---  ,..__;_ .I1 _V ___ ._  ____ _,._~-_-_-, ,  _ __ _-_ 1 _;.;1-ug,-a..,~ - ,_ -_ v_..., . .-.___
- --f~ ._-i.=-me-f-s..-_-»_o...-el-s....»-re--~ .;-» -....,...._  - ~ r ' ' - ........¢a,-..»-e.-.  .-.QM ---»~ A-
FQUR ' rnr <;nAai.o1"i"aTowN ouaaoian ‘ MAY 1 1933
. ..  ,
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' 1
PAGE _ *_ __ ____ ____,______':__,;_,_ __T___,______..-.,-_, ___..._, _ S I , - 'r m == 
f » A A' L wifes avihewiiv if  '
i'iiE CHARLUTTETUWN GUARDIAN it
'.i'rl».i\ie.n-ii. <‘il-so-r ri. .m-Lure, :Li-. vide-l'n-slums-.|. ss. uuraen Canadian passengers on the At-
$i..'iu per yi-ur (in uilvluu-ei mulled in Luruuln and Luited state; ii alij, 0- A
.\I|\`i'1ii'l`l5i5(\ |il‘l|‘Ifl'25l'IN'l‘.~\'l`l\'ES N Y k C approacillflg Oi' iL‘a\‘liig these 51101-_
l'Nl'|‘i€ll §'l`.\'l`i..\-Tino i.ievii\\ill\ Special Agency Inc., ew or en-‘ _ q _ » I it r;ev_
- \.» xml. any ut-u--ui iuunml nuiidiu;_ uelmn run--nut. es, and the sdluton oi the g
1- l |mii.i.h-_ .-1. i.\»ui,~¢; caieun
,'"" e l. |f.f`..»i<.~..~ lr-z su can sm-el i-hiiudtiphlu. l Pacific-iliat its application Sllvllld
ug, ... . . .  .. . _
- - - _ _ ' not bc long delayed.
Mormng Maxim
5 , o le are ln arrears \vho never were behind before
"me M P l An extraordinary situation exists
_ - _ . --~- in Chicago, the second city of the
MONDAY, MAY li 1933.
LH.f]N(; CUSTS Peary drove the Roosevelt through
_--_ » ice-choked Robeson Channel in the
Figures have been prepared. for
the Fiiiaziciul l‘<\;.‘, s`iio\\'iilg the cost 
of iivizur in \';‘.rioii': ioiviil; :incl eitiesi
ln Chn:i'.l.\. The co.-t rf the average
weekly fcntl bzll ~.':i:-ics all the way
from $5  in Si. .l0':iil's_ Quebec, to
$7.42 in (l<"ri'iit, \';“.i‘i'lfi Rnd Nan-
aimo, lf:';ii.'~l\ (‘ ‘l‘iii:`ui-\_ rvliilc ren-
tals are lo',\~5~t in Osiiawzi. at $4 per
week and highest iii ilalifax at $8.13,
rentals bring based on it working-
mi\n's 6-:-of:-:limi liouzfe with modem
con‘.'eiiEr=r.i‘f~=. '
For th.: llmiiiiinn as A whole
the avrra;1e food bill at February 1
was $6.70 i-.dd rent w:i< $5 97. in ad-
clitio:i_ si cp~.i;»;l:i‘fci1 of fuel and
light crvlzs is mode for the Domin-
ion. At. February 1 thas amounted
to $2.91, mal-..iig the average Weekly
expenditure on food, rent, fuel and
light $1561. 'liils fig,urf-. is the low-
est recorfiftl since the early war
days and c<:ni;»;ii'es with $15.80 in
January and $17.25 in February,
1932. _
Taking food and rent costs sep-
arately the figures for Charlotte-
town are $6.74 and $5.88; for Monc-
ton, $7.31 and rent, $0.75; for Saint
John, $5.99 and Stl E19; and for Fred-
lrtcton 57.19 and $6.25. Amherst is
the cheapest living town in Nova
Scotia with food $6.52 and rent $4.13
per week. Halifax is the dearest
with food $711 and rent $8.13. The
'Sydney figures are $7.08 and $5.25;
New Gla.<gow's are $7.10 and $5.
Quebec City is the most expen-
vivs in that province, of which it
is the capital city, $726 for food
and $7.50 for rent, the Montreal fig-
ures being $6.55 clnd $6.38. In the
great majority of towns and cities
in all parts of the country the aver-
tge cost is clown from lest year.
P/1 RTITIONING' A RCTIC
The action of the Permanent
Oourt of Ir.te:-iiotionai Justice in
awarding cifs,-uxicd territory in east
Greenland to Denmark centers at-
tention on the mndrm cciicoptlon gf
sovereign rivlxls over new land.
Until comparatively recently, notes
an exchmipe, thc :nero foot of dis-
ooveiy, ac‘<‘~:i;p.i:‘§~“d by the formal
raising of iz. f`.:i:;. was rc,:;ai‘d~':d as
liimeicnt to establish claim. In
many cases 5'»t',.cineilt or some
other form of pczuuunent occupa-
tion FIB'-'.'.ifl, xliiis C/‘iiiciittiig own-
ei'sl'i‘p, Ii`.'.f':.. ;:»ii.~.l l;i'.v_ liotvcvor,
no loiirgcr i`ti."~'ii.z:Ps inc incre fact
of d.sc<i‘.cr;.', or ever, the f0i‘ma..`i
raising of It il' '_ rs ;:1:i1'.piiiaUic
|-ight ff, 3.' 1 ~ §».';-_:.m'.~. claim-
ing virgin if: .i:~- .<aI.I'ii on 10
e.stal)li..li 1:1' 7 .vlxiiil ad-
niiiiistifiiluii.
’.l":ic Ciiil .1 f "‘:'~i‘.‘_ i'”;\li7i-
ciiyiirirr ‘E wi , > li iii/~ pos.-
s‘.§il.‘_{- of  ` .-...,:l:: oicr
the ;-"mf ' f:’i;ii 'if the
liiiro > 1 jvlwl .|:i'i super-
i: . it ~ ._ _:~ '»»  iihrtil
of tile I_».>:~i.iii< ly a:..l t'ol-: steps to
ani;    'lla-~ fwiiariians
i * ' ' '»i;“.\;.' over
iz. ` f ij~'.\cf'ii thc
I. , ’ .  i»i‘ iw-
i' vi 1'-ii !)iiii.ti.'li‘y
I l '- l;'1v.'l*ii Fli-
f~-~ ‘ E 1. -'\I‘:i:i, in
1- . 5 'i t» Irv pulp.
I" I 'fi "i r"t:i',\‘:\
li* .‘ _ ri. tru iiiiqlit
t'~€ iw 'i." . ‘v r ‘:i.‘I.:.ii lvfzal
fm: fs  i. fu . ‘ »_' Pill .<‘-ii:r~rn
[..l=;iil . A I ..‘.":i v,.i. cv':'fiiii'iy
coin " '_ I’  l ori'r‘iiail_y by
i'i.'t,.~li 1., 'fir' i'.'~ vim .‘~kii'ir<i the
~<:;lli».v:f . .-1 l =.1j,~ in thc seven-
L ~:.tii .'.~ t. _". ri zzxzijrii' poi-tion of
tile Eur r; i<l \~.<i viii; mapped by ex-
|y<l.i,:h.-. .~i~.! .f\.:‘. by oilicr nations.
.’ii:.'>il'.»:i :~:;Z~:" rs traced the
r.~~ilii..‘ .~»~'l. imc. As early as
ia
I .
summer of 1908 and in the following _
spring made his successful dash to
the polo from Cape Columbia. Nor-
wegians were the first to explore
the southern and western coasts of
Ellesmere Island. Using Nansen‘s
old polar ship, the Fram, Otto!
Sverdrup winterod in 1900-1 at
Pram Havn and traveled by sled
to Axel Heberg and the Ringnes
Islands, charting hundreds of miles
of the coast line.
In view of the conflicting claims
that might have arisen from the
activities of these uid other ex-
peditions, the Dominion Govern-
ment embarked in 1922 upon a
program of following up formal
claim to Ellesmere and to other
islands of the Arctic archipelago by
actual administration. An expedi-
tion was outfitted and a post, man-
ned by Royal Canadian Mounted
Police, was established on Ellesmere
Island. Two years later another
post was established on North Devon
Island, and u handful of mounted
police loft to carry out, largely in
theory, the administration of the
island as the sine qua non of legal
ownership. The necessity of taking
supplies each year to these far-
flung oubposts involves consider-
_able expense. Save for the police
igarrlsons, the islands are uninhab-
ited snd at present apparently are
of no value. Whether the outlay
involved in complying with the
legal requirements is justified,
lhl'0llEh the discovery of valuable
minerals or through use being
made of the islands for some other
purpose, only the future will reveal.
OTHER DEPRESSI ONS
A correspondent writes to the
New York Times: “Your readers
would like to know whether any
example can be found in economic
history where any nation has
'€lT1¢'l‘8ed from s depression by
means of inflation, especially where
enormous Government expenditur-
es are planned."
i; The New York paper replies as
lfollows: We may say that in the
common acceptance of the term
"-illf'ilitl0Il." as srbitrary and arti-
ficial increase of the currency by
iGovemment edict, no country has
fever emerged from a depression as
a result of it. Depreciation of the
CUUYUCY. through such s process,
has raised prices and, at the out-
set, stimulated business for that
reason; but the subsequent reac-
tion in lcgitzmate industry was pro-
portionately violent. All history‘
testifies that the gainers from a._
forced-inflation period were the
speciilators. None of our own
nléllvr panic depressions-those
which followed lass, lava, 1551 and
1837-was terminated through paper
inflation and currency deprecla-
tion. Agitation for such a recourse
in and out of Oongress, was urgent
during all of those periods, but was
nc-vcr successful. The depression
following 1873 virtually eiided with
thc defeat of free-silver coinage i.n
the 1896 election. The end of the
United States depression utter 1573
\\'nH forcsliridowcd by the ivsiimp-
tion of specie payments iii 1979,
EDITORIAL NOTES
Why rio some breeds of po':ltry_
lay eggs with white shells while
others have brown shells? Science.
according to the Agricultural Depart-
ment of the Canadian National
Railways. has not yet found the
answer, but lt is one of the things
that is being pondered over. We
suggest as an experiment that
United States" a proud metrop-
olis staging this year an elaborate
world’s fair. Teachers with salaries
owing have gone cold and hungry.
Most, of tlicm are carrying burdens
of debt. Five times in the past
few months they have had defin-
ite promises of i>arment- Five
times these promises have been
broken. by the city. Now patience
down, discipline ls difficult, and in
three big high schools 12,000 stud-
ents wont on "strike" in .sympatliy
with their lnsti'uctors.
According to published ‘retums
the bulk of all the revenue from
income taxes is paid by a compar-
atively few individuals and cor-
porations, the great majority pay-
ing on incomes of less than $5,000
contributing but R small percen-
tage.
Brazil may'be<short ol' meiiey
with a depreciated currency, but
the provisional government of that
country plans to spend 54 million
dollars in the modernizing of the
army and navy, Once the world's
fourth naval power, Brazil now
ranks below Argentina and Chile
in South America. The principali
cost of the army plan will be for'
new arti‘.lci'y and in mo:.r;v.ing
the' service.
If President Roosevcifs belief is
well founded that the psycliologlc-I
al attitude has a part ln ilrolvns-|
ing the depression his open-hand-
ed invitation to all and sundry
brings an initial victory, In six
weeks hc has cliangcd the United
States Capital from a citadel of
independence waiting sternly for
Europe to put its affairs in order,
tc 9, hospitable clearing house for]
the troubles of the distraught na-
is exhausted, morale is breakingi
By lame; W. Barton. M.D.
A HEALTHY CITIZEN IS A
GOOD CITIZEN
   .
asf  i,-1 <‘
l,- ~l --Li ¢..cu|. n. A. Moeuiuuuu ii. i-1.0. , - _ _ _ _ _  '_ 1.
`il;.‘i`i'ff:, u...iw.\|.---aging iii.-an-»»»-J. °u.. naman lantic routes haic .vconvmon com i  _ -~ 
*__ ,v-_...-i,.i9_ _r;_.iu._.~_- 'ilu-25 wuiirdr -ua o. ri. mums _ plain Ulm they Www mme news'   
"”iI.'{Fu ug nimy in»uu.il»u num $5.00 pf.-r your un n-lvuneei delivered . _ I mL,n_ own country while _i , 
 A . ._ _
i"‘.'.~ ‘.f»-'»<- ` '  `
mil iiuei.l»u,_, _ w - V . _ _- __ _ ‘ _ _  ~ -:='_,-ji __ S
   “ i.".i.i.'...:"‘l°:1::i.$"l:::x....:::":::;;  is 5° enililf-M v°“=d 0” tv  . .»_  £010?
A go:d citizen is ons who ob-
serves the laws of the community,
works willingly to suppbrt himself
and his family, and does his nhl-re
in helping those less fortunate
than himself.
But this some citizen develops
an ailment of some kind such as an
ulcer of the stomach, rheurnatlsm,
infected teeth, tonsils, or gall
bladder, chronic constipation and
gradually a change is seen in his
disposiifoii, his outlook on life, his
work, his family, in fact a change
in everything in md about him.
He begins to flnd fault with the
laws of the community or the man-
ner in which they are handled. He
begins to find fault with his fei-
lcw employees at office or factory,
and "g‘rouches" about his wvrk.
His sympathy for those who are
without employment or in ill
health goes down to the zero
point.
He is no longer e good citizen.
New you and I do not have to
look past ourselves to find that
when we are we`l and enjoying
good health, we are good cltiuns
as to our community, our family,
and our work.
Now just us an ailment will make
you a poor citizen for the time be-
ing. so will it make others poor
cztlzcns. Therefore as is the health
of the crmmuiiity so will be the
‘quality of their citizenship.
What happens when men and
wcinen are sick for any length of
t`me? They will either be nervous,
irritab'e, fighting with everybody
but continuing to work, or they
will just sit down, quit work, quit
fglitiiig, and let tlie'r family or
the conimuniiy support them.
Thus whether they continue to
w:i'k or whether they sit down
discouraged and qlllt. they ETB 110
tions. He has brought about a no-,
vel and remarkable turn of events:
which inspires hope. More, he has’
achieved a reputation for dramatic?
results which causes the world to|
look to him wlth confidence.
Britain tried diplomacy first with
R.ussia,' but this was the British
way. Russia did not try to have
the embargo removed by diplomacy;
it is not the Soviet way. The trade
delegation was called home at once
and all the pressure that could be
exerted has been applied 'tn bring
the United Kingdom to its knees.
There is room for doubt whether
Moscow would have attempted this
without the support of a. political
element in Britain, whose strength
probably is overrated. Apparently
the Soviet believes a purring kitten
has displaced the bulldog as John
Bull's symbol although the kitten
is the choice oi ii minority.
Because of his criticism of Hit-
lerism, Professor Einstein has lost
his job in the Berlin National Phy-
slotechnlcal Institute _ whatever
that is. I-loivever, as three unlver-_
sities in other countries have offer-
ed him work, his prospects are not
bad-relatively.
A great man of 'the Smillisoniun
Institution tells the American
Philosophical Society-and this is
a setting that should lend author-
ity to any statement-that the
noble forehead dccsn't mean a
thing. That is shock No. 1. There
has been an impression-and let it
be said that professional mcn, in-
cluding sclentisis. generally well
j;zi‘o1n‘.:‘cl, lizivi licliicil io crcaie it
--that ilu' high and bulging brow
indicated intellect swelling beyond
the usual bounds. Those blessed
with this hallmark nf lofty think-
ing have made the most of lt. The
hair has been carefully trained to
accentuate this evidence of intei-
lect, The contour of the richly
'crcincd head was brought out by
careful grooming; and it was re-
garded as an advantage thai. thc
countenance be "sicklied o‘ci° with
the pale cast of thought." The
“tout ensemble" was all-important,
but everything centred about thc
bump above the eyes. The high-
brows gradually become conscious
of their own supcrlority; developed
s. tendency to herd by themselves;
cultivated the professional air, lec-
tured to the lowbrows-poor fellows!
Mun is u mature or habit. -nad-`
liious and customs are strong up-
on lilm. The average person finds
that it is as difficult to cast off an
longcr good cltzens. You can read-
ily sc: the damage that any large
number of people who are in poor
health can do to rv. community. _
What is my point? -
The point is that all time and
money spent by the community
through its Department of Health
by service clubs, \vomen’s organiza-
tions, or other means, not only ln-
creascs the health and happiness
of thc community, but makes bet-
ter citizens of good c`tizens, and
good ctizens of bad citizens.
Vifhen Smugglers
` Were Hanged
(National Revenue Review)
Ancient records of smuggling op-
erations in other lands, and in
other times, and the measures
taken to combat ihe'm, are full oi'
exciting incidents, Smuggling in
Europe reached its peak iri the
19th century and flourished well
on into the 19th. In many of the
coast towns and villages of England,
especially along the English Chan-
nel, public opinion was on the side
of the law-breakers, who constit-
uted a large part df their popula-
tion. Many fishermen, farmers and
general labourers, when business
was slow, tried their hand at
illicit trade. Tea, tobacco, brandy
and rum formed the bulk of the
cargoes run across the channel
from France, and all kinds of sull-
ing vessels were used, including
sloops, smacks, luggers and yawis.
The larger luggers, when heavily
armed, sometimes proved more than
a match for the King's cutters, and
some embarrassing situations oc-
curred. A story ls told how one day
it smugglers luggcr sailed into an
English boat to out cables and
clear out on pain of being immed-
iately sunk. Greatly outciassed, the
Kings cutter deemed it prudent to
sail quietly away. This was about
1770. Daily the smugglers grew more
bold‘ and lawless, until honest
traders despalred of any protection
to business. One group ofsmugglers
in particular, known as the Hawk-
hurst gang, terrorir/ed a section of
the country. To meet this danger
law-aibiding citizens banded to-
gether, calling thcmselves the
Goudhurst Band of Militia. and
tried to curb the activities of the
gang. but to 'no avail. Finally the,
Hawkhurst group committed an act
that stirred the government into
action. In attempting to nm 5,
cargo consisting of 2 tons of tea and
39 casks of brandy and rum from
France their cutter, The Three
Brothers, had been seized by u
Customs vessel and the contraband
old custom ns to escape from man’s
iufri rl-..:;_~ f~'~.h11.~iwd u post at scientists tryto develop un egg with ,,,,,,,d,,,,,»,. ,.,,,,,¢;~5uudnd_ what is
f.\:iv f'r ‘zl il ray. The failure of a luminous shell, say by fecdinglthc reason for the row of buttons
into _-wi;-`-.' < .,~: to rcacli him cnus- hens luminous pant. and so en1.`tle?fll`l L3” Cum "i “ mms "'°“w 0,11'
'wi 1: .. tl n»:|:‘\ li south to Cape iihc fai-nu\i~s to find the eggs which 3
niczitatlon? l\2o.'1‘hey me there
ecaiisc two ceflllll'|W H80 lllffll
b
Sit'/v . ii.. lrit seven of hIs|'r:i'e laid uliin the iirru goes out “mm ylcu.c_,) so tight they had ,QQ
,..h;_'. i. I 1. :~:.ir~.'alion. Admlraljvisltina
goods transpcricd to the Poole
Cufxicm Hourc. The urmg immed-
iately plotted recapture. collecting
about thirty of their number, they
remrivcd. The tight cuff went out
of style but custom dictated the
An Estimate Of Hitler
flwall and Empirel'
The rise of Adolph Hitler to sup-
reme p0WCi' in G€l'iIi&ily illd 501118
of the events that have followed
that rise, have caused the whole
world to ponder. what is the mem-
ihg of these _developments for
Germany and for the rest of Eur-
ope? No one can yet say. Some
light, however, may be thrown up-
on the question by considering Hit-
ler's origin, the means by which he
obtained his hold on the_00untry,
and the motives which appear W
antmats him. In "Gemiany Puts
the Clock Back," Mr. Edgar A.
Mowrer traces the man from his
obscuio Austrian origin to his
-prwent peak/of authority ss Ger-
man Chancellor with something
like absolute power in his hands.
The son of 1 minor customs ofiiciol
little Adolph had a glib tongue,
and easily became s ring-leader
among his boyhood associates, Air-
tistic in temperament, he desired to
-'become a painter, md early came
under the influence of “Wogncriua
melodrama."
While still under twelve years of
age he fell in with s German pro-
fessor who taught him to under-
stand "the meaning of history" in
the sense that he became I. fanat-
ical German patriot. Whlle he was
still in his teens his romantic eyes
"saw through the swiridle of popu-
lar government." He leamed to
hate trades unions, loathe social-
ism and despise Jews as the enemies
of the Aryan race, the German
people and “the aristocratic prin-
ciple in nature." He was opposed
to all softness, finaly believing
that peace spells decay and that
everlasting struggle. It was only
natural, therefore, when the World
War broke out that he sank on his
knees and thanked God. His coun-
tenance wok on an expression of
beatltude. Here was a chance to
put his high-flown patriotism into
practice. I-Ie dramatized himself. He
sought danger and personal glory,
He was decorated and twice wound-'
ed, but he was only a. corporal
when the Armistice arrived, and
the German Empire icll about his
CBFH.
Much of his subsequent story is
told in his own biography entitled
"My Struggle," published t/wo
years ago. This work showed that
after the war he turned to politics
and formed a small group of young
men and began to make speeches
at every possible opportunity. He
talked of biology and high politics,
of the pollution of German blood
by Jews and Socialists, In fanatical
fashion he exalted the Nordic strain.
Before long he came to be acknow-
ledged as the most effective stump
orator in the country. He set
about “drumming Germany awake."
Ari extreme cgotist, he was the
Leader in capital letters. He talked
of “My flag. and my government."
He declared “All that I say and do
is history." His stock continually.
rose. A year ago, at the age of
forty-three, he pictured himself as
another Mussolini, A Bismarck, a
Bonaparte, rl Cromwell, u' Ceasar.
He would go down the centuries in
such thunderous company,
_ An unconvlnclng figure in black
suit, white shirt, and inevitable
rain coat: an unconvinclng face
with lmpcrtinent nose, dark hair
and Charlie Chaplin daib on the
upper lip; eyes that plead for sym-
vpsthy-utterly commonplace in sp-
pesrance-this is the msn who has
successfully matched himself with
no less au adversary than the great
god, Hindenburg. It is not going too
armed themselves with swords and
pistols and rode to Poole. Late
that night they broke into the Cus-
toms House, selzed the contraband
tea and liquor, and 1-ode buck gpm-
ly through the towns and villages,
hailed on all sides as conquering
heroes.
Shortly after this exploit a. pro-
clamation was issued, signed by the
King, offering substantial rewards
for the apprehension of the offend-
ers. Popular sympathy, however, for
the smugglers was such that no
names were divulged. But a. further
act of the Hawkhurst gang, this
time of wanton cruelty, sealed its
doom. Two men, one a Customs
officer, sent to investigate the Cus-
toms House hold-up, were waylaid
by the smugglers, tortured and put
to death. The authorities were now
amused. The laxity of law enfoioe-
ment had been demonstrated. Cus-
toms and Excise officers were help-
less to carry out their duties, un-
protected as they were: magistrat-
es dared. not convict. The Commis-
sion of Customs at london pro-
claimed a reward of 500 pounds for
the capture of members of the
Hswkhurst gang, and adequate
protection was promised those un-
dertaking the trials. Results quick-
ly followed. Several of the smug-
glers were tsken, tried and execut-
ed, and their bodies hung in chains
st conspicuous points on the coast
and highways. By 1749 the Hawk-
hurst gong was entirely broken up,
mankind becomes great only through »
wud
I stood at doybnak on a. little hill.
And watched the dawn-flowers
blossom in the sky,
While from the mountain toll.
serene and still,
Like .smoke from altar fires the
mists rose high.
The moon still lingered like s
IP!-Pit WI-lk
Wearing l. trembling jewel on her
breast.
I watched- her pale and die as
besuteous dawn,
Her crimson lips upon the glad
earth premed. _
The. air was filled with silvery
notes of praise
Which echoed in my heart with
magic spell.
So now I reed the melon of the
days
At roseate dawn, and know that
life ls well.
-'Kate Uolquhoun.
far to say that hs hu talked him-
sei! into the position of dictator.
His insatiable ego has triiimphed.
reaction, masquerading in revolu-
tionary bonnet. The frankest. of op
German men and women, for he
trades brazenly on the limitless de-
sire of Germans to obey somebody
in authority.
slauzht of the depression. The work-
less votes came in carloads to
Hitler, who denounced the Treaty
of Versailles and revived the never-
quite-dead spirit of "Germany
over all." At this stage and always
he proved himself a snowman of
genius., He held out prospects of a
Third Empire of' triumphant, Ger-
mans. He sald: "Remember that
earth, the finest representatives of
'beyond the bounds of imagination.
(National Revenue Review)
days was more than likely made
Portorium, levied likewise as a
Old England knew it 000. Octmi,
the klng's eighth, was one nune by
which tariff was known in
France. This was at times even ap-
plied to goods entering towns in
France and so collected until s
comparatively recent date. In Ro-
in the im 11001, may be round‘s
complete trotlse on the :ounces of
and the manner of its going exert-
cd ia. sobering influence on all oth-
rcvenu of the Crown, which mah
in part as follower- port! of dressed furs and Q2 fur
be iiiibiittoneil at the cuns to be i-vfnniicn ot the buttons. 1 _ g in d ~5¢,'d h mm gm gh good 1 uv] 3| gh¢~q¢
His prospects grew with the on-‘
1-re in described' as the im nope or ' Wlbbllrlzlzff BEN°'flg1"L““T|E”|
young Germany-as the epitome of “°““°chu,m“hmI’ l,_ E_ L ` 
\
chand'se imported or exported, and
for commodities conveyed along
the river Thames. The duties paid
by merchants were anciently called
Dlsme, Quinz'me, etc.
“In the fifth of John (fifth year
or xing`-Johns reign, A. D. 1204>.
Hugh Oifel proffered one thousand
marks to have the qulnz‘.me arising
ifiom merchand‘se throughout Img-
iarid, from year to year. In the
fifth of King John, William de
Wroteham, and others, accounted
for the qulnzlme of merchants at
cept Len, the qulnzlme of London
was eight hundred and thirty-six
dired and eight pounds, etc; of
In this history it was also found
referred to the rlnciple of tariff
for Sections 14, 15 and 16 of that
F°" the ""‘°’b°i“5 he “~PP°“"S W dwummt dealt with the sublech The fur trade season in Canada
be lu d position to do what he iiires Al-W ‘Wm l’f‘°'-“W th” i"*"'°’Y ii end, Wm, J,,,,,,_ and me ,mst N.
would appear, as in o1dfGreece the
rate quoted became the name of
Fur Industry
Cansdrs exports of furs greatly
only at the harbours, for nothing exoeed he, impo,-gs, pm- the yur
ls M-ld bv the \n<=l°fl° Wfltm °f iosi tom exports or am from the
customs duties on articles brought Domngnpm wen valued 5; 313,535,
ln by land- Evvslvn or osvlns dll- oss, compared with imports or ss.-
tlel. 01’ lmllkslinl WB-B. h°'W°V9l'~ 244,527. Of imports two-thirds con-
mentiontd by Ddmblthefin in MIG gjgtgd 0( row fm-5 10|' f,1-lg fur gqodg
0! hi! 9199061108 “Guild 350 B- 0'. industry, the value being $4,198,860.
so human nature in those days was Tm m~m¢1p9,1 kind, gg fm-5 5p¢¢1-
ln some respects rmwh the Mme 1° fied in the import returns included
in our time. Penalties were pfrovid- fox, kollmky, mink, muskrat, Pdf-
ed for that misdemeanour, and also sian lamb and rabbit. Imports of
for the 'reionse who defaulted in dl-used fm-5 dl-ld mgnmdctluu gg
their permeate of revenue. nu in the same yen- were valued
The Romans, too, knew tariff as dt ea,oss,a'z1.
The chief market for Canadian
clwwnis duty on imports and ex- :urs is in the United Kingdom
ports. It was introduced at Home with the United some a close sec-
as early as the time of the idols ond. The total value of raw furs
(before 534 13. c.) dndwas general- exported from the Dominion in
1? leased to men known as Publi- 1931 was $13,406,552, of which $6,-
oonl- In Bt- Lulws Comet than is 510,152 went to the United King-
s reference to such |. mm, "And dom and 05.89.338 to the United
behold there was A mln named sums, The principal item among
Zsoohueus which was chief lmlml exports was silver or black fox of
the pubilcans, and he was rich." which there were 115,800 skins ex-
ported with a" total value of 84,-
899,892. Next in order of value in
the export returns is the item
“fox skins other than block or sli-
ver" with A value of tl,9l2sli, and
this is followed by musknt with a
value of $1,474,017, beaver with a
pine mmry or mgima. prima uiue or si,sss,m, md'mau= with
A value of 01,252,723. Other fun _of
importance in the export trade are
fisher, lynx, marte nsnd wolf. B-
‘crs on aged the smuggling tra c.; es t e ml P ` s s are re A e y sm l, n-_
lmrtunisu' he p°ss°`”e° an umWeW` king for wines, there were otheri adlan illdllsffy N318 UW-i“1Y ell'
ing instinct of how to lead men dum” payabb *O mm by mer gazed in catering go me home ma,-.
and women by the nose-that is. emma or tmdem for their meh keg of whim ig supplies dvel- gg
per cent.
The value of the products of the
fur goods lndustry of ‘Canada in
1931 was $14,246,993. Women’s coal:
fur and fur-lined, had s total value
of $8,219,989, or over half the total
value of all fur goods manufactur-
ed during the year. Fur collars
cuffs and stoles had a. value oi
$2,411,223. 'The influence of chang-
ing fashion is shown in an increase
in the production of fur muffs, 2,-
510 being manufactured in 1991
compared with 420 in 1930. In 1930
_ muffs were attracting so little at-
3'°“ '"9 the ¥"e9~i'e5" P°°`P1e °“ the severfn ports °f England' ex Ltention they were not specified in
returns made by the i!1d\lSt1'Y- The
that Aryan 'Me that G°d A1’“i5mY numlber of establishments engag-
ihtended should rule the world. l’°““d°» °"°~‘ °f B°’*°“ ‘°""“ h“"' ed 1 ,he ,,,d,,_,,,.y ln my was 2,8
What should you do? obey me ab- f d d ,it n of v?hl¢h 135 were gltudped in On.
solutely. Follow me and your day Len six mmdre am 1' y'° e tario and 99 in Quebec. Capital in.
will come as Surely as mmorrows P°““°$- °°°" °’ S°“°h:m""°°“’ ;;` vested was $1i.592.io5.1nihe smil-
sun." This is the sort of thing that ;';:“" mmdred and twe ve poun I yer fm- dressing industry eye,-U
he preached everywhere with an al- ' 5,-ms were operating in 193;_ 1_5
1“’i“¢ eiimestness that drew mil' ' the total amount they received for
n°“s °f Germans' and °5P°°i”'”Y *lm even 5° Fmt a' dwumem as the treatment of furs was $1571.-
mlllions of German youth, into his the Magna CMM' Wrmen in 1255' 740_ The wtm number of gym,
tfam- Thus fu' he has 5“°°°°d°d P ' treated by the industry was 7.034,-
498.
with a _nation of seventy million ' mms ,,apab1,, m.e_th,,se for ,M
people. what will he dd with in “me” 1" England Wm- “nm [year dsded June 1931 For this per-
whiihei- wiii he lead Germany? lim? P°““‘“°“ °° i"‘P°"*' ‘md °"' ,od the may ,,,§,,,,,e,' of pep, ,,
'Thlils the question which causes 9°” °“1y ’*° ‘“"’°m°d pm" 'md' ported was 4,oao,ass and the tom
anxiety in every chancellery of 9*’ with °°""°\ in France* me mmf value $11,631,221. To this the larcesi
E\"'°P°» in °V¢l`Y imP°ft5lli W0l'1d ` M dism contribution was made by silver
°“l’li“i ti* d““’°°’ “S 1° P" °° ° f ith vi 1 it 1 d -
and 15 per cent quinzimes. ,fx W 'B 8 pe B va ue M $3'
Tariffs z,e:i9,oas skins worth ;z,i4s,14a. in
16,217. Muskrat came second with
the calendar year 1930, the latest
year for which fur farm figures are
The 0|-13,11-| of the fu-sf, 'Arm 13 (Agncununl and Industrial Pw_ available, the number of farm:
hidden in the mists of antiquity. ~ new of cmadn ‘ operating in the Dominion was 6_.
Even the ancient Greeks had a omg,” is one of the leading 524, the total revenue from the ssl:
word for-1;, and tm; word was mum” of me world* supply of of farm bred animals was $1,323,-
P°“'t°°°°i’°' In the “Lim” °f HN” raw furs, She has also developed a 545' 'md ‘mm the “le °{ f°_""
ptcration mention is made of a considerable industry in the man- Pei*-S $3,096,270. In the fur tradinl
duty 0; °ne_mt|e,th (two per urwmre of mr goods' md' to B year ended with June, 1931, fur
cent) levied on the imports and smaller degree' in me dressing of farms contributed 26 per cent to the
exp,-ms at Mhen_,_ In th, greek nw mm Bm” the Wm, Montreal total value of raw fur production of
Lette” me“i'i°n 1’ 9"” mme that has been established as an interns- -canada' _ 
tm’ °°“°°ti°“ °f °“"’°m’ W” tional fur markets, and sales are
farmed out, probably from year to also held at winnipeg and Edmon- FIU”
year to the highest bidder. Such tom The steam. pm of g,ma,d,,'g
holders or! the right to collect were production 1, nm “ken by nap-
called Telonae,_fiom the Greek pen' but the my gamer 15 praying
W°"d Tek” mf°“i“3 ° wi- The, an increasingly important role in
collection of tariff charges in those the fu, trade of the Domlnign
Fame and fortune are like death:
to some of the elect they come very
slowly, but with growing distinct-
ness; to others their coming is vio-
lently sudden, and it is never known
by how precarious a veil one is
parted from them.-W. H. Phelps.
l\finnrd'l Llnlmrnt for Chllblnlnl.
0AlITIO||
FOX UWNERS
and RAIIGHERS
Now that the litters of
young are arriving daily.
what precaution are you tak-
ing for the treatment of
Worms?
A great many of the lead-
ing Veterinarians stronlli
recommend either-
BUBROUGll%) WELLCOME
C .,
(London, England)
WORM CAPSULES -
-0E- `
NEMA WORM CAPSULES
ht up by
Park ll. Dlvll Q C°»
Both these remedies IH
gunuiieed so as-troy Bond
Worms, Hook Worms Ind
Stomach Worms.
- Don’t Delay.
rriu¢oo¢.1ss»u||hr»r\'°‘-
TIIE 2 MAGS
149 Greet acorn 3*f°°*
send in nur mu 0r\\°l‘~
L