The following article Mr. H. 
     
     R. Stewart. former Assis nt Bec- 
     
     retary Treasurer of the Province 
     
     and now of the Governor Gener- 
     
     al'a .stsi.'t, Ottawa. as reprinted 
     
     axiom a former issue of The Guar- 
     
    

    
     an. 
     
    
   
   
    
     The charm of Canada’; smhllest 
     
     Province seems to be interwoven in 
     
     the fabric of its history. when 
     
     Cartier discovered it on June 30- 
     
     July 1, 1534. he made record of his 
     
     impressitns in the following 
     
     words-. 
     
    
   
   
    
     "All the said land is low and 
     
     plaine and the fairest that 
     
     may possibly be scene. full 
     
     of goodly meadows and trees." 
     
    
   
   
    
     In the strenuous days of the 
     
     French ozcupaiion of Acadia, the 
     
     meat. Jean (as it was then call- 
     
     ed) was a haven of rest. sheltered 
     
     and apart from the surrounding 
     
     conflicts. 
     
    

    
     The ‘fall of Quebec followed that 
     
     of bouisburg, and in l'l63. Cape 
     
     Breton, The Island of st. John and 
     
     Canada were formally ceded 
     
     Great Britain. 
     
    

    
     In December. 1763. the Earl of 
     
     Egmont, then first Lord of the 
     
     Admiralty. presented an elaborate 
     
     memorial to the King, raying for 
     
     a grant of the whole land of 
     
     Saint John, to hold the same in 
     
     fee of the Crown forever., accord- 
     
     ing to a tenure described in the 
     
     said memorial. 
     
    

    
     On the supposition that the Isl- 
     
     and contained two million acres-— 
     
     for it had not then been surveyed 
     
     —he propcsed that the whole 
     
     should be divided into fifty parts 
     
     of equal extent, to be designated 
     
     Hundreds. as in England, or Bar- 
     
     onies, as in Ireland: forty of these 
     
    
   
   
    
     . to be granted to as many men, who 
     
    
   
   
    
     should be styled Lords of Hund- 
     
     reds, and each of whom should 
     
     pay to the Earl, as Lord Para- 
     
     mount, twenty pounds sterling 
     
     yearly. ' 
     
    

    
     on the property of the Earl-—to 
     
     w , with his family ad nine 
     
     children. ten hundreds were to be 
     
     allotted-—a strong castle was to be 
     
     erected, mounted with ten pieces 
     
     of cannon. each carrying a ball of 
     
     four pounds. with a circuit round 
     
     31: ‘castle of three miles every 
     
    

    
     Y» ‘ ‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     n . 
     
    
   
   
    
     Ambitions Schema 
     
    
   
   
    
     'rhe forty Hundreds or Baronies 
     
     were_ to be divided into . twenty 
     
     manors of two» thousand acres. 
     
     which manors were to be entitled 
     
     to roourt Baron. secordin to the 
     
     Common Law of limgl i no 
     
     Lord. of each Hundred was to set 
     
    

    
     five hundred acres for the 
     
     he of a township, which township 
     
     was to be divided into one hundred 
     
     lots of five acres each, and the 
     
     happy proprietors of five acres 
     
     were to pay a yearly free-farm 
     
     rent of four shillings sterling to 
     
     the Lord of the Hundred. Each 
     
     Hundred was to have a fair four 
     
     times a year, and a market twice 
     
     in‘ everv week. There were also 
     
     to be Courts Leets and courts 
     
     Baron. under the direction of the 
     
     Lord . Paramount. 
     
    

    
     A foot-note refexlng to these 
     
     Courts, attached hv the framers 
     
     of the memorial. indicates the-ideas 
     
     which were entertained at this time 
     
     in the o‘d country respecting pro- 
     
     tection of life and propertyin the 
     
     North American colonies: "These 
     
     Conrts-established by Alfred and 
     
     others of our Saxon mess. to 
     
    
   
   
    
     maintain order. and bring justice ' 
     
    
   
   
    
     to ’every man's door—are obviously 
     
     essential for a small people, form- 
     
     ing or formed in a small society 
     
     in the vast, impervious. and dan- 
     
     gerous, forests .01 America‘: ‘inter- 
     
     sected with seas, bays, lakes, rivers. 
     
     marshes. and mountai ;.,with,out 
     
     roads, without inns or a orninodr 
     
     tions, locked up for‘ half the year 
     
     byssnow and intense frost. and 
     
     where the settler can scarce strag- 
     
     glc frmn his habitation five hun- 
     
     dred yards. even in times of peace. 
     
     without risk of being intercepted, 
     
     scalped, and murdered” 
     
    
   
   
    
     land Tenor-es 
     
    
   
   
    
     ‘lb epitomise the proposal: there 
     
     was to be a Lord Paramount of 
     
     the whole Island: forty Capital» 
     
    

    
     of forty Hundreds, four 
     
     lords of Manors, and 
     
    
   
   
    
     Lo 
     
     g . n , mice . . 
     
     gin taiil drred 1) I 
     
      of - the‘ I s°Afiler'Ftelii!m:" 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     7:"  
     
    
   
   
    
     .   up   
     
     Story Reviewed. by Mr. H._R_. ‘Ste 
     
    
   
   
    
     - Victoria. 
     
    
   
   
    
        
     
    
   
   
    
     ederdtioh 
     
    
   
   
    
     « 
     
    
   
   
    
     eight hundred thousand 
     
     to be set a rt for .estab1_ishment 
     
     for trade an commerce in the most 
     
    
   
   
    
     suitable parts of the island. inolud-= 
     
    
   
   
    
     ing one county town. forty market 
     
     towns, and four hundred v‘ ' : 
     
     each Hundred or Barony was to 
     
     consist of somewhat less »-than 
     
     eight’ square miles. and the lord 
     
     of each was bound to erect and 
     
     maintain forever a castle or block- 
     
     house as thotcapital seat on his 
     
     property, and as a place of re- 
     
     treat and rendezvous for the set- 
     
     tlers; and thus, on any alarm of 
     
     sudden danger, every taut 
     
     might have a place of securit 
     
     within four miles of his habitan . 
     
     A cannon fired at one of the castles 
     
     would be heard..at the next, and 
     
     thus the firing would 
     
    

    
     regular order from can to castle 
     
     and be the means, adds the noble 
     
     memorial. “of putting every inhabi- 
     
    
   
   
    
     tant of the whole Island undu pmvmoe. 
     
    
   
   
    
     arms and in motion in the space 
     
     cflgrxis quartervof an hour." c 
     
    

    
     Egmon s yer was no 
     
     granted. and in 1%: the Island 
     
    
   
   
    
     was, in one day, apportioned amons 
     
    
   
   
    
     to persons having real or imaginary 
     
    
   
   
    
     claims a ainst the crown. The 
     
     divisions sing numbered, a 
     
     ing of lots from a hat took place 
     
     in london. wl 
     
     districts in Prince Edward 
     
    

    
     bare tgday referred to as Lot 30. not 
     
    

    
     , e 
     
    
   
   
    
     Absentee La.nilloI'dlsm 
     
    
   
   
    
     The apportionment of land in 
     
     th's manner gave rise to a condi- 
     
     tion of, absentee lamiiordism 
     
     which was a bone of contention 
     
     in the Oolony for upwards of 3 
     
     hundred years. The late Rt. Hon. 
     
     .Sir Louis Davies entered upon his 
     
     brilliant career when as a younc 
     
     man he was Crown council in con- 
     
     nection with the purchase of lands 
     
     from the proprietors. _ ‘ 
     
    

    
     The coat-oi-Arms granted to 
     
     this _srnall Colony in 1769 shows a 
     
     large tree which tradition says is 
     
     the 03.: or England under which 
     
     are three small Laurels represent- 
     
     ing the counties of" Kings, Queens 
     
     and Prince. The» Iatin inscrip: 
     
     tion reading “Parva-aab-Ingcnati 
     
     is from Virgil, and is read literally 
     
    
   
   
    
     any as despatches f uently were 
     
     ‘misdirected to St.’ fin - 
     
     fcundland. or saint John, New 
     
     Brunswick. » ‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     , Selkirk Bettlsnsaat 
     
    
   
   
    
     some. or the proprietors lived up 
     
     to their obligations and brou ht 
     
     out settlers, a notable example - 
     
     in that of lord Selkirk who came 
     
     wi a party of 800 of his country- 
     
     men in the ear 1808 to a district 
     
     , which some authori- 
     
     aim to be called after Bel- 
     
     fast in Ireland and others say is 
     
     a corruption of the French Belle 
     
     Face, is beautiful hillside. 
     
    

    
     Lord Selkirk in a description of 
     
     the settlement has this to say: I 
     
     hm th late in the evening, and it 
     
    

    
     en a very striking ap 
     
     ance. Each family had kindi?s.d“l-r 
     
     large fire near their wigwaxn. and 
     
     rnundthess were assembled groups 
     
     of figures. whose peouliarnationai 
     
     dress added to 
     
    
   
   
    
     I 2 
     
    
   
   
    
     0115; 
     
     the 
     
     At the 
     
    
   
   
    
     end of this line of encampment I 
     
     and was ‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     looked to nothing less than a res- 
     
     :4r>‘ii'at'i'on of the happy days oi’ clan- 
     
     D. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Scotch Pioneers 
     
    
   
   
    
     The scotch have played an im- 
     
     portant part in the d 
     
     of the Province. Even 
     
     settlements are redominantly 
     
     Scotch. and s eh service en- 
     
     tirely in the Gaelic language is not 
     
     uncommon. For many years the 
     
     prorogation or the Provincial Deg- 
     
     islairure would not be considered 
     
     com leto without the singing 
     
    
   
   
    
     of a 
     
     ' ...‘£€'as.‘.ii;."ei§ll.§i«isli’;tl' 
     
    
   
   
    
     . . wn . 
     
     ' BMW IN 
     
     “,""'-’t-..i."%"'&'tai 
     
    
   
   
    
     was hoped 
     
     B-N: surviving son and 
     
    
   
   
    
     evelopment in birth 1 
     
     today, wholes h‘i'i"m'§§§° ' W ° ' " 
     
    
   
   
    
        
     
    
   
   
    
     man ‘ 
     
     brush‘? 
     
    
   
   
    
         
     
    
   
   
    
     QUOOD. A 
     
    
   
   
    
     Birth of flonfederaiion 
     
     In thes 
     
    
   
   
    
     lstivs ' 
     
    

    
     of Nova Bccth. New Brunswick 
     
     Prince miwsrd ‘ assed reso- 
     
     lutions in favour of a conference 
     
     to consider avllnivn’ of 
     
     moss by the sea. 
     
     the Ame 
     
    
   
   
    
     and 
     
    
   
   
    
     prcvailedfin‘ the Marltimes. The 
     
    
   
   
    
     were 
     
     Downlns stseet urged . 
     
    

    
     The decision to. sit at (1iarlotte- 
     
     town was , bascdon the 
     
     view that e Island was separate 
     
     and apart from the cross currents 
     
     of the ma . " ' 
     
    

    
     sir John llaodcnald heard of the- 
     
    

    
     ropcsed meetingéfanldahc inquired 
     
    
   
   
    
     might attend. An “menu” 
     
    
   
   
    
     seeking union, and 
     
    
   
   
    
     4 therefore sent and the delegates 
     
    
   
   
    
     from Canada arrived at Charlotte- 
     
     town on August Slat. - 
     
    

    
     On that day a circus was in full 
     
     swing. andneari all the members 
     
     of the Island inet were watch- 
     
     ing. the elephants and the lions. 
     
     one Mlnistor, however, was avail- 
     
     able. and together with his young 
     
     son. he went out in a small boat 
     
     to the ship's side. and as the 
     
     steamer cause to anchor in the 
     
     harbour, he extended a welcome 
     
     to the visitors. It is interesting 
     
     to note that the small boy. in after 
     
     years. became sir John's Private 
     
     secretary and biographer. 
     
    

    
     In 1914. upm the occasion of 
     
     the fiftieth anniversary of the 
     
     Charlottetown conference, the Do- 
     
     minion Government 
     
    
   
   
    
     h is V "M" ' 
     
     '31} Charla  was then the 
     
     sole survivor of the delegates. but 
     
     owing tobis great age it was not 
     
     possible for him to cornsv from 
     
     nigland. - . 
     
    
   
   
    
     It that me of the 
     
     5 of 
     
    
   
   
    
     lets 
     
     the Fathers of confederation’ woul ’ 
     
     totown 
     
    
   
   
    
     September i. 914. but.unfortun- 
     
     ataiy the Wnr intervened and the 
     
     arr-angemen were cancelled. - 
     
    
   
   
    
     Thehblet Described 
     
    
   
   
    
     'I'he hronse tablet. executed by 
     
     Hamilton Moos:-thy. is a~fine ex- 
     
     ample of the work of that ,well- 
     
     known sculptor and man genius. 
     
    
   
   
    
     and contains «a n . 
     
     SW7 which is of increasing value 
     
     as the years pass. 
     
    

    
     At the top. on a 'eystone. are 
     
    
   
   
    
     the Irn rial arms ti th 
     
     folds ogethe Union guest: 
     
    
   
   
    
     at each oorner~—Ontarlo, Quebec, 
     
     Nova sootia and New Brunswick. 
     
    
   
   
    
     ‘on the ioueifasoe or the tablet 
     
    
   
   
    
     is the former Ofinadian shield ‘con- 
     
     tainlnz the , oi the nine Pro- 
     
     vinces. and in e centre of the 
     
     bronze‘ is the t of Prince - 
     
     ward Island. pillars form the 
     
     right and left skies of the frame, 
     
     thereby t-vine Memorial to 
     
    

    
     ‘old Oouncil 
     
    
   
   
    
     aimiia tum" the 
     
     Oilanrlllbrp.  
     
    
   
   
    
     The names Qfiflle delegates are 
     
    
   
   
    
     on ribbons in margins. and th‘ 
     
    

    
     wording of that ription is: "I: 
     
     the heartsand , dsolthedele- 
     
     gates assemb ‘in this room on 
     
    
   
   
    
     Se tembe ‘I081. bo 
     
     ssteiihrsrifissié? 
     
     ter than they an?-w."°y ‘ ‘F 
     
     A examination of 
     
     tablet shows a herald on the 
     
    
   
   
    
     - are 
     
    
   
   
    
     on the left are five f s 
     
     in classical attire. The portrait 
     
     heads are easily recognized asrep. ' 
     
     resenting, from left to right, Sir 
     
     John Macdonald from Ontario or 
     
     Upper Oanada, Sir George Cartier 
     
     from Quebec or wet qslnada, sir 
     
    
   
   
    
     %° _ 
     
     - % £|—,'.l?)!lr1‘n }.'f-'{ia}:3a}il3‘a- lg‘; 
     
    
   
   
    
     1: Edward Island, 
     
    
   
   
    
     -National Wdr 
     
    
   
   
    
     rfllt I} 
     
    
   
   
    
     g . 
     
     O3. 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
         
     
         
     
    
   
   
    
     grgg.   
     
     ‘€335 
     
    
   
   
    
          
     
    
   
   
    
     :5 
     
     it ‘ 
     
     iri- 
     
     si r 
     
    
   
   
    
     E 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
         
     
        
     
    
   
   
    
     § 
     
     2 
     
    
   
   
    
            
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     rti 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     E 
     
     is 
     
     2 E 
     
     t 
     
     sg‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     Mao_donaldhoids.aetoeshis 
     
     thefiabol oi msdeine. 
     
     inc ohithas been a 
     
     that even as didlloses 
     
     w 
     
    

    
     the 
     
     were 
     
    
   
   
    
     Princess Elizabeth's 
     
     Bedroom 
     
    
   
   
    
     3 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     Ive we hear about Prin- 
     
     gfi‘ I H “"339 d3" tells u 
     
     Union.’ thes-ebyvp curing many of the Vghqwomanhuoxgd 1‘ fl;m  
     
     ngo(u1gqgy_,. -lflfilloutoftliestagewhsnshg 
     
     « could Hill! I night-nursery mm 
     
     M Sir John's feet are a locomo- her younger Ister. 
     
     tive.ashes-f of wheat. ,3 abenowhasaroomorimon 
     
     scythe. which remind us that when has been decanted mm. 
     
    

    
     theraiis laid. instohcrowntaste. Itilsscr 
     
     tered the union, and when prorn- nd quilted rose-pink chm. 
     
     lsed the Track of . Bri d chair covers gm 
     
     her art-shaped 
     
    
   
   
    
     4 
     
    
   
   
    
     Oolunbia 
     
     "".'° 
     
     merit and prosperity. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Bluehyaoinths ans_much nav- 
     
     oured inntlie Royal gardens at 
     
     B 
     
    
   
   
    
     Prue”. mmaniiator how a 0! 
     
     ular. rigwer suddenly bo- Dink Ind - - 
     
    

    
     . There B a tissue was born in oismu 
     
     blue hyacinths at Castle. her little wooden bed 1“; 
     
     and also at Mari- its four corner-knobs carved in the 
     
     bomugh gauge shape of seottish thistles. Her 
     
     them are to be 
     
     done of 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     name-flowers, the margueritc and 
     
    
   
   
    
     'found in the gar-) 
     
     Palace. the rose, on the headboard. 
     
    
   
   
    
     A National War ‘Memorial 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     “V, ._  ..lr. . 
     
    
   
   
    
     Amonu the various important ceremonies which was 
     
     broadcast by CBO fmmfltfawa during the visit of Their 
     
     -llalcrtics. ting King ¢oul,Qus’en, was the unveiuna or the 
     
     Hcmorialéou 1'IiursHau. luv 18, at 3.00 W"- 
     
     EDST. The memorial. pictured above with a corner of the 
     
     Chateau caumr visible in the bwc , d, was designed 
     
     by Vernon March, who‘ dledbbfors the actual construction 
     
     was began. It was carried to completion by his six brothers 
     
     and his sister, and it is without doubt one of the most im- 
     
     ureseive produced since the Great War. The memorial con- 
     
     sists of a great archway of Laursntian granite surmounted i' 
     
    
   
   
    
     :2:~::vzr::;::':r;.'*::::.** '*‘°*"*"W‘**‘—""“"'"*“‘""‘