not
carry more flesh than they should. no
matter how much is fed. But those
cows that swallow' their food and give
lteii.h»l=~fiesh nor milk in return are
not to be trusted to eat until they are
ready to stop. They must have some-
one to think for them. If the owner
knows his business he can often make
such cows pay. - _
A gentleman.told me some time ago
how he managed one of these _other-
wise unprofitable cowsi' I-Ie was a
member of the cow testing organiza-
tion orgsnised ia the United States.
One of his cows lacked nearly two doi-
lars of paying for ber feed in one
month. During the next month he re-
duced her feed to the standard dxed in
"The Hecker Tables" and sbs made s
-_- roflt of over a dollar and a half. if‘
Following sie a few delicious sand- ‘ge had known nothing about this cow
as an individual she might have lived
on, losing money for her owner for
years. »
FEID THE GOOD COW LIIERALLV
=On the othdr hand, the great pro-
ducer fs often injured by seanty feed-
' _ ‘id_ ir." I . A f y lntarioe ace
°P;==&n@§:?&¢i op nfgesbly, mobaselrlmz “V63 ilsgmlfade Je?-se
Serve on lettuce leaf between buttered flies of cows I have ever known. In
white bread. fact
brown and graham. as thin as possi- pure-bred _Jerseys, but could not be
ble. Use tour or five pieces in each registered.
that the colorswill contrast. Apple was three years old. A pretty good
butter, peanut butter, honey or jam. price for a grade at that time. She
spread thin, may be used as filling. ` was giving 35 pounds of milk per day
Fig sandwiches-Chop one-fourth of which probably tested 5 per cent. I
s' pound of figs dns, add one fourth of saw
a cup of water, cook to a smooth paste.. ed
I. DD
cold. spread the mixture upon whole no _
wheat bread. Raisins. dates or marina- was all right when I got her, but she
iade may be used in place of the figs. is not worth a cent more than my
cows, now that I have tried her out.”
cooking. "How much did you feed her?" I asked.
Fancy cheese sandwich - Spread “I
fresh bread with butter over this answer.
Similarly Bllilllell PiB¢°il together and was his. No cow, good nor poor, can
serve nt once. ' make “something out of nothing." The
*m--*_-~ good cow must be fed more than tho
, _ , _ 1 \_ \ average cow, because we expect more
from her. The man of whom I have
' D written did not furnish this valuable
. heifer enough food to enable her to
 gvfork the machinery for the production
KNQW THE |Ng|V|UuA|_ borrowing from her body for a time,
_.i she refused longer to honor the
` checks which he drew upon her, that
cows in the herd is one of most 1180- where she could still sustain her body.
essary things in the programme of the 01
successful dairyman. There is hardly prom from her than from 11|; other
a problem in the dairy business whose cows, png; if, was his (ann, If ne nn()
solution does not rest in some mens- given her the raw material out of
ure upon the individuality of the herd which to manufacture the product, she
Much has been said about the o0m~ would have justified his faith in her.
paratlve worth of the different breedalwnen no pnid for her n nlgnnr price
in individuals of each of the great any grade cow;-in our neighborhood.
it is well to decide upon some breed experience ls, do not feed the poor
and stick to that decision, but with cow too much, and be very sure not
to turn our thoughts to the individuals T.
H
if W0 ill'0 I0 i"llll0"° 0"' ll‘”"l by broken all records for fat production
better breeding, we must discover our not only for Iyofesmns 0,0 ,hom of
lleili COWB- We U0 l_l°i Wm" 1° 50 °“ nil other breeds .by producing in 305
i'roIII your to veur Illulllly gilesilillg- if consecutive days 24,t12 its muh coh-
we are to build IID our herd Wo Wim* taining 1,116 lbs butter nn. she fresh-
the helfers from our best cows. We ened at the age of three yem.s_ mm.
"dll il-il’0i‘il I0 miie il great deal °f months and 14 days, and was bred by
Duills i0 lllllte ille Veil' 5°(-'il C°W9- We Mr. Bernard Meyer Finderene, N. J.
Cilllil0i ll0ll9 fill' Kfeiii results "Um The test was made under the sppervis-
o
the sire is a good one. If we have no eight different mpervmons were em,
Niilly 8004 COW* ill °“i` held- We ployed ill the conduct of the test. From
should know it as soon as possible. the amount off produced any com
Perhaps we may have one or tw0 potent. butter-ma er could make 1302
COWB illiit We Of Smal- Vallw- but “fe lbs butter durin the _vear's test. This
have never tested them and so their cow is Said to _“V0 increased in
splendid performance has been con- weight 250 |bn_ now weighing about
I0 do if We are t0 build “ll °“l` herd' bove all other cows in the world and
makes ber the World's Dairy Queen.
W0i'lll °f 0“l` WWE- We “im breed me ginning of test) in milk produced her
best ones to the sire that will prccure own weight in butter and gained 250
the desired results, and knowing their |08 in “ve weigmrand as she was only
origin, we shall naturally take better 0
we knew nothing oi’ the worth of their furmor _0|.0°g._0f§'i{‘hg`, w0n,|9|-fm lm.
ililms- ‘ ' provemeut posslblein dairy cows. An
_ I I Ill I I ` I. I' I I ~
DEVELOPING -THE INDIVIDUAL l‘.I'g"fl'.‘e .°§.h§..°?.§§l’l§.?r¢¢21“§.?.T.’}.
Sfllleflll WHY- bl" I Wish li might be human food, must be classed with the
who keeps cows ot' the difference be- m,.y_ (aspthe president of the H_ 
iweell Simply keeping il l‘°"d f"°m Association stated at the recent an-
them individually. and breeding _and fm. the benem of me human mee in
feeding those cows as individuals. recent yem.s_ I would my -.wireless
'l‘llo writer has in bis barn just now Lelegmphy- and the 30000 lb cow
u heifer that llns a rigllt to be wortll This quantity 01-mnk has been given
Ile knows this, ami so ho is watching supe,.v,si0n_
n
community that are born well enough bm two was won by Holestehl cows
their owners. These helfers will rc- in c0mp|e1e,l_ Fm.,he,._ an the dairy
illeii' 80011 breeding- won by Holstein or their grades. In
away. He is interested because lie |,,.eed_
important for the breeder to know the m
cow ns an individual, it is no less os- Them are to be found fumes _of 200
her properly. - - m
age of $140 a cow, and is~an illustra-
wllicll they descended. But if it is Hommd 0,. America has produced
"lid “U “"°"““°9'°b°"° this “m°““t the better class of Holstelns under
a
ows and helfers to qualify under
the natural requirements of their bod- I 14 007 0 _ _
ies. Some wilimanufacture the sur- €;1,._av4e Tgfrg old' 14_;;'s kmimf  
both fat and milk. and others will give and 440 bum”
sland" can breed and raise thc equal
f any, I will site four yearly records,
, ll made by helfers from the herd of
Lea & Clark's Victoria. "Ruly Nicy" 3
M~<I~<= THE I=°°II <=°w IW .i3‘.f.’§._"2‘§..i‘“.§’.'i,.i§.'.'i‘?..'“2~'.i‘l.$.33 "".i’-_..’.‘.’§
n .
“Ml lr P ": -e _
realize the necessity for more kuowl- I2_208s;l§(°g6§r|)u"egf'" i 5 ar” 0'"
are some cows that can hardly be fed 790 mm( 516 bumm _
kee right on milking more and more 226 mm( 617 bun”
, I have not yet seen a poor animal
n that family. They were practically
He paid $75 for that heifer when she
himtllree. mouths later and ask-
him how the heifer came out.
I was cheated in that cow. She gives
more than the rest of the herd. She
fed ber as I did the real," was his
Of course l told blln tllat the fault
milk up to the' limit, and so after
s, she reduced her milk flow to a point
course, he was making little more
han had at that time been paid for
The lesson to’ be learned from his
o feed the good`cow too little.-W. F.
_ in Michigan nrrner.
?f`_*_
“Tl-is DAIRY QUEEN."
lily W. M; Lea. Victoria.)
The Holstein heifer "Finderno
olingero Fayne. No. 14,4651, has
n of N. J. Agricultural College, and
450. This wonderful production gives
his young "Holstein cow" place a-
This cow besides going nearly
wenty times ber own weight (at be-
little over three years old this re-
ord is certainly` most remarkable,
n the farm, into such an immense
uantity of the most nutritious of
reatest roductlon of the 20 tb can
ual meeting). If I was acquired to
ame_ the two greatest achievements
y a llolsteln cow under "official"
21 dairy, tests were held in Canada
1914 and the biggest place in all
nd in the two mentioned no Holeste-
erd competitions in Ontario were
early all such competitions have
een won by this wonderful dairy
The County ot' Oxford, known as the
ore milk than any country in Ontario
cres selling over $4,000 worth of
ilk at factory prices in a. year an ave-
on of what can be accomplished with
vorable conditions 629 Holstein
early official test gave as aged cows
utter. 3 years old 12.314 milk and
12 butter. 2 year old 10.560 milk
And t.o show that “Prince Edward
ado
Nettie Rocker 2 years old class 10.-
Beauty Rocker 2 years old class ll,-
Tbe "milking instinct" has been lil.
fused in the Holstein cow, by hllnd-
reds of years of careful breeding, long
years, before the improving of domes-
fic cattle was considered ill any other
county, and this is why these cattle,
as a breed, are uniformaly heavy milk-
ers and prepotent and impressive
breeders and are being so generally
used in all dairy countries. 2000
breeders now belong to the association
in Canada alone, and it was as late
as.1888 that the ilrst cattle of this
breed were imported to Ontario. Whole
counties in that Province now al-
most exclusively use this wonderful
breed of cattle. And while it is unl-
versally admitted that I-lolstésa are
the largest producers of milk' 'and
butter of any dairy_ breed a few ap-
ponents of these cattle-try to make
themselves believe that they do not
produce as economically as do thus
favorites. This has _been dlsprovsn
times without number. in fact sll the
lfeoord work of the Cow Testing .As-
sociation in Canada have shown that,
the heavier the milker the cheaper
they produced. This rate held true in
the r nvestigstion, and ls well known
'and at Truro Agricultural College the
year heifer gave over 75,000 lbs milk
--2-@_._.___,._
HH*
THE EARLY CHICKS.
Leave the chicks in the incubator
until they are 48 hours old. Supply
plenty of fresh air during the time.
Remove to brooders thorougrly
warmed and dry, with a hover tem-
perature of 98 degrees near the out-
se y
have the proper temperature. plenty
we give is fine No. 11 mica spar grit,
ed before them in such a way that
fore them from the start.
Eight pounds of rolled oats, to eight
always before them: Three pounds
Between the ages of five and two
the exception that at this time we cut
cut down the wet mash feedings to
c n e ter and
the dr m b l tb h
bove is a very popular method of feed-
satlsfaction. ,
aring"of early chicks the
following factors should be remember-
watching, fresh air and sunshine. ex-
lmal food.
When we first place them under the
away from the hover and become chill-
ed. We teacb them to find their way
In the Winter we aim to keep the
higher than in warm weather A tem
place of the hover is about right. We
_high enough so that when we look at
chicks will all be near the edge of
the hover curtain, and the majority
ture should not be so high as to drive
the chicks entirely from under the
hover.
brooders. covered with a hinged mus-
lin covered frame which we use as the
weather dictates. We believe in hav-
ing the exercising room, too, cold and
sweet smelling. rather than warm and
ill-smelling. After the chicks are
three or four days old we allow them
to get in the sunshine; previous to
because until they know their way
- s be
cause at tbla age they are apt to get
chilled.
We make our chicks work from the
start, and after .the filth day all the
grains are fed in a deep, looso and dry
litter. We use oat or wheat straw cut
into three of four inchlengths and a-
bout three inches deep, the ilrst week.
six inches deep and second week nine
inches and third. and after that 12 in-
ches is not an to d . W
o gets well down
for every particle. On- pleasant days
around about noon we shovel away the
snow. throw down some straw in
front of the exit and allow them to
run outside for a short while, watch-
U18 them for the ilrst few days. So as
to get them back into the haver as
soon as they begin to buddle.
onssu Poop Foil cl-licks.
Very fine. and scattered on the litter.
This is fed sparingly at first and in-
creased as the chicks l
om mod is ex
cellent.
We feed a little animal food from
the start in the form of sifted beg(
scrap, mixed with the dry mash mix-
ture. We do not believe in allowing
thecbiclis to have access to a dish of
beef scraps all the time. because some
°i-' "Nm llliielr to have an unnatural
liking for it. est too much and contract
bowel trouble and diarrhoea as a re-
to-all careful d i men. d tal
ment lately -is:szi-ay eil: alibi" 'ei
" _ hs fa _heir f llbo. sh __ X
 sglilpeegsor with T212; deszfszldarginlrtaslmisge -of tllsgssinfzm-
i \I . I
i . a r iw .
¢'» wi 1* -1
pqrfslonul has st ousws givin; fs
1 _ . , »
. ' ‘
suit. We test all of our beef scraps be-
fore feeding to our chicks by pouring
The milk dishes are scalded twice a
Get -Ready for Early Eggs Next
ly layers. Hatch your chicks froln
THE BREEDING STOCK.- Breed
only from healthy birds, Select a
pen of one-year old hens and mate
them with a good vigorous cockerel.
Mate one male with ten to fifteen fe-
males. Mate these for breeding about
two weeks before you want to save
eggs to incubate, and do not allow
THE I_\JCL`BATION.-If less than
natural means. Arrange to set. hens
Bet eggs as fresh as possible, and
8
Dust the hens with insect powder
Set several hens at the some time,
Ii the incubator was not thorough-
a better place for the incubator than
mac inc ever made ulil not
ones below.
again until tb's is d
ing the first pant of the hutch Test
y as " 9 °pW"' The “` twice, on the eighth and seventeenth 2
germs.
If from accident, eggs become cold
do not throw them out until you are
i\'eep chicks in the incubator twelve
ed; proper tempemmre_ careful to twenty-follr l:lo_urs aft.-r _iJsu‘b, h
and clean and disinfect machine be-
ercise, green feed, cleanllnms and an- IU” Plltthlg in Oth" 91289- '}
BRf)0DI\G.-Have the brooding
coops ready before the chicks have
hovers we watch them carefully. the. hatched; thoroughly clean and disin-
ilflli few days. so they do not wander fcct. 2.03 at three, ,by Echo Todd, 2.14%,
Outdoor brooders for incubator
chicks are not satisfactory early in
EF.
temperature, if anything, a little Have everything Warm ‘md ready ll
for the chicks, with the heat up to
the bent under the hover about this
than too little. If chicvs crowd give
their quarters rather than lessen the
heat under the hover early in the
for the first few days of the cbick’s
life; feed sparingly and preferably
dry. (See Exhibition Circular No.
_iii
Bran is not appreciated by poultry
raisers as it should be. It is rich in
protein, but not' rich in carbohy-
drates, hence cannot be classed ns a
fottener. It is so great a regulator
of the system that it keeps the fouls
in good condition and ready to rcs-
tbat process is started.
that which is rich in shorts, midd-
lings or low grade flollr. This is all
wrong. I always prefer to purchase
the dry, flaky bran nzade from Spring
wheat. It comes in one hundred
pound sacks, packed by machinery,
and is not only of better quality, but
is so much easier handled than in
bulk.
The bran from the Winter wheat as
er,, but'it is not only poorer in pro-
tein, pound for pound, but being hea-
vier or more solid, you get much less
bulk for your hundred pounds, and
bulk is an important part of what
you want. The white bran when wet
becomes panty and that is the form
it assumes in the hens' crops, and is
distasteful to them. Select the dry,
coarse. flaky bran.
Now the question arises, bow to
We feed III little sreeu feed every ireod lt. avery why. 1 mtl more or
day from the start. For this we like -if dry than in any other way In
°°bb“5° “nd “ mtl” °lll°ll -Gill illl every pen in my houses is a dry food
hopper that will bold fron-_ ilve to
to eight. pounds.. In these I put the
weighed it you will find that 8 pounds
of bran is quite a bunch. If your
hens are not accustomed to it, they
may need a little eoaxing for them to
eat it at first. Mix a little wheat or
corn with the bran 'and they will l00ll
learn. You will be surprised how
quickly they will eat a hopperful of
it.
The way I feed it to the chicks is
by putting it in shallow boxes. I
have them standing around among
polling water over them and noting the colony houses where all the chicks
- ’ ' .  “;'»"5;l.»'I5‘ '..-II.. ._f;-l_-r;.`L.- .--7.»'I~==i `   .  -I  '- - - _  .   » ' ~ ,  _ l _ . ~  "1
-.~"""  I-f~ 'I . _'  law -_+ .-ff. - _  _.I-~t-'f-r-h  - ~. - -  \ ' » - I “ -~ - f I - ~ ~ ~ I < ' -
10 year average for the three last, the odor. After the second week, lf can have access to¢h¢rn_ 1( it "inn
and three poorest cows of ll dairy we can get it, we keep adish of sweet- on
breeds show that the three last Hoi- milk before them in addition to the
steins made $12 each. more net pro- drinking water. my
‘ fit T year thian their next nearest com- in rearing of early chicks we lay nn
pet t on an the hree poorest Holste- great stress on the factor of cleanli-
ins, made $22 each more profit than ness. We clean under the hovers every chopped Mtn' equal parts-'by want'
l'
them it does little harm.
Then I use bran as a basis for all
soft foods or msslles. Ii: gives
lk. Mixed with _corn meal and
their next nearest competition in this other day. and the exercising pens are 'Sgt bulk_nnd pmperly mum' 
c}a;ls.;i.n;l wlaige notl;l;lg ionczusive is :_i_eaned_:l_ut once a week. We disinfect sc A ,
c a m or t s com rat ve `est' yet oroug y after ea li l ani . Th f
10 years is time enough to give _'each' feeding dishes and (drililrlng lifguntaing gddm' and y°“ im" “ "°“d°"“"Y
breed an opportunity to make good, are cleaned regularly once a week. “
out live to fifteen per cent. of bei!
D meal or granulated beef scrap
e dish for your iowls.
Bran costs me in the winter near
productive ot Holsteins is even more week and washed out each day.- I-‘. thirty d°"“'° Pe' ¢°“- If it °°l'“*
remarkable 5 cows including one 2 W. K., in Michigan Farmer, ilii-Y d°ll8l‘B H lon. I should at-ill use
it quite largely, for with eggs at live
in the year a. net profit of $100 per- cents each I can afford to give my
bead 30 other breed has ever odlcial- p0U|_-|-RY hens a variety of all desirable foods
ly ma e any like showing. __ that do not cost us more than two
and a hall cents per pound. If you
3 __ /_ _ ._ 0 _ __ Y “,~im_e,.___0n1y early chicks make can have never fed bran to your hens,
give it a trial and you will be con-
 six to seven months before you want Vi""'°d ‘lf “B great "'9~ll"’~`A- E- V-
_ - eggs; therefore, get things into
H$%@H@I  shape for en,-ly in¢n|,ag,i0,,_
1 THE TURF 
TUR F NOTES
The Horse Review Futurlty, for
“de of haven The mst few days ‘in Male birds to run with the rest of foals ot' 1915. rcccivcd 007 nomina-
the brooder we e to it that the U15 11003- ilililil-
Walter Cochato, 2.02%, goes to the
of fresh air and sleep. The ilrst feed one hundred chicks are wanted, use smilie ‘lf Hilffl' ii9l`SUy lie!! lllollill-
Two noted horsemen passed away
fed so they can’t help but find lt. Then in house by themselves. (See Exhibl- last Wed(-C' H' N‘°'i”‘"’ “nd Fred
water with the chill taken off' is plac~ tion Circular No. 1). Dietz'
Miles in the neighborhood of 2.10
they can not get wet. We keep a dish 1 t _ are getting to be common at Los
of grit, charcoal and oyster shell be- ;&;;g _let them become chilled before A039195 ililil Pli°llSi1ili0ll. Cul-
Tho porposed lnotch between Lee
Axworthy, 2.03, Peter Volo, 2.03l,§,and
THE F|R5T FEEo|NG_ before the chickens hatch- I']Ii1W8.Il, 2.0314, \\'0\lIt.I [19 "$01118" F1100.
The price paid for the Sheepshend
Fm. the nm, “ve days we reed the but be sure they will Stick to husi- ilay race track wllicll will be convert-
fonowmg mfxm,.e_ Bignmy momened ness before good eggs are put under ed into an automobile course, was
Wm, B00, skhu_m||k_ "ve times 0 day: them. _ $2,240,000, of which $200,000 wus t-usll.
It is reported that E. .l. 'l‘rantt~r,
pounds of bread crumbs. two pounds ly cleaned and disinfected before stor- lll'*‘Sl‘1@“i Ui ill” i"ilSi€-Tllliou C0.. hull
of sifted beef scrap, and one pound of ing oway last spring, do so now, and bought W0 m°“" s'°'m°““ 7°' Bm!"
bone meal. ln addition we keep the run it several daysbefore the eggs mem ‘° R“’“"t “nd Wm Bm” 'l“`m as
following mixture in .shallow sprays are put in. A well-ventilated cellar is "im" il” possimo'
A thrco-day nlceilllg :lt Deliver. Col-,
of cracked Wheat_ two pounds of une d t _ on July 6-8, with substantial p\lrses,|s
cracked c0m_ and one pound pmhead U-F_;'f;o:_f>0l;_lh;lDBmi§_i:_}ncturers_ d___ec_ intended to attract the stables on
00tmea|_ We scatter “_ "me green tions but do not for __ ____ t ____ route from the l anama-Pacific meet-
food over the cracked grain mixtures. bust ' h- _ ge _.R e ing i° Cie"ei‘l"‘i-
Siliko's record of 2.08%, made after
' bring healthy chicks laid by weak he was ex orted to E '
wee we 1 ed I D lil‘DD€, IB 110W Oil
graigsmixtuie igltieamrgrqixiccericgsg stock. Do not allow damp chicks _to the official records, although his name
instead of keeping it before them in drop i“t° the “une” tray" If the "" does 'wi apfiear in 'he im °f 2'w
dishes' The mash mfixture we com cubator becomes too full it is better UOIPFS ill l0iillll€ 30 of the Year
-tinue feeding in the same manner with to 09”* the d°°f and Pilf the dry B°°k‘
Homer Mc., 2.06% the pacer from
it down to three feedings o. day. and ln Cleall Bild illl file llllllll fegulilrly. wesiem Cunada' that "cleaned "D" 1"
addition keep the same mixture dry but after. not before you ba-ve turn~ the 'Q-e laces, last winter' “mrked if
always before them in self-feeding ed the eggs. If the lamp smokes, take "mil" 2064 at L” Angeles 1"'
hoppers. When they are two weeks off the heater and clean the fines, W°f!`jLI;e ii. entqred m the $20900
old in order to economize in labor we and do not attempt to light it pau d an mnclscn'
A. S. Rodney. of Baden, 2.05%,
I d _ 0 I ' 1 009- _ fame moves to Poughkeepsie this
_.,2';e“g,§,’,', §,‘§§m’;“ 25 thfefging 'he _ Do not lsr the eggs. espwslly dur- week with neurons. 2.07%. Dick
Watts, 2.15%, Lustrous McKinney,
11% Miss Clement b .loc P
_ . . _ s. y atch-
mg cmckm and has given universal days, removing infertiles and dead ell, 2.01i,h. and three youngsters. `
There is n persistent rumor thai.”
the free-for-nil pscers, Annu Bradiiord.
ESSENTIALS OF RMSING cH|CKs_ during the latter part of t_be hatch, 100%- “ml Fmiik B0K3Sll~ -ll'~» 159%-
ny leave thc Murphy stable. the first
l
In me re sure the chicks am deal ___ named going to Mr Geers, while Dick
n
McMahon will have the geldillg.
lt is said tllat. Lon McDonald will
ave the fast three-year-old, Colorado
Range. by Colorado E. 2.03%. Geo.
l. Estabrook, of Denver, Colo., owns
thc youngest. and has mapped out n
Grand Circuit campaign for him.
The four~yenr-old, Colonel Echo,trlal.
will be campaigned this year by Ray-
mond Snedeker. ills nanle was form-
back to the source 'of heat and do not the season. A small hover I cad - erly Colonel Todd. but has been chang-
allow them any great distance from side a weu'_bum_ colon hm,i;e“ié  ed to Colonel Echo for registration
the hover. t ' Y 0
urposes.
()ili¢- llflclfinncy, n f'our-year-old
lnrc, by lilcl(inncy, 2.11%, owned by
'illinln Cahill oi' New York und ill
_ . ' \\
perature oi' 100 degrees in the warmest 95 to 100 degrees Falll`-- and ke"-ll lc stable of \\ H Lecse, at the
il ~ '-'_ _ _
Porkwzly track. will he flitted for nn-
catch the chicks more than we do the iielllDBl`l1ture for several weeks. Bot- other calnpaign this year. She was
illerlllometer. We aim to heat it up ter too mllch heat under the hover ruccd at fcw times lust season.
The (lovernlnellt reports say that
them the last thing at night, the them more bent; if they punt, extend 175,000 horses have been exported to
Europe within the last eight months.
Tile estimated value is $32,330,183, or
of them sticking their heads out from ,enn0n_ an average oi' $202 n head. I-low long
underneath the same. The tempera» Heat and quiet are most essential can wc fumisll the re aired t c at
il yll
thc roto oi' more than 20,000 a month?
Unless misfortune prevents, Dol
Coronado, 2.09'/-Q. will hc credited
with at least one lnorc 2.10 trottcl'
Fosen Ain Eessnrlai.. 120 this ychr. Princess Louise. 2.12%, it
daughter of the son ot' McKinney,
We believe in givl hi k ll . ,, 2.11lA_ne t' tel u lie in 2.10% in
the fresh air possibl;].gV‘ifl:ar lfavg is Iit- BR"\~\ FOR POULIRY a go In ( m
tie opening in practically all the -_ nt llivcrsidc, Pal.. on St. Patricks
matinee mcc over n half-mile track
Day.
GRAND CIRCUIT PRO-
GRAM AT EMPIRE CITY
The National Fair and Exposition
Association which has n len years
mls time We deny them this privilege pond to the fnttening process when lense on Empire City llnrk, and which
opcraics the Greater New York Fair.
back to the Houma bf hmm th The qnnugy of bran is 0 point-tnnt has nnnoullced its early closing purses
np; to nndnn-, |n me Bunlmm etgyfgg causes considerable discussion.» Most _iilli _U10 Grull;:__fl:ouSlt _nle_t{__t_l:_1|i,_;_t;__li_f_
to get wnrm We never ,mow 'M _ people in selecting bran will coose ““ “\"i~l“”" ' " Ci’ en ' '
colloist of six races for a total of
$15,000, entries to which will close on
Monday, April 20th. The Empire (‘lty
'Frilck is the sixth member in tht-
Grand Circuit line, and follows thc
big meeting' nt Montreal and pre-
cedes thc (`llarler Oak Pnrlt meeting
at Hartford. t`onll.
The races announced include Tho
Greater New York for 2.08 trottcrs,
purse $5,000 Tile Manhattan. for 2.10
y 0 .- . '
it that the gram 1. ode” 8 “ee t° made in most mills looks much llch- trottcrs. The lxnickcrbockcr. for 2.0n
trotlers; The Broadway, for 2.08 pav-
crs; The Star Pointer, for 2.03 pncers:
The Great Eastern Handicap. for trot-
ters with records ranging from 2.01
to 2.25. All of these purses are oi' u
uniform guaranteed value of $2,000
each.
This program compares favorably
with that of any other point in the
Grand Circuit, and the National I-‘air
people intend to make the New York
meeting one of the very greatest in
the big line.
‘Several match races are now being
negotiated for. among them a race be-
tween Dlrecium l. 1.58, the champion
race horse pacer, and William. 2.00,
gpmuted oats free “_ 'ml' ° "_ dry, fresh bran, and if you have not his greatest rival Another race now
d . .
in negotiation will be the bringing
together of Peter Volo, 2.03% the
champion two and three-yearold trot-
ting siallion. and Etawab. 2.03%. the
champion racing satllion. These races
will attract s great deal of attention.
and the one between Peter Volo and
Etawah will be of especial interest.as
these two horses are now follr and five
years old, respectively. and there is a
grcllt. difference of opinion as to which
tt‘o_ntinucd on page sixteen.)