MAXIMS OI A MERE MAN lfliathlansrtlsolcvqilscihicser zlz/fl’ eoplesaper Read by MAXIMS l OIL MERE MAN linoolctbvsgo far, but nova: h mu“ ' _ ' cover rap bad Covers Prince Edward Island Like the Dew ‘i ’ '..'.*.'.':e...2.'"""~........""“e.. a CHARLOTTETOWN, CANADA, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 13, 1934 1o PAGES 'g;;;-,',,-,:,,,3:",',',-:,-.,,:"',t: ,3,‘ IIONDON, Neale-Japan's daiegatlmstetha three-power mvaleoaavcraationahcrcagant uredsyccnsiderifllthawwd- ugofglrcplytakithhpro- peach a cclnflmhs an aavalihniiatlcll. I“ 1 bemadatcnorrow. ANNOUNCEMENTS COMING EVENTS. MEETINGS. ETC this column at I rats per It: mletll Dlllbla In advance. "Mssqucrada Dance in Iona Ball, November 15th. le-flYl-ll-ll-IL __.....-. "Unloading Car Sprlnkfleld Coal at Nlilton, Monday Ind Tuesday. E. O. Webster. Ia-RZDB-ll-IZ-fl. "Dance in Canavoy School, Wed- nesday, November ma. L-iiefl-il-le-li. "Second Game cl- Tournament, l-loly Redeemer Hall tonight. Seven prim. L-fldiib-ll-ll. "Dr. a. n. Reddin, Dentist, will be at St. Peter's Thursday, Mt. Stewart Friday. 11-23 a._.__ "Dr, LaCoui-siere, Dentist, will be in Murray River November 15th and 16th. D2346 "Whist and dance, 5t. Charles Hall, Thursday, Nov. 15th. , L-sefl-il-le-Zi -_.. "Auction, lunch and dance at Mrs. J. L. Murphy's, Milivale, Wed- nesdey. Nov. 14th. If not fine. Thursday night. L-2349-l1-l3-2i "Come to the dance in the French River Kali Tuesday, Nov- ember 13th. Lunch served. Admission lfic. .. -' “le-IIN-ll-lfill "Meeting of at. Joseph's Bodaiity "Y In Hall Wednesday evening at ‘l o'clock. A full attendance is re- quested. L-233B-11-1I-2i. "Miss ‘lhelma Bums at the Piano and Miss Thelma ‘Iced, Violinist in Cornwall Hall, Wednesday night. L-Med-ll-if-ii. "Regular Monthly Meetin Ladies Aid P .15. I. Hospital. We nasday, L30 P. M. in Trinity Social Hall. L-23l9-ll-l3-2i. "Annual meeting of the Mac- Kenrle-Wigmcre Hockey League will be held rn New London hall cn Tuesday evening, Nov. 13th, ai 7.30. L-BS "Last dance, Consolidated school. Tuesday, Nov. 18th. druid: leaves Old Spain, BM. Pree drive. 000d orchestra. Ir-ilcf-ll-IZ-Il "Opening of New Library in Leg- ion Hall, Mt. Stewart. Wednesday. November 14th, 8 P. M. Prominent lllsokers in attendance. L-RSJI-ll-IS-Ri. "Poultry. Llghtiser 00., are buy- In! on grade, fair grading. and Prompt returns. Office and Ware- house next Queen Howl." ' Geo. Liifhtlscr Co. L-RZQS-ll-li-tf. "Scuris-Gea “Th Late s.‘ l>her Bean" directedeby l-lenry War- wick in St. Patrick's Hall, Wednes- “Y. November 14th. L-kkM-ll-IO-Sl. "Concert in Orwell Hall, Thurs- dly. November lath. Best local and Charlottetown talent. Dance after. Proceeds in aid of Kinroes Rink. Ie-RSQB-ll-IS-li. "Wc shall be buying live chick- Ila and fowl , November Nth. up till s r. as. plying top grim prices. Signed Delany a Kn. Albany. n-aees-n-za-ri. Anne” at Murray River (hi1. Fri , November ietn. Ad- hlecicil lie an so. Le-SIIV-ll-ll-id. " not mes a (Silent "PI-h busin . mas s. iiemhfi“... us"... ..... In Glace Bay {r1 Arc no lbligir able. Tbs sun w“ trust I ' '- e a to- n. A. his ease an Q- te ha! pea- found afi-L‘ tho oil bottle fcl wec is ’ in this HUI-Io ha’. Nov. ls-A sl cuna hcsna after having they owed their lives to Harrison. ta the wheel. For as bones ha stood tha the wheel. CIIAIN STIIRES IINIJER INIIIIIRY ~ BY IIIIIIIMISSIIIN , . Toronto Auditor Gives Evidence of M a s s Merchandizing Practices. (0. P. By Guardian's Special Wire) OTTAWA, Nov. ia-Evldcncc M low wages paid by chain stores was presented to the mass buying commission today when it opened its inquiry into the merchandising . .0! those vale cclanisa- with stores dotting the coun- INd P. Higgins. ‘Ibronto aud- itor, told of managers of meat and grocery departments in one chain organisation of 500 stores, being paid Id a day and held responsible for all stock. He told of 1b men averaging $7.34 and 120 women, $6.78 for a full week's work. An- other organization paid 194 gro- cery clerks from “.50 to $25 for a 61-hour week and ii0 women clerks, $7 to $15 for i8 hours with an average wage for men of $10.69 and of women, $10.85. Delivery boys worked 68 hours for 01.60. Employees for a grocery and fruit chain worked from 8d l-a to s4 1-2 hours a week. A 45 married man was employed as a (Continued on Page 3) Belgian Cabinet Resigns To d a y (A- P. Iy Guardian's Special Wire) BR , Nov. lt-The possi- bility of a financial dictatcr‘s ap- pointment to straighten out Bel- gium's affairs was widely discuss- ed tonight on the eve of the cab- lnet’s resignation. Count Charles do Broduevilie. the premier, will hand in the re- signations of his ministers at the opening of parliament tomorrow because of dissensicn over the gov- ernment's drastic plans for na- tional recovery. It was considered likely in pol- ltical circles that King Leopold would ask Emile Franqui to be- come financial dictator as he did in 192d when he stabilised the franc, and lad the country with a firm hand along the road to rc- covary. Iiorcign sfiuistsr Henri Jasper and Minister of Finance Gastave Sap were considered the moot like- ly processors to Oeunt do nrcqne- vilie as premier. irring aacocaafal lllht ballast a violent North Athntlo thllllllrttodlilillliewewcfthailawleu-efl story cf cnc man's relentless and stern was brought to Kitchener, of lhll, which beenrvperted _ ‘Ilsa hsroolthe little u-aNa tarbnlcntvcyagcwaawaltarllaariacaa, , when sailors called him "the bravest man living." All said Aviclaatgaiaatrnokthetrawlaruorthofloclandfllhswlaasibouso waswasiicd awaabutlarrisoagcoustantiy dslngcdbyicswatlltciang frigidwatchllisfaotwanfrccenand finalyhafcliinahcapoatlaadeckmlyingdowmheeiungm Then a wave tore away the wheel and washed it overboard. Bo Harrison operated the steering gear with his hands, Another wave swept away the vessel's e-mpass, and the dour.- less skipper held to his course by occasional glimpses of the stars through flying clouds. Disobey Orders After he had stood for 28 hours without a wheel the crew finally disobeyed his orders. Sailors tore him from his post, carried him be- low and revived him with hot drinks. After a short rest Harrison returned to his station and finally brought the trawler safely to the little port of Akureyri, Iceland. Wreckage identified as part of the trawler had been found on the coast, and its discovery led to re- ports the ship had laundered. mien ashore Harrison. refusing medical aid, sirperintended repair- ing the trawler, and he brought it home today. 1 Tanker Saved By Hetnlcrzi MANILLA, Nov. il-Flrst Mats Charles Carton has a hero's place in marine annals to show today for his eight minutes cf desperate work that saved the tanker Larry Dohcny in a gale raging 90 to 100 miles an hour. His skipper, Captain J. Wilder, after bringing his ship limping in- to port, told how First Mate Car- ton rigged an emergency steering gear on the tanker after she was struck in mid-Pacific October Ill by a wave "e5 to '10 feet high.” "I can't say accurately but I be- licve the wave was as high as our masts and they are es to '10 feet." the skipper said. "I was on the bridge. which is es feet. and had to lock up to see the tcp of the wave. which missed me and struck the deck aft. The steering gear and wireless were crippled. "First Mate Carton volunteered to make an emergency steering gear and succeed ' after eight minutes, while the wind roared 00 lo 100 miles an hour. This enabled us to cutride the storm although the high wind continued for near- ly l0 hours. never being less than '15 miles an hour" Southern Cross On The Block (ILP. By Guardian's special Wire) DOS ANGELIB, Nov. 12 - 6i! Charles Klngsford-Bmlth, trans- Pacific flyer, set about today to sell the Lady Bouthern Cross, his aeroplane, in order to balance his account books. "We chaps who blue sir trails have little to show for our deeds, when it comes right down to it. said Sir Charles. Previously he had hoped i!’ Wm- pletc a. circle flight of the slope i1! pushing on to New York. thence over the Atlantic to mumps, and on to Australia. 5% Defense Counsel Rests Case Murder Trial S LANDED BY CREW Little Craft 1325mm Lost In - Severe Storm Reaches Port Safely —— Captain Stands Frigid Watch At Pos_t_£_\_lone For Hours. once‘ m order to hold it- At the ‘ umdnvnuasssuunnsalac _BRrncu1 a1c4vmLaR.1' ' gal-ding the refusal of IAEETINII IIF (IITY BIIIINIIII Various Reports Pre- sented And Adopted — S t r e e t Paving Program Discussed. anim- The regular monthly meeting of the City Council was held last night with His Wmfliip, Mayor Kennedy in the chair. ‘Iihe minutes of the last nwn of the different special me were read and adopted. A letter was reed from the Commissioners of Sewers and Water Slgly re- Ceuncll to supply the Connolly mtate with water. They asked for the Council's interpretation of cer- tain sections cf the Act. Conn. Holman, chairman of the Finance Committee, in presenting his rt ezcpressed the hope that within the next month citizens who have not Rcardon. Chairman of the Street Committee referred to the need of a sidewalk in a section of Admiral Street. He mentioned that the old sidewalk had been removed in widening the street and coneideredf that, since some land had been; given by the adjoining owners, the; residents there were entitled to a sidewalk. In regard to cost he re- ported that a sidewalk 2 1-2 feat wide and i000 feet long would cost e200, e ft. wide would cost $350 and a ll ft. compete sidewalk would cost e840, It was moved by Ccun. Turner, seconded by Coun McDougalithat a 2 1-2 foot wood- en sidewalk be constructed. ‘rice motion carried. Coun. McDougali, in his report on public property stated that in company with the engineer he had examined the breastwcrl: and found the west end in a. very bad condition. He stMoq-that it will be ‘to do some work on it at close of the meeting he asked per- mission to have the City Engineer do some work on the breastwork. Ooun. Vanlderstine reported that‘ several tenders had been received for the installation of automatic stokors in the Market Building Home discussion took place regard- ing this matter and on motion itI was decided t0 accept Mr. Fred 'H\Ili0l"s tender of $820 for one and $650 for the other. It was also , decided to paiy for them by an ls- sua of debentures. Ocun. Holman pointed out that the saving in coal would more than pay the in- terest on the debentures. A resolution was presented le- garding the filling of the vacancy in the City Police Force. An amendment, moved by Coun. Ret- tray, seconded by Ccun. Holman that the resolution be let stand over until the next meeting, pass- ed. A resolution was passed that the City Council extend is sym- pathy to the family of Police Of- ficer Blanchard in their recent bereavement. (Continued on Page 8) Increase In N e w s p r i n t Price Likely (C. P. By Guardian's Special Wire. MONTREAL, Nov. lit-An ex- prmsion of satisfaction by Premier I. A. Taschereau and two meetings of newsprint manufacturers‘ rep- reeentatlvee expected to culminate in all newsprint companies scttlnl a standard price for the 1935 con- tracts, wcrc results today of the International Paper Company an- nouncement of an increase in ccn- tract pricss for ne rint of to s ton in two instalmen during the coming year. Setting of contract prices for 1086 appears about to follow the routine formerly established. The International Paper Company an- nounces its tention in that re- gard and the other companies in- form their customers that their NUNTHIY thlyrneeting and, china Coun. Reardon as the represcn- my Jafsie Knew Haup tm ann Innocent? (A. an Guardhn‘ a wit.» y s pcclll Bruno Richard Hauptinannl de- fence late today advanced the claim that m. John l‘. ocndcn, tba white- baucd Jafsla of the ransom negotia- tions, gave the Lindbergh kidnap- alaying suspect to understand that he “knew” ha was innocent of the crime It was during the hour and a half interview the aged Bmnk education- lst had with H uptmann the day the suspect was formally arraigned on the murder charge that he “indica- ted" his knowledge of Ha innocence, the defence stated, quot- ing Heuptmarm on the impression Jafsie had given him. This was an entirely new version of that interview three weeks ago, for two days after it occurred a very high state authority revealed that Dr. Condon had come away from Hauptmsnnb cell convinced he had been talking to the man in whom as the mysterious "John" he had paid the $50,000 ransom for the Lindbergh baby's safe return. SII I P 8 F0 R UNITED STATES Construction Program Proposed to Presi- dent’s Aviation Commission. (Copyright i934 by the Associated Press) (A. P. By Guardian's Special Wire) WASHINGION, Nov. IL-Prompt construction of two giant airships, an aircraft carrier and a "flylnl- deck" cruise;- unllke any other ship now afloat was browsed Privately today to President Roosevelt's avia- tion commission. The a ommendations were deliv- ered by a man generally regarded as an edmisistration , ‘cs chairman Carl Vinson oi’ the House of Representatives naval affairs committee. “The navy needs more tenders for patrol planes." Swanson said. "It also needs more shore bases for these planes in the 1oca.l- ities which are of strategic im- portance. The function of pa- trolling the seas for the protaction of our lines of sea communications ia purely a naval function, of which naval aviation is an essential part." Swanson declared himself "oP- poud to a separate (or unified) air force," asserting that "an adcqllfl" navy, including its iridespcnsible naval aviation, is the surest de- fence for the United States and its overseas posseuicns." Vinson’! statement was inserted in the record as the mnlisslon first took up naval aviation. In February, the commission will sug- gest to Hresldent Roosevelt step! necessa y for a unified aviation pol- rem paid their taXdl will do so. OcunI . Briefly, Vinson urged: l. Construction of one airship to replace the Akron and another to take the place of the Ins Ankclel- z. Building or a icon-ton lir- craft carrier to rclflwc "h! 01d "id obsolete Langley. 3. Quick launching of a cruiser with a deck on which eercounee may land and from which they I'M-y take Ofl’, so as to "determine defl- nitely the naval value or this type of ship with a view to extendind the usefulness of the cruiser class." 4. Provision of funds for cxllan- sion of naval shore stations. ii. Continuance of the present awe-aeroplane programme on a five-to-scven-(year basis. e. That u» navy be liven "com- plete responsibility" for aerial sca defence of the coasts, instead of sent. GRANTS SPECIAL AUDIINCB (A. P. by 0 VATICAN day to Bpnifi, the Infant; Jaime. and the IndantccBea-tria and Maria Cris- uardianb Ipeclal Wire) CITY, Nov. prices will be the some. Anglo-Canadian Pulp Company has already nncunced it would follow the suit of the Internation- al Pfizer Company "Fresh from ‘flrgtllid Kid Holiness shame with them animatediy for 20 minutes, im- parting his blessing at the close of the DINNER. I Always Serve the Best TEA ITII Galleria” I , N. J., NW. 13.- dividlng it with the army as at pre- I ; Record &Forecast Of The Weather FRANCE FEARS AIR STRENGTH IIF GERMANY Defence Ministers Will Ask Parliament For Additional Appro- priations to M e e t German Menace. (By John Evans, Associated Press Foreign Staff) PARIS, Nov. lz-Fresh warnings of an armed menace in Germany coupled with domestic disorda-e attending the Armistice celebra- tions inspired Premier Pime- Etienne Flandin tonight to issue an appeal to French political par- ties t0 forgot their differences. Chancellor Adolf Hitler's air fleet and Germany's reputed abil- ity to produce 900 planes monthly were causing grave concern to the new premier and his cabinet. Defence ministers of air, war and the navy were expected to ask Parliament for additional npprop- riations in conformity with Air Minister Victor Denain’s warning that "Germany is ready." Denain. when he took office in February. told Parliament that the French air fleet was obsolete and proved the point during annual air manoeuvres which the army ad- mitted showed the ease with which an invader could lay waste French cities. Modem bombing and pursuit planes are being built in small quantities, and when they are test- ed the air ministry plans to launch an inclusive construction pro- gramme. Recent information. assertedly from high military quarters, was to the effect that Germany had factories in operation some of which were capable of producing 80 planes a day. » The total air fleet across the Rhine was admitted to be still a mystery, but aviation experts were quoted as saying Germany already has more modern planes billlt for transformation into bombers than has France. The cabinets ministerial declar- ation tomorrow will deal chiefly with the urgent need of curbing foreign labor now employed in France to reduce a growing un- employment- There are new more than 343,000 employed in France. Flandirfs ministry was expected to advocate a. general lightening cf international trade restrictions, also as a means to increase na- tional prosperity. 'I‘hc ministry, in addition to be- ing a truce cabinet, is a careful mixture of political parties which is expected to give Flandin a heavy majority. It was expected some Socialists in Parliament might abstain from voting rather than vote against the admitted strength of the new premier. In back of the fear of new pol- itical dissensicn was the unrest of the French populace as demon- strated yesterday during riots ac- companying the Annistice celebra- tion. Therc were gunfights between rival factions in Paris and street brawls between left and right groups in several other cities. Bav- erai were injured. Four Killed? In C r a s h CIIERBOURG, France, Nov. 1Z—Fcur French military avi- ators were burned to death today and a fifth severely in- lured when a government plane fell in flames here. The machine was one of four which took off on a teat flight. It burst into flames in At the recent meeting of potato growers in Charlottetown an inter- esting letter on the possibilities of canning potatoes was read by Mr. J. J. Trainer from Mr. H. T. Holman, ‘SUHIIDGZBACIE, the text of which ici- lows: Dear Sir: “There is a matter that I would like to bring to your attention which, on the face of it, may appear ridicul- ous to you, but which, I believe, af- ter investigation and consideration you may discover feasible. 1t is the canning of potatoes. “when you realise that practically everything In the vegetable world is now canned 1 cannot see any good reason why potatoes could not be done too. The demand is already there. It is a commodity that is used throughout the whole continent regularly and putting them in cans certainly puts them in a most con- venient form for a great many dif- ferent occasions. “I would not anticipate that there would be a sale for them on Prince Edward Island although there might be a. small demand arise even here- It would be in the cities and smaller sized towns where the great demand would be felt. In a small family where everyone works, it is almoli an impossibility to servo potatoes as they have to be prepflrcd and cooked after the workers arrive home. If, however, canned pota- toes were available, in five minutes time, they would be ready for the table. Two Forms Suggested “It would be advisable to put them up in two forms, one mashed and the other whole. The latter would be available for fried potatoes and particularly well adapted for potato salad which is in very common use throughout all of Canada I have had one of our cancers here put up a few cans packed in both ways and I must say that the contents looked and were most attractive. “Possibly you will think or say that they would have to be sold at too high a price for the actual value of the contents. I d'o not feel that this is a conslderatitm and, if you apply the some results. I wonder (Continued on Page 8) Big Opportunity r I In Canning I Island Potatoes Mr. H. T. H-C-lfnan Suggests < Profitable Outlet For Product a Of Island Potato Producers. Army And Nan; Club Ball Is’ Well Attended The Army and Navy Club's am nal ball held last night at the Cami adlan National Hotel was graced bq the presence of His Honor Linus tenant Governor DeBlots and M11 DeBlois. About one hundred and seventys five couples attended the ball whlc‘ was a very colorful affair. Brgzadler Hertzberg, C. M. G., n S. 0., M. G., District OM08!‘ com- manding, from Halifax was presenl as a guest of the Club. On entering the guests were received by Major W. J. MacDonald. "sesident of the Club, Mrs. MacDonald. C01. U. Gt Dawson, V. D., Senior Officer of the garrison and Mrs. Dawson. The music was furnished by Blanchard’! Orchestra. Negro Aviators‘ We ll Receiver? (C.P. By Guardian's Special Wircl QNGSPON. J , Nov. 12 -, Landing at the polo ground camq here, the two American negrq goodwill aviators. Dr. Albert C. Forsythe of Atlantic City, N. J, and C. Alfred Anderson of Mawr. Pa” were heartily received} by Kingston citizens. this afternoon. They plan to stay here until ‘Ihursday before taking off for Haiti, the next leg on their 13,665- mlle flight over the Caribbean to South America. They flow to Ja- maica today from aantiago, Cuba, Previously they had been in He- vans, Cuba, and Nassau, Balumas. Their flight is sponsored by the ‘niskegee Institute and the kites-- Racial Goodwill Aviation Commit- tee of Atlantic City. Controve rsies Denies Govt. Recruiting For Saar Po l i c e (C. P. Cable By Guardian's Special Wire) LONDON, Nov. lfl-auggcstions the British government was taking part in thc recruiting of ex-of- ficcrs here to bolster the police forces in the Saar basin were sharply denied in the House of Commons today, Prime Minister Ramsay Mac- Donald declared there was no truth in reports that the War Of- fice and Foreign Office were rc- sponsible for the recruiting. The saar votes in January on whet-he! it shall return to Germany, join France or remain under the pres- ent League of Nations governing commission. Prime Minister lVlIacDonald pointed out the League had asked members to facilitate the task oi the Saar governing commission in recruiting additional personnel for its police forces during the plebis- mid-air soon after taking cff. cite period. Fresh southwest in west winds; partly cloudy and s little cooler: o’ scattered showers or anowfiurries. lliervlolwhuoluAl. (ll-‘lricir, Tor- onto. Nov. l‘.'-blinil|ium uml maxi- mum temperatures"- AHIWSOII .. Akluvik . . Vancouver . Edmonton L. llII X Charlottetown FORECAST Enatw-Jfresh in was: winds; partly cloudy uml n hfarltlmw southwest ‘little conic-r; lcalieftd showers ‘snowflilfrlee. Maritime Wcstz-Iloah in wast and southwest winds cloudy and cccl with some flnrriea. nr Ilronl mostly lnovv- I illic this afternoon at 3,50 and mcrrcw morning at 2.45. lino acts this afternoon at 4M and rlaea tomorrow morning at 6.56 lira: quarter moon Tuesday, l8 0.” p. ru. ‘women wonoea 1r no! reavm Vetifaami Counts convicts dumbing, ‘(up rum ‘Alien lie Cow-r Termed’ “Stupid” (0. P. By Guardian's Spenlal whey MOFIIRFIAL. Nov. im-Ccn _ sles about religion and “plum; wem branded "stupid" today p’ p“; H. B. Fanthaln, chairman of the De- partment of Zoology at M00111 um- varsity, who with fellow prdeggrg in the department has been watch- lnl the d‘ surrounding q Nova Scctia school textbook, Scientific teaching, said prod, n“. tham, far from attacking religion, actually can be interpreted as indec- ating there is a Supreme Directing Being in the universe. The evolutionary theory offal-ed i‘ the Nova Scotia textbook has been criticized by two Nova Scotia ole men as attacking the Biblical m caption of creation. N0 Word‘ From? Fly e r s A~ (A. r. By cool-allure special wlroll BAGHDAD, 1raq., Nov. l2.-John. H. Wright, of Utica, N.Y., and John Polando, returning from India to England after failing to complete their Journey to Australia in the Melboume air race, were believed. tonight to be at Aleppo. Syria, or Mocisis, Cyprus. No word had been heard from them since they left Baghdad for Aleppo this morning, but them were no grounds for anxiety, since there was no certainty that aviation of- ficials here would be informed of their movements. Cooks $30.0 Oyster Stew , oalir. Nov. n-aaa Ted Brooks cooked a Milli oped stew today and permanently lost hat desire for cooked oysters In acano! thcseafoodiihatwcm into the stew was a perfect pend- but the Jewel had been scorched and was declared worthless In the jewel- ler who examined it. Unseswcd it‘ mum have been worth 86.000, he “WIIIMSIOAL WALIII PAflIIl maroon, rm. i»- wum» one of the met ‘CA ll Fill I Leave Borden [M A. M. (Intro) the English stage has "QM known, died today atYsi-naouth at theagcofMHisfiillname memes Dawson W Q- pcamd at me eiaeuit at hang a m apnea mkintea 2 ‘ ' A. If. {lraeavi ens-solicit, (létrllt 11%.’, lqasu ssh-YEW ,_'i {El Y . _.__.\...r._..._._s.-.. _~.-_..e_;-,-y_-,~;.-. . w?‘ ‘v- n.-