, PAGE mun‘ ‘ THEWGUARDIAN Aulhorhod ‘u lcoud Olly Mall Post office Doporbont. Ottawa. ‘rho Island Gui-dlsn Publishing 00. President and Associate Editor. In A. Burnett. Associate Editor, I-‘rank Walker. cmcumrion “Coven Prince Edward Island like the dew’ "The strongest memory is weaker than the weakest ink". CHABLOTTETOWN. open Prisons WEDNESDAY, FEB. 25, 1953 There is a group of prisons in Britain in which over eighty per cent of the pris- oners who come to prison for the first time do not come back. That remarkable record is held by the open prisons which have developed since 1930, largely because of the shortage of accommodation in the conventional prisons of locked cells and high walls. I The Director of Prison Administration, ' Mr. R. Duncan I-‘airn, writes in The Spec- tator describing a number of these open prisons. All of them have something “in common, however they may differ in the type of prisoner received, the work done or ~ the premises provided. At them all life ' is strenuous. Work -is plentiful; weather conditions often challenge the spirits of even the hardiest pioneers, and the stand- . ard of discipline demanded is very high. The spirit of these prisons derives from y the existence of a very real sense of com- munity based on self-respect and trust be- tween prisoners and the relatively few staffigovernors, assistant governors, of- ficers, teachers and technical instructors.‘ The succ s or otherwise of the plan de- pends upon he process of informed selec- ' tion. Prisoners guilty of violent crimes or of nomadic habits are excluded and any prisoner who misbehaves or shows that he is in any way unfitted for the corporate life of a camp is imnwdiately transferred to a closed prison. 3‘ The experience of the British in this field is encouraging to places like ‘this Prov- ince where prison accommodation is in- adequate and where the influence of de- tention in small_ jails without opportunity ' for useful work militates against the re- form of offenders. A farm prison could keep suitable prisoners fully occupied dur- ing their detention and leave them in a more healthful state of mind on release. Sound Advice To Bacon Producers Of special interest in this banner bacon _ _ producing Province of the Dominion is a 3 point discussed in a recent letter of the Industrial and Development Council of Canadian Meat Packers. Briefly, the point is this: Until after World War 1 the farmers of . the United States and Canada produced the V ‘ fat China hog. The United States farmers, ‘ by and large, still do. But when in 1920- 21, we sought a market for surplus bacon in the United Kingdom we found. that the fat hog was not wanted. The - British market insisted upon the thin, meaty Yorkshire hog. And the British gotthe very type of bacon they liked bes from Denmark. Canadian farmers had to compete and thus promoted the magnifi- cent effort on the part of farmers, packers, agricultural schools, universities, and gov- ernments to switch over from the fat to the thin type of hog. ' When this was accomplished, a satisfac- tory market for our surplus bacon was found in the United Kingdom until 1951 when, due to financial difficulties, the Bri- tish ceased to buy. The outbreak of foot and mouth disease shortly after shut off exports to the United States. The United States embargo is soon to be lifted. Against this background the Council’s letter puts the point as follows: “In viegv of the above circumstances some hog pro- ducers and others have expressed the opin- ion that as we no longer ship _Wiltshire sides to Britain, our whole programme of quality production and grading of hogs and bacon is out-dated, as it was based on the production of Wiltshires. They have pointed out,’ probably correctly, that our main future market will be in the United States; that the U. S. market does not pay quality premiums as we have known them; . that the Canadian swine industry should ' now forget production of the more special- ized bacon hog and turn its -attention to the ‘easier-produced’ fatter hogs such as are sold in the United States." The letter goes on to say that those who hold sucli views overlook some important - ‘ facts. Consumer preference herein Can- ‘ ads has swung sharply away from fat to lean pork. lard has yielded placecto vege- ’ and synthetic shortenlngs. Lard ty price of ll've half as much. _-.«._:,.=,....._.., a. .- ' _ ing writ. ' fcctin all this is that ' ' THE GUARDIAN. follow the pattern of the British and Can- adian market. A marked preference is be- coming apparent there for the lean hog. Thus all our past achievements in breeding will now aid our hog producers in entering the United States market. Before the foot and mouth disease embargo our bacon was establishing a definite price premium south of the border. As the Council says: “We now have that better hog. It has taken a lot of improvement and work to get it. 'Just as we are on the eve of the sternest competition for markets we have yet ex- perienced, it would not seem wise to de- liberately abandon or‘_slacken any of- the methods by which that improvement has been effected.” - This statement is in line with the advice given repeatedly to our Island producers by Mr. Harold Clay and other officials, and is well worth heeding at this critical junc- ture. ' Emergency Powers The House of Commons debate on the Emergency Powers Act, still in progress at Ottawa, has disclosed some dissatisfaction with its terms, and has failed to bring out a concept of emergency sufficiently well defined to prevent an abuse of power. The government itself, by a simple Parliament- ary majority, can declare a state of emer- gency; and the present government has merely said that an emergency is by defi- nition a state of “apprehended war.” In 1950 and 1951, shortly after the fighting in Korea began, most Canadians would have agreed that a state of appre- hended war did indeed exist. The govern- ment was obliged then to exercise special power _to rule by order-in-council in the interest of security. But there is some doubt, at least in Parliament, that a state of. “apprehended war” still exists. It is a shifty definition of an emergency, chang- ing with the times, and meaning almost whatever the government wants it to mean. For example Justice Minister Garson is quoted as saying: “Whether we .look at Iran or at the Balkan states, or Malaya, or Indo-China, or Korea, or Tunisia or Mor- occo or South Africa, or many other places in the world today—or, indeed, regarding the continuation of the war in Korea- there is no less of an emergency today than there was in 1951." When,Mr. Diefenbaker, MP for Lake Centre, asked what South Africa had to do with it, Mr. Garson re- plied: “Unrest, wherever it may be, does not add to the feeling of security, so far as an emergency is concerned.” This seems to mean, comments The Citizen, that in the government's view, un- rest anywhere in the world results in a state of "apprehended war", is a threat to Canada's security, and warrants passage of the Emergency Powers Act. Yet surely this cannot be what the government actual- ly means. Clarification of the circum- stances which would justify the Emergency Powers Act is badly needed. Otherwise, a Canadian government could seek very wide powers on the ground that oil expropria- tion in Iran, disturbances in Bolivia or saber-rattling in the Balkans threaten Can- ada’s security. The world being what it is, there would always be an excuse to ask for emergency powers, whether the threat to Canada's security is real or fancied. i ‘ EDITORIAL NOTES Summerside is belying its name by holding ice racing on the harbour this mildest of winters. O The gesture of Russia in providing re- lief funds for flood relief in Britain is a decidedly friendly one. Mr. Churchill did well not to look a gift horse too closely in the mouth. 0 O The soldier who trained and led the first Canadian brigade to fight in Korea. is now Brig. John Rockingham, C.B., having been invested by the Queen as a Companion of the Order of the Bath, military division. Even those most opposed ,to feudal titles must be glad to see an appropriate award of an order of chivalry. I O Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher and critic, was born this date 1866. In his philosophy Aristotelian concepts virtually disappear, intuition becomes all-important because reality is. exhausted by the four pure concepts—Truth, Beauty, Usefulness and Goodness. He and his pen were active against anti-liberal forces but such was his prestige that even Mussolini did not take drastic measures against him. I O O This 1-"rovince’s Deputy ‘Minister of Public Workii and‘Hlghways saw the dikes of Holland none too soon, many of them having been breeched soon after his study. Dutch ‘engineers -will be fully occupied for a’ long. time to come their own defences against the sea and will-have lit- tlé time to help‘out with problems else- «eh.» also beginning to PUBLIC FORUM This column is open lo the discussion by l'0l'l'1‘t _iomlriits of questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessar- ily endorso the opinion of correspondent; U. S. POTATO DUMPING Sir,—In twelve months the dumping of duty free potatoes on our Canadian market has happen- ed three times. first last. February. again in October, new again in February 1953. Now, just. what is going to be done about it? When the C. F. A. met for their annual convention at Victoria, 13. 0., with delegates from all over Canada, including the Maritime Provinces, I thought that surely some of the Maritime delegates would bring before that conven- tion a resolution concerning this serious matter, and although they brought in some 37 different. res- olutions from all over Canada, not anywhere could I find one report that anyone had brought in a res- olution asking Olil‘ government at Ottawa to stop duty-free potatoes from coming into Canada. If the U. S. farmer wants to ship in here, either by rail or truck, all right, but let him pay the same rate of duty as we do, shipping our potatoes into the U. S. markets. Last October or the first days of November I was talking with a well known dealer and shipper and he told me that he had been talking with his broker in Montreal. His broker told him: “Fifty cars of America npotatoes have arrived in Montreal, and more on the way Watch your step." This was the first crack of the potato price last fall. Now again on Feb. 20 over the ~farm news fmm Halifax, we hear that the Maine farmers have a large quantity of Green Moun- taln potatoes, that although their keeping quality is good. they, for some reason, are not wanted on the American market. Also that the Maine shippers were going to put them on the Canadian market at cut-throat prices. This, especially for the Maritimes, spells only dis- aster for those engaged in agri- culture; as potatoes is one of our main cash crops. This coupled with the fact that the new Amer- icun crop is just around the corner, when they, too. will be shipped in free.’ The only time vie have a duty on potatoes coming in is in late spring when our seasons crop has been shipped. We come now to the plain fact, why should we oi the Murillmes hr: compelled to suffer for this unfair ti'"de treaty? In Friday's Guardian I note that. on March 5, Mr. Charles Yeo. as one.of the executives of the C. F. A. representing the Mail- umes. will meet the Dominion Cab- inet. to make the annual presenta- tion of a brief based on decisions arrived mt, at the annual meeting in Victoria, B. C. Is there anything wrong with the Provincial directors, secretary and president meeting right. away to see if they could come to any ncluslon regarding this question of duty-free potatoes entertngloanadel I don't think that they would be interfering with politics if they waited on our Provincial Govei-mnenf. to seek theii-‘advice and help: also con- tact. our four members of Parlia- ment st Ottawa. They could also get. in touch with the C. P. A. of our neighbouring Provinces asking for their help and co-operation that they, too, might seek the help of their sitting representatives at Ottawa. If everyone would pull together and get the wheels grinding. por- hsps this unfair situation would be cleared up. . I know the time is very short between now and March 5 when the C. P. A. executive meets the Dominion cabinet.-. But why not give Mr. Yeo something definite to work on in this matter in his capacity as representative for, the three Maritime Provinces? I am, Sir, etc. Kelly’! Green. The lnscng root. valued in on- olont 0 in: for its I posed medic- lllll qualities. [TOW] ll HOMO ‘Illi- em Utfildllll woods. where. I. . J. I. GORMAN ' ' CHARLOTTETOWN ' Swan Song‘? While Pompeii was it commercial city and boasts more ruins of Shops and warehouses, it was to their villas at I-Ierculaneum that the we3—t.o-do merchants retired imm the cares of business. In Herculaneum many of the Roman rich had their summer houses with an ocean view. Almost the entire excavated portion of Herculsneuim is resi- dential and one sees .how the bourgeois and the holidaying idle- rlch enjoyed life in tihe 50's and 60's A.D. (I-lerculaneum was destroyed in 79 AD. by low: and ashes from the nearby volcano Vesuvius.) The villas were two, sometimes three storeys high, built of brick and wood with wide-euved wooden roofs, Windows on to the streets were small and fanclfully grilled since the residents preferred to .19 their living in privacy. . . . Despite this lack of window space light was abundant, for, in mos‘: houses the rooms were built round a spacious, mosaic court with an open roof. A fountain, or a decorative tiled pool for mwhinfi the rain water in- Va|‘iBlb1.V traced the court. which was also an excellent reception mm and showing-oir place for the iamiits choicest pieces of statuary. The housewives of I-lerculaneum '3V1d9IlilY he-d B say in the ppm. Hing. as the kitchens were usually placed at the back of the house, “Way from the living quarters. but “Di? 50 flu‘ from the dining-room hat. food oiillled before it could e served, 0 0 . Water 101‘ We home of leaden pipesrywgg 3 2,1“: so was central heating. Residents apparently did not subscribe to the Dresent.-day illusion that the southern Italian climate isn't cold ",1 wi“W- LHPIIE Clflll hot-twater pipes ran between the walls of the houses and furnaces were installed "Dill back" or in the basements. A'm°nlZ handy kitchen game“ dreamed up for better kitchen ‘“’}‘l5ihln8 was a special oblong ‘Tying Dan for cooking fish, with it ill) at one side to make the Douriniz ofif waste grease easier, ‘If the AD 60 family did not wish to dine at home they could so to any one of several restaur- ants, whloh featured indoor din. ing-rooms with glass sun roofs for winter, and dining on the term,“ to the music of it special Herculans eiun band. in Summer. Most families had a swimming pool in the garden, and the more Wefllbhy managed a private bath, but being sociable. tihey also spent much of their time at the public baths. bnlkins over the politics in Rome or the state of the markets a . fig, .£;.&:_,#;‘_-. . 9 Life In Herculaneum ‘(Chrlstinii Science Monitor) WWW bUi1d1Il€s_ in the excava- tions, was divided info two sections: for men and for women. Th'~"Y ¢°miD1‘i£ed dressing-rooms with individual clothing closets, warm rooms and hot. rooms with d€9l1 marble bathing tanlm. The me" also were 5llPDli.ed with a cold balzh. The men's swimming pool was globe-shaped with a glemed window in the roof and pale blue walls painted with fbh designs. The “$50098. mosados and orna- ments at Hemulanetnn are in good condition and have retained their colors much better than those at Pompeii. because, while destroying ash and pumice rained down on the commercial centre, the lava flowed slowly, almost gently. like wax. over I-Ierculsneum. eiicasing and Weserving it. until the coming of the s.'. haeologlsts. Old Charlottetown (And 1-. I. 1. 1 ADVERTISEMENTS From the Royal Gazette. Aug. 7. 1832: "Mr. Henry J. Jenkins. member of the Royal College of Surgeons. London, and Licentiate of Apoth- ecaries’ Hall, begs leave to an. nounce bo the inhabitants of Char- lottetown and ltsyiclnity. and the Island in general. his intention of immediately entering upon the practice of the various branches of his profession." “Traveller's Rest Revived. *- The subscriber intimates to the inhabitants of Prince Edward 11- land that he has opened a Tavern in the House formerly occupied by Mr. John Jury, where the Traveller may be assured every. thing will be done to afford com- fort. on reasonable terms Good sthbllng. -1-IENRY McNEII..L." ‘The subscriber having Just. ar- rived on the Island. begs respect- fully to inform the inhabitants thereof. that he professes teach. ing the following Arts, in the house lately occupied by Mr. John Le Gyt, near Mr. Blnns's. Pownal street: Making Artificial Fruits. executed with the most accurate lesembl to nature. $5; Oriental Tinting. :5; Painting on Velvet. $5: Painting on ground Glass, 85; Jlbannlng, $5; Inleying, in imita- tion of Ivory, Ebony, :5; Crys- tallization of Fruit and Flower Baskets. $3; Embossing on Bristol Boards. $3; cyntalusation of Tin. SI; making Transparent tracing Panel‘. 81: Transferring Lithograph- ic Prlnts on Wood. 85; Mezzo. unto Drawinr. $5; Stamping or Prlntlng on satin, Silk. or Muslin. $2; making Pastry, :5. Each art to be paid for on recclvlnrthe first at Pompeii. . The bath, one of the best pre- last Lesson. Pupllrmoy attend at ,, . ». I -A COMPLETE insunmcs "sE_‘.RVfcli'._ . tM.I(. Itogrs A8GllGi08‘:l.lllI.l.i_0ll ‘ ‘":::“?:.;‘:‘.f..:":.'t+* ‘ "' 1». r. I." AoEu'rs.rii3oUcnf'5_Ufr-rift: rnovuica ,- t t : 9 Lesson. and the materials at the { I S‘ /. Notes Bx g. some ‘scientists him prod 3 food, some say they are. and still other scientists Just keep their mouths shut. That isn't good enough. An industry cm never be soundlybased on evidence of that kind.—.1'-‘ormerb Advocate. A nnnlnin I a flu luri- ed in the North sy area. The growing possibility that commer- cill electric power may be ob- tained from uranium indicates on almost unlimited market for this metal in the future. It could be al- most as valuable a source of in- dustirial expansion as hydro-elec- trig power. — Ottawa citizen. U. K. exports of radio-active isotopes for peaceful purposes are increasing rapidly, and some _4.ooo consignments are expected to be sent abroad this year com- pared with only twenty-three in INS. Number of consignments rose to no in 1949. 1.290 in 1950 and 2.310 in 195i. — This Week in Britain. During Coronation Week at Owen Sound, an ox may be rout.- ed behind the city hall, following the ancient British custom. which ieminlis us that we have not seen an ox for 9. long, long while. What has happened to them? Of course there must be many of them still ‘around. Else how could we have ox-tail -B0llp?—.Fort William Times- Joumal. . A woman wrote the medical eon- sultant of a Chicago newspaper the other day to ask whether one should sleep with one's head point- ing north, ‘as Charles Dickens sl- wsys recommended. At the risk of being cited for practicing medicine without a. licence. we say the ans- wer should be yes, in all cases where the feet are pointing south. —cleveiund Plain Dealer. An Ontario Mil’ urges that beav- ers should he enlisted to promote water conservation. If he had sug- gested forest conservstion we would have taken him to task and have been certain of the support of the supei-lntenden‘ of waterton Park. At the park we hear some of the new-ly-planted trees on the boule- vards along the lakeshorc have al- ready been destroyed by as tribe of beavers that have bored their way almost: down to the roots to de-‘ stray some of the young trees. Beaver may be able to conserve water but they do love to destroy trees. ——Lcth-bridge Herald. ii. man, in seeking a position, de- scribed himself as a "general fac- iiny time that suits their own con- venience. — A. STUMBLE-S. A footnote to the latter an- nouncement intimstes that "Mrs. S. intends keeping a Day School for young Ladies, and will com- mence on Monday next. she will teach Reading. Writing, Arming- tic, Plain and Ornamental Needle- work, and will feel greatly oblig- ed to those Parents who "may favour her with the tuition of userud totum." thsttgtznutocs on not I weight- The other day we noted where ‘ 1 FEBfRU..A}RY, *- The " i ‘.1 . Once it cc 1 -«mom now u uae<i’.“’“£.’“.. °f.'.‘.“.; 3.‘. the casualties of this. speciallzed no. A ‘general ‘actotum wug ,0,‘ of s high-level handy man. He was We 01 VIIM °XP0HOXlce8 and skills which would fit himfor many ail. lerwtoocuisntion.-. If not an ex- but in several fields. of least in was sufficiently well ucqvuaimeu with them to do‘ I -pmnblg job_ And ‘be had the aptitude for catch. in On Quickly to work with which he mleht not be familiar. —-Wind- _l0I‘ Star. An automotive expert I: predict. mg that "in the future" motor vchlcles will be built to last 10. 20 or even 30 years. That won't. be so much different. Millions of service. able car: today are more than l0 years old. -Ottawa Journal. You -odn’t. legislate anybody Inn. fightcoimieu. That's what the Rev. J. A Mclnnis, moderator of the Presbyterian church in can. add. means when he says that censorship won't improve Cami. dlan morals. "The onus is on the church and parents through the process of education and in the higher things such as truth and beauty." declares the moderate;-_ Decency and morality are internal thintffl. They spring from the heart. “To the pure all things are pure" simply means that if a per- son’: mind is clean, filth can't. hurt him. Censorship cures noth- ing. It treats the symptom rather tlinn the disease. —- The Vancou- ver Sun. SIMPLEX MUNDITIS Still to be neat. still to be drest. As you were going to I feast; Still to be powdei-‘d, still pei-f body. it is to be presumed, Though art's hid causes are not ed: found, All is not sweet, all is not sound. Give me a look, give me a face That makes simplicity a grace: Robes loosely flowing. hair as free: Such sweet neglect more taketh me Then all th' adulteries of art; They strike mine eye, but not my heart. —(Ben Johnson. (1573-1637» ‘raw.-i\_«—e ..-...—«..s-- »l\’.\«‘ ' -.;n¢-u/ The Age-Old stoiyi For Ill lint is In the world. the lust of the flesh. and the lust. of the owl. and the pride of life. is not of the Father, but is of the world. And the world pssooth :- woy. and the hut thereof: but he that doelh the will of God Abldclh their children." for ever. PROFESSIONAL CARDS Palmer & Haslcim A. J. IIASLAM. B.A.. LLB. Barrister. Etc. Bank of Nov: Scotln Olumberp Charlottetown, P. E. 1. MONEY 'l'0_ LOAN A. .Woltl1en Golder. LLB. BABBISTEB. SOLICITOH. EM. Plullipi snlldlng ill Grafton street Money to been 1‘ " J. S. Taylor OPTOMETBIST Eyes Examined, Ginsu: Fitted Corner Kent. and Queen Sta. Office Phone l956—Ilouu I018 MocI’liee 8: Trainer 8. F. MIcPflI!lEo ‘A.. 13.0. E. SOMEIILED TBAINOB. ILA. larrllten. En. . _._.___.._._._.:...._.. Gender 8: l-ldszurd GILBERT A. GAUDET. B.A.. 1.1.3 Barristers and Solicitors Money to Loon Canadian Bank of Commerce Bldg. Mafliescn. Peake 8: Nicholson A. w. MATIIISON. 0.0. A. ll. PEAKB. B.A.. 1.i..n. Jon 1-. Niopobson. 1.1.3., . Barristers. eta CoIleelIon|“- Money To Ian: J. A. Mcfiuigun BAKBISTEB. SOLICITOB. Etc. NOTARY. Etc.. Currie -Building M. Alban Farmer. QC. , n.A.. LLB. Barrister and solicitor Bnnk of Commerce‘ Building ' Charlottetown Money to been Frederic A. Large. QC. Barrister. Solicitor. Notary Royal Bank of cnnndn “ulldlng Charlottetown. P. E. I. Loans on City and Form , Properties Clius.—li. ‘hlcfiuald B. . IABBIBTIII. VSOLIOITOB. NOTAEY. Etc. Intern 'l‘i-not Buudlng 0nABl.0’l"l'E’l‘0WN Phone I'll] Dr. K. A. Muciucliern DENTIST ‘ Dental K-ray ‘Above Charlottetown Clinic 102 Queen Sf. Phone (iii "Dr. A. L. Muclsucc \ DENT 8'1‘ GLORIA BUILDING Phone ‘:91 I75 Gnftcn Street J. A. Gun-ufliors. li.O. ' oP'I‘0Mll’l’Il3'|‘- I1! Kent Street Phone in! ‘ (Next to Simpson‘! Agency) ‘Kilian M. Glllls. 11.11. llroot. tonneslln IIVGPI I193!) _ v I H-v"'I.| ,_ our’nrIIott.; courier ' Ho io ‘V ‘uxnou: w. ’iuigin.u Isncvillo. u_tm_pool.' NowAdluuow~ ‘ . loll.-Malliioson &—# Foster lnrrllfilli Iolloltors. lie I. !. BILL. ‘I-0- 0. I. FOSTER. LLB. [mm on Off: and Form mantis-i-mi. soi.ioi-ma. EM. .,.,....... , ‘sum ll street no siohi_iaan.:_|‘s°t;“—$nai-iotutown . ”_,_ Iyron J. Groin. 0.0. 3"’ W‘ 3' ,,,‘:,',,'°" ‘ ,ovroiin'.'rino1‘ ~ ,, runs: 3...... at Kent ' Phone III . Il.0I'l'lI‘|:‘W J. ' culiiil a co.‘ 7 ‘ ‘ . ,'rol_eohmm 1”‘ o