' “"1 i: L‘ ‘n- w >1 l‘ 0 ‘r ‘ v1 :8. 9 w r Ah :1 rd i111 , rr a in , a I ‘n ll w. ‘er 3*" 1G m. Hi m. i .'l .91 in n! ' 3t rr I- I8 1e no: H1109. - » “i -<<->'<v- .- .. ei-—Al5a-\l.i\mfl§" he,“ §pi\-§. And _EIGHT THE MHARLOTTETOWN GUARDIAN j EEIEJEIEEElli]IEElIEIEIEJIE@I@IEIEIIEIEJIEIEIEJIEIEJIEIEJIEIIEJIEJIEJIEJIEE a 1'9 llO\V f‘ DE QIEEIEEIIQIEIIEIIQIEIEIEIEEIIFEEJE business. F‘ f] L3. I] i» yzi "qqva-iI-‘IEII-ill-sl ,,_L;_...__.._..._. ii] On T \_V. C. T. U. l NOTES J STRUGGLE '8'“ NOT TNlEUGHT AVAILITH’ The two verses wlrch Wlnstlflvn Ehurchill quoted at. the closecf 11% roadcast. Sunday are the tuollas pf the following poem by A: Hugh Clough, an English Doe vi died nearly slxty years ago. say not the struggle availeth, The labor and the wounds are ' n naught W1 ' ~ t r iaileth The enemy fain.s n0 . n0 mo); And as things have been remain. n hopes were dupes, fears may be liars; It may be, in you smoke C011- ceale . _ four comrades chase 69h 00W the fliers, m And, but for you. D0559! e field. For while the tired waves, vainly Qegirtialligb’ no painful inch 1° Iafralirbtitck. lzllgglliih flea“ “d ne s mfl Comes silent. n°°dlhgs in, the, main. And not; by eastern windows only when daylight wmts- mm“ ml me "gm, ‘the women l?!" Canada lln one ' 11 b. .1 , week's time, cy go a1 out n "},ol,,f,°'§§,,,,.f$i’ sun c m I WW icarncst. can make a demonstral- ' ‘ . ‘ th ‘ t l; th But lr\\"f3€'t\\'(1l'd, look, the land is éltglxilntny-alt dglxlxotsrlgeerillgihixriythm; b‘ = ~ spectacular, anything that calls for {i} ‘mass meetings, flags. parades; slow- I" ' Ioon-wru. DAY. MAY ma l With the world at war. why talk ‘ ‘bout good-hill? Jesus ltrd nuti His life on earth as a vi u 0i’ a.‘ countrv which was n fill .ct na-| mm With seething hfitzw-rl of thr- eonduercd for lllf‘ rnn'l"t"-'<‘T “Hi ‘round H=m_ H, sly/YIN‘ ciui-unvillyl or ppflpg and jn,\'_ ctr-n when ll"? crossywas vcliv ""1""- ll" WM" mm m, king 11151. the will o.’ In: flcawu- lv Father will ruln ah» mrt l That y God's gtlodivll for u'l!‘-"‘l ‘- ll'~‘-""*' may/b‘, dQIQVPd hv mm! 0T1 will | ‘but not flnnllv frurwrnwvl. l God ever hriniri infill "Wl "w" out. of injustice. nnrl differing. Till‘ Jews were Sr-atvrc-zl hv rumour"? if‘ the ends of the "crib. §"'5ll"" trade evenrln Afrlrn ll“fl Sp I“ I But the trons Jew mnrlr us‘ lL-i quent a plldrlmwov n" -*.n'=-"1 ‘ Vi". the Holy Cliv and tho Tlnlll-P- fllerflfnre the‘? wow Jews ‘row "ll countrms ln Jfwlfifllflffl ht. ~|».- winc- over when (“lrlst died, and ovcn nn n n d," M- p-nxtnrvwf who v-n-‘rvl the news of H's W" "'14 '*“'llh l" a" u», ynnum Why'd. 1"." "PW til‘- nmrn” ,.¢ p". vfnuw w-iwl >0 carry he gospel news abroad Thc-i ‘hcl Universal Rcmc" F.“~"~“"‘ """""““l free rnrvr-o fn- m" (Inqvsrvl. ".p.-vu- red‘ hv passport“ 0"" ""il"""l “via-wise, v-I-"re lb" PM“ "‘ Em‘ Wre there W" “Mn ""‘ "MT" N“ WW‘ whr-q- |wY‘1"‘""P """‘ ‘Hi ‘"3’ . ,_ , an“ m "m "m" n: (un- .l Irv lat Grepk was the imlvortol "Y"’-\l"”" o’ commn-cp nrvfl trawl‘ Th“< J.‘ nnnv ev-Ptnq a PM" l" ‘f ghmen at Rome, used the Greek unnuwc. God use, 9v," "flirt-rm rlrmim- olhflfi H! Kmllmm- ANNOUNCING Opening New Business Premises Corner Queen and Water Streets it is with pleasure we announce that we located which have been especially designed to nlect the rcquirenlents of our expanding in our new Ilaving indomitable faith in our Prov- ince. and recognizing the value 0f enjoying the fl'OO(l-\Vlll of our Staff and 0f our clientele, we have provided a bright and attractive office and a large warehouse equipped with all the modern conveniences which means that our operating: cost of doing business is IVtlllCPLl considerably. This Saving we Cladly Pass To Our Customers The lnain office contains a rest room, supplied with Wl'1tlll_-‘.1' and reading lnaterlal, for our out-of-town friends. You are cordially invited to call and inspect our new Business Home, where a friendly welcome and efficient service from every member of our Staff awaits you. DeBLOIS BROTHERS @LEIIEIEEEEEIEJEIEIEIEEEIEHEIEJIEIEIIEIIEEEIEIE QEIEIIEIEIIEI MRS. NELLIE L. McCLUNG “Last April, Will Hays told us. the motion picture producers, whom ‘ he represents, became aware of tile ureat number of drinking scenes in movies. At that time they took their first steps to reduce them solely for plot or motlflcation. Since then, at subsequent meet- ings, the problem he; been dis- cussed, and a petition with forty- flve hundred names was presented through the Radio Guide opposed to unnecessary drinking on the screen. “Now good intentions are being supplemented by action. We hear through Hollywood that the Hays. office has sent an order through to all studios that. there must be no more drinking scenes. Pictures will not. show liquor-drinking or drunks lo create atmosphere or amuse- merit." That came as a surprise and seem almost too good to be true. Tl e moving picture producers are evdently more concerned about public welfare than some of us be- lieved them to be. To keep drinking songs off the radio has proven a difficult task. The C. B. C. has a clear regulation dealing with it, but quite frequently someone breaks out with "Pink EIephantH-and nothing is more irrevocable than a spent radio pro- ilfflffl. ~ Today we are facing the cris‘s of our lives, and the angel of God hi! come down to trouble the waters of our complacency. I know many women are feeling Just as I am. "We have not yet resisted unto blood, striving against sin," but if we are ever going to make the su- preme effort, now is the time. And grins or speeches. They have their ]7la"0, but are disappointing ln their effect. Canada L1 spending one hundred and thirty million dollhs a year on intoxicating liquors-and make no mistake bbout it, the thinking peo- ple in Canada are worried about this. Not only over the money. but over the secondary effects, the by- nroducts-the accidents, lmss of la- bor and efficiency, ‘re family quarrels which follow. There ls n0! rt problem in Canada that ls not intensified by the drink tlaff‘c. We cannot afford to wash a cent in Canada, or one ounce of energy. or one hour of time. I am not ad- vocnllng any legislation-we have been too prone to lean on legislation for all our needs. I am telling the women of Canada that in one week they can reduce Canada's rlrlnk bills if they slon buying or serving or using anytlfng in the ivny of an lntoxlcant. Not only that l but they can reduce accidents. The women of Canada can make it smart to serve coffee lnsleal 0f cocktnPs; smart lo be sober: smrwt to be thrifty. They can create a new fashion in hospitality. That great airman. Ernest Mc- Nnh, told us on tl"e radio recently that. airmen have too serious a job to drink. A split second dvldes life curl dea‘h. "Never once," he said. " have I had to tell mv men not to drink. or to atop drinking." The Brewers have given us a lend, Now let us consider these l facts: NATIONAL TEM'“"R/\N(.‘E STUDY COURSE The following P. E. Island nsmu premises 5|IEEIEIJIEIIEEIEIEIEIilfilfilIi]EllIEEIEEIIEEIEEIEJEIIEIEIEIEJElEDEillilIEIEIEIEJEIEIEIEIIEIEIIEIEIEIIEIIE@@IEIIEIIEJEJEI 111g WEEK at SD. U. Lectures of the second sunester ended yesterday, and term exrmlna. lions begin in full swing today. A genezal meeting of the Stud- ents Council was held on Wedllefi- day. Following a review by Presid- ent. Jack Tramor of the work done by the Council during the past year. the students discussed pans for the more successful flmctlon- in: of the organization. At a. recent meeting of the St. Dunstarfs unit of the C. F. C. C. 8.. ' the following officers were elected for next veal‘: Resident 1". P. Ayl- ward; Vlce-Presldent-Joseph Mc- Leod; Secretary - Ronan Mac- Donald; Councilors —- Alan Mac- Mlllan and Andre Casgrain; Rev J. P. E. OI-Ianley, Ph. D., is faculty adviser of the unit. A fifty-page Report. of the C. F C. C. S. Convention held here at the beginning of March is being published by the Maritime Regional Secletahlate and it 1s expected, will be off the press this week. Softball; A very lnterestlnz soft- ball league is nearing on end. The Juniors have gained an Overwhe m- ing victory over- the Seniors in the sgnd-fnals, and now enfs 3e the High School in the flna . Three nine-mung games between these teams will decide the winner of the 1941 chrunpionshlp. Tile fol w- ing is the fne-up of the High School Softbdl: team: Rev. W. J. MecGul- gen. Mr. T. V. Holland, E. Hemphill. P. Steele. H. Murnaghan, G. Mur- phy, 0. Bernard, A. McEntee. J. Morris, J. l-Iaughey and Alex's Kelly Captain — Henry O‘Shee.. Mr. Alphonsus P. Cempbdl B. A '37 who recently returned from I-‘crdham Unlversit, New York City, and who is vis’ lng his parents before leaving for England. where he will occupy an important posi- tion with the Canadian K. of C. War Huts visited the College on Monday. Hllderlch “Brlck" Gormeléy of the P. E. l. High anders, whose College course was interrupted last fall b a "call to the colours" was l v tor heqtdllrlng “thewweok. appear 1n the Dominion prize list: JUNIORS (10 and ll Yearsl-llrd, John M. Crab, Middleton; (4th) Olive M. Craig, Mddleton; Florence McLeod. Harlsvllle. SENIORS (15 and 17 years) 4th. Frances Rogers, Bedeque. Honor- able Mentlon-Davld Scales. Pree- town; Dorothy MacRae, New Wilt- shire; Mary WrlBht. Bedeqllii Marguerite Brehaut, Charlottetown. How many ople are likely to be dcctnvcd by t e delightful logic of your advertisers, vll o announce:— “Malt, for digestion; Hops, for ap- petite; Sugar. for enerxl’; Y9"?- for vltaftw-(therefore) Beer L1 Best"? Let me suggest one exactly almi- lstr:—"Sal t. pe tre, for preservm ?lllplllll‘, for pure blood; Charc . or powder Ls Best"! Prank E. Quick. A smart. novelty suit LI. a plaided woollen 1n beige with coral and marine blue. The plaid is larlle I01’ the jacket. _ _ _, __ _ . the struggle of the people of Great some Mlllar MacFadyen. Dim MacDonald, Chief Superintendent o! Education In attempting to explain the term or interpret the significance- of Democracy, one realizes that. the task which may seem simple, is not easy. but rather that it is ex- ceedlngly difficult. And yet, is it not reasonable to expect that every pupil who graduates froln a High School in New Brunswick should be able to give a clear, accurate statement of the meaning and significance of the term Demo- cracy, and have an appreciation of Britain, and later of the citizens of Canada, over a long period of years, to obtain the freedom, the liberty, the rights andithe privileges that are now enjoyed under British Democracy? In a. Foreword to "Education for citizenship." Oliver F. G_ Stanley writes: "The decay! of democracy abroad had led many ' people to the conclusion that if those democratic institutions which we in this country agree are es- sential for the full development of the individual are to be preserved. systematic training in the dut-les of citizenship L; necessary, and indeed such training has long been practised in one form or an- other. The conditions in which we llve today and the problems that confront us call for a fresh em- phasls lu the work of education on the social and clvlc responsibilities which lnevitaby await the ln- I telligent citizen." ‘ The statement of President Lin- l coln at Gettysburg, "The Govern-, nlent of the people, for the people.‘ and by the people" is a generallyl accepted definition of the demo-_ cratlc society. which. consists of a r number of persons who assemble l and administer the Government in person. British Democracy is dynamic in nature. It has two fundamental principles, two out- standing characteristics which C. c. carrothers terms, "The Supre- , macy of a central authority and the supremacy of Law " THE CENTRAL AUTHORITY In Great Britain. the central au- thorlty consists of the King. the House of Lords and the l-louse of Commons. In Canada, it consists of the representative of the King. the Governor-General; the senate; and the House of Commons. The cen- tral authority or Parlalment has the power to enact. and power to repeal laws. Acts are introduced dlzestlon-ttherefore) Gun-l into the House of Commons, which body consists of the representatives of the people. Thus. laws that are enacted are in accord with the wishes of the people. If the laws passed are not in accord with the will of the people. the Government THE ED UCA TIONAL HORIZON —-A SA TURDA Y F EA TURE- IMPROVEMENT IN EDUCATION ‘I'm: column l: conducted by the Prince Edward Island Teachers Federation Committee in charge: Ralph MacLean, zllplla Llnklcttel and Harold Lawton. We welcome contributions which should be addressed to H. Lawton, Charlottetown. DEMOCRACY By. A. S. McFAltLANB, MA... LLD-v and cannot be imprisoned unless he has broken one of the laws. In a. Democracy. we are free to think. to search for the truth, to express our thoughts with the pen or with the tongue, and yet we have a duty in this connection in that we must not say anything thatls seditious, treasonous, or blasphemous. We have a right to gather ln public assemb- ly. Provided permission has been obtained from the lawful owner of the building to use lt for a. public gathering, and provided the ur- pulse of the meeting is not aw- u Another Public Right has to do with Martial Law and the Army. Martial Law is invoked when a ne- cessity arises to maintain order be- cause the Clvll Law has been un- able to function. But Martial Law cannot replace Civil Government. As soon as order has been restored. Martial Law must cease. and Clvll Law again takes control. Citizens‘ rights concerning the Army are that all ranks shall be subject to the same laws and to the ordinary pro- cess of law as civilians. In fact, the soldier is subject to greater ob- ligations than the ordinary citizen. as, in addition to being subject to the ordinary laws sovernlng civil- lens. he is also subject to military PRIVATE RIGHTS Acts of Parliament which confer on the individual Private Rights protect him from being Injured or harmed by a fellow-citizen. A citi- zen has a right to his personal safety. and to the society and con- trol of his family. No man may harm another with impunity, and no person may disturb the friendly relations than a man may have with the members of his famlly.. And yet the father of a family has outstand- ing duties and responsibilities rest- mg upon hlm. He cannot abuse or m suse any member of his family. l-Ie must clothe and feed the them- bers of his family, give his chfdren an education. and have them pro- perly cared for in time of sick- ness. Another ‘Private Right of the citizen is the right to his reputa- tion and immunity from damage by fraud“ No person may publish or utter anything that. tends to lower u person 1n the estimation of his fellow-citizens, or cause him to be shunned or avoided, or expose him to hatred or ridicule. The individual lS protected. and has a right to be ‘pffll/GCECG from anyone who would lmake a false statement, knowing the statement to be false, that woul induce or cause one to act upon that statement to his detri- ment, Another Private Right that a citizen enjoys in a Democracy is the right to ownership and posses- may be removed from power by the free vote of the electors. In addition to this legislative branch, there is an executive branch, which consists of the Prime Minister or Premier and his Cab- inet. The Prime Minister is the leader of the party having the maj- ority in the House of Commons. and hlg Cabinet are chosen from the representatives of the 960F19- to whom the Premier and his Cab- lnet are directly responsible. If the executive branch does not act: in accordance with the wishes of the members of the House of Com- mons, the Cabinet can. by a vote of want of confidence, be forced to resign. Thus, ln a. Democracy, as the Cabinet is responsbile to the members of the House of Com- mons, and they are responslbe through the representatives of the people to the electors themselves. the people in the final analysis have complete and undisputed con- trol of both the legislative and ex- ecutive branches of the Govern- ment. LAW The second fundamental prin- clple of our system, the second chief characteristic mentioned by Mr. Carrotherl. is the supremacy of law. No man can be punished, no man can be made to suffer in body or estate, unless he has brok- en one of our laws, and not until- the fact that he has broken the law has been established in the ordin- ary legal manner, before the ord- inary courts. No man is above the law. Every man. regardless of his wealth or position. is subject ‘to the ordinary laws of the land. ‘and amendable to the jurisdiction of the ordinary courts. _ Moat of us are disposed to think of laws enacted by Parliament l! restrictions superlmlwfled from without by some intangible far away body known as the Parlia- ment; whereas, in "a. Democracy, laws are restrictions which are self-imposed through our repre- sentatives whom we have chosen and elected to seats in Parlament we often lose sight of the fact that every right and privilege ac- corded the cltlzens of a Democracy has its concomitant. -a distinct duty or responsibility. ruauc RIGHTS Now, these rights and privileges may be classified under two head- ings Public Rights and Private Rights Public Rights concern the relation of the citizen to the slate. Private Rights deal with the relations of citizens to one another. A Public Right. with which all are familiar. and about. which all have views and are free to express them. is taxation and the expenditure of public money. The collection of taxes and the expenditure of re- venues are matters entirely within the jurisdiction of the House of commons. and hence of the people. wrhus, tax that are imposed upon them are ctually self-imposed. and are those which we wish have imposed. Every right is accom- panied by a dut ; hence 1t. 1s a i duty, if not a pr vllege, of citizens in a Democracy t0 Ply mm- Another Public Right ls the rlsht .to personal freedom. freedom o! thought, freedom of expression. freedom of public assembly As 1 have already said. every man has “w right; le m; personal freedom} slon of land and goods, the right to _cxcrclse all the ordinary privllege.<_all" and ‘"5"! of a citizen in pursuit of his liveli- hood, ln the use of streets, and public highways, and various public servlces. A man has the right to own an automobile. No one has the right to take that automobile and use it. without the knowledge and permission the o w n e r. The owner of the automobile is protected by the laws of the land. and ownership and protection place upon him duties and responsibili- ties. It is his duty to see, before he drives along the road or street, that the brakes of his car are ln good working order, that both lights are working. It is his duty to obey traffic laws in respect to DOM; speed and position on the roe . THE LONG STRUGGLE The pupils in our High schools, irl addition to knowln and under- standing the constitu lonal set-up a Democracy, the rights and cracy. together with their duties and responsibilities. should have a knowledge of the long struggle of the people in Great Britain to ob- taln these rights and privileges, and of the sacrifices that were made by our forefathers in order that we might enjoy the liberty, and the freedom that we do en- joy ln New Brunswick today. It is scarcely necessary to say that there was a time when the P901918 01' Great Britain had few, if any, of the privileges that we have today. The road that was travelled to obtain them l; seven hundred years long. In early times. if a King wished money be extorted it from those “who had it. Those who opposed his will were placed ln prison without iflfll- Finally. the Great Council of the Barons organized a rebellion to fight for what they considered to be their rights. King John was de- feated at Runnymede and signed the Milena Carts. June i5. 1215. It contained sixty-three articles. They formed a measure of John's delin- quencies. He had been an oppressor and a robber of the church. hence the charter contained provisions for its protection. He had exhorted money from the barons without the consent of the Great Council. He had infringed the liberties of his subjects b casting persons into dungeons an keeping them there without trial. Every class had suf- fered from his tyranny. and every class had its rig ts defined and safeguarded by this great national doiuiiientiia t l th o n no sgn e Magna. Carla because he believed the bar- ons had a right to the liberty which they demanded. No sooner had he signed the document than he be- came enraged. disregarded his promises and pledges, sent to the Continent of Europe for hired sold- iers. and fought to regain the rights that he had surrendered. He died within the year. The struggle end- ed for the time being. This great Charter marks the transition from the age of traditional rights, by which the Kings had reigned u to that time, to the age of wrl ten legislation. and it established a y English Constitutional As the ears passed, th l. 1 between t e Kings for theefil- tlonal rights and the people for their written rights continued. LEventuslly, John‘: successor 1 s taken awn , go many of the ople’! rights faolil them that tl-lopgarons again rebelled under Simon de Montford. The King was defeated on the Sussex Downs near Lewes. Both he lnd his son were taken prisoners. Simon do Montford drew up the Provisions of Oxford and summoned l. Parlaiment. met in January, 1365. Thl first time that members selected by the tradln and commercial classes we're alowed to sit. with barons, bishops. and abbots, and marks the beginning of the House of Common; as it is constituted at preseglt. The struggle betwee l the King and the people continued. King Charles the First so disre- garded the rights of his subjects and levied such heavy taxes with- out the consent of Parliament that he eventuaiy lost his head. m the reign of Charles the Second the l-fabeas Corpus Act was passed, in 1679. This act prevented anyone from being kept in prison without trial. Ten years later, in 1689. the Bill of Rights was passed. ’I‘hls denied the right of the sovereign to levy taxes without the consent of Parliament, or to keep a stand- ing Army in time of peace. It also guaranteed to the people freedom of election to Parliament. freedom to debate in Parliament. Four years later, an act was passed guarantee- ing the freedom of the press. As the years "passed, radually ad- ditional rights and pr vileges were granted to the people and 811"" L CURRENT privileges of the citizen in u. Demo- ‘ Brldgehead-Defence position do- ’ mlnating or covering extremity of bridge nearest‘ enemy» Contraband-Goods of such char- acter as to be liable to seizure by belligerent, almost anything that can be shipped. Blitzkrieg -In German “bl1tz" means lightning and "krlleg" means war. . Jerry-British nickrlame for Ger- man fighter or his plane. Panzer-German for \ armored. Thus tank division becom Panzer Division and an armore ship a Panzerschlff. _ _ Pom-Pom-Nlckerf-Maxim auto- matic machlne cannon. firing one- pound shells from looped belt, or a similar weapon. Sometimes multlple-barreled. The name comes fromflthe drumming soupd of its re N-allheafl-A point 0n a railroad in the theatre of operations at which supplies for troops are un- loaded. - Shock Troops 1- Men specially selected and trained for attack and assault. a Skua. -One British version of dive bomber. Takes its name from gull found in European coastal waters. Designed for over-sea fly- ing from aircraft carrier. Two-seat. monoplane, single "engined with controllabe pitch. three-bladed pro- peller. Details of armame t secret. Maxlmfilm speed at level f ght 225 m .p. . Luftwaffo-—Luft meanb aerial or weapo or arm, hence German for Air roe.‘- War of Movement - A war of rapid maneuvre; mobile wgrfaro. War of Position-Trench or siege warfare; stabilized w rfare. ‘. Torpedo aelf-prgbelling, cigar- ' shaped exp‘oslve mi slle launched by submarines or other war vessels and torpedo planes. Carries u to 500 pounds of T.N.T. in he dw ich is detonated on impact, ha cham- ber compressed air that‘ com- bines with tuel for internal com us- tlon. turning water snot er chamber in o steam which drl es Propellers. Range up to 21 n. tn diameter and length usualy is twelve times diameter. Capable of sunbeds up lo as m. p. h. for 4 miles. higher speeds for orter distances. At lower speeds tor-| pedoes have ranges up to ten or more mfes. ' cf various Torpedo Boat-Any Drlmarlly- designed sized warcraft for launching torpedoes in rurgce tow ds‘ fast p- attacks. Modern trend is small "mosquito" boats for preaches to target and swift ge - way. Smallest are not more than motor launches, carry one or two argadoes. Top speed about l0 Torpedo Plano -Alrplane d sign- ed for launching tmaedoel a so; targets. British savor lsh l; t lc . Swordfish-British triple reat seaplane, biplane to o center, bomber and reconno terer. Can carry bomb load or 18-inch torpedo that it launches by diving almost to water level. Has fixed gun that files through propeller and another at rear cockpit on high-speed vari- able mount. Maximum speed, less than 200 miles per hr. U-Boat - German submarine. icomes from Unter-secboot. A war. 5711 Idlllted to submersion by ad- ml ting water to ballast tanks and using horizontal rudders. Carries deck gun but principal weapons are ‘ 901118 oes. fired when submerged or afloat. Latest and types displace about 1.300 to 1.. 300 tons and carry sixty men. French surcout, world's largest. now in British hands, dis laces 4,300 tons. carries 15o men an la equip- ped with two eight-inch guns and ' small seaplane in watertight deck houilnx. ‘Den knots is about top speed submerged. Diesel engines Drovlde surface propulsion and electrical power provides undersea propulsion. ~ RUSSO-JAPANESE PACT Japan and Russia. traditional foes in the Par East. signed, April l3. 1041. s neutrality pact. The four-point pact says that Russia and Japan are to respect ENGLISH ‘The following passages appeared‘ ln the Entrance papers for 1937 and 1040: fa) When we fancy we suffer from the lngretltude of others. it .a from self-love that we suffer. (b) He did not know that the earth is round is proved by the lhabe of its shadow. (c) If I am elected to the ma or- olty. I shall seek to discover i all the taxes of recent years have been collecte if I do offend wealthy 5e- llnuuents. ta) Remain where you are 1n the morning untll I order you to returnl to headquarters for further iu-| strontium. , .. .. . , . RUSSO-JAPANESE PACT most popular, \ OM89; lhll. PRESENTING NEWS AND VIEWS OF INTEREST TOATEACHERS AND ALL OTHERS SEEKING m1 anteed by Acts of Parliament, until . - finally in the year 198i. by the Statute of Weslmlnlstter, the Dom- lnlons became autonomous com- munities within the Btmplre, equal ._ in status, in no way subordinate one te another, though united by n. eommo allegiance to the Crown TheyJorm a unique league of ln- dependent nations —t.he British commonwealth of Nations. 1t is the task of the teachers of the Public Schools of the Province of New Brunswld: to guide and di- rect their Euplls 1n resell , re- search wor . and study. untl they have a fair knowledge of the mean- ing of the democratic way of lfie, and an appreciation of the long and severe struggle of the British peo- ple to develop and maintain demo- cratic institutions. We enjoy, under Democrat: , racial liberty, political liberty, re gious liberty, freedom of thought, freedom of speech, freedom of public assembly, and such in- stitutlons as the Church and School. the Houses of Parliament. and our Law Courts. The pupils n! our schools should be led to realize that these and numerous other privileges. which we enjoy, were bought at a great price, that our forefathers bled and died that we might inherit and enjoy these fundamental rights. and it is our duty to see that these rights and privileges are preserved and handed down to those that come after us unimpaired and, if possible, en- hanced in value. HISTORY each other’: “territorial lnviolabll- ity" and each will remain neutral in case one of the signatories is the object of military action on the part of one or several powers. Such neutrality ls to be observed throughout any such conflict. Each, guarantees peaceful and friendly relations" with the other. It is effective for five years and is renewable for an additional five year period unless one side or the’ other denounces it a year before ex- piration of its first term. | A separate declaration, signed along with the pact pledges mutual respect for the territories, of the Japanese-sponsored state, Man- choukuo; and Russia's protege, the Mongolean People's Republic. The document. was signed in Moscow b the Soviet Premier, Vyachesla t Molotoff and the Jap-, anese Foreign Minister Yosuke Matsucko. . The Japanese newspaper Nlchl Nlclii views ,the matter in this fashion, , "The secret of the world historic significance of this pact lies in the fact that they make the Soviet Union a. uasl-mfmber of the Axis camp, an cognlzes Japan's leadership in Greater East Asia and fees Japan's hands to proceed with , her program. but one also that is ; Preparing to join the Axis in thel new palticn of the world by stak ng out its own spheres if influence in Central Asia and the Near East." The newspaper continues: "'I‘he conc usloh of the new neu- trality pact allows Japan to avoid two-front operations. that is. flght- l lng both the United States and the Soviet Union, 1n the case of a posi- tive advance of her southward ol- icy and a crisis in the Pac flcQ Moreover. 1t completely prevents a. possible rapprochment. between the? U’. S. A and Russia, a ‘possibility that the Unedit States as des- perately attempted to bring about." STATLIN AS PREMIER Joseph Stalin discarded suddenly the official anonymity behind which he has led the Soviet Union and assumed the premiership sup-l panting Vyacheslav Molotoff, who ield that post. for l1 years. The Supreme Soviet had relieved Molotoff as chairman of the coun- cil 0f People's Commisaars; ep- polnted stalin to auceed him; and made Molotoff vice-chariman of the council or vice-premier. Molotoff remains as Foreign Af- fairs Commissar, a post he ha; held since he succeeded Maxlml Lltvlnov two years ago. five months before the war began. DOMINION’! THIRD W BUDGET AB I llllllllshls of the Budget present- ed in the House of Commons by Finance Minister lleley: lnion revenues for the fiscal year ended March 31. 1941, reach-l ed $871,571,000. an all-time record and $309.000.000 greater than the previous year. Over-lldflltf th fLscl amountgd toe 85950525905. a W“ War expenditures for the estimated at $816,000,000 and orIllzfi %°88sts of government at $300,- Unlted Kingdom purchases current fiscal ar ac $1,500,000 anada will estimated 8 , , Canadian expenditure for “Ply ll u o policy", t algtalgltglped “its as may bebrac- mt national debt at Mlrch a1. 1941. reached 83.800.810.000 as com- ] th 83.370.080.000 at March Nations income ex cted to be lncreaded 8950.000. this year and avieiyt demands to be made estimated to much of which in addition to 000 of direct war. fllianée 1,450 ubllcm d financial institu- r the government. (analyses) ' (b) braked club of which t distinguished mem- few Jlersons who a tlmemhen lt wnl d that he would r con ne could rem m itenerallv we never me (c) Heisaid he n that he lhlght meet f th r, (d) Hid I not trav led at such a furious rate I should N’??? before t train left. e ‘Analyses of the foregoing us! u: (a) It is fro sdlf-love- lnc pal o suffer - N / .\ \ ijb I the one that not. only re- Id w" therewith . “WY ‘gratitude of others-Noun l "did know"-that the enrth is round n banks for loans to “m” ‘gonebohria hd ae not have e4 “Alllhlvu I NEW$Y ~ NA trumz . NOTES l ‘(ii I u: stun r. from,“ l EPOTT! TILE p“: s SE11 or Th! ._____ 1 .25.. of that klteneau embers as I'll-ere are of these ein?f“§e.‘ii§'°’i§,'§ u“ plovers. others are Sfindpiperwn ll differ in size and many has" iv ablative mazki s. A few” ‘lb- sweet mello nliias. h" their lntdhlivfxllal traits ‘he shore-hm bore Whe mtg breakers are rolling 111N595‘; 3' water swishlng high upbn Lhelllsflmll-lilt the eVQf-(zhallglng surf-line w; ‘ds we find them gatheled" Ell“... sleep l the” WBY about“ oiulffig‘ ' “U” ‘m m’? 1P8. resting o; ‘DP 0h ' » familiar Bshthlerxgllitleefsgoltsleghjslintalo piper. Not‘ only is he one of in; COIILIIIOIICSB‘. but he l5 011g of uh few which linger here and spew; the 8 With us. Most ol the others trove on and nest in the la: "WW1- fl t-houai Nature iimih help u! to recognize huh, he L, m, only wader- we are likely u; a with l. decidedly spotted breast, The spotted san piper is a m,“ bird B01008 these of the shore, 1n fact he Ls Likely to b: ovcrlcoked among the’ ball lone-learn nrmosia of 11's family. But dilrlng the sum- mer when we See him as the only wader on the beach, size does not matter. He adds that. little tough o; bud-We on the otherwise lonely scene. Moreover he has some quaint little way of his own. As vou ap- roach he runs hurrledy telo e you n pauses and teeters Vlg0f0u51y on his slim legs. and bobs up and down in the most exaggerated flSll. ion. ‘Ilhls curious habit has won for him the ‘Illdmnne of "Teeter snipe" ‘Then away he fies out over the ego wauler, whistling a sweat p lntlve tar-wee, fer-wee. ter-ivee". returning to the shore 1n a. wide circle to await your next approach As one might expect. the hes; of the landpiper ls near the water But it is so cunningly hidden in the grasses of the shore that lls pre- sence might not be known but for alarm of the parent birds. Young " are curious little S ttles" rcleaturespghey resemble nothing so much as tiny_ bals or mottled o on o spndly lees. Never- ilheless these legs. splmllv though be, can not only bear the fluffy mite swiftly over the ground but actually enable the sandplper baby to escape enemies by swimm- ing. In fact when very hard pressed these apparently he pless birds have been known to dive. It is not loirg. however, before l-llelr downy piim- age gives way to 11v leathers or the mature bird. In the fall plum- age both young and adult birds have vulrte tted lreasls. so do not always look for spots on the spotted sandrpl r. Like mm o our birds this little sa-ndpgaer ls a useful spvczes- A5 he an his cc-m anions hurry along the chore pick ng un their food who can estimate the amount of refuse that is oe ancd up each sea- son by these active little scaven- gers. which if left to rrt would prov a menace to us who c1110? the beaches tthus cleaned. GLASGOW -CP- Sixty do‘! was the sentence imposed on S11 sanno Biol, refute‘ here, for Islhowlng a _ her torch while enemy augments were overhead. ANCIENT GEMS Blmerllds’ are among the oldest gems. Loni: nur BOMBER The Douglas 3-19. worlds mlzhl- lest bombing plane, is designed W fly 7.750 miles non-stop. Clause; real subject of "is from self- love". When we fancy-wltiverbial Clause of Time. modifying is "Tm self-love": we suffer from the in- Clause. object of fancy. (b) l-le did not know-Principal Clause: that the earth is round‘ proved bv the shape of its shadow‘?! Noun Clause (statemenil nblm (within the Noun statement‘; Noun Clause subject of ls Dffilfm; (cl I shall seek to discover-Km clpal Clause: if all the taxes o -__ cent years have been“collecvtew_ u Noun Clause object of d1sco\e§!.__ I do offend wealthv dellnnueh m“ Adverblal Clause of Ciféllfgssad in elected to the mayvffllly—tl""l'mlul mddifvlfll "shall seek." ....'::. Adverbisl Clause of Place. niodtigllrlzf flliglbnlibagiifxltliiarleilsrtigi liyilher in- gtlrllnlgtignnsodmtggverrebxlrgglnvglause d m‘ The celebrated club will” few rams-Principal C1811“; “I, coul remember a ,_iim@—§f.‘.l°$,.§{,‘,".. Clause. modlfyins 09'5" 1,10,“. 1t. was generallv acceotefi" ,1, varola-use. modifyinll “hflgnlqw object of "said": _ must meet hie falher-Advellblfg lg". of Purpose. mcdlfvluk unwed- fd)‘ I should nOi havethe train Principal Clause; before _ '—Nouny C1 "this"; 1t at) I m clause. modllylnl