MAXIMS OIL MERE MAN vmel for hh offence; ‘I'll. snntlhsot ti fluthwb h‘!- l IDS e oalihogird 0 founded II‘!- urdlua, Ohaclnttolown Guardian. Two Cont. yd CHARDOTTETOWN, CANADA, FRIDAY, serrations 1s, 194s Read by Everybody Covers Prince Edward Island Like the Dew 12 PAGES It your own land that which may do an injury u» another. MAXIMS OIL MERE MAN is not allowable lo build upon Subiorip SEEK T0 ,PROMOTE POTATO MARKET IN BRAZIL C.W.N.A: Editors To Visit Charlottetown s Death At Summerside Of Ex-Mayo The death occurred yesterday at his itosno of one of Summerside’: most distinguished and esteemed rlliléfls in the person of Mr. Win- sloe J. Lidstone. a former Mayor (it ihe town. Since his illness of “v0 years ago caused by a heal-t cunflill0ll which necessitated his resigning from the office of May- or, he bad been in failing health and remained at his home. Three weeks ago his condi-tion became more serious, terminating in his death at 8.30 yesterday morning. Mr. Lidstone was 70 years of age. having bem born at Cape Wolfe, Prince County. on July 4. i878. He was a son of the late Ed- u-ard and Mrs, Margaret Cook Lidstone, both of that place. In May, 1898 ho came to Sum- "c and took ii position in the store of R. . Holman and in Scp- tember, l9 . he went to Boston where he found employment with the prominent firm of R. H. White and 00.. but only remained there a year. Upon returning to Sum- merside he resumed his former position in which he continued until May. 1904 when he went into business for himself. Through many vicissitudes. including the loss of his store and entire con- tents by fire in December. 1918. he persevered and conductrd a suc- rcssful dry goods business unti-i his retirement about eight years i. r-w’ ago, Before his first election to the office of Mayor Mr. Lidstone served capabiy on the Summerside Town Council from 1912 to 1914. He was first elected Mayor in 1933 and served in that office for thirteen years at dlffcrcnt periods HP to the time of his resignation~ two years ago, He was never de- fasted in any election for the Tiiriyoralty. He unsuccessfully Con. trsted the 5th District of Prince on one occasion for the Cgnsgfva- Mic Party. Mr. Lidstone was s man of most Sees Canada plant was constructed while was in office and the first street paving was done under his direc- lOfl. take place from Trinity United Church, Sum. merside. to the People's Cemetery. r Lidstone THE LATElMl. W. J. IJDSTONE genial disposition and made many friends. During the years of his P95111118 8S changes and place in the town to the interests of which he was always zealously devoted. Mayor many notable improvements took The new municipal electric Tight he To his widow. the former litlar- 2ziret Louise Campbell of Carleton. and two sons, Donald and Davis. both of Summerside. the sympathy of the community will be extended in their loss. sincere The funeral of Mr. Lidstone will Saturday at z p,m, Crippled” By Industrial Disputes B! Dave McIntosh Canadian Press QStafT Writer- HALIIAX. Sept. 13 lfiugh Templin, uqditm- and" put» Usher of the Fergus Ont,, News. Ricard and president of the can. aoian Weeklv Newspapers Associ- Iilflfl- 101d that body's annual convention todirtv that (lllnagm was ‘Mint: held backnowbyWzivilwar" n industrial cities and swnunai differences and that under the circumstances editors required hTTOWiPKIIRB. courage. conviction ‘r611 as compared to 266 in 1904. Fees _.CP,__ paid in 1964 amounted to $3.156; lighted by awards in the newspaper competition for 1946. member weekly newspapers odav they totalled $13,332. Afternoon sessions were high- tha announcement of C.W.N.A- better British Ooiitm-bia walked of! with most of the honors-five out of a possible 12 firsis-—but seven . other provinces and Newfound- land and Yukon mention in the - award-winning . S all received ""0 ‘he "lQmTues of men and of n" angels." sllciikitig before some 300 dele- tutcs from all over the Dominion l all-round The Mason trophry for the best newspaper of more han 2.000 circulation went to the the fEd-Cflfpptgd Convention Penticton. B. 0.. Herald. boll Mr. Templin said things had At luncheon delegates were not turned w; as ewes.“ and guests of the city of Halifax and though ivlth the 6nd of the w“ a brief welcoming address was bad (‘OMB peace, there had my delivered by Mayor J. E, Ahern. been plenty. himself a former newsoaperman. "Canada is being cflppled by Tonight the, C.W.N.A. were din- tnduurial dis-pales while the per guests of the province of mmmlm people suffer." he said NOVR &°ll"- Fullvwin/z the presidential ad- dTPSS delfflaics heard several bus- incss reports. outstanding among fhrm that of Clarence V. (min-i- “TS- publisher of the Brampton. Oni., Conservator and retiring xfiflhglfill director of the C.W.N lVDr. Charters said that during the li 1-2 years he had held the "(five mcmbershin in fll? organi- Z-ltlon hiiri tv-‘nled and fees hnd quadrupled. Today there were Report Ration Book Theft At Iiruitttttontl GRAND FALLS N. 3.. Sept. l2 —(OP)--l=‘lrs-t theft of No. 6 rat- ion book in the Maritimes "ported tonight from Drum. mond. where someone stole s FRKFKWB of 50 last Sunday mom- "il Bhflflly after distribution of the books to the public began in the village parish hall. The theft occurred wthile about M persons were in the hail during a brief absence of the official in dmrge of the distribution. Coming Events _°'Vsmon River Mills will close elmsrtber 16th until further notice for mun. no '- -4. Farmers cos. "Reserve October 14th Amual mil-n oon flipper‘ . vis- ‘ifltfi aim... torts "Sunni of hardwood oeints at most Jiutcher _ shortages at larger centres ilcimle the main factors in "i! strike called last Friday midnisht hv the There were indications. was-‘Rritlsh Columbia would suffer because of lack cf tic-h mand for fruit. fllVY. Meat, Fae Shortage. Looms In Alberta EDMONTON, Sept. 12- (GP)- Shortaucs of meat and eggs loom- pd m Alberta and some points midst. Columbia tonight as tisht- cncd picket choke oft’ agricultural supplies ex- cept milk from tlic market in the slx-day-old strike oi’ more 20000 Alberta farmers ed to secure government action on paritv prices. in lines continued to than determin- Alarming drops In livestock rer points. notice of shop ciosint!‘ 011d Pill’ delivery Alberta Farmers Tillie!!- too. that fruit growers Churchill Selected As Site For Experimental Station Ration Book Distribution Going Strong The two days’ distribution of new rail-on books in Charlottetown and Summerside terminated at 9 o'clock last night with gratifying results. In Charlottetown ovoi- 20.000 books were issued. rep- resentlng an increase of about 2.- 000 over last year. while Bummer- side reported a distribution of al- most 7.000. or about 0'10 more than in 1945. Distribution throughout the Province will be continued during the balance of the week. Alto- gether if; is expected to issue about 00,000 books by the week-end. Last year's total for Prince Ecl- wai-d Island was a little over 82.- 000 ‘Ilhe distribution campaign got away to a good start in Charlotte- town and Summerside at 9 o'clock Wednesday morning. the first day's results totalling over 10,- . 800 for Charlottetown and over 4,400 for Summerside. . The Charlottetown cent-re was operated in the Market Building by tho Charlottetown local region board, W.P.'I‘.B.. under the chair- manship o-f His Worship Mayor B. Earle MacDonald. O.B.E.. the secretary bei-ng Mai. W. H’. Poole, 0.B.E,_ who supervised the work, with LL-Col. C. C. Thompson as distribution chief. Ladies volunteered in large numbers and worked steadily dur- ing the two days, from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m.. in six sessions with about thirty on duty at all times, One girl of fifteen wrote over a thous- and ration books and several ladies worked through all the ses- sions. The officials are particu- larly appreciative of the work of Mrs. Freda MacKinnon and ‘fiss Jessie Fullerton. who provided the workers with the books and checked the returns. All the local churches and sev- eral societies cooperated by urg- p members. to not as-volun- Other centres heard from last night all report increased distri- bution of books over last year, with splendid cooperation from volunteer workers. (Special to The Guardian) MONTREAL. Sept. 12-—'I'he Can- adian Fur Auction Company sale concluded here today, r290?" M‘? George A. Callbeck, manager _Ful' Marketing Department, CAfldLl-‘lfl National Fox Breeders Associa- tion. There was a small attendance and the fox section of the cuta- logue showed a decline of from three to 25 per cent compared with the month of June. Mutations were l3 per 8911i 591d at an average of $46-46. a decline of 25 per cent. White marked were 9 P" "l" sold at an average of $30.47, B d9" more pletion of work by the commission on that tre-aty Italy Seeks Additional Naval Force PARIS. Sept. opean Peace Conference ocmrnis- dcfldline, completed work toda on the political and territorial caus- es of the Romanian Pact. PTRTY-Seneral of the o; technical personnel of all dele- gations on time for the Oct 23 meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in New Yolk. The Finnish political and ter- ritorial commission was the first body in the conference to achieve its goal. ‘ An hour and 20 minutes later the Romanian political and ter- Rfililm ""0""! I objection. it had voted 8 to 4 to recommend lite International Cburt of Justice as the final tri- auntalt int disputes arising from u. rea _ IIn others‘, conference (lcvelop- ments today the Italian Political and Territorial Commission de- feated 1-1to9a set sly-Yugoslav potter. and the mi! itary commission heard a n-catlia Italy be allowed 12.500 more mvxl enlisted men and officers provided in the council of foreign miristers. 8 Oaech proposal up a commission to study the It- than the ‘reaty drafted by Defeat of Pomanian {yr-as for liberal ter-sis marked oom- military The Italian (Jotnmissicn heard also n White Russian proposal that the Giulia be altered to give land to Yugoslavia, cutting the Italian corridor to Triexte and isolating that port city in Yugo- in Vcnezla more off "French line" cline of 25 W!‘ Cem- From half to three-quarters .- silvers were ‘l1 per cent sold at an average of $25.21. A decline o-f three per cent. Selected fulls were l0 P" 99m sold at an overuse °f $30.03. t1 d9‘ clinc of 20 per cent. Regular fulls were 14 V" fen‘ sold at an average of $23.47, a dc- clbno of 16 pcr cent. Interiors were 28 per cent sold at an average of $16. s dediflr 0f 18 per cent. Low grades were 88 per cent sold at an averake of $505. B d?" mm- of 11 per cent. fl uenced the sale. shipping ordered destroyed can Congress, following ference slav territory Bmzil offered an amendment which would add western istria to the free territory of Tr‘.cs'c give Italy GOflLla and the hydro- electric plant on the ISOITZ.) a ml In making the plea before the military oommisskin. for increascr.‘ Italian naval strength, the Ital- ian representative askcd inn’. the peacetime navy be competed cl 35,000 men, 1nd that evr-essilvs ‘i tho Allies be converted instead to scrap iron. Of tho total offering oi 21.39‘! pelts only 1'1 per cent were sold Poland’ As t t and at sn average of $23.87. sflvlflt [mp8 a O The lack of intlerest istuelzlpluln- i__ ed by t e sen"! Y "'1" ° ""3 PARIS. s . i2 -(AP)—R - 0010M "H! "0 5°11‘)! "W" m‘ rcsentatives Tilt UTE PolislrAmdig- "I COT:- with state Secretary 12 —-(APT-E11“- stuns. racing in meet a new Oct. 5 Jacques Fouque du Pare. secre- conference. informed all commissions that tire con-ference would have to end by Oct. 5 in order to permit transfer ” Pharmaceuticalhssn. B J Ir Bale Canadian ( , Still, Whiter) (yrrgws, Sept, i2—(CP)—Cold weather exercises, aimed st famil- iarizing Canadian Navy. Army HM Air Force personnel problems related to th nersble are: of the nortblsnd. be concentrated in the area around Churchill. Man» i! W" hers today. In defence e wide vul- will disclosed Abbott D1- Defence Minister trounced that Churchill had been h the site for an experi- rcndligl fiction to test and develop mllltjfy equipment for the active army and sir force ‘him; and 30 some“; harwoo Ittis ‘umerfitoodwthssnestiizlutr m, . e use ' ‘m. ~um on itlltlrrtlmeiidation of the loint W!“ ‘ msnent defence hon-d and that “Mmsmbsr its Momrmnth P l-I "Itmani Ittr Snow and Dance Ihlted sum personnel will par» ticlpate in gxperiments not only as m‘ '94- '5» 19th at the Char- obsarvsrs but as active manpower. iottemm th r likely will M70‘ Ilyinlll-hflneéoilélqweswer gs “pa.” and at times ares. Officials remembering erciso in tit l I 5'61"»... Mr. A that Churchill had been hut in the summer rail and air, ban advance rty there may bs an equal number of Americans in the the re- percusslons-sspecislly from Rus- sia-that. followed the original an- nouncements of the Muskox ex- o same ores, are em- phatic that this now step is aimed st no one and is merely a natural step in the dsveio ment of hemi- hero defence wh ch under Un- i ed Nations security measures will be the joint responsibility Ind the, United States. it's announcement said selected because it offered conditions of ex- treme cold in the winter, moderate and because of yuM-ound accessibility by both already has an slat accommodation arrangements and toblistr administration ma, Byrnes. said tonight they request- ed him to olil for a full review in the peace conference o! political conditions in Poland. They said their organization represents 8.000.000 Americans oi Polish descent. A memorandum, handed to Ml‘ Byrms. asserted that “Poland's representatives at the peat-e con- ference are trimesters" and declar- ed "Poland an ally is hcld ir. cap- tivity by Soviet Russia. It is not an independent country. but s puppet state." 21> Q A group ofofficlalsanddelegstes to the Canadian Wedrly papers Association and their wiv- es who will arrtve at Charlottetown Saturday afternoon for a visit to the Island are here shown at Mon- treats Windsor Station just be- fore they boarded the ill-coach Canadian Pacific Railway special train for their first postwar con.- vention. at Halifax. Iheyareleft to right, front row: Mrs. Hank D. Mnclntyre. CV. Charters Brampton (Ont) Conservator, managing director and secretary- treasurer of the Association; (wank D Ivfanfxityre, Durtdalk (Ont). Herald: Mrs. C.V. Char- ters, F.P. Galbraith, Red (Alta) Advocate. past of the Association; Ivfrs. Hugh Templin. R. G. McNeillle, pas- senger traffic manager, Canadian Pacific Railway‘ MissMnbel. Ash- field, Major Walter Ashfield. Grenfell (Sisk) Sun; first ce- president of the Association; Mrs. S. J. Dornan Bock row. ft t right: W. K Deer. preslder z News- A le o McCartney assist-ileaving Monday for the mainland. ant to the director. 0W N.A.; F.‘ . Sealborn. Brampton Ont . High ‘remplin. Fergus (Ont i News-Record. president o! the As- sociation; S. J. Dornan. Alameda (Sask). Dispatch; and J Hugh Campbell, manager. department of pubic relations. Canadian Pacif-c Railway. The delegates to the expected number of about 150 will visit Charlottetown Saturday on a two- daiy visit to the Province They will anive by plane and wlil be provided wit facilities for sight- seeing ancl for having p, round of golf if desired. Saturday evening they will be tendered a dinner at The Charlottetown by the Pro- vincial Government. On afternoon they will be driven the National Park. Afternoon tea will be served at North Rus- blco. Ifbllowtug this the rty will leave for Summerside. w are they will be the guests of the Town at dinner. Later in the evening they will return to Charlottetown. Honored With Life Membership In The MR. E. A. FOSTER A signal tribute has been paid to Mr. l3. A. Foster. well known Chprlottctown druggist and former Mayor of tho City, who has been 60001110011 a life member of the Canadian Pharmaceutical Assoc- iation. Mr. Foster was president nl the Association when it met at Montreal. 1027-28. and has been n member since Ibo inception in 1910. ‘For (the past twenty-seven yearn he has served on tho ox- ‘ecutlve. N. B. FOLIO CASES ITREDERJCMN. Sept. fl-(CP) —A new infantile paralysis case help was reported todw, raising New Brunswlckh 104d total to 44. of which two have been fatal. [0330 CANADA Flown Police Charge Squatters In L0nd0n’s_ _'equisitioned hots-ls ar-"l 4 oeived and horn in orizmsl sin" West End By Jack Sullivan Canadian Press Staff Writer LONDON. Sept. 12 hum- Mounted Police tonight charged into the ranks of 2,000 demon- strators choking traffic lanes out“ side Abbey lodge. one cf the luxury apartment buildings seized by squatters ir. London's ln-hlon- able West End. The demonstration finally was broken up without injuring any of the participants. The crowd had staged a "sit-down" strike in front of the building in an effort to force police to permit deliver- ies oif bedding to families inside the building. Police also were called out to assist in breaking up a smaller demonstration at the Ivanhoe Hotel where squatters were ad- dressing a crowd on the street be- lcw. A few hours before. Communist Leader Harry t-‘cllitt had called upon British walkers to l'(‘Si"t ev:<':-- tion of 1.500 squatters from luxury‘ properties and charged that Government "war pir;i.i ntitv s‘ had caused the housing slivrtagc. Earlier. squattcz-s ii..‘dt the lodge hcld hFTLTOs at ovcn Will- dows in an appeal to the crotvds. for blankets and food "We want bedding" said signs hung outside the building News-stztrrl yvcsters proclaimed the invasion H5 a Communist plot to overthrow the Labor Govem-' merit, but Mr. P-Jlilil charged that Government preparation. for Will‘ had prevented 0'18 freeing of Y 0.S. Campaign To Smash Black Textile Market ,WASIHINGTON. Sept. 12 —(AF'\ —A country-wide drive to smash alleged black market dealings in textiles, including men's shirts. was disclosed today by the Justice Department. Pttrsubig voluntai-y tips, government agents are 1.1- vestigating 300 corporations and. individuals ICDOYUdI to nave divert- ed millions of yards of textiles 1n- m illegal channels. A Justice Department official said the materials involved range from the rew rtate to finished goods. including shirts. pyjamas and women's dresses. A special grand jury is in session in New York to receive evidence now being assembled by govern- ment agents Twq types of practices are the principal targets of the drive: T tion Delivered 85.00. Mall. “M: other Provinces l ILS-A. “It Trade Sway Leaves Ottawa This Week OTTAWA, Iept. 1k(CP)- ‘. Active steps are being taken to promote tiic market for Canadian St’l‘fl potatoes in Pra- Zll. ‘Trude Jliitister MacKlnuon announced today. W. B. iVIeCullogh. formerly Canadzfls rurricuitural trade specialist in Port of Spain. Trinidad. will leave this week to assume duties as comma-swig: secretary fir: agriculture at tho Canadian Emhass in m.) fig Janelro and wl r1 develop the Brazilian mar- et. Canada produces 8,000,000 bushels of seed potatoes in an average year and approximate- ly 4.000.000 bushels are avail- able for export. Largest pur- chasers now are United States. Argentine, Uruguay. South Africa and Cuba. Prc-ivur attempts t0 gut" the Brazilian morkct writ-e un- successful llPCZlllSf‘ of restrict- ive import regulations. It is believed that belt shipments made last win- ter may have cleared the way for a consider-able movement of seed Potatoes to that coun- try within the next few months, Europe previously more than 80 per con Brazilian seed potato require- ments but ll. is unlikely the European growers will be able to hold the market in the face of war dislocations. Mr. PlcCullogh. 37, is a grad- uate o McGill University and ls familiar with seed potato production through experience with the New Brunswick De- partment of Agriculture. Ho jIOTJIPG the trade department in 9 l. rovlded of the kiiieae (hearts SMOKE. (heaps usuawt But-taco Toast! fi s 1. Diversion ln“0 the 0186b mill‘- ket of cotton textiles at prices above office of price administrat- ion ceilings. 2. Frauds i.n connection with priorities. This involves obtain- ing textiles by representing that they will be used to manufacture certain goods and using them for other more profitable items. The special grand jury already has indicted 25 individuals and sorporat-ions, the official said. Six have been convicted with fines or tail sentences for five. One fine or $300000 was imposed. Maritime Strike Reported Ended SAN FRANCISCO. Sept. 12 — lk-(APF-Nathan P. Fietnsinger. special representative of Labor Secretary Sciivvcllenbach. fo- iiiizht for-mallv announced the coa<t i\.l=‘.L, seamen. Mi‘. Fcinsiiidcr slid he had been authorized to mnkc‘ the an- nouncrment bv Harry Lundeberg. sccrctnrv of {the Sailors Union of illc Pacific Mr Fcinsinacr ouotedMr Lun- dchrrrz as savior? that "similar vtion is bring inkcn by the ST U’ as to sirikr-s ir. progress nntlie Atlaniic and gulf coasts." CYCLONE ‘TAKE! TOLL BUENOS AIl-IES. Scot l2 - tAPl-A cyclone today .truck termination of the strike ofwcs",'1.] Iii (Canadian Proust TORONTO. Scpl- 1'.1-- Minimum and maximum tcmpcratures:— . . . . 56 Vancouver 55 Edmonton . '7'! Regina 30 Winnipeg . F3 Toronto 59 Ottawa 57 Motilreal §5 QuvhcC I18 SN John 63 w 1 o2 i.\ 63 Charlottetown 55 Sydney 57 64 Yiirnlotlih 44 58 HALIFAX. Scpt. 13 — (CPl— (Frltltiyi ~Ofiiciiil inland weather i011‘ t issued totiay by the Do- m Public Wt .11 hm" Oiilfc 80 H:il' . ("oi-crows \.~.l t! Lil? l midnight Flhiliivl‘, Priiicc Er1\\'.\i‘(l Island: Clear with much til» utiilc temperature. Light \\'.tid.< High lt’\(lil_\ at Char- lofittonn . St imnry tltiiiliy and cool. Higili tide this iiftcrnoon at. 1.00 and tonight; at. 1.02. Suit scts this evening at 7.16 and Carlos Casarcs. 8O miles nvth of apart- ments for low-cost housing Bucnos Aires. killing 12 ‘ind in- juring 80 BY SHANE MMIIAY WINNIIPEG. Sept. l2 - (C?) — The Anglican Synod today ap- proved textual changes in the Church of England Prayer Book, and called upon its clergy tc try the revisions as an experiment hi" the next three years. A committee which sirbmlmd the proposed changes will continue over that. period and present o report on the results at the next gmral Synod in 1949. Most of the situations ha"e to do with the fine theological poinm which, cs several lay dele- gates remarked during tat- debs c. are difficult for non-clerics to understand. some of them, how- ever. will result 9n radical changes in the prayer borsk. The Baptismal service‘! words “Pbrasmuch as fl-il men are con- now will road "Seeing that sIl men ..__-_ d their on nature an inclined to Synod Approves Textual Changes In Prayer Book wit." Very Rev. B. 1d. Elliot, Victoria said parents and Godparents did not bring their children to Baptism for “a lecture In theology" He spoke of the "h-irrassed look" o". parents facts when the conception and birth of their chiklren svas connected with ine worn "sin." The changes v/ere nnororcd by the Synod for “ftermissitr the" -t.iv.i the older forms will remain option- al. The revision alw providcs .1 spe"- ial brief service for 9110126110,‘) Baptism of a tzhlld by r. tit-clerics Reporting on change: ll'l the Prayer Bork Pointer, Rey Fatim- R. I". Palmer. llracebridge. 01a‘, said many 0! the words .n the cur- rent edition were the results oi typographical errors made hundreds of years ago. Under the revision Psalms in the hymn book will bu rises tomorrow morning at 6.36. Last quni-tcr moon September 18th, 2.44 A. .\l. Sitmmcrsidc tide eighteen min- tiles latrr hlian (‘harlottct/Otvn. AIR SCHEDULE Cliarlottetown-Moncton —Lesvo Charlottetown B A. M.. 10.30 A. M. 5.15 P. M Arrive Cllilklvlilfliflwfl l2 P, M. 5.55 P. M.. 735 I’. M. Charlottctoun » llniifnx- Leave Charlottetown 12.55 P. M. Arrive Charlottetown 4.55 P. M, Cbsrlrilicioivn-New Glasgow - Leave Charlottetown 12.46 P. M. Arrive Charlottctnxvn 5 P. M. standard Timi- throughout. AR FERRY ‘ "PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND Standard Time lmnvr- Bordcn at 9.05 A»M..1 RM. and 4.30 P. .\i. Leave Tornicniine 10.30 A ll. 3 P. M-."l..'i0 P. M. Extra trips are made between. on which automobiles are carried- RUNDAY SERVICE From Borden. 1 P.M-. 6.5 Ell. ' From Tormentlne 3 P.M., 8. PM. W001) ISLANDS-CARBOU Daylight Saving - fmsvo Wood Islands. daily 7 A. A.M., 11 A.M., i P-M-s 1L. II! PM. and Oaribou at lune hour-q printed in poetic rather than prme. orm. take steps -