l - NEWSY wabns 1n run LAWN i. Weeds ill 1111 1 - the muior triiublgivnofaliaiftnanfxlgtiirgi! th: pniloscphci-‘s point of new but 1t 1.11m; how they’ 1111ta1e the 1 ~ 1,1 11,. gardener TO rid 111- 111 11395 of“ [he pesky‘ thinos man . been“ dcvlscvil, Obiitixlatltewplgsm 11.111113 55 that 0f the Iowa State College It 1s briefly described here. Danqs; lions 111111 other 103.3115 ma‘, be 1111b 0:1 wgthcut 11111111311 1,, 111C grass bv spraying 111v cnLrc lawn witlfpinig White kelcicne, two quarts, to each 10J square tact. “It is 1m 0l‘l.fl“il; that nct more than five pms be l-‘ied- Bhd that the spray be 11m. 1.1111121. ..~"'f.'."'.1.';'.iil;i. i11'~'¢1.y forbidden. s are Do - The time to e tli- '-~1 1.5 most 13211011811115. 0115111111“ Z1112. ma) be Llilcd as tvell as the weeds, Eailv lall is 1.11.» srason which 1m, ail/Bil the best results: for most localities spray 6 to 8 weeks be. forc the .1113)’ A1 the Iowa Clllifie 111-“ 1 time was found to be 111s at icon of 11 coo; cotiziv (fay 111 late 52111011111121" with the temperature 60 to 70 degrees, Undcr 111350 conditions the of‘. Goose not evaporate tlll it has pens- blfli/od deeply into the roots of the Weds. e crass. recovers before thc cold _v\'ca 1‘. and docs not. \\'1II’1'.‘l'-1(1ii. 11>; it wctiizl if the spraying la put off 100 late. A "UQICYC-ftllfl-ill101"’ picture 11f 111: Collcac campus Rives satls. factory proof of the sprays ef- fectiveness. To 111C right, the luiiyii reseiublfis 011': of our badly 1111951611 fields cf d sics; to t11e| Il_3li—\\1l’.‘1'8 11.0 ,\])i';t ,1 111,15 CM- tied cub-I c1111 S(C two weeds C . that shouldn't bc thcrc! DESTIIOYING TREE STUMPS Stnnerimcs 1t ls izrcassarv to ye- rnsvc tlic stump of a large tree tsiat has barn rut doxvu. 1111d the task ls 110 Oasv one. Dr, wit, of 1110 "rrcc Research Laboratories, S11111fcrd._Con11., replying to an Biiqiiiiv in a frardcninlg magazine, tells of a method that deserves to be widely known. “Bore one or more holes i111 inch 111- two 1n dia- mclcr. and to a dcpth 0f 18 inches in the slump, and nut in each 11:1 ruizsc or two of salpstrc. add yvat. or and blur: up 11211111’. Some months latcr put about a izill of kerosene in the liolc or holes and ignite. The stump. if dry enough and satuziitcd with thc saltpetrc, will sinculdci‘ away ivithcilt blazing and lcnrr 1111111112: bill. asllcs." 'I‘liis and 11in urcvious note de. acrve a place in vcur scrap-book, A VALUABLE NARCISSUS Plant-brrccks soinctimcs “strike in thc ((11112? of their more 0r iCCllCllf-JJtli vcrv i111ercsti11.g— 1c“ Walter Ware. on Eng- _l1 11 1112111, struck it rich. 111 the eailv 1900's 11c began 11ybrid- 121112 Daffodils iNar-sissl). and in n bunch of scaorinns which matur- d in 1915. was an ' large and ,a Thcres . .. - : 11 deal- aiu 1111 1111-1 two bulbs for out $11110 111111.150 (lays. L111- :~ ' ' bulbs to Hol- Thc. Dulcii ' quick- 'n ovc: .\ rcrnted in ncr bulb. I11 a l" it was still per bulb. a distant of a London. his hobby were just 1 a r111 y . ll .. 1 l 1| b. vi ulu li-piuk , 1 l~ 11.1.1101 flliil‘ hisl \\' i1. boilzht‘ c-rhrisicn- altcr that iucizlriitally; 111211011 out 0i IN l'l-.‘Ill'IlEI.I()Y»l ;1rll1 will b: ill 11:". lionl o - lrv 211d. ' at i>.l c1 11s annual l when it is l . Lckc IIIQ>I j l'l-‘i'l‘ is c".1i~ 1 111 111." rlis- 1 '\ 11.1 fllficr- his vziar. tll-tflllflt‘ r-rm nicrc hoot-only ‘g placo! Said a '-' "It's i011 . northarn hemis- phere has a longer suinmor 1112111 tho southern hPIIIlSDIICIPI you W111 rcallzc this ii‘ you ("llllfll the days s. or "- T1107 ‘ (‘fut i":1r:1 lirat to" the sout1...11 llFilli‘!lllCl‘(‘ has =1 disndvnntaar; for whcrc there 1s. a Wldc sir-rich of lauti lilkf! Aus- tralia and Cam Colony) it can pro- duce lcrrlblc (lrcuzhts rc=ultln2 in 1 cnor-nious loss cl ll\1"s'lCCi{. And nzirt of lhcstr- ("llll\l1'lf‘< arc- (lcscrts Tlir-c is. I 1111111’, nnotlzu" angle to this. and mic which directly lif- pcte, 11111-=:~ 1:11, Air. wlirn hcntcfl. rists and iiidizccs coldcr air t0 11110 11s nine". Th" (‘X1171 in 1'90 11111111 is. 111 nll prob- ‘ the cau<r~ cf our co'd rrn 111-: Arctic regions. MACHINE IRON a1 quaan sr. NOTES — B! AGRICOLA Til-s percentage given is not in- variable: some years the calorific "mil." ‘>1 141° 11111111111 111 "below 3:- 5a 15a‘ 1923. for instance. it low no o] be 4 or 6 degrees be" 1921 l nna. while from 1918 to 1n- 11l1l"li1=“‘5°1¥°.1é'..‘.§"52i “t” agrap 1s Wfmct. these variations will ac- count for milder or colder winters 1n these northerly areas. Here is a problem for our observers, "SEA- COAL" C0111. as fuel, a Britain by the axétfiisttnfiddl? several records of its use and “mhiflllflfllsts have exclvateh sq. 161651113‘! W; 011-mils) on the Roman mil a W ere store: of coal were 111i - The subject Britons, who "Y"! 111 what 111111111 be termed Wllwflms, heated them by mean, of Vi t. urnt on a flat stone in the 31nd: of the structure, the mo“ n t! 115 Way out of the open- 1118 1115f served as door. Almqst Within iivinu memory this method "K119811114! was 1n use in the more Pflfgslitillc districts of the High- an . ‘There is a long interval 111 which we find no authentic record of the use of coal in the North‘ but in the "Boldon Buke” of Bishop Pudscyh (1180 A.D.) occurs the en- try: At Ekscotmbe. near Bishop Auckland. a colller holds 11 toft and croft tcottagc and field) and four acres. providing coals for the cart smith at Coundon." That, Ls the first known record of coal- minin in England. At e same time there seems to have been considerable “sea-coal" gathered for domestic use. This ccal collected from the beach 1n those districts where the coal Sea!“ °\11¢1'°PDe-d under the sea. At first only used in small domes. tic trade, a quantity shtpped so I-Oildfifi Rove its name to all coal, liowovflr produced. The monks of Tynemouth were shipping coal from mines in the eighborhood of Newcastle 1269, but. it was landed in Innclon as “sea-coal." The sea-coal does not seem to have been popular, owing chiefly to the smoke it produced: and this will not stifpfli-B us when we know that _ the "central heating" as practised by the Ancient. Britons, was still carried on. It was not till the time of Edward III that chimneys were introduced. and it was later stfll when the fire- place ivas removed to the side of the room. where the construction of the chimney was a simpler matter. B111. I am rather ahead of n1y story. stoke. an old wrl der date 1306. says. dams of London would not. come into any house or rooms where s-ea-coalcs were burned, nor wi]_l- llllllly eat 0f the meat that was 91111011 sod or roasted with sea- coaiefire." The "nice dams" would be finicky domes 1n modern par- lanice. ese some "dams" felt so strongly in this mattzr that F.1- ward I was peutioncd to check the import of the "Sea-conic" and he prohibited the burning of it in 1191111011. But in a fcw years after hlsdcath i1- bccame more popular and was used in the Royal Palace. Queen Elizabeth, and hcr ladies disapproved of "sea-colc“ but King James appears to have liked it. for one of his subiiects wrote: "The folc said sea-coo and pltt cole ome tlic general fewelt of this Britanic'Island used in the houses of the nobilitie. cleargy and gentrle in London and 1n all other cityes and shires of the Kingdome, as ivell as for, dressing of maatc. washing. brewing. dying. as other- wise." Only during the reven- tcen 1h century was the prefix "sea." discarded. and the name - “Newcastle Goals" was frlst sub- stituted for it in 1649. The Newcastle Coals were taker. dawn the Tyne 111 "kzels" tbarzesi - and transferred to "colliers" at the mouth of the river, for export. The “Keel Row" may be called the National Anthem of Tynesldc, and dates back at least two centuries. By some odd quirk it has come to be ca'led a Scottish tune over here. but I never heard of “k-eels" being used on Scottish rivers. VICTOR HUG-Q's EULOGY The other day, while looking over an old scrapbook. I came across the following quotation: it is said 10 have been written by Victor Hugs, 11s he‘ contemplated the wonderful services rendered to the world by Britain over a century agoz~ "Qvcr that sea. in calm majesty lies the proud isle whose existence consoles mc for a thousand con- tlncntal crimes. and vintiicates for me the processes of providence Ycs. yes. proud Britain, tncu art. .lu.tly proud of thy colossal str ngth-more iustly of thy God- like repose. Stretched upon the ck. but not. like Prometheus. and with no evil bird 10 rend thy side‘. rests the genius of Britain. He traits his hour. but counts not the hours between. l-lc knows it is rolling up through the mystic olcom of ages and that its chariot is guided by the iron hand of’ destiny. Dare I murmur that the mists will not clear for me. ‘last I shall not. hear the rumbling wheels of the chariot of the hour of Bri- tain? w11 come—it is comlnK _i1, 1111s come! The whole world. aroused as by 5021K! 1111811111’ 281- vanlsm, suddenly raises a wild cry of love and adnilririon. and throws itself into the bounteous bosom of Britain. Hcnoeforth there are no nations. no D6091??- but. one and lndivisible will be thv world, and the world will be one Britain. l-fcr virtue and hcr Dal-1- ercc have triumphed." Nnw I have 1.11»: principal Works 11f Hugo on mv book-she f. but find nothing llkc the above Dro- phecy in them. But rather I find a covert resentment. of the victory A WEEKLY COLUMN NATURAL RESOURCES HABSHFIELD. I CONSERVATION I OF PRACTICAL OPINIONS OI Till. VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING THE USES AND ABUSES OF BY MIL LUDLOW JENKINS. WILD DUCKS IN CANADA (By Tony Lascelles 1n Nature Magazine) It has been the unhappy experi- ence of the past that when orga- nizations directed and controlled by laymen and generously financed by commercial int/crests have at- tempted t0 restore wild life popu- Iatlons for the sole purpose of meet- ing the immediate demands of s rtsmen and the aspirations of lied manufacturing interests their efforts have invariably defeated the ends they sought to attain. At the present tme. an interna- tional organization of the sporting fraternity (Ducks _Unl1mitcd—Ca- 11111111111 formulating an ambitious program designed to restore depict.- ed waterfowl populations. especi- ally the more cdibie species of ducks. in ordsr to satisfy the glin- ners of the United States and Ca- nada, and. incidentally. t0 keep the sale of ammunition and other sporting accessories on an even keel. The restoration of the breed- ing areas in 131s drought-stricken parts of Western Canada. and other efforts to restore what we have destroyed through the years. are expected to crowd the skyways with countless whistling wings. While it is rvrhaos too early to sneak with authority regarding what benefits \vi‘l derive from a policy that seeks to restore a piti- ful remnant of waterfowl to the generous proportions of other clays and at the same time permits mil- lions of scatter guns to deliver a withering hall whersver they abide. one may. nevertheless. tvondar by what. miracucus means sportsmen can hope to outwit the laws of Slmllie arithmetic‘ and defy the el- emsniary decrees of Nature. Long lines of "paying guests", at ten dollar: for fifteen duckscrowd commercial abbatolrs in the Unit.- ed States to pour gunfire into be- wildered flocks of migrants. scared from privately-owned baited areas for the purpose of slaughter. and cold storage houses preserve thousands of canvasbacks and red- heads to be sold at fancy prices tn men 0f wealth and standing. And. to our shone, the American market hunt/er still plies his nefarious trade almost within sight. cf the Washirigtno Monument. still us- ing a huge market hunter's gun, outlawed. but still active. One might also mention the ne- gative enforcement of the Migra- at. Waterloo. the issuing of false assignats during the Flench Re- volution. and a prophecy 0f the doom of the House of Lsrds. is constrained to blcss. where 11c came t0 curse. Are we on the cvc c-f fuliilmcut? At the end of this war there \vill— there must. bc—grca1 and grave changes. and the ilaticns. 1f civil- ization is to endure. inust- unite in that Parliament of M1111 which I Tonnyson 581112 of. and the 11032111‘ of Nations prcflgurcd. A11d tak- l i111: into account her stupendous ' giflqrificeg 1O [IICSCTVC flCCfiCill 11'1- ternational honor and iustlcs. \v11_n so fir; for the leadership as Bri- tain? NOTES ON ISLAND PLANTS t | The Lcguminosae 1J1) l Two species of Swect Clove." (ltlelllotusi arc founzl here: both introduced. The \‘l11i1c Sat-ct 4M. albal is the c0l1I111Ul‘.“1‘I I 1111111" ilound 1t grcivinz on sholl-iiclttas n1 lthe Rustico district. and bCl.\\f‘C!l ithc fiagstoncs c_r pavement in the 'city. At one tuuc it was cxmrl- ,mented with as a forage plant and 's:11i rcnewei‘. but scents _1o 111112 lciropped out cf sight again. It r?- lquiics plcntv of linic or shell 111 the soil and no doubt 1'1 was thc absence of this clcmcnt which militatcd against its success. In E11 land it is termed the “White Mcllot." from its scientific name: which means time honey-lotus. It has a pronounced frag ours. w11ci1 dried; 11nd l-caycs pressed in a book retained their odor or tiftv vcars. The scent is 1112111131] with that of the English "Wcodruff" (Asperula odorata]. Two years ago I found 1.11s Yol- low Sweet Clover. or Mclilot. 1111. offlcinallsl, growing in a field 112.11‘ the North Show. and Mr. (llcii Currie wrote that it was ll'O\\'_ll‘.€{ in the New Wlitshirc dlSLIlCLI plant 1n the Island. I11 France the Melilot, is styled the "Treile cit. Bokhara," which points to an Asiatic origin. 'I‘l1e snoclflc name “0ffic1nalis". lmDlics that it was formerly used 111 mcdiciiic. but I have no roccrd of what it was a rcmcdy for. I11 Switzerland the flowers and seeds of this plant and the blue-flowered M. cacrulcus, were dried. reduced t0 powder. and mixed with the curd. to flavor the chccas-s called Schabzlcgcr. Sturdcvant says it ls an ingredient 111 the Gruycre cheese made in the same country-and a rare good chccsc it is! The Black Mcdick (Mcdicagtu lupullna) of Ma:S\valn's list. is- 11. rciativc of the forage Alfalfa 1M. saliva). It is readily known from our other Trefcils by its black nods and luxuriant growth. Its various names. Nonesuch, H01; 111111 H111; Trefoll. tell of wide distribution. I Franco 11 is the. “Treflc nolr". "Trcllc jaunc pztilc“ and "Mir- lirot." I11 Southern California. says Sturdcvant. the seeds a1".- mucli relished by the Indians. The two introduced Itohlnias are REPAIRS ENGIN ES-IMPLEMENTS-MILL MACHIN ERY FOUNDRY WORK AND BRASS CASTINGS HALL o STAVERT C HARLOTTETOWN 1"\.'_\",\.;.§-5~5.1Z:'.,;.zQli!¢L11.n.1=.L-i.i11+3¢ s.‘ A». . usua‘lv found as cultivatml trees ul‘ shrubs. but 11s they are mentioned in previous lists I conclude they sometimes escape from dens. The Common Locust Pseudo-Acacia) has seeds wlizch under pressure yield a largo quan- ti‘. of oil: 1': e this quality by boiling and so furnish a pleasant and nutritious article of focd to the Indians cf southern Pennsylvania. Th». (llctmmv Locust (R. vlsrnsa) gets its name from the glutinous twigs and lafstalks. I l'€l'lt‘.‘llli'lf‘l' to have 15:11 1‘ec 1.1 1:1“l1\: u ' u: td-lirtusddiedgos in tlic City. We stll have the native vetclies and pros to deal with before leav- this of important family 1 plants. 1 Bu‘. l in the quotation H1120. like Balaam. . these were the first records of 111c- thc izni'-< ill. 1 they av:- quite acid. but. 1 tory Birds Convention Act. DNCCI- mg crime and every form 0f evo- s1o11. Even “conservation leaders" appear in court charged with in- fractions of the duck laws, lead- ers who advocate and support the proposed new program. "Business as susual" appears to be the war c1'y of the sporting clans, a busi- ness worth about two hundred million dollars annually. a business that will not be denied its "rights" even in the face of disaster. It. is indeed unfortunate that a degree of insincerity should dom- inate the conservation creed of practically every North American sporting organization, and the tiarlous sporting publications whose chief concern is advertising rather than orderly recovery. And the latest faction in the field appears to be n0 exception. In any event modern biological practice, non- existent 1n sporting organizations, considers that exploitation should be incidental to conservation, and not the reverse. No policy is sound that over- looks, among other things. the ne- cessity of restoring depleted game populations before even a measure of renewed hunting is allowed. The naive belief that. it is possible to control the slaughter of a form of animal life whose range covers almost, the length of the continent during the fall and early winter, and at the same time restore it to normal population levels while it is subjected to the death-dealing hazards of millions of guns. is not only biologically unsound but an obvious lmpossibltlity, And this is apparetnly the insecure foundation upon which the new organization bases its policies. Is there any wonder that a host of non-hunting conservationists and Nature lovers, and a certain class of hunter with a biological knowledge of the wilderness and its ways. are fearful of the activi- ties 0f such organizations? Other game birds and mammals have been victims of the concern of commercially-assisted lay organi- zations. There is little hope 0f 4es1oratlcn if the candle continues to be burned at both ends. It ls not; too early to criticize certain policies in attempting to disprove the assertion that the major contributing factor 1.0 the decline in numbers of waterfowl is lack of water, and that the res- toration of prairie breeding areas will assure a generous addition of waterfowl populations. In the first pasc. the thousands of grassy sicughs and rush-lined marshes, _ tlic original habitat of prairie-lov- ing species. were erased by the plow niany years ago. Strage. is 1t not. that the decrease has continued season after season without abate- mont? The modern convcrsationist be- lieves that super-destruction is the cause, the slaughter of parent stock and increase alike. And as for the doubtful possibility of re- storing water, food and natural oovcr to more than the merest fraction of these drained. eroded. dust-flllcd and seam-cultivated depressions. one may say in a‘l sincerity that the proposal is the armchair dream of a boudoir the- iorist rather than the plan of a FDIIIDCiCIIL field biologist. In any event, the value of their rc-crea- tion dmcur". ontircly upcri the supply cf birds, for what use are resurrected brooding areas without prospective tenants? And after all. one cannot create a supply of liv- illg ducks from the muzzlcs 0f mil- lions of guns. The balic-i that the shortage of watcrfovrl is caused by the general . RIJLCIICC 0f water is another fallacy quickly exploded should one care to survey intelligently the sloughs. pot-holes. and marshes of the near North wlicre there is ample room. waicr. focd and breeding shelter to accommodate countless thous- ands more zvaterfowl. th cnormal pcptraticn of former days. Why w: ~v about dronght-stric ken ic regions when a generous environment. already occupied by the surviving remnant of prairie- brccdulg ducks that of necessity Changed their habitat. awaits the opportunity again to produce? Surely we cannot attribute the piti- ful deficiency of canvasbacks, red- li-cazls and other deep-water vari- ctics to lack of accommodation 1 ivlicn the deep lagoons and marshy ‘bays beyond civilizations rim cmpilly await. their return; let us remember also that practically cvcry bird that survives the ardu- l on‘; journey from the south. on its lway to breed within our borders. laccontplishcs its purpose. The ' blasts from the muzzles of millions of 1111115 1e'l the story of depletion |wiil1 far. greater sincerity and nlausilillitv than an ill-considered 11111111111 iuvcntlon. Waterfowl. not watci‘. is tho crying need of the hcur. Willi 111i: in vlrw. one naturally world-tr.‘ why any organization lsliculd plan an extensive campaign lin n11 attempt t0 build up a rent- nanl population cf waterfowl while the 111111; continue to take their ex- czissivc toll. mognificcif gesture without blo- lo: col slonlfirance -—a red herring arr s 1111'. trail. Every wildcrncss biologist is awarc- that the only practical way 1:1 l‘("~.'lO1'6 tho population of any ~....rs of animal life suffering from cxccssive exploitation is through the medium of closed sca- ssiis exiculdinq over n. sufficient number of years. A Utopian sug- flY-‘Pcn. to b4- sure. and rather out c in on rwc that apparently . \ .- nnc r1111 CCl1l‘1‘11'-3 10 e11- ioy the whole cake while devour- ing the last of the crumbs. Is it any wonder that the aspirations of proper agenclep to take this matter 1 Exporting in 1939 did not. 1h hlnd- lmenna 171th. It 1s undoubtedly 1| i “r 1 "craft-misfit! ‘WEEIIY tivtsiocii l MARKET REPDRT January 4. SUMMARY , Exporting of cattle to the Unit- ed States was resumed under the first quarterly quota. for 1940 but it. was on a very ntocterate scale oue to the fact that the American market, at the moment, is proving none too attractive. The cattle mai- ket 1'11 general exoprlenced some reaction after the past couple of weeks of strong prices and price loves were down, as 11. rule, from I250 t0 50c with the heavier weights of cattle suffering the most. Calves, on the other hand, were active sell- ers and jumped as much as $1 at Toronto on the re-opening of the quota. at the lower rate of duty. Hogs were steady to just a shade higher, while there was little or no change in the sheep and lamb market. Eastern Cattle Prices Lower Cattle trade was dull at. TORON- TO with prices down 25c on most grades and some sales of weighty steers being made at 35c or more below last week. The top for steers was $7.75. while butcher steers and heifers closed mostly at $6 to $725. Bulls were the strongest class due to export demand and made $5 to $5.75. Prices at MONTREAL were 25c to 50c lower with heavy steers the poorest sellers. One load choice made $7.75 and good steers mostly $7.25 to $7.50. Prospects in tn» MARITIMES arc for heavier receipts and a downward trend in prices. Steers quoted up ta $7.50. Wetern Cattle Steudler to Easier While some Western markets held to last weeks’ rates. buyers were bearing down in an effort to secure cheaper supplies of beef. Prices es- coped any drastic overhauling ‘out most lines of kliling material turn- ed softer. Transactions at WINNI- PEG were about 25c lower from ‘the high time of last week with best handywefght. steers at $6.75 to lsmzs and an odd load 0f fat weighty sbeers to fill Southern orders sell- ing on a flat basis of $7. Stocker and feeder trade was very quiet with a few decent stockers moving out at $5 1o $5.50. CALGARY ruled about steady . quality considered. and sold good to choice butcher steers at $6.25 to $6.75. A similar top price was paid at EDMONTON where prices were steady on light- weighis but heavy steers were draggy and 25: lower. Tops at PRINCE ALBERT were $6. while MOOSE JAW and SASKATOON paid as high as $6.50 for steers and REGINA $6.35. VANCOUVER prov- ed an exception and cleared all re- ceipts at. prices firm to 25c higher wit‘ good butcher steers making $7 to $7.25. The U. S. Market The Buffalo market, was strong to 25c higher on light and handy- weight grades but heavy steers proved draggy and some bids were & to 50c lower. Fourteen head of sold at $9 and some plain and Canadians. averaging 1490 pounds, were taken at $8 to $8.40. The most recent quotations from St. Paul on good to choice heavy Ca- nadians were $9. common kinds around $7 and bulls from $6.26 to $7. Exports to the United States for the week were 1,378 beef cattle. 113 dairy, and I66 calves, compared with 3.969 beef catbe, 137 dairy, and 433 calves in the same week last year. Calf Prices Make Further Gain 'I‘l1c oprnlng of the 1940 quota on Canadian calves entering the United States resulted in moving up 50c to $1 at the open- ing at. Toronto and choice veals sold between $12 and $13. The close. lwwcver. was inclined to be easier 0n a run too smal to at- tract. carlot buyers. Exchange on United States funds is estimated lo realize 1n the neighborhood of 90c per calf and thus allow export- ing even though there 1s a spread of only $2 between Toronto and New York calf prices. The Montreal market ivas more or less unchanged with good veas making $11 to an extreme top of $11.50. Winnipeg was active to 25c higher up to $10.50. Tops at Calgary and Re- gina were $8. Edmonton $9. Prince Albert $6.75. Saskatoon $9 50, Moose Jaw $6, and Vancouver $7. Hog Market Slightly Stronger Bacon hogs held last. week's price of $9 off trucks at Toronto but sales on 1110 dressed basis gained I50 to 15c and closed at a general $12.15 for the basic grade. Montre- al was steady to 15¢ higher with lbacons at $9.40 f. 6a w. Winnipeg was inclined to be unsettled and bacons realized $8.60 to $8.75 f. dz w.. with a few hogs making a little higher figure. The close at Calgary was $8.45 for bacons off trucks. Edmonton $8.40. Prince Abcrt and Saskatoon $8.30. and ‘Jcosc Jaw and Regina $8.35. Vancouver had some slaughter hogs at $9. Lamb ltlarkct Steady 'I‘11ere was little or no chanizc in sheep and lamb prices throughout the week. Local lambs sold at $10.25 to $10.50 at Toronto for best quality and one lcad of westerns marle $10.50 cm Thursday Odd good ‘ambs brought $9 111. Montreal with a11 extreme high 01 $10. Elscvvhcrc. lthc supplies war" hardly suifrlent to reallv establish a trodc. Winni- peg 11rd a tcn of $9 '25. 111d Cal- gary. Edmonton. and Srrkatoon niiid up to $8.50 for very short sup- plies. CATTLE DIARKF/PS TORONTO cattle prior-s drrpped 26c on mmt grades with Wavv steers down 35c or morc. Trade was du'l throughout and a f-siy hundred heed remained unsold at .lh~. close including some‘ good weighty sicc =. The lon for slot-rs after Tucsfiiy w»: $7.50. with nth- ers down to $6.60 311101101‘ rows and cutters a1 $710 $3.75. Under a new lntemational organization are crnsltlcrcd lirsinccre by o. host. of non-hunting conscrvtillniilsts. Naiurc lovPr= 1.11:1 a (‘fl'll1111 class I01 hunters“ Th" fedora‘ avl pio- vincfal governments. with the ne- cessary expert assistance. arc the the 1.1mm. w»- 1 1 . . this week were] rough 1000 to 1200 pound steers . prices | _ closed at $4 to $5.50 and rannersT TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH Silver Fox Farming ' The January fur auctions have proceeded far enough to give us an idea of the trend of things to come. The Canadian fur auction at Montreal opened on Tuesday ‘with an offering of about 23.000 skins and over 70% changed own- ership. Prices were off on the average about. 9% from the Decem- ber sale. The average price per pelt has not been announced but by roughly computing the aver- lBe for the different grades the writer is of the opinion that the net price to the rancher would not be more than $12.75. There was one bright spot about 1111c sale, however, and it occurred on Wednesday when the show pelts offered by the Ontario Fox Breeders‘ Association and those of- fered by the New Brunswick fox ,breeders weic on sale. One pelt 'was purchased by Holt Renfrew 8t Company for $200. It was Ontario ‘owned. Top price for a staeclmen ‘from New Brunswick was $86. As of .one swallow does not: make a sum- |mer the fact that one pelt. sold Ifor $200 must not give ranchers {the impression that all is well, al- 'though the gesture was no doubt intended to hearten us and also make good advertising for the peo- ple who bought the pelt. The fact remains that. the entire sale was a tremendous disappointment from |11 price standpoint in that. the ranchers who shipped their pelts 1,0 it will not receive back any- fthlng near the cost of production. This 1s not the fault of the Cari- adian Fur Auction Company, it is due to the fact that a. practical em- bargo exists on the sale of Can- adian pelts t0 the United States. the news being circulated that the quota of 58,000 pelts allowable to be shipped from the Dominion has been taken up. Now let us take a glance at the other side of the picture and to do so we must transport you to the New York Auction Company. New York, last Monday. Here 18 what Women's Wear Dally of Tuesday has to say about it: The silver fox business snapped back quickly yesterday when the offering of full silvers in the New York Auction Co. silver fox cata- log was practically all sold at a sharp advance over previous sale levels, the advance being any- where from 20 to 25 per cent. The salesroom was packed to the doors almost all day, and bid- ding was active throughout. In the final checkup. about 98 per cent of the day's catalog was sold. with prices about 20 per cent over the December sale. 'I‘11ere were some in the sales- room who thought that prices were .fully 25 per cent above December. but in any event the feeling was that prices vrere up to the peak that prevailed at the time of the . November auctions. A new set of faces were on ‘hand to buy yesterday, and they jplunged in with a will. Dealers and manufacturers both participat- ied in the buying. I Furthermore. the better types of jsllver fox. which have been lan- ‘guishing so far this year, were the Jypcs which showed the 310111051 I {strong export demand, bulls held {a firm range of $55 to $5.75. with Ia few light bolognas 50.11113 down 1,0 $4.50. Fed calves also held steady at $7.75 to $9. The few stockers of- lfcred sold at $6 to $6.75. Milkers and springeis were unchanged at $80 to $90 for tested tops. MONTREAL. cattle rates eased off 250.10 50c with heavy steers hardest. to dispose of. One load of choice steers made $7.75, good steers most.y $7.25 to $7.50. and fair Ito medium kinds $6.25 to $7. Heif- ers ranged from a low of $4.50 to a top of $6.50. Good butcher cows brought $5.25 to $5.60, common down to $3.50 and canners alid clit- l1Q1-s $2.15 to $3.25. Good bulls sold lat $5 to $6, some tops at $6.50 and common down to $4. MARITIMES-Recent storms and bad road conditions resulted in light receipts. Prices on steers dur- 1ing the wcck were $4 to $7.50, heif- crs $3.50 to $7. butcher cows $3.50 to $5.25, calipers and cutters $2 to -$3, and bulls $3 to $4. CALF MARKETS TORONTO calf prices moyod Q 50c to $1, choice veais selling it $12 1o $13 011 a good export. de- mand. Common veals sold do\vn-. ward to $7 and a few grassers brought $5.50 to $6. Closing nlns were not sufficient to attract car- lot. buyers and the market was a little easier. MONTREAL. sold good yeads at $11 and up to an extreme top of ‘$11.50, with mediums at $9.50 to ‘$10.50. and common down w $11.50. Drinkers made $6 to $8 and grass calves had a range 0f $4.25 to $5.25 tvith most sales $4.75 to $5. IIOG MARKETS The hog run for the Dominimi was 37.535 from January lst. to January 4:11. TORONTO soid bacon hogs at $9 off trucks and $12.15 dressed at the close. Closing prices for direct deliveries to packing plants at ll-IAMILTON were $11.50 to $12 for ‘bacons dressed, and MONCTON l $11.90. ' MONTREAL sold bacon hogs at lasso f. a1 w.. $9.50 01f trucks, $12.40 ‘Vdrcsssd. SHEEP AND LAMB MARKETS TORONTO sold one car of west- | ern lambs at $10.50 and local lambs .111 $10.25 to $10.50 for best quality. l with others down to $8. Sheep were firm at $3 to $6.50. MONTREAL had good lambs at '$9. tops $10, others on a flat. lnuls lul $8. OVERSEAS (‘ATTLE l-IXPOIFTS ; ‘Ihere were no exports of cattle Overseas during the present week. com- until January 1 comparative strength, and were sold at a better advance than the average. This strong demand was attri- buted directly to the enforcement of the quota restrictions 0n Can- adian sliver fox imports, parti- cularly those from Canada. 'I'herc was one Prince Edward Islander sitting in the auction room 1n New York who must. have wom l. broad smile of satisfac- tion - Robert; Match of Mermaid. who bad journeyed to the treat metropolis with a nice collection of pelts, many of which were no doubt on sale last. Monday and would give the astute fox feed man splendid returns. When it comes 00 sluowd marketing of a product there is no question that Robert is in a class by himself. Congrat- ulations Bob! A cable from London following to say regarding the Hud- son's Bay Company's sale of sli- ver fox pelts which commenced on Monday and. was concluded on ‘Puesday-"Despite the lack of di- rect buying for the United States the Hudson's Bay Company's sil- ver fox catalogue with 32.847 skins listed opened well. 'I'nero was a moderate attendance of buy- ers. Soles were estimated w be around 80% believed to be unchanged prior sale or slightly easier on tho tries were buyers of full silvers and three-quarters. Company's sale of wild mink was completed with a. 17% decline as compared with October and a 20% decline for ranch skins as Com- pared with January, 1939. Lamp- son 8r Company's sole also showed compared with January, 1939. Women's Wear following cable yer fox pets which took there last 40 per cent. lower than in recent years when an average of 80 Swedish crowns ($19.06) were paid for silver fox. The auc- 000 mink." sold a male to Andrew Jardine and a female to Iaowell Hancock, also a male to Arthur C. 00d Alexandra. These were of necked platinum strain by Messrs. McNcill. Women's Wear Daily has silver foxes into the United Stat.- es. It is headed, lon Fox Tariff Restrictions." Montreal. Que. Jan. 4 —Ar1- nouncement of the quota on sil- ver fox entering the United Stat- es has caused considerable per- turbation in 1.110 Canadian fur trade, dealers and ranchers alike fearing its effect on prices. Lit- tle information is available here regarding the proportion of the quota already filled, and the mar- ket hears various speculations. Frank H. Pingree. president. and managing director of the Canadian Fur Auctions Sales Co. Lid. dc- olared he had no information on which to base a comment. “ k Fromm Brothers. of Hamburg. Wis. Fromm?» the fellow who got. the quota put on and WOMEN'S WEAR DAILY helped 111m all they could." said Mr. Pingree. adding. "I don't know anything about it and I can't find out anything. but I am being pestered by 1411681411115 and phone calls from New York asking me about. 1t. WOMEN'S WEAR DAILY splashed on the fur page the number of skins coming into the country and are making a big ivsuc of it. They were in- strumental in getting the quota ssed as much as anyone and they should be happy about 1t. How it's going to work out, I don't know. and I am making no state- ment about it. You C1171 tefl thrm this just as I am telling it to you. The position is 1hatlt_is i0 fiqltflllfl Hflfi Announcement THE REAL POWER FOR A TWO FURROW PLOW For years farmers have searched the market for a quality, general purpose tractor, of the best construc- tion and at the price to fit their pocketbooks. We are very pleased to announce that Massey-Harris Co. have made arrangements with the Cleveland Tractor than the famous 101 Jr. and Challanger which we still selling. This new tractor is a Row Crop Type, equipped with shipping weight 2125 lbs. Sec your local for further particulars L 491-1-13-31 has the of total with prices from average. South American coun- Tho Hudson's Bay a decline of 20% for ranch mink as Daily has the from Stockholm. Sweden, re ardlng the sale of 1:151; Monday-Mme: ans bought. 6,000 silver fox skins at the fur auction here. They paid prices ose Lion's supply included 20.000 silver fox skins. 10.000 blue fox and 13,- During the past; week Wellington McNeill and son, Southport, have the ring developed the following comment; on the recent restrictions re the importation of "Canada Browns Co. for a smaller tractor arc . i Rubber tires 9 x 24 rear rat- ings draw bar 12 h.p. belt 1R Massey-Harris Dealer . S urc Dcothto g1 COODERS Cunrenlruli-il “KIIHILE FLI’ PO\I'DEII llofuiono 7% Gulrnnlcnfl The most efflcfenr powder f n 1> g )1 s. tlt-qrln-iinn <1 f’ ) Ivilflilr‘ l-‘ly 11 11 g. I l-‘ots in cattle. ' 11a u d y 01111111111: containing enr ugh | Cooper’: Warbla . Fly Powder to make l quart of WIIIII. lufflclcnt 1o trr-at thirty 11,-5.1 of cattle at once, only I'M". UllI-KIL — The ln-rfev! nil-purpose farm Illsrvt 111111 nlrr for all llvcstouk 1 and poultry. CUOPEIVS WARBLE FLY 201V- DEII and DRI'KAL arc Cooper Pro. ductl — British Made — Fully G our. auteed. CANADIAN CO-OPEII ITIVE IYUOL (iIIO\\'l£R\ I.I.\II'I‘I‘II) llueln-v and 211111-1111111- 11m... I1. Imnlluxviifv. i|1i1~. I 1 make no comment, for nobody knows anyzéxing. “How far the cuotn have no idea and can l; nothing. The c1 slomr canlri me and nobody can. I am ind-Mug my troubles witl. it. WOLIENB WEAR DAILY and the U.S. Gov‘ is lillccl I emment. should be the ones to ;ivc out any information. The annual 111:1 n11‘! of tlic (7.11- adiari Silver Fox Breeders’ A" tiori will be held at the Charlottetown commencing day morning at eleven ' The meeting vrlll be adtlrr-s Professor Knox of t1;- A1 College. Guelph. On speak on the br and an address will by Dr. E. S. Archibald of minion Experiments‘. F‘ar... tawa. There are many thlnos r’ j portance that can be pro!" discussed at. 1.110 forthcoming 1 111g. Great changes have '1 place in the silver fox WOIiC. .0 the Association first functioned 1n I920. Stat-this: with a rricmber- ship mostly ccnfined to this Prov- ince it spread from the A111 1r 1o the Pacific and most o.’ this worthwhile ranchers in 1.11s Dom- inion were members. particularly those who planned to sell theb foxes for breeding purposes. Asociationts inspectors’ "s was the hal‘ mark of q elgn oountrlcs Canadian National .. lending its good offices tn way in 1925 when they first fortn- ed an Association. We little thought 11.1? ow Scandinavian brethenx would in qt decade surpass .s both 1:1 111mb ber of foxes ni-odrced and also t: average quality. I‘. would b: we for us to try and find our 11m reason why t/iirv have succccdcd hd a greater extent than wc 1111c I'D is probable that they hayc used more grey matter in solvin: ilzehi problems. For one thing they . the first. to realize that the brig silvers brought the most money and adapted their breeding opera» Lions to that 911d. The problernd which confront us now call fol leadership of a high ordcr and wa trust. that the meeting of the Can- adian National Silver Fox Breed- ers’ Association will not be de- votcd entirely to discus" 1 amendments to the which have no practioa. \ on the present. situation, Let up instead bend our energies to a solution of our difflcultics moons we do not and the decline in values continues there will be ml silver fox industnj and no 710cc‘. of an Association. SCOTT VETERAN DIES DURBAN, south Africa. -- (OH; —Lt.-Commander W. A. Hrrton, one 0f the few rematnini’. naval officers who sailed “x111 Sc on nn his last voyage to the .. died, here. DEDICATES ROOF OI-IEISTER, England — (C?) ~o First act. of the nrw '1 Chester. Dr. DCUtglil> after his enthroncnient, dedicate a new Tool 111 1.11s: c ral's 131.11 century rclccto POSTIES’ BIKES LONDON __tCP1 ~ t‘ ii‘ 111111‘; of post office I5 ‘iii-l blackout driving coxdit. ..~ 11m "unendurable" have broug-zi ‘no reply that lighting on off‘. hicles is "as libcral as P996151“ ' ' in the reguialzon- " CHURCH UNION M00115?! LEAIVEYNGTON. 270111.116 - '09? -If the Church ls w» 111111: its pen. ,in the making c: a an ram-w there would have u» be I tel mo. said the DP-hop r1. Covrrt" 1o‘- dressing the Diflwflnn Ovntz-ewx» here. ~ _ —— ———————— ____-—r;1 A LARGE PUP CROP Insure a large crop o1 ncaltiiv, vigorous pups this your 11y touting ROYAL FOX FEED Results during former si-asonn l lhnws that. lht- use of Royal with I good meat ration is the most pim- live way known for 1.111- ranchcr I secure best breeding results. Insist on Royal. All your dealer today or 1111110 direct to The Si. John Milling 1 Company L111. saint John New Brunswhfl :-v~<-.s~:-..r.uu mvpg-Z-w ..._ .. ...-.-.-_-~l--...-_»~_utn1-§.\\ _. M: .1. w..-w"