I-IASZAttl)’S GAZE1" 
     
    
   
   
    
     PE, NOVEMBER 1. 
     
    
   
   
    
     News by the English Mail! 
     
    
   
   
    
     IIPORTANT FROM TH E DANU BIAN 
     
     PRINCIPALITIES. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Mourns or -run Dsnunii, Sun‘. 29.- 
     
     We have been thiinderstruckhers bythe 
     
     intelligence that 4000 Austrian h0ltll(‘.l‘8 
     
     have suddenly pounced upon Galatz and 
     
     occupied it-dotie the amine at lll|'fltl—-tl‘l'l(l 
     
     seized all the ports of the Danube. 'lh_c 
     
     Consliiiilinople Journal speaks only of Ibrail 
     
     being occupied, but no doubt both have 
     
     been so. They have not only quartered 
     
     their troops in these towns, but they have 
     
     taken possession of police and post_uflif:t3S. 
     
     so that all persons and communications_ 
     
     must pass through their hands. This, of 
     
     course, shuts the door in the face of the 
     
     coniinissai-ies charged to consultthe Prin- 
     
     cipalitics, and you may, in coiisequ0n0_¢‘«. 
     
     expect Sir Henry Bulwer home. Y0" WI" 
     
     ho hotter able to judge than I am, the cause 
     
     ufthis detiance to the \\'estcrn l‘owt-rs. Is 
     
     it a set-oil‘ for any demoiistrniioii ol ours 
     
     against Naples, and ii signiticant declara- 
     
     tion that, if we carry out our liberiil policy 
     
     in Italy, Austria will carry out a contrary 
     
     one upon the Danube and in the liiixiiie? 
     
     This would be it very grave challenge, for 
     
     Austria is not the power to cast iliut clial- 
     
     lenge, if it did not know that it was support- 
     
     ed by soiiie other power, and there is none 
     
     to support it in such n policy except Russia. 
     
    

    
     “in out for the present, rather a ridicii- 
     
     lous ll'_'|lt‘e. After having made war to 
     
     drive Russia from the Principnlities, ive 
     
     witlidi-aw all our soldiers on the under- 
     
     standing that Austria would do the same, 
     
     instead of which Austria re-occupies the 
     
     Priiieipulities, and seizes the ports iii the 
     
     mouth ofthe river. Let me add, that this 
     
     is l'l‘II(lCI‘l d more serious by the reooiit con- 
     
     duct of ;\!tSIt‘l1l to a French naval otliccr. 
     
     Ciiptaio .“-lugiian brought out here a cer- 
     
     tain class of tlat-bottomed boats, to be used 
     
     in the Sim ofAzoti', and in shallow waters, 
     
     for war piii-poses. The war being over, 
     
     tiie captain obtained permission of his 
     
     got-'(.'l'lllil|'tlI to try his boats on the Danube, 
     
     and lie eoiisidered llll'lll applicable tothi» 
     
     navigation of the Prutli, the Sereth, and 
     
     the .\l:iril7.u. The Turks, however, do not 
     
     like the Maritza to be navigated but by 
     
     their own bouts—thut is to say, they will 
     
     never allow it to be navigated at all. A 
     
     French company in Armenia, with Captain 
     
     Magnan, applied for the navigation of the 
     
     Pruth and Sercth, and offered, at its own 
     
     expense, to remove the obstructions in the 
     
     rivers. The Moldavian government and 
     
     hospodar granted the request: but Austria 
     
     has compelled the Porte to annul that ces- 
     
     nion, on the plea that, by the elauseot 
     
     some treaty, Austria has the monopoly of 
     
     navigating these inland waters. Both En- 
     
     glish and French ambassadors tried in vain 
     
     to get this rescinded. 
     
    

    
     ‘aptain Magnan, forbidden to attempt 
     
     the Pruth, sailed up the Danube. First of 
     
     all an Austrian vessel ran into one ofhis 
     
     boats, and destroyed it. A commission of 
     
     naval officers have declared that this was 
     
     done on purpose. He again sails up the 
     
     Danube, and meets with every obstacle 
     
     that the Austriams can put in his way. He 
     
     pleaded that he was not going to interfere 
     
     with the Austrians, but that the Turks had 
     
     a right to at least half the [river ; that it 
     
     was most important for them to be able to 
     
     send supplies and troops by the Danube 
     
     and the Save to their fortresses in Bosnia: 
     
     and that he was making the experiment to 
     
     enable the Turks to use the great high 
     
     road up the Danube. To this the Austri- 
     
     sns replied that they would never permit 
     
     the Turks to navigate the Danube. So 
     
     much for the chief ally of Turkey, who is 
     
     one of the contracting powers for maintain- 
     
     ing the liberty of tho Danube, and who is 
     
     determined to stop it and its tributaries, 
     
     not only to France and England, but to 
     
     To sy- 
     
    

    
     But neither Capt. Mognau nor his Go- 
     
     vernment are to be donated by the threats 
     
     of Austrian agents. on are aware that 
     
     in his vessel. the L ounnis, ho passedths 
     
     rapids of the Iron ates, and, being for- 
     
     bidden to advance h" her up the river, he 
     
     left his vessel sgrou in order to go and 
     
     took diplomatic succonr and advice. Tho, 
     
     gallant osptnhi has got both, and has ren- 
     
     ths Danube to prosecute his voy-g 
     
     'l°. not to assert the ti-sodas Ofllllliivdl, 
     
    
   
   
    
     Or, at least, to know the reason why the 
     
     French flag is to be prohibited from float- 
     
     ing on these waters. It is neither unnmus- 
     
     ing nor uninstructivo to learn that, on one 
     
     occasion, when the Lyonnnis attempted to 
     
     non cable to the only landing place ofs 
     
     town, from viliicli the men in authority 
     
     rejected the cable, and would not allow the 
     
     jetty to be made use of, the population 
     
     came forward to welcome the French flag, 
     
     they drove their own Austrian authorities 
     
     from the jetty, pulled down the double eagle 
     
     and flung it into the river. So much for 
     
     the loyalty of the Dunubian populations to 
     
     the Kaiser. 
     
    

    
     It is no doubt under the pretext ofRus~ 
     
     siii still nieniicing the Danube by keeping 
     
     -—or rather by claiming—the Isle of Ser- 
     
     pents that Austrin has seized (ialatz. No 
     
     doubt she will plead that, when France 
     
     and England think it necessary to send 
     
     back a naval force to the Black Sea, Aus- 
     
     tria cuii do no loss tlinn occupythe Priiici- 
     
     palitics. But this is done so manifestly 
     
     with the design ofquasliing the question of 
     
     the organisation of Mold-i~\Vallaehia, that 
     
     it is impossible not to see that Austria con- 
     
     siders lierself to inherit those pretensions 
     
     which Russia eiitcrtziiiied, and to repel 
     
     which we engaged in an expensive and 
     
     sanguiiiary war. 
     
    

    
     'l‘he gravest consideration attending these 
     
     circuiiistaiicos is, however, the report that 
     
     Turkey was no stranger to the intention of 
     
     Austria to occupv Gulatz. It is said that 
     
     neither Lord Redclilfe nor M. 'l‘houvenel 
     
     knew of it—that the iiitolligeiicc took them 
     
     by sni-prise—and that, when they expressed 
     
     their surprise, the Turkisli minister de- 
     
     clared he thouglit they were fully apprised 
     
     of it. It could not be the Turltisli Govern- 
     
     iiit-iit's intention to take iiiiy reverse step, 
     
     or resolve on questions arising out of the 
     
     Treaty of Paris, without consulting all the 
     
     ::lllt‘.~t. Ali Piielia would not do this; and, 
     
     ,il‘l'ltfl|).*l, it will llt? found that the Austrians 
     
     -u he of it to the 'l'ui-ksiis a step that 
     
     ztwtlltl be riq.iisiti- by-and by, whilst they 
     
     pircipitiiti-il it I": r fear of objections. l’t'0- 
     
     vided the Freiieli and English 0ll|l)IlSt~'It’S he 
     
     in the same accord and situation, the rest 
     
     is ofsniiill importance. And i believe tlicy 
     
    
   
   
    
     what two such powerful countries think to 
     
     to be wrong. they are fully able to rectify. 
     
    

    
     The Russian Government has ordered 
     
     ‘20 steanicrs for the postal nml pnsseiiger 
     
     service froiu Odessa to different pol'l6—- 
     
     Constantinople principally. I need not say 
     
     that two steamers would amply suffice. with 
     
     one to take the place of whichever should 
     
     be disabled; therefore, the use of the re- 
     
     maining I7, it is for you to gucss.-.Morn- 
     
     ing Put. 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     THE THREATENING CLOUD. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Europe has been startled during the last 
     
     day or two bv the Russian manifesto. the 
     
     effect of which on the Bourses of France 
     
     and England was at the time vcr marked. 
     
     The English funds speedily recovered from 
     
     the shock, but the quidnuncs are busily 
     
     speculating on the consequences of this 
     
     manifesto, the genuineness ol which, al- 
     
     though doubted at first, is now generally 
     
     believed; and these speculations embrace 
     
     questions of the most striking and moment- 
     
     ous kind to the peace of Europe and the 
     
     world 
     
    

    
     The first feeling which the perusal of 
     
     this diplomatic note produces on the mind 
     
     of the reader is, that the people of Western 
     
     Europe have altogether mistaken the new 
     
     Czar. hen he came to the throne he 
     
     was believed to be eminently pacific, and 
     
     he received credit for having had the wiir 
     
     left to him no a legacy by his father, while 
     
     his own views were supposed to be in the 
     
     interests of peace. Circumstances favour- 
     
     od this delusion. When he declared his 
     
     intention of developing the resources of his 
     
     empire through the arts of peace, it was in- 
     
     ferred that he had arrived at the conclusion 
     
     that the material prosperity of Russia would 
     
     t promoted by Free-trade and the 
     
     ibrosking down of those barriers of restric- 
     
     tion which ths lots Cur had long built up 
     
     and maintained. But straight-foi-wsrdness 
     
    
   
   
    
     3' 
     
     0 
     
    
   
   
    
     Russian people nor their ru . 
     
     ‘thing in that country is enveloped in inys. 
     
    
   
   
    
     - ii‘ . sac‘ I, . 
     
     ~.".'.’....i' '.I.I.’.‘.;'1'§.~.l' 3'26: a:3...i2.. 3;. 
     
    
   
   
    
     were both equally taken by surprise, for’ 
     
    
   
   
    
     of purpose is neither charoctoristicEo'f that 
     
    
   
   
    
     parcntly based on tho soundsst principles 
     
     ‘often turn out to be more delusions. It is 
     
     now discovered, somewhat tardily,_ thiit_the 
     
     present nutocrat of all the Russians is a 
     
     faithful transcript of his far-ther,—-wily, de- 
     
     ceptive, ambitious, that be patched upthc 
     
     peace to secure breathing time for his ex- 
     
     hausted country, and that Museovite liumi- 
     
     liation in that conflict now seeks revenge 
     
     by casting to the winds all the professions 
     
     of aniity which secured for him the respect 
     
     and honour ofthe commercial and progres- 
     
     sive classes throughout Europe. 
     
    

    
     The spirit ofthe Russian diplomatic note, 
     
     which will be found in another column, and 
     
     which has been addressed to the agents of 
     
     Russia at the European courts, by Prince 
     
     Gortscnnkoff, is in effect is challenge to 
     
     England and France, for it says in sub- 
     
     stance that ifthe W'estern Powers attempt 
     
     to coerce the King of Naples into the adop- 
     
     tion of reforms necessary to prevent an oin- 
     
     break in Italy, or, in other words, a gene- 
     
     ral convulsion throughout Europe, Russia 
     
     will espouse the cause of the tyrannical 
     
     King, on the principle that he is a Sover- 
     
     eign in his own right, iind is justified in (lo- 
     
     ing what he likes with his own. The spirit 
     
     oftliis manifesto justifies the belief which 
     
     prevails that Russia will send her fleet for 
     
     this purpose to the Bay of Naples to op-I 
     
     pose those of England and France, and at 
     
     collision may arise. the consequences of 
     
     which cannot be overestiniiited. The po- 
     
     licy on which Russia has now deliberately 
     
     entered, and of which this circular is the 
     
     progi-aniuie, is so lofiy in its pretensions 
     
     and so insoleiit in its tone—-maintains tlic 
     
     “ l)iviiie Right of Kings" in ii form so ir- 
     
     recoiicilable with inodern, at all events, 
     
     with I-Lnglish feeling, that it is nothing iiioie 
     
     nor less than an insult to free opinions 
     
     tlirougliout the world, and us such will he 
     
     l'€St'llIt‘(l. lt is a very bad augury of ll.e 
     
     coiitiiiuanc-: of ])t'€IC(!-'-ll is an indication of 
     
     ilie l)I‘t'ul(lng oftlint cloud which will pre- 
     
     cipitate the fearful struggle between peo- 
     
     ples and rulers, and decide their preten- 
     
     sions of l't‘[)l'CSL'ltl8llVl3 institutions as op- 
     
     posed to despotic governincnt on the Con- 
     
     tinent of Euro ie. 
     
    

    
     The position of England lll this state of 
     
     things is sigiiular, and some say uudigniti- 
     
     ed. Our alliance with Fraiice continues ; 
     
     but in France a despotism prevails hardly 
     
     inferior to that of Russia herself. “'0 do 
     
     not undervalue the Frencli alliance, but 
     
     we preserve it at the expense ofconsistency. 
     
     France has objects in coercing the King of. 
     
     Naples with which England does not sym- 
     
     pathise. An explosion throughout Italy 
     
     would probably cause it blaze in France ; 
     
     and it is the fear of this calamity which in- 
     
     duces Louis Napoleon to press upon the 
     
     King of Naples. All the great European 
     
     Powers are huge despotisms, and they are 
     
     all insolvent ; for the maintenance of large 
     
     standing armies to suppress the popular 
     
     voice ends in financial ruin. Is tllere any 
     
     necessity for England to be dragged into 
     
     this struggle, with which we have nothing 
     
     to do, and from which we have nothing to 
     
     gain? If we set out on the knight-crrantry 
     
     of restoring constitutional privileges to all 
     
     the enslaved nationalities of Europe, we 
     
     ought, strictly speaking, to begin with light- 
     
     ing France, our nearest neighbour; and no- 
     
     thing, it occurs to us, can show the wisdom 
     
     ofa neutral attitude in our position more 
     
     forcibly than the fact that we cannot stir 
     
     in such a content without compromising 
     
     those principles of religious and civil free- 
     
    

    
     om to which we profess to be devoted. 
     
     The alliance of England and France was 
     
     formed to prevent Russia from swallowing 
     
     u i'I‘ni-key, and thus disturbing the territori- 
     
     al balance of Europe; but this object, 
     
     prnisowortby in itself‘, is very different from 
     
     the Western Powers becoming the Conser- 
     
     vative policemen of Europe, under the re- 
     
     tsnco of making a weak and foolish ing 
     
     carry out certain peddling reforms, while 
     
     the chronic vices of his Government re- 
     
     main intact. 
     
    
   
   
    
     When the British Government sought to 
     
     raise a German Le ion during the war in 
     
     the Crimea, an in ucsinsnt to enter the 
     
     service was made in the form of on ofsr to 
     
     convoy the soldiers when the contest was 
     
     ovsi-,to up English colony, mid to give each 
     
    
   
   
    
     man a piece of land to tilt. at tnno has 
     
     now arrived. and the col 
     
    
   
   
    
     which hasftlis hhgdotn 
     
     been selected is the Caps is Good Hope.’ 
     
    
   
   
    
     ‘T 
     
     Ths men composing this British German 
     
     Legion amount to 7000 of well trained 
     
     troops, but they hesitate to accept the 
     
     ofl'or of the Government heeaiise strong"- 
     
     temptations, it is said, have been tendered 
     
     by other Powers--by the Dutch, who do. 
     
     sire to send them to their own colon of 
     
     Baitaviii; by the King of Naples, who begin. 
     
     to feel uneasy at the cloud which is gather. 
     
     in: rounil him; and by the Republic of 
     
     l‘,~--i-:io.< /t_\'res, and others, who require 
     
     troops. The ndvaiitege, as far as we are 
     
     concerned, if we hiid sent them to the 
     
     Cape, would have been that they might 
     
     have assisted our own tioops there in keep- 
     
     ing the Catfros quiet. But we hope that 
     
     for the future the Cnflres will be kept down, 
     
     not by force but by afI'oction—by kind 
     
     treatment, and that piirenlal kind of colo- 
     
     nisation which raises the well-disposed and 
     
     easily trained savage to the refinements of 
     
     civilisation iind the lights of Cliristianity. 
     
    
   
   
    
     An appalling accident took place on 
     
     Wednesday last at ii coal-pit called the 
     
     llryn Melly, about two miles from Wrex. 
     
     hnni, North VVnles, which has produced a 
     
     serious loss of life. The accident was 
     
     caused by the water of an adjoining mine, 
     
     on a higher level, which has not been 
     
     worked for a great number of years, break- 
     
     ing suddenly into the Bryn Mnlly Coliery, 
     
     and drowning the miners. At the time of 
     
     the calamity there were upwards of ‘.200 
     
     hands employed, and it is pi-ovidential that 
     
     all of them were not destroyed. Owing, 
     
     however, to the quickness and cleverness 
     
     ofa boy, the son of one of the miners, who 
     
     gave the alarm, and saved his father's life 
     
     by rislti-‘g his own, niimbers of the men 
     
     contrived to reach the eye of the mine, 
     
     were hauled up, and thus escaped; but 
     
     others were less fortunate, iind on calling 
     
     over the niuster-roll it was found that l5 
     
     were missing--tlie number which perished 
     
     below. 
     
    
   
   
    
     A meeting was held in the early part of 
     
     the present week at Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
     
     to receive an address from the working 
     
     men of Genoa, and to raise subscriptions 
     
     for aiding in the emancipation of Italy. 
     
     Letters were read from Mazzini, pressing 
     
     for money payinents, and one of them 
     
     declared that insurrection alone could save 
     
     ltaly. There was also a comtnuiiication 
     
     from Garibaldi, dated Genoa, in which he 
     
     urged the same prayer. Some money was 
     
     subscribed. and a resolution was passed 
     
     recommending the object of the meeting to 
     
     the support ofthe pnblic.— Titan. 
     
    
   
   
    
     The Sardinian governmont has addressed 
     
     a circular to all the superiors of the con- 
     
     vents, suppressed by the law of May 29, 
     
     I855, summoning them to deliver up to the 
     
     authorities all the title deeds, contractgi 
     
     and registers, still in their possession, it 
     
     having been discovered that the clause of 
     
     the above law relating to such document! 
     
     has been in many cases eluded. 
     
    
   
   
    
     On the 29th, it was stated at the police- 
     
     oflice that the rosecution of the Connors, 
     
     in the case o the Blarney murder, had 
     
     cost the county 13000; and a post-office 
     
     case, where the value of the property sto- 
     
     len was about a penny, cost .£&l0 
     
    
   
   
    
     Census or ltussi.i.—°l‘hs .Mom'l¢ur do l’ 
     
     do-mes gives the following as the results of 
     
     the census ofthe Russian empire taken by 
     
     the order of the Emperor at the time of hi! 
     
     accession to the throne :—" The total num- 
     
     ber of the population amounts to 03,130.‘ 
     
     000. the principal elements of which giro 
     
     results iinknoivn to the rest of Europe. 
     
     The Clergy of the Russian church stand 
     
     for the enormous number of 510,000; Ill!‘ 
     
     or the tolerated crseds, 35,000; the hered- 
     
     itary nobility, l56,000; the petty boll!" 
     
     gsoisie, including discharged soldierl. 
     
     4Q5.0tl0; foreigners residing temporarily. 
     
     40,000; different bodies of ‘ossaclis colo- 
     
     nised on the Oural, the Den, the Wolgs, 
     
     the Black Sea, the Baikal, the Bnsohkirln 
     
     and the irregular Kslniucks, 9,000.0”; 
     
     the population of the towns. ll"? m'd‘",° “‘ 
     
     lower classes, Bfifliléuola; 33 l’3.P||:*"::.:f 
     
     the country arts,‘ , , t_ 9 
     
     ing tribes. d&I,(lD: the inhabitants Of  
     
     trons-Caucasian '3”. v 
     
     gr and, 5&3; IN 
     
     Greed Duchy or Finland. 1.100.000: -I