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nw.. g me “mir News cHAaLo'r'rE'royv_N CANADA SATURDAY, JANUARY 6 191.. mor on im. {,m.-i..*.t°.r.ii*..“§»i‘aia #Min
M R WILLIAM A PINKER TUN Describes the Amazing Results Achieved. by This Met/rod of Identification W/rich the A Y
f0al¥risht 1911 by the New !ork Henid0o Ol rilhh reserved.)           a  41”" >
face?"
The lilsdker was William A Pinkerton,
present head of the great detective agency
that has made the name "Pinkerton" syn
eaymous with detective" from Hong Kong to Ohi-
clso-aad that soea both ways.
I l°°|‘°41 N U10 Diwtogrsph he handed me lt was
that of a bald, bearded, roughly dressed man, ot mid
41° lie There was s shitty look about the eyes, a
suspicious twist of the cruel looking lips, and it did
"Ol require much thought to decide that i did not
like the face.
‘I don't like it, looks like s crook,” 1 hassi-ded. It
seemed to be s safe lllels for one who was talking
with Mr Pinkerton
".l‘hst's what he is ” replied the detective, "and he
“°°'U'l 100|! BUY better in this picture, either, does he?"
He handed me another photograph. There was the
same slrlfty eye, the same cruel lip, the same bald
forehead and stubby beard. The gentleman did not
improve “Don acquaintance, and I said eo
"Here’s another," said Mr Pinkerton passing over
a third portrait. I was really disgusted by the sub-
jer‘t’s appearance by this time. Those tricky eyes and
that cold blooded mouth were beginning to sdoct me
unpleasantly ¢
Wouldn’t like to meet him in s lonesome street,
would you?" suggested Mr. Pinkerton 1 admitted
that I would not.
Don’,t know as I would either-that is, not all of J
them You see, those three pictures are photographs
of three entirely different men " Then he laughed
You needn't feel ashamed of being deceived, he
continued The likeness would deceive any one
There ian’t s detective anywhere in the whole world
who if told to pick up the man whose photograph I dren
showed you would not arrest either the second or the
third it he niet either of them and be perfectly sure
that he had the right man And until very recently
there was no police department in the world that
worildn’t have tried to fasten a crime committed by
No 1 on either No 2 or No. 3 had they been arrested.
d have been perfectly honest in the attempt.
EE this fellow, what do you think of his
!:>
"And now '--
‘Now it's diiterent,” replied Mr. Pinkerton 'It has
ways been known that 'doubles’ existed It is sn old
saying that ‘every man has his double,' and there are
plenty of cases where three men, as in these three
pictures, look so much alike that it is impossible to
distinguish their photographs But there is one physi
cal characteristic that every one possesses of which
double so tar as human experience goes exists
ind that is --
That is the thumb print" replied the detect!
‘ee here" He passed me three small pictures-
nrere blob# of black, for-mless and vague looking af
fairs
This is the thumb print ot the man whose photo-
graph l Dist showed you This is the print of the
second mains thumbs, and this of the third. Do you
see the Filter-on(-e 7'
it was as plain as the nose on one’s face The dr-st
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mrr|r’s thumb was coarse grained, with lines and ridges _-,_,
sei far upart and the central wborl ot the simplest pos
sible type The second man’s thumb showed very
iuucir liner lines, with a more complicated whorl, while
tirut oi' the third bore a transverse scar that confused
the lines and rnade the impression quite distinct from
either of the others
It is not an easy task to interview Mr. Pinkerton
That doesn‘t mean that he is noi: one of the most
al'l’abie and courteous of men, but merely that he
duesirt crave newspaper notoriety But he was fairly
launched on a subject in which he is intensely inter-
ested. and after some persuasion iinally consented to
talk freely and for publication
Onginated by the Chinese
“Thr thumb print method ot identidcation is one ot
many modern inventions that we owe to the Ohinese,"
Mr Pinkerton went on "For hundreds of years, per
haps thousands, the merchants of China have used the
impressions of their thumbs instead ot their signa-
tures I have seen it so used myself, in the interior
of China, where each merchant or other person who
may have occasion to sign s document keeps a cake of
ink at hand for this purpose. And in all the history
of Ohins it is said that never have two thumb prints
in use throughout Great Britain, and every man or
woman who has ever been in custody has his linger
prints registered where Lhe police can iefei to them
at any time
A great deal that has been written about the de-
tection of crime by means of linger prints is merely
imaginative and highly colored work of writers of ro-
mances But not all of the stories thus told are raise,
by any means 1 uae \ery much impressed ii few
years ago with a case that was brought to my attention
in London
‘ A baud of burglars hrrd been committing extensive
depredations in n London suburb and the police could
get no trace ot them Finally, in one house in which
they got a great desi of plunder, they helped them
selves to wine from the sideboard before departing
In the morning the only traces ot their visit were the
looted sliver chests and the empty wine glasses on
the table. Fo unateiy the police arrived 'before the
serviiints had ceaned the glasses, and oy applying
a light, adhesive powder to the glasses brought out
and made lainiy visible the linger prints of the en
tire band' he lingers of the burglars had left enough
oily deposit on the glasses to cause the powder to
adhere These prints were photographed and com
pared with the police records The identity ot every
one of the criminals was immediately revealed and
sil were arrested and convicted.
1 Jn’ ' ’
phggggragiiriy Misleading Guide, These Being
. Three DiFl'ereni Persons. Their FingefPriIifS BC!°W
_ . ¢-u--i fund. ,
“ad”rlrugiiiuiihiioiiise oi’ tho iliirrrrii prliri #pri-url illiv
 or india. where iz wris udorilvd iilillly .'~‘“'1‘=‘
rm ying the lndlridiirii members 'Ui' WP °“"'°
||l‘|'l|l|v|\ ;;¢‘|l1\l'ill
lrllrgiarr I-'ii lrlil
\\'lric|r Nriiriig ui'
rr [by .the Britlshluliitury authorities as a lDL'““5 0' chrirrcc
Photographs oi the "Same, but of
Differentiate Them.
sreiuoa Li irrcnrrncrrnmr
lninii was robbed. The
piece ol paper lu
wi-upped. On the
oi’ ii s Identity this
“Supra riflor
police and the linger rluts
[wig who look' so much alike lirdt white mea ill" .stood too, was arrested mmf con-
. _ 1,
'"'¥°q~&,m| Ar-`¢'r?i|a"t‘i'»"c'irl:"w°?r:i iioolgvanigtmlll- xg:
ml in. lit iid b thumb pignts as ii means of identi-
V1” `"e‘e;r:ers. Eilkliih 0i°°"|‘|» fifllflliilliai from iiidl:
J ., ~ |¢|#p¢¢|uuu|»mfr1»Mp:»ri§:ra¢n;:; =r‘ilu|:§,.¢m1‘
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vieted.
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The Thumb Print Method of Identification
Is One of Many Modern Inventions That We
Owe to me Chinese
"1 could tell you ot hundreds of instances in which
criminals have been detected and idcutiiied through
finger prints A year and ii halt ago s pickpockct was
arrested in Chicago He uns clearly an lrlriglishmiin
who had not been in this corrutry long 'i‘lru police
were unable to get any history oi' his record l got
his thumb prints and sent them to England By the
earliest possible return mari we rocoiwii three photo
graphs of the man, with ii ionrplole irl~i|.rr of his
criminal record It had taken just ilie rnirruies to
learn who he was when the hnglish puilre saw the
thumb prints.
“A few years ago ii burglar, making his escape over
an lion picket fence, caught ri ring that he wore in
sucir n way that when he leaped he tore his iiirgcr oi!
and left it sticking in s crevice in the fours \n lin
pressiou of the anger was tain-rr and courp.rr<=ii “ith
the linger print records ot' erlmirrnls ot his class l
a iew hours the police had found thc iunu they sus
pected, and his linger was missin,
It is not going to be so ensv to detect uivy rr vrim
inals by this method in tire future, for so gcui-rrri has
become the knowledge irirrong crooks iivrt firrgvi prints
arc dangerous claws to ic.uo lrohlrrii that um roiiliv
iirst Lines criiikerrrnii or for';:i~1 rro\\ \\oi\i~4 glin os while
at his work Rui il' Meri pi-r~orr uiro rf. uri-“toil is
registered lry nieriiis of linger prrrrls it is rroi going to
be dltflcuii. to lilciiilfy him li irc i-vor gots irrio lroriiile
with the authorities again. for his iiirgi-r p~irris \\iii
be iornpnrcd with those iogistorvd on prciiorrs occii
sions .md ihi-is will be no cliriirce for him to pioril mis
taken Irlentliv
“I h'|\o boon nciirc for ei-rcrni vcnrs trving to get
tire \r|iionnl ilrrrciru of ldentlilcirtiop, of uhlcir i nrrr
one or tho Board of Governors, to ndopt ihi< ~\~il<~ni
iiriorrgiimiri ilre I iriii-il Qtntoa Sonri- of our rir<-rrrbers
uirn no ri~<inir rho Ilcriiiirrrr sssicrn irlue iworr in
llnwi io In m-r~|iiiv:ni i‘\ii iiro iii-riiilorr ~v~iiciir,
iirorrgir usifui ulron ii-rv <»|ri-fully .ind rurrrrnioiy
irwii rs il ririr lo rill iiriiiii of 1-irorw
Bcrtrlion s System
lim iiliou fi rrrotirofl of iilcirtltii-rriion conslsis priircl-
[|:\i|_v in r-r~i'irri|r irrirrrilo |rrcrwllr'r~irrc|rl~i oi’ r-uriuiir |\:||‘is
oi' rin- |»o<i_v_ sriolr ns ilio i'l;:iit our, loyrctirvr- wiilr n
rcf.~ur'<i of iiio i-oiur of hair, i-_vu.~:, .nv Now, any sys-
icgn |ir:ii iicpcirds l||rnrr viii-miumiiiiciiis is, likely lo go
wrong wireuever iire |»cr.~<u)i doing the iuc:i.~rur'iiig
innkcs an error. A single nr-ror ruins iire ru-vrrr-ncy
of thu outirr record. Anil those iirlnirkos duo io Iririiinn
Inaccuracies, which must always be reckoned with.
occur frequently.
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'l declared that the world was not big enough to
hide them and redonbled the clitoris ot our men to
iind them 11; was practically certain that they would
so back to their old line of work, so I decided the beet
may to catch them would be to keep track of all th
yegg burglaries Wherever a yegg was arrested, any
where in the United States, I sent one of my mem,
armed with the photograph and Bertillon measure-
ments or the two criminals, to look over the prisoners
and see ii' they were Rudolph and Collins.
One day we were aotiiiod of the arrest of fill
yeggmeninesmsiltowninlansse. Amantem
our kansas onice went to the scene. taking with him
the Bertiliou clerk tram Kansas City Police Head-
quarters, and the measurements and phetoaapb of
Rudolph and Collins. The pictures looked like the
two men, but the Bertillon measurements tailed in
idvnufy them, and my msn was uncertain, because,
as I have just shown you, and as every Grpsriéloed
detective knows, photographs are deceptive We had
to have the msn held until some one who knew then:
could go to the spot and identify them wlthou que;
tion. Incideutaliy the identiiicstion was made, and
Rudolph and Collins were hanged. But the point I
ern making is that it might have been proved impossi-
ble to hold these men on the Bertillou measnrementn
010110. while it the lager print system had been used
“icy would immediately have been identiiled Withoul
question
“The use ot the thumb print for tdentidcatinu ier
mildly spreading. Every gum state prison asia
Nllitentisry now usa it, and no escaped prisoner can
evade identiilcatlon. Ho may alter his physical ap-
pearance ail he pleases-he can never alter the im-
pressions oi' his finger tips without empumting all his
flmzois In the United Braces Army the linger print
of fury enlisted msn are recorded as a means of
idcniiilcntion in case ot deserilon. Even the oiileere
have recorded their ilnger prints in the War Depsrh
ment. In time of war this might prove to be the only
way of identifying s body found on the iield of bat-
tle Thousands of unidentified dead who perished in.
the civil war might have been identiiled if this sys-
tem had been in use, and many a man reported sim~
Di! as *missing* might now be known to his familyfl
as having perished with the honors o' war
v "I received a letter from the War Department req
eenuy asking me whether I omgirc it advisable mi
NKISIGI' the linger prints with every new enllstm
I replied that it made little difference, since the In
prints never changed but as the records are
made and take np little room it might ss well
done.
'There is a great advantage to an agency like sup
in the use of ilsnger prints for identification. We
11° Yisht to photograph prisoners whom we
we can me their mums in-mis. Tires, cw, tiruusmb
of criminals are arrested in small towns and piled
where there are no facilities for photographing diem,
but My school bay can inks their anger sq A
photograph ot a criminal or a suspected ‘
useful in putting the police ofthe whole 'R' gg
their guard, but the wrong msn is likely to be, and
often is, arrested by some too zealous pol man wb
is looking tor glory or s reward and has landed a 1'0-
semblance between the picture and the man he ar-
rests If the thumb prints accompanied the pictures,
I person eosuspsctedeouldclesrhimssitinetsntiyit
innocent.
Mark Twain s Novel.
“Mark Twain laid the wirnie truth about linger
prints before the people of tho United States nearly
twenty years ego His novel Pudd ahead Wilson(
which was dramstized and had 1, long and popular
run, was based on the plnln tact that linger prints
never lie. I told the English authorities about Pud-
d'nhead Wlison,’ ot which they had never heard, a
row years neo. and they were intensely interested. I
sent some copies of the bool. to some of my friends ot
Scotland Yard, and they decllred that Mr Oigmgng
had gone into the subject in the most thorough msn-
ner
| There are such dramatic and romantic possibilities
in the finger print system that I wonder that more of
our writers and playwright: have not utilized them.
I happened to meet s rising young American drnmatisl
in London a short time ago and took him to Scotlan
A f t ti Ch les ,
<1<'lrumi5c?l?1e¥,eav=sa{gotmi?nd) kllZill{»d0xi,»(yntvi:;iesyeggilrIi-n, Xara' wh°r° I 5h°W"d mm |°m° °f U10 H1108! |550
\\iiiinrn Rudolph and George Collins. ut Union, wie British police have done with Unger prints He was
l put every available man on their iriiil and they were ,mum
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{l<>ri?ii4tu1'l.‘nlitei‘ii at.lht§;“;ve¥eml;onsggeiinllffuillncldvigiiou T° tmnk °t "'11 tm. dmmauc m"‘t°“'u right \"|~d9l'
system and placed in jail awrrrrrrrg mai irtiort min our hose! for years. and sono ot ne our touched iw
cases were called they broke jail and escaped
he exclaimed."
 
Horse for 97 Cents
'l‘ was n Prixrcetou Uni\ onli; sport who wns tnlk
ing,
Did you ever hear," said he to a bumlr of \ew
iurlrers at o bohemlim table il huic, rho iruo rrrirra
iir c oi' how W H Edwards, Uomrrrissiouer or Sireet
Cleaning for New lurk city-largely kirnwu as Big
liiil, irrrd no infringement on i’re~iiiicrrt 'l':ii'r s irobri
i|uot»-bought a horse for irlrrviv ~o\~-ii vorris’ \ot
nr.uk<-ii down from a dollar, oriirir .Nor \\ oil
listen When the aforesaid ililiiiirn was i-lr~rrnlrr|_ rrp
iire curriculum ot Prlnccioir lrrirersln sorrre _itirrs
ago there was n big and lr\i~rl\\' \ova Svoti I bwihriiriu
nirmrai Donald Mackenzie Matfuriy eil dolrri; tho some
tiring some grades lower
hiiiifudyeu will also a boss iooiimil tainriio .ind
oir the sirle vias tlltdrliig il tool over lit l.lil.i'\\oml but
not in i‘oi\tbnil clnssiiis lie uns irurrillng tiir yorrilr
oihi-| krrrds oi’ moutnl piibiiiurrr mid in i-rriirii ri \rrr~r
||o~ i»w:r|\ io Irina ii house to Irrop up \\iiir his youiri;
cimrgi-, so irc ireloliiliod ilu: rurrt ol our from .liriill
ll\\\er, the woll kllnun .ii\i'm-\ lror~rorrrrrrr This ini
nriri \ us iinrrrod ilriiirir. rrrrrl |'\|i ri one rirm noe-rr
iiirrrprr ilorilds iiuosi polo porn l iii ho lrrrri uni li
bui k lrr the |.iri~i-_ nhl \\i|r-ir r Ir-irw in-is iiriri irc ;.<-is
out it lr-r|r\r~\rri~1l ilrvri-loro liril i\\\\<-r hiri i iruiib
rn lr\r-rr iiri- iirsi icsnri oi’ iiro rrolnvsi orprirri-1 \
iirii Irv, ulisrr '\iu\'i’i\¢i\oi| mm .rlnlrig i.rri.<-\\r..»ri, I
.nm ind:-ii hi- uoriiii hui ilriihir, ro rsirorrr lro lr iii In
f in r\i|\ i iii ruii r L rrlrr lr -riii I
with Irinr io uw im this gn-irilrrm if rri-r-r-.<<rrr'y, inn irr-
vidi~rriiiii_v it\ iilrc him in olirel' .~§l\rii»~rrt.~i :ind lirus ziiiii
lo his iriroliro. lid paid l|\\',\'¢-'I' S`.'.'\ 41"" i‘l\"|i f'*i' im'
lim-e-o. iiri-liuilrrg tho irirckod km-e-, rrrui rorii- irrrrr iromi-_
“_-\i l'|'l|i<~ei»|r (Irv iiliieiicciiriri :\`iriru~<|rirr|'r.~ wars too
irrru~ir lor. Ciriihli and he did rr- .. pr-o\'~» rr iiirrirr\_~ln_i
»;rri»r~o~is. 0|: it itil ht have been iris |»ur#i.oil lun-o. In
rrrry i-rent. Min.-fiiciverr offiircvl Irlirr for sale. hm tirdie
\\':|s no rush of ,llil_ti>rs. Soirrr-|,|.»\\' .Iii-_v were on to
(Thuiib and lima lmrc of his. liiri evi-r-_\-iro<i_y rvnitifft
and pri=xcil`ti_\' iii Rupor. ilu- 1-onoli. rom- to tlreiil t
and offcreil io purchase ii’ the horse proved 1ntlsf|\c~
r .`»- In I . 
at cz College Raffle
wry on demonstration Mac hrrd his doubts about
expecting too much of Chubb brit it was demoustra
tion or no sale, and Roper rode away. But not for
long 11|- was a sight when he got bpci, ga fb.
etirbio, Chubb having weakened in the knee and Bill
having gorro over his head. Nothing but Min.-‘s sise
sim,-il irrru tram an untimely fate, and u,..»,b ww;
bin-ic into his stall
i-‘om-ii at last to ilcsperaie measures Niscfadyen
iirr'iii_\ put Chubb into a raiile, one ol those running
up from one cent to $7 a Llriiirie, or lrouevur high it
lr.i= io go tu onrrbic lho miller to lricrri. N eu on thi
pur.'lr.i'~e mniroy licio lil iilli npporrg U" gn,
sr irro, .ind being ir iuiigo of lror~o tlesir iiiril iiiring the
Ira I ~i ot C-iriilrb. u iio put up rr gorii trout, rimum, M
dlrlrri we-igir rrrxivh more ilriu the ilorrrinhiloiri-r does
rri-\\ lin took ir tiikoi out of tirc box and ru yruiubsr
rr or iriuoi1\ sorerr iricrrrrrrg that the holder hm] to
rrrrie up rr iri~l'\ sei on write or silty u r
iiui Wiillnrrr the Grout w.r~i ir iid; t<;(ufrimei.iilii`imir.o
irrrriisd o\i\i the ~irr|ir rrorrri|r.rtcd in the build. Then
ri- wuitod iii eirgor rr.\n-i~inii\) till the ilr.i\\irig nnq
in-lrold tire rrrri,lt.il rriiir ir such won the horse und
\\i||iurrr tool. irlnr \\iilr hirrr to his room or qomg
rims
liow mnnv ilinos Flrrririr full doun with his ng*
oirirri or wiiirt oiiwi |miirr‘irl irrciilcnis iii ioiriiegtign
unir ilrr- lrii hui irrrr-ri rrrrr\ lure otrurrcii is not
|i\.rtli-r of piririit irecurii. lint birirliir could have been
lrmlulrr vircrip inigliiy soorr oiior Lire rutile if aiiyliody
hrorrrril Princeton irrul unrrir-ri irlur.. l.iiit'noboiiy iitd,
.\'\-Ilher did his u\\‘ir~\r, lirrt ilriit was dlil`ei‘eiiL lie
Uliilill lN“"' irrirseruted .llrroirrilycn for obminmg '
money under firlsc pr~cii-irrtos, hui' rrlrreiy-rev.-u sun"
for ir hor-sc uvoulii lrrrvo hor-rr rr lrnril wish hi ||a},d;.
As l‘r-iirvotnir oil'ur-oil iro rolls-l‘, Wiliirrrrr -|r| rpgq g|m|,h`
Y" -\'¢"\’ \`0I'\»l. iiilt not to cirier lrlin ui thi- ilorle Shui
-lust \\-init roi' rroborly irrrown. but ii wus reported
Annro time inior tlriit he had swrippod the horse til A
Long islnirri rnrnici' for a yellow dog and had tntnsl .
thc dog over to the tender nrorclon of the I. P. p .L
people. ' `
"lint that hun nothing to do
i\_i. l§;it\:’i‘r°ilr. ilirrirririiisioiror of
.`MV 'oi' C ly, lwllglil it iiursii fill* »-1,.
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