: If It’s Good Fot The iclana | The Guardian Is For It ¢ ’ VOL. LXXIX NO. 103 .. Authorized c2 Second Class Z 4 Conservative D Selected At Convention Metro Charlottetown conserva- | Wright city for the assembly. | lottetown and seconded by Mrs. | “tives last night selected the men’ man nomination in fifth district. ® Mail by the Post Office Department. ~ Ottawa and for Payment Of Postage’ in Cash. elegates Gerald Maddigan, Charlotte- ardian “Covers Prince Edward Ieland Like ‘The- Dew” CHARLOTTETOWN, CANADA, TUESDAY, MAY 3, 1966. G overnmen "vo 5 wor MORE SEVEN CENTS — fe Spea WEATHER Sunny becoming cloudy in afternoon; winds becoming southwest 20. Low-high 80 and 50. Wednesday: cloudy, showers. ‘ 14 PAGES ker. who will run on the Conservative tickets in the fifth and ° sixth districts of Queens. The ‘conven Mr. Wright withdrew his name town. Mr. Stewat was nominat- from the running after the first | ed by Maurice Martin Jr., Char- ballot, leaving the way open for lottetown, and seconded by Jack tion was held at the community centre, city. A. Walthen Gaudet. Charlotte: town will run_for councillor in the Sth district and J.T. Davies, East Royalty will-be his running- mate on the ballot for assembly- may. M.A. Farmer and J. David Stewart both of Charlottetown will contest the new 6th district, Mr. Farmer as councillor and Mr, Stewart as assemblyman. RACE DEVELOPS Although there was no conven, tion opposition for Mr. Stewart and Mr. Fat‘mer, a two way race developed._hetween—Ms-—Gaudet-+ and Mrs. Charles McQuaid to trict. ibs A three way contest develop- ed between Mr: Davies, Ivan Kerry) Sherwood and Arthur the councillor spot in fifth dis. a clear two way vote. Mr. Gaudet was nominated by George Rogers, Charlottetown, and seconded: by Maty Mac- Eachern, Charlottetown. Mrs. McQuiad’s name was moved by David Hyrdman, West Royalty, and seconded by Geraldine Mc | Kenna, Charlottetown. . DAVIES NOMINATION ~~ Mover for Mr. Davies was William .Brown: Charlottetown. and .secondery Ian MacRae, Eas‘ Royalty. Mr.- Kerry’s- nomination was moved by AR. McTnnis, Charlottetown, and’ seconded by -Dan—McaAskilt,ParkdaleAttison— | MacRae placed Mr. . Wright's name before the convention and was seconded by Allison Tulle | Charlottetown. | Mr. Farmer's nomination was ‘moved by John MacLeod, Char- Another Tax Wallop Lkely In B By HAROLD MORRISON LONDON _ (CP)-Britons basking in sizzling sunshine after months of dreary, rain-|bit of a dilemma since he al-jT0se amid a blistering opposi- soaked weather but forecasters ready has stated new tax in-|tion attack, mounted in support maintain there will be_no- sun-. | riton chequer. who unvetfled his are budget secréts to the cabinet Judicial inquiry. land the Queen Monday, is in a iereases. will not. be severe. B ‘Voting | Morris, Charlottetown. | The joint meeting was held at the Community Centre and was conducted. by Alan Scales. Guest’ speaker of the evening Was Prmier Waltr R. Shaw. . Delay Sought — - OTTAWA’: (CP)—External Af- fairs Minister Martin appealed to the Commons Monday night to hold off a vote on a non-con- |fidence motion until Prime Min- |Jarly over high-rank lister Pearson, who has flu, can {ments in the philosophy depart- appear. Mr. Martin said Mr. Pearson | deserves the right to give his ee | own description of a cee tion with RCMP Commissioner George B. McClellan as dis- closed durihg The external affairs minister a_motion accusing the gov- ernment of taking action de- | the Munsinger | Per Professor Gives Views | OTTAWA (CP) — Philosophy professor Andrew Robinson said Monday his allegations control have’ caused his dismissal by the°Universityof Ottawa. | He fold an interviewer. ‘It’s \ an act of reprisal.” | Last winter Prof. Robinson said publicly the Roman Cath- olic Oblate order retains undue influence in the...administration 4. déspite the university’s new charter making it a lay institu- ‘tion. Prof. Robinson said that St. Paul University, an affiliate, hed been illegally given certain administrative controls particu- appoint- ment. © The University of \said Prof; Robinson’s teaching contract will not be renewed at the end of the term because he imissed too many lectures and jthose he gave were“ not up to istandard. Prof. Robinson denies both charges. < He joined the university last fall from St. John’s University in. New York, where the faculty Ottawa. mits PCs Sz | | | | seecceetorad OTTAWA-—(CP}—Speaker Lun] jcien Lamoureux rejected gov- | ernment protests Monday and | allowed the Conservatives to| introduceéYa non-confidence mo- tion in Commons censuring | Prime .-Minister Pearson — for asking the RCMP to provide | any scandalous _ informa- | tion about MPs during ‘a 10-year | period. a { Mr.- Lamoureux—(L — Stor- mont) ruled.that the Commons can debate the motion since. it | deals with a ‘“‘co-latera! issue’’ | of the Gerda Munsinger royal | commission inquiry but not with the inquiry itself. : _ Several cabinet ministers set off a long procedural battle | when they. argued that the mo-| tion was out of order’ because it arises from testimony given at the inquiry. - The Speaker said Parliament | is supreme and - its ‘debates | debates—-shouldbe.limited.-only- roposal Cabinet Ministers Set Off Long Battle excused in any circumstances.” It was’ shocking when a gov- ernment used the RCMP as “a private eye over the lives, pur- poses and reputations’ of MPs. Mr. Pearson was reported in bed with the flu when the storm blew up in the Commons. His office said, he might be absent again today. The non - confidence motion, introduced by- R. G. L. Fair- weather (PC Royal), — will come to a.vote at8:15 p.m. EDT * today. Health Minister MacEachen, Works Minister MclIlraith and Transport Minister Pickersgill objected when Mr. Fairweather - began his speech and again when he. introduced his motion. They argued testimony before a royal commission is sub judice and cannot be discussed in Par- liament. They said the motion was based entirely on shine in James Callagiian’s what is. severe? over academic freedom. Prof. : ‘ 7 ; * : : ; i i i . : . in extreme cases. | 7 budget today. S ane. ipecniation suggestion aed eo ag oy ware Robinson headed the faculty as- OFFICIALLY OPENED Opposition Leader Diefenba-~|/SUPPORTED MOVE Though the British are among oa guniaac Parlinwent " sociation at the U.S. school. ‘e ea ‘ ker said testimony given Thurs-| Stanley Knowles (NDP—Win- the world’s most heavily taxed $200,000,000 $600,000,000 in tax. The motion condemns the Teutenant Governor W. J. . Confederation Centre. Seen LEFT, president of. the fes' |day by RCMP Commisgioner |nipeg North Centre) supported reteiebed ante pba elo despite. the remaining sibs JQ. government for “having the| . Z . reed toe S40e- rin eae eaulag. eae thir tival and Premier—Walter-R._|George_B. McClellan—‘‘shocked ;Conservative MPs in asking the he —_~ ae Qe OS ti te Ne SBME a ee man eye ae mi a ac cI gece the... ince. — ng-—-are—-. oe anc SAW penne cote renin eiyeowrrnnneesd AE—-PUD HE CONSCIENCE 2-0: ok®..- BLOW... ; phases off an overheated economy: ation. This may be’aim mainly RCMP provide" information” “on Parliament Island Music Festival at the * ne The commissioner testified tr “ome up for debate. : where prices and wages keep ‘mounting without signs of in- ~ ereased productivity. ’ The chancellor of the ex- -€ommittee jat the consumer, to discourage purchase of luxury goods and ‘imports which are increasing | despite the remaining extra 10- \per-cent tariff which continues to anger Britain’s European \trading partners. | |FEAR TAX RISE : the past conduct of all MPs. Mr. Martin said Mr. Pear- son's entire past as a diplomat, cabinet minister, prime minis- ter and individual repudiated the belief that he would have intruded on MPs’ personal lives. | “Does anyone really believe ithat-the present prime minister At A Glance | By THE CANADIAN PRESS MONDAY, May 2, 1966 ~ The Gerda Munsinger affair ‘Latest May Day Episode Causes New Spe By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER bets that the. Chinese Commu- WASHINGTON - (AP) —~ Ex-jnist chieftain will not suddenly perts on China have. suggested jshow up in some public way in that. Man Tse-tung undoubtedly the immediate future, but no has been ill for several months one here thinks it likely and. may he near*the end of! Leadership changes which gave-a pill to a teen-age girl and—-fitmed— her_in bed-_with- two youths. The CBC announced it has asked the RCMP#t0'< conduct a full inquiry into the report. culation | ease relations with Washington, | and Rusk and Humphrey have | \tried to indicate that Washing: | iton would be receptive. ] | U.S. officials also believe that | iwhen Mao yields power the suc- | No Action On New Read Is Revealed BOARD VIEWED SEQUENCE Film Session Last July — that Mr. Pearson. instructed him in December, 1964, to turn over to the government any RCMP files of a scandalous nature in- volving any MP during the pre- vious 10 years. GIVEN REPORT The RCMP commissioner said He argued that Parliament can -have a general discussion as—it-—-does—not—-assess-the—evi- dence before the inquiry. Commissioner McCleL - \lan’s testimony about Mr. Pear. json had not been denied by the government. j : ducer level, who was not pres-| : ent._during ..the— filming, later |” ‘viewed part of the film. He de- scribed it in these words: paw _ ‘What was going on‘ really |: © should, have been stopped. It | 'was obscene.’ | | “THe film showed two teen- jage boys in bed with a par- | tially-clad teen-aged girl who appeared dazed and bewildered. Twelve hundred feet of film were shot. but the CBC execu- tive. said’ 900 ‘feet of obscene frames had been clipped out. THE TORONTO Telegram on the Munsinger case, as long i youths by a CBC crew making a film for the CBC-TV pro- 4that-Mr,-Keate--would-be-able.to-: position - |HAS THE SCOPE tions it was left sufficiently fluid {that = ie had gene the use. of. narcotics. He. asked. re-—. look into all the circumstances | peatedly whether the RCMP or , |of the controversy that obtain. at the fustice departmént have the present time. ... |been asked to investigate. In reply to a question by Op- TO CHECK FACTS Leader Diefenbaker., Miss. LaMarsh. asked the Miss LaMarsh said she under- House to give her a day or two stood his auestion to be .{* ascertain the facts. “I hope “whether Mr. Keate might con- | this “is only a smear story,” sider. the reinstatement of these she said. se ‘ people, whether this is part of | She had received a me his purview.’’ from Douglas Leiterman, Seven | Days executive producer, ‘brand- “It is’ my understanding that /ing the “‘pill” story as grossly \Mr. Keate’s ig inaccurate and essentially un- ie Automobile salesmen are do-|of Canada is the kind of man|-took over the Commons floor To Hold ; ing a heavy pre-budget business |who could possibly undertake | again. oe : sed ue pris cts & ae ae oon at bh ayer McClet . Boy, with potential buyers fearing |the kind of course suggested| Speaker Lucien Lamoureux : s sei isle etc sista: aie ercane ane mm n ial iH \Callaghan may push up*the ex-|and that is implicit in this | ruled in order a Conservative |. — S umor ; ¥ & scene” Giite toes ths: tintil the Just Netter "Mirike: ; ' eari ngs fisting 25-per-cent purchase tax |amendment?” - motion criticizing. government y : = oo RCMP asked for it April.1.... | Yukon) made allegations in’ thé Gn. Giolor “wehinien: “action in having the RCMP : ~\"“Mr. Diefenbaker™ accused the [Commons that resulted. in a gu- “OTTAWA (CP) — The Com-' Wage—=—earners,—who-pay-a 1-4 - | provide ee a ae as tO |. moRONTO—(CP'—The —Tele- saacceagi 2 eam OO government of using “‘tactics |dicial inquiry into the. Lucien mons voted 140 to 10 Monday basic 42 per cent on taxable tn- Spencer Case the past comdlue Ss - igram gays a 17-year-old girl, : -lthat_tyrannize members of this | Rivard affair. : to permit the parliamentary |come, are reported concerned : ‘ The motion was based on not identified by the newspa- ‘jehamber, tactics that cannot be (Continued on page 8, col. 9) committee on broadcasting to |Callaghan may effectively force ‘| RCMP Commissioner G. B.-/s cinims that while under the : ‘hold hearings this week during |them to pay more by paring Is De ay McClellan’s testimony last inflienos of a pill she was pho- ee Q : 2 g _ Commons sitting hours. jitems.which are considered de- : week that he gave the Muns- tographed in bed with two : : ______Only two Liberals. and the |ductible. : VANCOUVER (CP) —. An in- | nger file to Prime Minister poate by. a CBC craw. that ; ars cag .. @lght Creditistes present voted; Corporations fear. the new duiry~into~the—case—of“George|Pearson—after_Mr._ Pearson _| ake tien tor rhe grams ah > a wit, against the motion after uniting |company income . tax, which | Victor Spencer, the late accused | asked for-reports having to do |nyie tour Has Seven Days and " ’ to’ force the division. The mo- some had hoped might be set at |spy Suspect, due to open here | with, any wrongdoing or any- |). oat : tion was supported by 73. Lib- |35 per cent, may actually.be|today has been delayed until| thing of a scandalous nature ene ik ge erals, 48 Conservatives, 15 New |established at 40 per cent or |Thursday because of the illness | involving MPs over the last 10 (cecil Smith, eee - ssues tate men Democrats, three Social Credit |42'2 per cent of profits. Proba-|of the inquiry commissioner, | years. ‘information here, said: The cor- : : Le me aA J. A. Mongrain (Ind— ibly most tax changes would be |Mr:. Justice Dalton Wells. aa rr hie oo La- Lap wegae jae ‘ime oh hed ; - ols-Rivieres). effective from the new tax year! The Ontario Supreme Court | Marsh said mediator Stuart jmake at this time on this te pane e he Gilles Gregoire (Creditiste— which began April 6. justice still is in Toronto. J.J. | Keate will have wide terms of |gram story. : ues. to ChCandaent ae: in ut ee suageeael | __Lapointe).said_Prime..Minister| While Callaghan is undoubt- |Robinettee, inquiry commis-| reference into the dispute over | In a copyright story by re- mite‘over ‘This Hour Has Seven.|of the publicly: CEC é Pearson had shown contempt ‘edly planning some deflationary {sioner counsel who arrived here | the. CBC television program |porters Frank Drea and Fred {Days can look into whether Pat:| Miss LaMarsh, who repeat tb N for the committee, which is|moves, to heavy~ a_ wallop |with a number of RCMP wit-| This Hour Has Seven Days. /|Cederberg, The Telegram. says: Va Watson and twavler La | Paclament on. hacadha studying the controversy over |could merely encourage unions |nesses, said the judge is suffer-| He could look into the mat- | “A film session last July—to Hack dhiould be! reinstated, |also said that the CBC mo This Hour Has Seven Days, by |to press even harder for higher jing a cold and decided to delay | ter of reinstatement for ¢0- |simulate a teen-age marijuana State Secretary Judy LaMarsh | ment is ‘Yooking into” a news- appointing an outside negotia- wages which. Prime ‘Minister |the Vancouver continuation of | hosts Patrick -Watson and (party—took place in a west end arid the Contsons Monday (caper Tenet think «Rents Tie tor to meet CBC management |Wilson says are pricing Britain |hearings, which opened in the | Laurier LaPierre, whose con- [apartment during the shooting She said although she has not |crew gave a “pill” to « 17-year — ail = ee a fracts | ate: Deme: Sewer Of (Ot 8 seginent of &. planned doce seen written terms of reference | old girl and filmed her\ tying in : i asked for time to’ [DOntary titled Youth and, Mor) | for publisher Stuart Keate, ap-|bed with two youths. | COULD BE CHANGE investigate. a newspaper re- au r : pointed mediator in the dispute. | Erik Nielsen (PC — Yukon)‘ otk that a Reven “Days eftew “A Canadian Broadcasting “st is my understanding that in |said a copyright story in the p 7 Corp. employee at the pro- | |the drawing up of the instruc-|Toronto Telegram indicated |\This was the segment of film responsibility deral government and the At- a enor said Monday Beryl Fox, 33- —-his__long... reign__over__ Chinese-would_result“fram-—Mae's—depar--cession—will_pass—to-a—one-time yaya aly The fas? ETSY Yepectmly ics ete year-old CBC producer-direc- communism jture from active direction of close associate, Liu Shao-chi, | gram This: Hour Has Seven wide enough to include that true: Days and Document. The news- ‘of the editorial question should he actually so| The Telegram said the unt- Analysing the latest May Day episode in the’ deepening mys- tery about the fate of China’s top leader, authorities here said Monday the Peking regime policy toward the Peking re-| jy js already so old, how- ould ,be approaching power §$shifts of great importance for the whole world. The boss of the Chinese Com- munist party and the master of China’s teeming millions since 1949 has been missing from pub- lic view for five months. Late Jast week he again did not show up for an important public. cere- mony, the reception of Premier Mehmet Shaehu of Albania. Sun- day his absence was the most noteworthy aspect of Peking’s big-May Day. celebration. Tliness, U.S. experts sald, provides the only rational ex- planation for Mao's prolonged - “4nvisibility’’ and the secrecy \Chinese Communist affairs give special significance to recent lefforts by Johnson administra- ition leaders to re-define U.S. | |gime. 'MIGHT EASE RELATIONS Vice - President Hubert H.jevitably be limited and even- |mons’ \Humphrey, State _ Secretary | ;Dean Rusk — and presumably | (President Johnson—are known \to believe that some day a new generation of Chinese Commu-!Humphrey and Rusk and other |ernment about the corridor were nist leaders might decide to jofficials look for change. |The Council and the Chamber of 68-year-old president of China, | antic Development Board are who will try to carry on the ltaking no current action on the major.Jines of Chinese policy @8 | proposal of an international cor- Mao laid them down. iridor road across-Maine.-Trans- port Minister J.W. Pickersgill ever, that his own direction of jrevealed this yesterday in reply China’s power structure will in- |to a question placed on the Com- order paper by Heath tually he and the other men who |Macquarrie, MP for Queens. have served Mao must give way The only organizations in the to a new generation Atlantic provinces which have It is that generation to which | made representations to the gov- Conservatives Named |Commerce~ of -Madawaska — and |the’ Annapolis Royal” Board of ‘Trade. The minister said that no de- |; board of Seven Days said the board had viewed an apart- ment sequence, but denied it was obscene. — COVERED BY SHEET “He confirmed there were scenes of two teen-age youths in bed with a teen-aged girl- but Director ' States Case TORONTO (CP)—Beryl Fox, award - winning CBC director. ‘partment or official of the feder- al government’ has participated | in discussions on the project and | the Atlantic Development Board was-not conducting a study nor lin any way giving any assis- |. said. Monday. .a-camerman.. un- cer her direction shot film last June for CBC’s Document pro- boys but she said ‘it was not araaceenhic and less. erotic tor, was inside the apartment | when a 17-year-old girl under ' the influence of a pill was photographed in bed with two said the sheet covered them and there was no evidence of sex play. “They were crammed in like sardines,” he said. “He also said some CBC em- ployees were alarmed about the condition of the girl earlier and though she should have. been jtaken to—hospital.._’ “The production crew inside ithe apartment included: Beryl [Fox, producer - director: and ‘Lutz Milo Chvostek of the Seven \cram of a. irl in bed with twe |Days. staff were in a nearby jrestaurant eating breakfast: Ait are CBC employées except , Dille, cameraman. Jean. ‘Burnett, script consultant, and | paper said the film session kplace last July in a Tor- nto, apartment. ‘ as ‘ (CP. Wirephoto) \Seven, Days, who was in hospi- tal with a broken leg when the lsex scene was. filmed or . au- lthorized. He admitted two male lteen - agers cavorted in terry cloth towels during the apart- Murder Letter _ Said From Crank “MONCTON (CP)—City police apartment sequence was filmed, | navn ites Liberals Pick decide.” identified girl claims she was Miss LaMarsh also said Mr. photographed while under the Keate’s investigation could go influence of a, pill by a Seven into “the lower part of the ice- Days film crew that wanted to berg’’—a reference to other re- ‘simulate a teen-age marijuana ported differences of opinion party, __ ed For 1st Queen | Lorne Moase, principal of En- was Clifford Ince, South Mel— iglewood High School, Crapaud, ville, seconding the nomination land Mrs. Jean Canfield, Cra- was Aeneas MacEntee of Emer- said Monday an annoymous |paud, were last night nominated ald ‘athe containing information |48 councillor and assemblyman! Mr. Moase will oppose Prem- about the murder“ of Edward \respectively in the First Distri@t ier Walter R. Shaw as council-° Newton Crowley, 53, of Saint |of Queens at a Liberal nomina- lor and Hon. Frank. Myers, In 4th Prince District i r ,officials have : : ievanted he rahereatents \tance to it. than many a current movie.” |Dille, a freelance photographer | john, N.B., whose pattly de-|tion convention held at Bradal- speaker in the~tast Legislature ASSUME STILL ALIVE 3 : : The -st-t>ment added: \jhired for the July 5 sequence. | composed body was found in the bane hall. Mrs. Canfield is the ,will be opposed by Mrs. Canfield | The experts assumed that he|~ Kric — Jessome, Kensington )by E.G. Bell, Bedeque, and sec- | INSIDE TODAY | “The girl in question was |Erike Hoppe, sound man on the | trunk of his car here Dec. 9, was first woman to be nominated for as_assemblyman. ; still is alive because they S€€ pysinessman, and Ronald Mac. | onded by Everett Champion. 4 rot given anv drues ‘or aleohol. | crew, denied being in the area the work of a crank. A; a provincial election. _ Speakers at the convention be- ap oti need for the other Donald of North Bedeaue wee | Speakers at the meeting were \ Classified 12,13. by me or anybody from the at the time. : Police said information given The’ nomination. of Mr Moase sides the candidates were Liber- Chinese leaders to prolong the | : ag : a ve | rank Myers, speaker for the Sills 13. “RC. Nor were the youths un-| The Telegram says the girl. |in the letter was checked out was moved by Crawford Sin- al Leader Alex Campbell, W.R. mystery when he dies. iacemnaves as councillor and as- | jac legislature, Keith Harring-, Deaths ...........0...5- 3 der the. \influence of, drink or |who worked briefly in Toronto | along with several telephone clair, Springfield, and seconded Jenkins, president of the P.E.I. At thesame time the experts|semblyman respectively at ajton, MLA; Hon. Henry Wedge,! Comics ..........-.0:--- li. |orue-" : as a waitress, was induced to calls they have received offer- by Gerald Monaghan, South Liberal Association; and Mrs. : thought it Nikely that he has /|Conservative nominatign conven- | minister of health, and David Sper ieaccves 9, 14.| Miss Fox's 750-word state- swallow the pill” by one of the! ing .‘leads’” in the mystery. (Melville. Mrs. Canfield’s nomin- Mulligan, president of the Liber- suffered a pliysical breakdown | tion held in Kensington last night |MacDonald,. MP. | for, Prince © Women's ........0.00.. 6 (ment was released by lawyer boys. She had. met both éar-| Crowley's body was discover- ation was moved by Mrs.” Roy ak Women's Association. Speak- perhaps a crippling stroke or for the district of fourth Prygice County Raetgrinie. eee as 4 P BR.C.-Pepper. acting on her jlier. The newspaper says it has }ed in the locked trunk 18 days |Gallant, Westmoreland, and se- ing briefly were Maxwell Thomp- enfeehling disease. “They: also, Mr. Jessome’s nomination Was") The meeting. held at Kensing- | Summerside , 2... g behote) ott said. the bedroom |promised not to disclose her after police removed the car jeonded by Ralph Johnston, Long son recently nominated Liberal hold open the possibility moved by Urban Laughlan: Sher- ‘fon Regional High School, was Kings.. Queens, City’.... 5. ‘Scene was found to be ‘of nojidentity nor that of the two from a city st eet. A corner’s 'River candidate for Fourth Prince, Sin- may have had a serious - |brooke, and seconded by Bertram Prince County _g value and will ‘not be included |youths: 1 |jury said he was murdered and The nomination of Howard (clair Cutcliffe and Horace Wil- tion and be recuperating. Thomson, Tryon. The nomination Finance Markets 10 in the Document program called ‘‘Douglas Leiterman, execu- | recommended further investiga- Wood, Victoria, was. defeated. lis, recently nominated Liberal : No. one here is making any sof Mr. MacDonald was moved tive producer of This Hour Has ‘tion, ;chaived by\ Norman Reeves, North Bededue. Secrtary was | Vernon Mac@arville, Kinkora. | ) Youth planned for next fall. Moving Mr. Wood’s nomination |candidate in Second Queens, _ \ 3 § ; y +e ‘ . : = : ; os