' the, outlay. ‘ Buyer meets seller Ads. c I A Anthem u second m M» . 22 PAGES Den ‘8". 333:1. Ibo Post mac. fish in this miniature river on King George Street in Ottawa but blonde three-year-old Barry OTTAWA (CPl—A federal con- »board has proposed con- l'derably less than half of what labor wants in the big dispute be- tween the railways and their 130- ‘ 000 non-operating employees. The majority report of the the disputants ——- suggested Wed- nesday they should accept wage concessions worth about $8,000,- around $100,000,000-plus. The companies had nothing. ‘ , , 1 Any company acceptance of the . bound even so, pan of it—indicated an ’ 'l'on flou- higher freight rates to up . were the freight rate application wold run ing on how much of the board re- port was written into a contract. . DECISION IN =ABEYANCE But whether either the com- , panics or the 15 unions represent- ing non-operating Workers would ' swallow the three - mam board’s recommendations a p p e ared in obeyanoe at the nmnent. Officers of the companies were expected to meet at Montreal to- ]! was reported there would be an Aug. 14 meeting at Montrte of the unions’ negotiating commit- tee under negotiating chief Frank H. Hall, now in Europe. I I Also, there was a hastily-con- vened meeting due in the next mole of days of the Canadian of. Railway Ema ployees negotiators—the brother- hood is the largest of the 15 nego- fisatirg unions. ‘ ' While no official spokesman Would talk for either the com- panies or the unions, one union of- ficial indicated unhappiness with ‘ .4116 report despite the fact it had been signed by David Lewis the V union nominee on the board. im ' Igreemeut with Mr. Justice H.F. I Thomson of Regina, _.T-he minority report of the Madman board‘was written by Many nominee Philip Vine- b'el‘g of Montreal. who said there should be no wage increase at time. , l - iowever, Mr. Vineberg agreed Dial 8506 ask for taker, for quick results. three-mam board—not binding on x 000 a year. They had asked for" _&shighu525percent;depend, TELEPHONE 8506 with Guardian Want classified ad their fishing poles at work just the same; Other kids bath in the water-covered street, caused by a with subsidiary recommendations of the majority, uot'amouniing to much in dollars. MAIN PROPOSALS The main of the majority report—with the ap- proximate cost per year for the employees directly :1th — were these: . ' 1. A wage increase ofrfour cents \ w OTTAWA, (Special) — Heath MP for Queens, leaves today'for impatient international gather- ingsxfiewill be the Canadian pare ticipant at a meeting of the ec- onomic of the NATO Parliamentary. Association in of Senator Javits, of-the U.S. members attending the confer- of economic conditions in‘the’ 15- member conference of the NATO Alliance. . ~ ‘ The second conference he lwill attend is to be held at St. George’s School, Olaiens, Switz- erland. At this gathering mesm- tions spend a week in infor- mal discussions of world affairs. ,Only two Canadians will parti- cipate. Hon; Paul Martin, former Health Minister, represent the Liberals and Mr. Macquame the Conservative party- ‘ The conference is sponsored by the U.S. Society of Friends, A similar meeting was held .last year but this is the first time Granada has beenrepresented. I, ASK ASYLUM V‘BElNYNIA (Reuters) '— Biscard Ferd, a 23~year~old Pole, asked for political asylum-when police found hiding in a railway but here Wednesday. Canada Will Admit Another I,IOO Refugees From Hungary OTTAWA (C(P) —-— The federal government has agreed to admit a! immigrants an additional 1,100 Hungarian refugees now in camps in Austria and Italy, Immigra- tion Minister Fairclough said Wednesday. ’ ‘ Mrs. Fairclough said in an in- ‘terview that the special humanl- tarian action is designed to asrst in the settlement of the last of some 200,000 Hungarians who fled their homeland after the 1956 re- "014t to seek permanent homes in Western nations. The movement will bring to .3315 the number of Hungarians Admitted to ClanEda. Only a few h‘mdl‘ed have returned to their homeland. The immigration department IS Making plans to bring the refu- 3995 to Canada before the end of the Year. Their pas-sage will be Paid by the government, follow- “18 the procedure in the move- ment of other Hungarians. They Will travel to Canada by regular Steamship service. The government will accept re- IPOnvsibili-ty for their care for one year, as was done in the case 0‘ previous erfu'gees to relieve Inlmicipaluies from financial bur- den. : A department official said the arrival of the Hungarians would not aiifect Canada’s current un- employment situation. to any great degree. The number of workers among them likely WOUId be few‘er than 500, with the rest wives and dependents. The government reported July 21 that an estimated 320,000 per- sons were without jobs and look- ing for work during the week ended June 21. The number has been reduced since that date. A departmental official also said that 150 Hungarians were re- ceiving federal assistance at July 23, compared with 1,300 two months earlier. _ _ The government dec151orr' fol- lows a visit to Ottawa April 29 by Dr, A. R. Lindt, United Nia- lious director-general of refugees. At that time he appealed to Prime 'Minister Diefenbaker that Canada lend a hand in clearmg the last Hungarian refugees out of camps in Austria and Italy. There now are about 8,000 Hun- garian r e f u g e e s in Austrian camps and another 1,000 in Italy. It’s expected that they Will be moved to Western counimes before the end of the year. ‘illAttend 1 p ' In Iondon Europe where .he' will attend two v London under the‘chairrnanslup. once will broad questions - bers of the Parliaments of 15 na- . Elite mum ism x NOT BlTliNG HERE , OTTAWA, — There were nolCharles and Roddy Pasch had 50-minute downpour which was too much for sewers and ditches. I ‘ (CP Wirephoto) Board SuggesIsLess Than Half Rail Workers Demand an hour retroactive to last Jan. 1 worth $11200,000 on a full year. 2. Three 'per cent effective next Sept. 1 worth $13,542,000 a year. 3. Three per cent effective next' April 1 also worth» $13,542,000 year. I I ; ‘ The-new contract suggested by the board would run for two years last J an. 1 succeeding one that efzplll'ed Dec. 31. 1957. ‘ I lm FV‘ m' HEATH MACQUAREIE M.iP.' Parliament At A Glance By THE cANAnIAN‘ PRESS Wednesday, July 30, 1958 A Commons vote of 162 to 43 defeated a Liberal motion urging reconsideration of reduction or removal of the Wiper-cent auto' excise tax. C(C‘F members also urged that municipal purchases of police cars and other vehicles be ex- empt from the tax. .S‘enntor John A. McDonald (L— Nova Scotia) urged extension of the Prairie Fanm Assistance Act to cover crop losses in all parts of Canada. Thursday, July 31, 1958 The Commons meets at 2:30 p.m. EDT to consider government legislation. The Senate sits at 3 p.m., Meg Arrives In Toronto TORONTO ( CPL—Princess Mar- garet flew into Toronto Wednes- day night for a 61/2~day visit to Ontario. A crowd estimated by police at 17,000 to 20,000 persons througed the area about nearby M'al‘tcu air- port when her four engined RC‘AF C—5 plane touched down at 3:27 p.m. after a 51/2-hour flight from Prince Albert, Sask, ,The princess, leaning on the back of a seat, stared soberly and intently out a window as the plane taxied up the landing strip. Her face broke into a winning smile as she stepped out of the plane. “Covers Prince Edward Island Like The Dew” Lebanese Pin Hopes On Today B'EIRUT (AP ) ——Pa2.'liament ex- pects to elect Gen. F-uad Shehab as President today‘iu the hope Lebanon’s military leader can bring 2- face. to this troubled land. Sick of rebellion, most mem- I)er are rrady to throw into his lap all the troubles that threaten to near the hide "cp‘lluc apart. fili-mcmbe~ body, said the session defialtcly would be held today (5 an. ADT). He predicted the nearly-unanimous (Tectlou of the amiable 56-year-old army chief. The new president will succeed President Camille Charmaun, Prime target of the rebellion. Charmoun’s six-year term is up Sept, 23 but the rebels want him to get out now. So sure were many of the dep- uties of Shehalb’ns election that they went around to congratulate him. . ‘ , FRONT MAY BACK HIM Even the four deputies of the National Front, the main rebel coalition, were reported disposed to vote for him The front declared Tuesday it would not support any candidate unless he demanded im- mediate withdmwal of American forces. Shehab has not answered the demands, but the front has threat- ened to carry on its rebellion un- less he bows to its terms. .Robert Mumhy, President Eis- enhower’s envoy who has been in- terviewing many political figures «here, went to Jordan Wednesday to visit King Husseim The king is under/mounting pressure from the same kind of terrorism and infiltration that has beset Leb- anon. A time bomb wrecked the in- side of the British library and in- formatiou .office in, the Jordan capital Tuesday night and another exploded outside the garage of a British banker. The Jordan army announced an- other clash with infiltrators‘ near of the; band. a man from Syria, ‘ Tw‘as‘captured along with a store c.” arms. ~ REASON FOR ACCEPTANCE . Shevhab has been acceded by the Lebanese as a compromise largely because he has kept away from controversy. President: Nasser of the United Arab Republic has referred to Shehvab as the man- “supported by most of the population.” Plan Inquest Saturday In Drowning Cose WHYCOCOMAGH, N.S. (CP) —. An inquest will be held Saturday mother and six of her 10 children trapped Tuesday night when their car plunged off a ferry wharf at Little Narrows, N.S., six miles from here. Acting coroner Benningtou the inquiry will be held at Bad~ ’deck Mrs. Anthony MacNeil, 35, of Iona, N.S., two of her sons and four daughters ,drowned when their car ran off aferry wharf into 40 feet of water. An eighth person in the car, Andy Campbell, 26, of Iona, jump- ed seconds before thc camhit the water. , , - Other victims were Allan Mac- Neill, 22. who was driving the 13, Jeanette, 9, and Eleanor, 4. Funeral services will be held Friday at Iona. Middle Eost ‘ At A Glance x I By THE‘ ASSOCIATED PRESS Beirut —- Parliament’s Speaker predicted nearly unanimous elec- tion Thursday for Gen. Fuad She- hab, compromise candidate, as Lebanon’s new president. Robert Murphy conferred with King Hussein. Two time bombs exploded. One wrecked interior of the British library and informa- tion centre. Munphy goes to Israel Th1 . . lay. ‘ Damascus — A U.A.R. spokes- man said a Turkish motor patrol fought Syrian border guards for 15 minutes, then withdrew to hill positions overlooking the frontier. N40 casualties were mentioned. Paris —— NATO Allies sought to iron differences among the United States, Britain and France over a summit conference, French in- sisted on big power talks behind closed doors; Britain ar" the United States on a summit pavrley within framework of the UN Se- curity Council. Moscow—The Kremlin charged that the United States and four P ugh ‘ad Pact members were pre- paring for an attack on Iraq. (The charge was dismissed as ridicul- ous by White Housevpress secre- tary James C. Hagenty in Wash- ington). Adel Osscirau, Speaker of the the Syrian border and said one ' into the drowning of a 35-year-old ' MacC‘askill of Baddeck, N.S., said ' Amman — U.S. trou‘blcsho-oter ‘ CHARLOTTETOWN, CANADA THURSDAY, JULY 31', 1958 HUGE SPENDING UPSWING LOOMS ,MiIIion-DoIIar NOT MORE THAN Child Is ‘ Missing SHEDIA'C, N. B., —- (CP) —- Three - year - old Diane Leger, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Fran- cis Leger of Moncton; was re- »ported missing early this morn- ing after wandering away from a cottage at Point du Chene near here. Search parties have been un- able to find any trace of the lit- tle ginl, last seen walking on the beach about eight p.m. Wednes- day night. A party of between 75 and 100 persons from the summer resort area are led by RCMP in search- ing for the girl. Allies Foil . To Agree O'n _ Summit Deal PARIS (Reutersl—Thc Western Allies were unable to reach agree- ment Wednesday on a concerted roach to a summit conference. After two inconclusive sessions, the 15-nation NATO permanent council called another meeting- ‘fbi‘ today to continue the discus pious. Sources said a determined ef- fort was being made to harmon- ize the views of the United States and Britain . on one hand and France on the other. But so far, France had not budged from her view that a summit meeting must lie outside the United Nations Security Council in a “serene” atmosphdre. . 'Nso decision has been reached c‘nWhat site to suggest for a sum- mit meeting in the replies due to (besent shortly to Soviet Premier Khrushchev.uxg I ’ New York séomed to be the fav-orite'with Geneva well in the " running. ‘ '~ , The davte\wlas a less burning is- sue and was expected to be about Aug. 12. ‘ Wednesday’s discussions were more an elf-art to “marry” the Anglo - American and French points of view than to obtain the adoption of one or the other in its entirety. Sources close to NATO said the air had been cleared Wednesday night and there had been some steps reconcilling the view. DUTCH BREWERS 'FRO’l‘II AMSTERDAM (R e u t e r s) —- Dutch brew-ens frothed abit Wed- esday at the news Holland has sen surpassed by West Germany .35 the world’s greatest beer-ex: OTTAWA (GP) — Thegovern- ment Wednesday stood firm on its refusal to abolish or reduce the 71/21per-cent excise tax on an- tomobiles. . It also rejected a proposal by the 'CCF to exempt municipalities from the tax on their purchases of police cars and other light motor vehicles. . “Just why,” asked Harold Winch (CCF —— Vancouver East), “can the finance minister not ex- pand his policy?’-' thin-g," replied Finance Minister Fleming as the Commons studied details of a bill to implement a ‘-series of excise tax changes an- nounced in his June 17 budget. . Mr‘. Fleming said the budget went “a considerable distance" in assisting the 5,000 municipalities in Canada by lifting the excise tax on fire trucks and other equipment that “we are very sure alone.” j SIDE EFFECT He said that if all motor ve-l hicles purchased by municipal- ities were exempt, someone other than the municipalities would also benefit from the exemption when used police cars were traded in every twto years or so. The big Progressive Conserva- t.ve majority in the Commons easily quashedby a vote of 162 to 43 a proposal by Hubert Bada- nai (L—Fort William) asking the government to reconsider its deci- sion to leave the excise ‘tax on cars untouched. The GOP group supported the Liberal pr 'sal. Erhant ,Regiér'l’GOF ; ‘, sty- Coquitlam) said the government should do all possible to relieve the municipalities’ tax burden. The tax'exemption should also ap- ply to half~ton and one-ton trucks which were increasingly replacing o PALACE. RECEPTION LONDON (Reuters) — Queen Elizabeth will hold a Bucking- ham Palace reception Tuesday for Anglican Comm-union arch- lhishops and bishops attending the Lambeth Conference here, it was announced Wednesday. COLLEGE HEADS MEET PERTH, Australia (Reutens) —- Vice - Chancellor L. Prescott of Western A u s trails-n- University leaves here next Wednesday to attend a Toronto meeting of uni- versity voicee- chancellors and a porting nation in the last year ,. car, Larry, 8, Frances, 14. Agnes, v. '7 THIS AERIAL view shows in the foreground part of the 500- acre farm of Peder Skotheim, which was a point of call yester- PRINCE ALBERT Sask. (CP) -—Princess Margaret left Western Canada Wednesday, ending a three-week tour of British Colum- bia, Alberta and Saskatchewan with an informal visit to a dis- trict farm home. Nearly 3,000 persons, many of them children were at the Prince Albert airport to watch the royal aircraft depart at 1:30 p.m. CST, three minutes behind schedule. They cheered the princess as she arrived in a helicopter from the Peder Skotheim farm. walked university congress in Montreal. I . day for Princess Margaret. The farm is located in the agricul- tural community of Spruce Home, abdut 16 miles north of Princess Ends Tour Of Sask: Wilh Informal Visit To Form that was to take her to Toronto and said good-b e to Pnime Min- ister Diefenbaker and other mem- bers of the scouting party. The departure ended a 221/2- hour visit to Saskatchewan that began Tuesday with a drive through Prince Albert and an ap- pearance before 10.000 persons at the city’s exhibition grandstand. INFORMAL VISIT The visit included an overnight stay in the resort centre of Was- kesiu 60 miles north, but its high point was the 45-minute uisit at the farm of the Skotheims, 16 from the 'copter to the RCAF 05 miles north of Prince Albert. “The $648,000,000 deficit for one will be used by municipalities: the heavier type of equipment used by municipalities. At another point in debate on the excise tax 'bill, Armand Du- mas (L—Villeneuve) said mining, company town-s should get the same benefit as incorporated mu- nicipalities on purchases of diesel fuel oil or'generatin-g electricity. EXCLUDES MINES ' Tax changes in Mr. Fleming’s budget exempt such purchases by logging and lumbering com- panies, but exclude mining com~ LONDON (AP) — Britain Wed- nesday announced agreement by ’15, Allies to cut and revise curbs on trade with the Communist world. The accord opened the way for greater East - West trade just when Europe is expecting the im- pact of the American recession. The agreement was disclosed by the Earl of Gosford. under- secretary for foreign aiflflairs. who told the House of Lords: ‘ 1. Details of a “substantial re- laxation” of the Allied controls be announced Aug. 15. Brit- officials have reported that al- most half the curbs — on nearly 100 items—will be swept away. 2. Britain’s of ‘ banning- items only “of strategic nificance” has 1311?, clyrbaen new ‘ I " films in- IS Allies Agree To ReVise Curbs On Trade With Reds‘ items of manufactured goods and panics. Mr. Dumas, whose northern Quebec constituency i n c l u d e 5 many mining towns,'said mine companies should be covered by the new exemptions. ‘The exemption would apply to inconporated municipalities, but not to unincorporated mining set- tlements built by companies, Mr. Fleming said. Mr. Dumas said such public services, whether publicly-owned or supplied by companies, should be exempt. Behind the Allied agreem ent lies a story of gradual U.S.- yield- over the mouths to British, French, West Gasman and Jap— anese pressure. \ MUST EXPORT TO LIVE Countries that have to export to live questioned whether the controls did not harm the Allies, more than the Cdmununists. Thd relaxations will allow Rus-‘ sia, Red China and other Com; munist lands to buy nearly 100 raw materials previously barred to y ' "quormants said these include machine tools, oil tankens, fast-cry ships, trans- portation e qui- p meut, including tmcksangd. small types of locu- matives electronic. equipment. plants for pmdming (volved easing the gromitdrules of Allied trade with the-Reds. : ’chenucalsn WEATHER , Sunny and warm; a. few showers in the afternoon; southwest winds 15. Low-high at Charlottetown 55 and 78. FIVE CENTS ‘ . O ._ Defence . DeCIslons ‘ Face ; Ottawa Federal GOv't Refuses To Abolish 0r Reduce Automobile Excise Tax Nine Maior Decisions OTTAWA (CP) -—- The govern- ment, is facing more major de- fence decisions than at any time since outbreak of the Kor 11 War in 1950, officials said nesday. - Nearly every one of these cisious involves expenditure of mind on some of these problems this year. - ‘" Impending huge defence out- lays are one main reason why ths' government would like to see I fruitful East-West summit confer- ence. Prime Minister Diefenbaker has warned that defence expen- ditures may attain “colossal and gigantic” proportions in the next two, three or four years unless .1 disarmament agreement is reached. The 1958-59 defence bud: get is $1,606,000.000. . NEED NEW EQUIPMENT (Defence Minister Peaches said before the Commons estimates committee early this month that the army’s most urgent meni today “would appear to bi modern equipment." , ' Some of the mador decisions (facing the government: , 1. Whether to order. into full production the supensbnic (IF-105 Arrow ’ crusher to install Bomam ada and manufacture this Ameniz can weapon in Canada. ' ‘ v 3. Whether and how to newly the RIClALF lacquadron air divis- ion in . I‘ \' 4. Whether to mm the United States Semi - Autmnutic Ground Environment (SAGE) System to speed the flow of radar informa- tion to control and combat cen— eleotric generators up to certain sizes, ball bearings, copper wire. r NEW YORK (AP) — The steel price front cracked wide open Wednesday when three more steel producers—the third, fourth and fifth largest in the US. — an- nounced price boosts. , ‘ An Associated Press poll found lar: steel users wondering how to absorb the added costs. Many said the increase would have to be passed on to the consumer but probably not right away. Joining Armco Steel Conponae tion in boosting prices were Re- public Steel Corporation of Cleve- Albert. Saskatchewan. Prince Norwegian-born Peder Skotheim, 56, and his wife pioneered the farm. Theyhave 10 children. The farm visit was the most in- formal function so far during her Canadia tour and gave the prin- cess her closest contact with Ca- nadian people. ' ' With Mr. and Mrs. Skot-heim, the princess moved easily about the farmstead, breaking away completely from others in the official party as she examined the livestock buildings. “I enjoyed it so much," said an excited Mrs. Szkutheim, who ap- peared slightly less at ease than her husband, a Norwegian - born farmer who appeared completely relaxed through most of the visit. “lit was a wonderful experience, very informal and she is so easy to talk to.” The princess wore a lime- ycllow costume Wednesday the same one she had worn earlier Steel Price Front Cr’ac'kecl Wide Open In Unite-cl States land, third biggest; Jones and (Laughlin Steel Corporation of Cleveland, fourth largest, and Na- tional Steel Conporation, fifth ranking. _ The Republican and J. and L. increases are effective today; Na- N tional’s on Friday. L The increases ‘aprply chiefly to "sheet and strip mill products; They average about $4.50 .. ton. Anmco. seventh largest U.S. steel producer,' touched off the 1958 round of steel price increaes by announcing its :new price schedule late Tuesday. Still to belheard from are the largest U.S. producer. United States Steel Corporation;- and Bethlehem Steel Corporation, sec- ond in size. U.S. Steel makes more steel than Republic, Jones and Laughlin and Armco put to- gether. '. U.S. Steel and Bethlehem said We Wednesday they still are studying the price situation». ‘ The, intentions of. other steel toes. A single sage installation costs around $7,000,000. 5. Whether to go ahead with construction of nuclear subma- rines in Canada. ' 6. Whether to under construc- tion of a small fleet of supply ships to replenish the destroyer ‘flotiillas at sea. I 7. Whether to punchase ground- to-oground and antitank missiles dot the army. 8. Whether to order ‘for the army 3 new armored mud. carnier and a new light ua-nsport one. 9. Whether to adopt all-jet/train- ing in the RIGAlF. ' Iron Recognizes Regime In Iraq GAZA, Egypt (Am—Iran Wed- nesday recognized the new reg gime in Iraq. Baghdad Radio said. - _ i r The lraqi radio said the Iron- handed the Iraqi foreign minister the new government. BONN (Reuters) —- West ,Ger- many recognized the new govern~ ment in Irad, the. West German makers were anything but clear. neWs agency reported wean“. day. '- ' Frenchmen Appear Ready To Okay De Gaulle Constitution PARIS (Reuters) Without reading a single clause, most Frenchmen appeared ready Wed- nesday torapprove Premier Charles de Gaulle‘s constitution for a Fifth Republic. ,The constitution, which would strengthen presidential power at the expense of parliament, was outlined Tuesday by dc Gaulle to a ‘special 30~memlber committee. Voters will be asked for their ap- proval in a referendum this fall. The ordinary French citizen ap- pears ready (to vote for the con- stitution for two major reasons: 1. They have confidence in dc Gaulle and his declared objective of ensuring stronger and more stable government. 2. They are disgusted with the parliamentarians for the muddle inNorth Africa and for instabil- ity at home. \ GOT POSITIVE ANSWER The’fact that in the minds of most citizens the question of the new constitution already has ,re- ceived a positive answer may ex» plain why its anuounliement got wider attention in some foreign countries than in France itself. The Communists, leftewing So- cialists and some selqutyled auti- Fascist groups are attacking the proposed constitution because it cuts down the powers of parlia- ment and because, they say, it opens up the way to dictatorship. in Kelowna. 3.0. i 253 constitutional refomms attacked the de Gaulle proposals because they give too much power to the the premier and his cabinet. De Gaulle returned to power June 1, after the May 13 army coup in Algeria, and he prom- ised prompt constitutional re- forms and a settlement of the Al- gerian war. . . Under the proposed constitu- tion, the French president would be 'able to name a premier with- out consultin party leaders faud to dissolve rliament. ’ ‘ POWER For: PRESIDENT The president could assume emergency powers to safeguard clause critics say could lead a dictatorship. 1 Cabinet ministers no longer would sit in parliament—an aban- donment of the traditional parlia- mentary system 'as exemplified by Britain and an adaptation the American system. One clause of the draft constitu- tion may provide a remedyyfor one of France’s persistent 'ail- ments: The multiplicity of par- ties. The cabinet will be empow- ered, once the constitution is ap- proved, to determine by degree the electoral system under which the new parliament is elected in November. The present deputies were elected by pnoport. . ional rep- resentation. a system which ‘ch- Some other politicians favoring dangers splinter party groupg'f g. Are Faced} ed. _. .; millions of dollars. The govarn- ' ment is expected to make up its " antiaincnalfit missile buses in Can; ‘ ian charge d’alflfaires in Baghdad 7. a note comprising recognition of r president instead of vesting it in, _ the independence of the nation, I. ‘