___ mi- ,_1 ' _ C'lKiLb'l"i‘l-`:TufN GUAlmlA‘_\' 1 `_°u_£il" dould Not Sleep _l D. Ie.oe,‘B¢ul¢ su. M ', b,hf£"'¢l-ills:-"I was weak snd‘ll-.|1111 did not sud could I vmg and -‘ 'i‘°.f.'31'i thought I . ' _-.1 ,I _,...- iggié *assi 1 I l iBLo0D&i B111 kia rally tins and and oonle to is s rn is .U ss C/_i -"°s`ru.ul..a...a only 1.1-ri. T. irn;,’_ h_=fLCg-12.4-.'£a1:°'_1i°.0,=”-__ 1 'The Public Forum 1' (Continued from page 4) political “has beens": whereas nearly ou the other Liberal candidates in me Province were elected by over- whelming majorltlesi You might also mu the public whether this ‘ls the “me “(i. G. Duily," who, _not many ,MKS ago trotted 011 to Ottawa, as pmember of a' delegation 'to press upon the Federal Govegnment. the "urgent" need of rfourth Judge of the Supreme Court of Prince Edward mend, at the _paltry salary of $9000.00. Ohl Teachers! l l, and who, .glee that tlmehas been getting on his knees to all those-who, he im- qines, might be able to advance his suit in obtaining that, or any other government. position, which might, in some measurefi soothe and comfort his bruised and battered political soul? Sir, lf you.will kindly answer these questions, then the general public will be in a position to estimate at its true worth. the value of any ad- vice to the teachers and to the lar- mers, which might be expected to emanate from.such a source. _ I am, Sir, etc., tot the ships built in Prince Edward EDUCATIONIST 'Tryon 'rid Bit. Mrs. Olive Mayhew made a busi- ness trip to Charlottetown last week. VMI. Howard Mulrhezld was a' vis- ilor to Cape Traverse Thursday. Mr. Walter Lord oi Cape Traverse; was a recent visitor to Tryon. Friends will b»e7 glad to learn that Mrs. Leslie Ma:Dollald's condition is considerably improved. M1". and Mrs. Manson MacNc-il ae- colllpanied by Mrs. Mary, Mf““°"- wcre recent visitors to Augustine Cove. .‘ l\'_r. H. B. Weeks. Charlottetown. was u>4visito1- t_o»'I‘ry0n last week- Mr. Harry Malone. a hishiy fe' sported citizen of TYYOXI iS UHDSPT' ously ill with pneumonia. Z. , ...___ Mr. George Maewllliams made ii business trip 1 io Carleton Siding Saturday. ' _ North Tryon School is Dl'08l`0-*Sing flllorably under the ckilliui teach- ing of Miss Etta Stewart. so . Mrs. Alex Wood, Tryon, has r turned home falter spending 9. few days in victoria West, where sho was the guest of her brother Mr. .lark Campbell. ‘ , _ ill 5HIPHl||U]|N|§ ' ul P. _i_._|sllll Rise and Decline of a Great Provincial In- . dustry, _ ' Th” YUUOWUIS interesting address on “Shlpping of Prince Edward 1.. Yesterday bl’ Mr- George w. wake- f0rd. who was for 26 years ussoomed with the Steam Navigation Company in Charlottetown: When asked by Mr. Pope to add;-eg, you on the subject "Shipping of Prince Edward Island" my msg thought was to relate my pergonil knowledge, having bewme mst ac_ iquainted with the .shipping of the 1,* Iland when I was first employed by 0. 'firm ill Liverpool who acted as agents ,for 9. number of its shipowners and _merchants Then thinking that 5 imorc extended report would be prefer- Iuble I decided to examine the rec. _ords in the Customs House, and for lthat purpose called upon Mr. McMil- _lan, Collector of Customs, who very _kindly placed at my disposal the re. icords in his possession. These, on ex- lamlnatlon, I found to be the Regis. iivr of Shlnliinz opened ln 1990 and u l register index opened ln 1855 and still _ln use. By the latter I could get the _ships name, and the name of the ifesisfeffd Shlpowner, but not the ton- lnagc. i After spending many days tabulat- _ ing the number of vessels by the in iitial letter of the vessel’s name from ‘lass io 1999 I happened to mention ,to Mr. John McKenna what I was , trying to accomplish. He informed me that the Journals of the House oi Assembly contained an annual return Island. Availing myself of this infor- mation I visited the Legislative Lib- rary and there iound the records from 1830 to 1872 inclusive, and by them I am in a position to give the ifoliowing information. 1 Statement of Vessels launched as ytherc recorded: 5 Year Number 11830 __ 34 Tonnage 2990 - 1991 ,. _ _ __ 49 4419 1992 __ _ _ __ 49 4010 5 1093 ._ _ ._ 41 4149 1 1914 ._ _ __ __ 94 4291 l lass ._ __ _ __ 40 4901 1990 ._ . _ ._ as 4330 1991 ._ _ __ 43 0490 1990 ._ _ __ 40 1102 _ 1990 .. _ ._ ._ 09 9934 1 1940.... _ __ __ 14 10019 ‘ 1941 __ ._ 04 10510 iland" was delivered at Rotary Club: 1863 1864 1865 1866 1887 1868 1869 1870 187 1 1872 1885. 1874 1875 1878 1877 _ _ 1878 1879 1880 1881 1882 ` 1883 1884 1885 1888 1887 1888 1889 1890 1891 _ 1892 1893 - 1894 1895 1898 1897 1898 years. YEBI' 1900 1901 1902 ._ __ ._ __ ._ 100 ._ in ._ __ 190 ._ ._ 129 ..‘.. ._ ._ ._ as __ ._ ._ __ ._ 'ls __ __ ..‘.. __ sl .. ..` .. ». .. 80 .. .. ..J.. .. 53 ._ ..°;..°..'fs. 85 -rr 1.3%.. 9. ... ... ... 4.. . ... vu . ._ ¢ ...... -..... ...... ... Ueethan to put FLAVOUR md nourishment into Soups, sauces. Gravier-Hee: Pia. iewsnnd l_l.¢els-illdrlnd a.\.0D~dm.' 18608 25284 26193 23004 15959 14108 12445 12475 10354 12463 In the foregoing period, 1830-1872, covering forty-three years the total is 3114 ships, 498,485 ions. The peak year for both number and tonnage was On the first day of July 1873 Prince Edward Island beeeme,s part of the Dominion of Canada. The registra- tion pessed to the latter, and some years ago the early registers were sent to the Archives of Canada., Ot- tawa? Fortunately the Index opened 1111855 was retained and by it I can give the number of vessels registered from 1873 to 1899 inclusive, but not the tonnage, vis: :_- » .Year f .'|!_"2‘I.‘»- Number 1878 .. .. 85 _ 117 _ _ I; .’.‘: _ --”._"."f. 109 as ,... ...... ...... ... .82 ._ . ... .... 55 .34 .._»... ...... ...... ,. 25 ...... ...... ..._ .... 27 ..._ . ...... ...... .. 20 0.... ... .. ...hu e. .23 ...._ . . .......... 37 -... ...... -... . .. ../.. .. ...-... ......- .20 , 18 ...... ...... ... . ..._ 19 29 . .._.. .... ..... 19 _... _...... ._ ... ... 22 ..._ . _.__ . _... ..... 14 eu... "... "... ... ...... ...... ...... .- .... .. . ..-. ...... ...... .. ... ...... -- .... ....... ..... .... ._ ._ .. ._ ._ 15 ._ ._ .. ._ ._ 17 .2 .. .. .. .. >- w . 20 ...... ...... ...... .. 9 . 12 ...... . -.. .. -. .. . an-4 QQOQ 12 1899 ._ . . . . A total 01 918 for the twenty-seven As the Register of Shipping open- f ed in 1900 is here I. can give the number registered and the tonnage to and including 1928: Number Tonnage 798 1554 854 1949 ._ __ _ __ 65 1949 ._ ._ _ __ ._ as 1944 ._ _ __ _ __ 'zz 1945 __ ._ _ ._ __ 83 1940 __ ._ _ __ ._ sz 1041 ._ _ _ ._ ._ 9:. 1049 _ _ __ 13 1949 __ ._ __ ._ __ 00 3 1990 ._ ._ __ ._ __ as E 1951...... _ __ 89 , 1952 ._ ._ ._ ._ 14 L 1959 ._ ._ _ ._ ._ 10 1 1994 ._ ._ _ ._ .-106 1 _ __ as _ 1055 _ 1950 ._ __ ._ __ ._ as 1857 .. ._ ._ _. ._ 95 1059 __ _ ._ ._ ._ 61 1950 ......__ __ 01 1900 ._ .. __ ._ ._ 06 1901.. _ ._ 01 1902 ._ ._ ._ _ __ 90 8318 B406 5485 9649 12012 18445 10634 11150 12666 15721 10104 13340 24111 15559 14910 16568 7455 7677 8835 9008 13649 . 1-. WUI 1903 __ ._ __ __ ._ 900 1904 __ __ ._ __ __ ' 010 1005 ._ ._ ._ __ ._ 10 959 1900.... __ __ ._ 10 201 1901 __ __ ._ ._ 21 1209 1900 __ ._ ._ __ __ 10 914 1909 ._ ......__ 200 1910.. ____ __ ._ 219 1911 __ __ ._ ._ __ 030 1912 ._ __ __ __ __ 410 1919 __ ._ __ __ __ 401 1914 ._ __ __ ._ __ 491 1915 __ ......__ 000 1910 __ ._ ._ ._ __ 504 1911 ......__ __ 105 1919 __ ._ ._ ._ ._ 801 1019 ._ ._ ._ ._ ._ 150 1920 __ ._ ._ __ __ 110 1921.. ._ ._ ._ ._ 242 ma __ __ _. ._ __ 420 1923.. ._ ._ __ ._ 470 1924 ._ ._ ._ .. ._ 283 1923 ._ _. __ __ ... 141 1920 .. .. .. 0. 0. 51 .- v-N-aua~su§cwnn5-vmasonvl I la/,fe ii/ 1927 ee ee se so ee 10 290 ' » -_ . 1 I 12.? Sq/e 1998 ..‘.. so as .. 4 393 In this period. oovering twenty- nine years. the total number regist- eak and -Run Down ` ' _ Mr. Jenkins. and inforllirll me that with this exception; The outward; want *U I “The earliest records from Charlotte- cargo consistcduof deals and hard-i town are in the Archives but they wood timber; the deals to be shippedi . have nothing prior to 1838. Conse- in the trading vessels were imported` qumgjy the dug., you nav; for 1330 from New Brunswick' to save tlmef is the eu-115;, dnt; in existence," Other vessels intended for sale in We must not think that the year England and ready to make their 1830 is the earliest date of shipbuild- tlrst voyage- during the summer ing in Prince Edward Island. I have months were loaded with deal; at sighted a Certliicate of Admeasure- Bay Verte and other'ports in New 1. | - ment dated Charlottetown May 30, Brunswick. Those launched later in R D 0 Rota? 13118 Hear Inter- Q 1822, giving the particulars for regis- the'year carried oats to England. V B __ _ I estlng- Address on _ I) tration purl10se,oi the new schooner In mentioning Charlottetown only; - _ - . - Stranger, 421-2 tons; it is_ signed by as the scene of activity we must not; G. R. Goodman, Surveyor, and names forget that it was the same in all the Simon Dodd as the owner and mas- suitable ports ei the Island. ter. _ . A Some of the ships employed as; Up to about 1875 there wx a good regular traders between England and, demand for wooden vessels under Charlottetown were the L. C. Ozven, 300 tons in England f,or employment Undine, Theresa, New Dolnll1ion,{ in the coestingtrade. Then began David Cannon, Duncan, James Dull- the building of the small Lrolrsteam- can, Empress, Marlon, James Peake, I er. for that trade, and 'consequently Prioress, Erema and Ethel Blanche. _ the lowering oi. the demand for wood- The business of shipbuilding was en ships. carried on at Alberton, Cascumpec_ The decline in shipbuilding began Richmond Bay. New London, Rustlco_ in 1878 when iifty-live vessels were Summerside, Mount Stewart, Orwell, registeredytwenty-three in 1888; eight Vernon River, Pinette, Georgetown. in 1898; sixteen in 1908; nine in 1918 Murray Harbour, Cardigan, Annan- and four in 1928. dale; Dundas, Bay Fortune, Rollo The largest vessels built in this Bay, and Souris_ . province were the ship Gertrude, Compare the advantages of the 1301 tons,_bui1t in Charlottetown in nlercllant. today with those of the 1853, and the ship Ethel, 1759 tons, sixth and part of the seventh decade built in Charlottetown in 1858. Both of the last century. There was a. fort- owned by Andrew and James Dun- nightly mail from England via Hall | can. During the Indian Mutiny, in fax, Nova Scotia. They had to buy| ` 1857. the Gertrude was encased as 0 sufficient goods lu England lu thc' Liverpool transport. The Ethel was month of September to meet the re- omployed ln the Liverpool-'india qulrements or the public to thc fol-, trade. lpwlng May when the regular trader' There is another, though _much would arrive. The stores were more inl smaller- Vessel W°1'¥hY of a 1121551118 line oi general stores; you could huy‘ notice: It is the Thirza, 204 tons, a, yard of cotton or a pound of ten- built in 1865 for Robert Longworth. penny nails. 9. pair of stockings or a In is newspaper clipping which came pint ui molasses, u pair of boots or u into my possession last fall, and un- ploughshzlre, and in some oi' them der the caption “Pressed into Ser- wines, whiskey and rum were obtain- vice” it reads: “The ?rize, along with nhle, The general store was e. con- ' _ -" several other sailing vessels, was tinuation of earlier times. In the Co- ' pressed into service by the British lonian Herald and Prince Edward Navy. There was the Thirza, the Island Advertiser newspaper publish- schooner Result, the ketch Sarah od in Charlottetown in 1839, I find Colebrooke, and the brlgantlne John Davis informs the public that Dargle_ The Thirza. was an old vet- he has opened ri New Store, and ell- eran of the sea, built as far- back as umerates the goods he has for sale 1865 at Prince Edward Island. In the under three heads: Dry Goods. Hard- course of her long career as a mer- ware, and Groceries. Under the' lat- chant vessel she had been sold to ter it reads: Rum, Brandy, Gini Wine, English 0W1l€!'S and her llanie Chong- Confectionery. Tea, Sugar, Tobacco, ed to the Ready. Under the official prime Havana Segars, Candles, Soap, name Q-30 this old ship did splen- Molasses. Lamp Oil, Digby lierrings, did worl: and stayed afloat until the Alspice, Pickles, Pepper, fee., ssc. This “xml-°=tl°e~" is only one of a number of like ad- The principal shipov.'ners _in Prince vertisemenis Edward Island from 1855 were: Ben- In 1872 tile iron screw steamer jamin Davies, Daniel Davies, James Prince Edward, 1300 tells gross, 000 l?ouse, John Douse, Andrew Duncan, net, was built ill Scotland for the times Duncan, James Duncan & Co., newly formed Ocean Steamship Conl- Danicl Gordon, William Heard, P. W. pany, Charlottetown. She took up the Hyndman, John Lefurgcy, G. D. service between Liverpool and Cllar- Lo_ngworth & Co., Robert Longworth, lottetovvn, replacing several of the William W. Lord, A. A. Macdollald sailing vessels, and continued therein de Brothers, Alexander McMillan, for about twelve yeal‘s.,\vhcn she was ADKUS Mcll/llllan, Lemuel C. Owen, sold. The llnproved service between James Peake, Peake Brothers 8.: Co., Llvrpool and Halillzz enabled our iln- James C. Pope, James Purdle, Wil- porters to order their rcqllirclnents llam Richards, William Welsll, Jos- via. that port more irequclltiy and in eph Wlghtman, James Yeo, and John lesser quantities than by the direct YW- ` service. In 1870 the stcnmcl' Northern Coneeming the reasons for the de- L,gm_ bum at Quebec' began the ;}rl:;e:;ks);1v}T;`;1ld1n5vIl excfrlit from winter service between Pictou and e sm and Iam slices W°°°1` Georgetovm. Her cargo and passen- n ps mn Men the f°u°“' get capacity was limited but she op- mg: '-.The freight market was m“°h ened to the importer a chalice to im- dlsorgamzed in 1879 5° mr as sailing port during the winter montl1s_ Next amps °“w°°d constructmn were °°“' came the lnlproved steel steamer ;:";;"s' ';‘\:d;;‘L“°"‘;°l;;‘ti‘l:“mPiftiam' stanley in 1939. This and the still me Nom] Anangu trade gan? dmjfnm further improvement in the Liver- the Windjammer to distant seas ang pool-Halifax 'service completely hn- long voyages with lowmxassed lslied the sailing trader. Then the "ei ht! In th ownership of vessels i'orn1cl'ly :ultablc g ' e recqmzed sailing' for the foreign or long voyage trade BND l'0l1f-65. the Canadian wooden came to an end; me Ships were sold _-.-__--i- ""-‘ Eoaxitbgrd to buck “gains” the great' principally to Norwegialls and by r ‘mes and ships °f Great Br” them employed in the lumber carry- tain in the charters forcarrying per- ing tmde_ ` ‘shame “nd easily damaged °‘“'9°es-" In 1899 the winter service was fur- " '° “ "the year 1885 might be char' ther improved by the steamer Minto. :;t:;l\:;:lea‘7;hee:egl:o'§§g °1 the UQ; to be Iolowcd by the steamer Earl Brmsh Northgimenes Ienthshgm ds Grey. In 1918 the car-ferry stealner of “med smpwngms 'img W; “de was built in England.. and as she to take th la If ma would be ready for service in the fall ° P °° ° W°°d» °“d'"\° or 1011 the churloitelolvn slcam supremacy which th’ Ure" mnber Navigation Company dccidcd to ter- g’:§;t:l;; iN°':: America 8°” 1° minate its contract with the Depart- “ ° b“udm5 01 SMPS ment. of Trade and C'ommr-ree and W” by n°W ecupsed bl' me °h°“P' sell the steamers Northumberland ne” °t ‘mn and steel 1°” ship Cm' and Enlpress. Tile stealners were sold ed’ (.11 not bull; nero), is 266, and °tr“°u°"' Lnge ship’ °°“ld be bum in March 1917 and thus terminated a er _ 14342 01 tho 'ld °t ‘mn “nd steel' "mir “V80 C5' service carried on for nity-three the total tolmlle _ - ' "5," 3377 Wm "gum-gd 1913-1928 mcny W" m“°h 3“’°"" by ""0" °f years. In its early days the paddle v . ’ lighter framing; they were granted ¢ L _ only ten were built hero during that Y s eamers St. awrence and Princess a much higher classiiication at Lloyds of w,|,,s ,ure 1-,mnmg betwecn gnu- time and they include thne of A _ um mme,” view” and other societies. their insurance lomgown and Plctou, Georgetown fairly large , Chimes 204 tons: Barbers Mscdon- “W we" “wer md "pw bms less’ “nd PU" H*‘l<°SbUry, ‘and between ' Ind. if properly taken care of, they im- 1" 1°" md "M A-nm' M“°d°n' would outlast my soft wood ship ‘mf In Wm' Th’ 'Yuan were In 1860 I entered the employ of ““d°\' ‘n "°“'° ° ; mlm William Stewart 8: Co hi ' °‘ *“°'“ “°°"°° ‘“°°°' °°'°' 'mm shinhrokers. and iorwaidilligpoavilgzli’ "nfl w0|lld sllfl ffm 15' 1°" "° 3 mm' Liverpool. The firm ted ' 111° ml -“°“’°' '°"“°"“ "°“‘ -lu... .1 0. mu-.1 .»'§.’§§°.‘f.l`.. uf Pnlllis and Paumlin 101° N19" 1° 43”' 1- 'cluding mlllun welsh .uul Lemuel . 7 g ln November lest I addressed 0 0, owm who md g "umm, of ,mpg Mrs. Fred P. Averill, 130-12th Ave 0.1¢..-y Alt. vnu.--"1 ... hothusil letter to Ur. R. H. Jdnklnl, ll. P., u ygsumr 1,;-nge” bgtween Lwefpool _-. ~ tellin; him that I vu rrerlrine 0 and cmrlotlolown. other. having .'l’e.{-.incl :$3118 lu°l’ll’.ldui:l‘il PIP" 01| "3hiPllill¢ Of l’Hl\°0_ ld- regular traders between the same and my heart would stun ward Island" rvldint. hill' till. "M ports were James Duncan as C0., |"m"’”’.¢ “d P°““di"l- the Journals of the House of As- Jim” 0, pon md pug, Brom", 5 Wllhbol' lldy *Did U10 10 *fy ninblv odor to 108° no lol# do vw 0. ca 'rho latter lu-ui .iso had ._ rur- ‘ think it il rolibie to nt the earlier ulsr meer aetwocu Loudon una » _ - unfit ls., information .tomme .ultshoula ounmewwu 'rho '..ulu¢. from _ MILBURNS b;’o°\\ll¢l¢I'l\| M0018; teskto lun-_ lnglnnd were made in early April, H[AriT _ mi p uwmmrmsusn th.e¢rliuii.ieJ.m.,.n0tr..l.tm 01s.- -1 But be ....r0.0 neirlmloo zo mo wuivw 0.0.1...-.' pm D NiRV{P|ii3 Pf°'°° loudly us. mr inflilw °° nt csv. with in. .rrlvsu from mime lu ~. . tiienr|tnvooreixys_\rl.1‘h»perll§l|sydh0ber¢inggeneralcemosnd. .ls ullrl wlllted IN! The YH! loldihi ottl lor the lnglim market lolltoried taking them and Icantruih- _~ .lul.`1'..4..nri.‘il¢el~\¢f°°|".*°'° -» _ M* ° co, umm of v....l_ mam. me me .uuuiuerof us.. v....l. hunch- fvllvlvytl 0:31 §m oct ... ;._191i4,' srsxnann mrmvo rlxcnalvol Quotations fumished throush coup( tesy of _ Lou1sM_a'rw1;r..r.`srco. Charlottetown OiIice (sou-cl. 11) op. Noon Closli shane ..._.... zas 210 210 - Amulet ...'.‘:.. 235 ,990 231 ‘ 40 ` 43 ` iuulty cop. .‘e1. 49 991.1. Bidsood ...ia 42 45 Cop- Hou. ..l.. 01 01 Cen. Man. ....e 55 55 Cleriey ...-... 23 23 Grenade ...... 23 24 23‘4\f Howey .....», 144 130 131` f Bild- Bay ...... 2100 2100 2195-. Int'l Nick. ..... 6150 6150 6125 Lake Shore .... 2474 2475 2475 Malartlc ...... 74 75 74 - Mandy ..._... 144 158 _ McInt1'_l’8 ..... 2125 2125 McDougall ..~. 60 G0 = _ Min. Corp‘n ... 530 535 ` Molatt Hall _... 24 21 Murphy ss ss' Newbeo 42 40 f Nornnda ...... 8125 6075 _ Pioneer ..._... 53 55 54 , Sher. Gordon ._ 950 955 .930 _,, Sud. Basin ...._ 1180 "1150‘ 1145 'Peck Hughes .. 965 985 _ Tread. Yukon .. 1550 1550 Towlgmsc _... 274 260 Vipond ......_ 115 115 115 wlndluu 0014 01 0094- , Wright Har. 220 210 ~ Slseoe .__..... 100 95 Sylvanite ...._ 210 205, 210 '\_,; Biz Missouri ... 176 171 BllC|KiI\8ham ._ 11 il 10W st. Anthony 90 90 09 i Falconbrldse _ 1300 1900 1915"] Ventures ‘ _ _ _ 975 970 960 -1 Manitoba Basin 68 58 A r rl o ......`.. 50 48 45% frallvi -li, it 9 011| ‘ ss 1 25 J 903 _ 1550 _ 909 -iil'_.i;fi._f1'f “iff <.i'1 ‘ '.1 ‘l 143 :lim 1°* i :_ '»}`.'&_, ,H 0, Il" ati: §.us“sE= H .h Q g UI UI N __-I..=eS;.»_=.._._..-.- ..__;_~ __ J.; -‘ .° ' __ 3, f'_=_‘°""»‘="f-“~» ai-5 , '.5111-_-L *¥'::a5gs'S :nm “~_- _ -_ _' ...-A-.»._ .i»..- -_.-g'_,.r- _ ,g ,_ ._ -Y* ...-_ _ __-.~.-_~»4__-F..f -... 55,.. -self.. .lm i_`,.»,§{<' 1. _ _ _J _ ., I l _'$1 V The Time is Favorable ,To Increase Your Incom DU! to the great activity in the stock market. bonds recently have been neglected and today are sellig at the leon.: levels in many years. The investor seeking long-lam investment for his funds may, in consoeioln. Ilhllllo high-grade Invest- menllllonoenldsatthnthemlrketlsln his levee. » f Ulvlfnnhlnveslaenl Ollerlng Ilst vvll lvvleulntlelyhelpflllotholedulrlngto the advantage of present coalitions. _ I lsyvveseolyeuaeilrf ~ _ *ummm ...-- _.,, __ - - .. ___*» 1'I`i