Americas, making it difficult to monitor specifically Canadian populations on 
     
     ,the wintering grounds. Nevertheless, some data are available for most 
     
     species from migration counts, the Breeding Bird Survey, Christmas Bird 
     
     Counts and specialized, focused research. programs (Kirk and Hyslop in 
     
     preparation)." (excerpted from D.A Kirk, D. Hussell, and E. Dunn, Raptor 
     
     population status and trends in Canada in Birds Trends) 
     
    
   
   
    
     Population Type of Changes 
     
     Turkey Vulture Increased significantly in the Mixed. Woods 
     
     ecoregion of eastern Canada. 
     
     Osprey Increased significantly since the early 19705. 
     
     Bald Eagle Increased significantly in counts at most 
     
    
   
   
    
     eastern migration sites and in Breeding Bird 
     
     __ Survey data from Mixed Woods of east. 
     
    

    
     Northern Harrier Counts at Hawk Mountain and Grimsby indicate 
     
     significant long-term increases while BBS data 
     
     showed a significant shorter term decline in 
     
     the Prairie ecoregion. 
     
    

    
     Sharp-shinned Hawk Trends are somewhat equivocal. Migration 
     
     count data from Hawk Mountain and Grimsby and 
     
     CBC data suggest increase. However, the 
     
     largest numbers by far of Sharp-shins migrate 
     
     through Cape May in New Jersey (an average of 
     
     nearly 40,000 birds per year from 1976 to 
     
    
   
   
    
     1987), where precipitous declines have 
     
     occurred in recent years. 
     
     Northern Goshawk Invasion peaks in Ontario in 1982—83 and 1991 
     
    
   
   
    
     and the irregular nature of invasions (8 to 11 
     
     year intervals) make longer-term trends 
     
     difficult to ascertain. 
     
    

    
     Red—shouldered Hawk Stable throughout eastern North America since 
     
     the 19705 with migration count data indicating 
     
     a non-significant decline while some counts 
     
     suggest slight increases. Cutting of mature 
     
     hardwoods in Ontario has been implicated in 
     
     declines there. 
     
    

    
     Broad-winged Hawk There are enough hints of declines in 
     
     migration counts in eastern North America to 
     
     target this species for a closer look. 
     
    

    
     Red-tailed Hawk Have benefitted from forest clearance and 
     
     thinning in Canada and more are overwintering 
     
     in Ontario. Significant increase in the west 
     
     while Hawk Mountain counts showing a 
     
     significant long-term decline. Overwintering 
     
     may play a partial role in the latter 
     
     observation. 
     
    

    
     Rough-legged Hawk Short-term fluctuations in response to rodent 
     
     populations make data interpretation difficult 
     
     but their population is apparently stable with 
     
     Hawk Mountain noting a significant long-term 
     
     increase. 
     
    

    
     American Kestrel Significant long-term increase at Hawk 
     
    
   
   
    
     -6-