TUNE v11. 1938 BY GORDON Ganadian Garden Service 1938 iimpsait siurru I SUPPORT 55' pointed out by W. J. Canner- pli of the Ford Motor Co.. speakri before the Canadian Clubs of‘ em 551116 advice apples to man oung shade trees. new climbers. al encflt from some artliiciai Fbr tall iDdlVld steel are advisable and the plan tied to these looseiy longer stakes wlll shade trees cling to fence or wall. strong or perhaps adhesive tape brush or str tender foliage. With_ tomatoes. dahlias. etc., us. lially side shoots are nipped of. and the main stem only allowed (TOW. CULTIVATION since time immemorlal gardening has been associated with cultiva- tron and scentisls now agree that lhere Was a very gooq reason h)!‘ the combination. Cultivation not only kills weeds. which disfigure beds of flowers and vegetables and rnb these respectable things o! moisture and food. but it also keeps soil open so that it will remain sweet and absorb necessary cheml. gizls from the air. Bacterial action neath is aho assisted. oasen day other things which will relieve uch of the drudgery which the 0e still represents in the eye o! e growing country boy, A 11mg three fingered wire cultivator will "’°'3.‘i..‘.¥°‘}i’§.f.Zs”§‘l‘é° “iktfid” v . ggtch hoe which ls We s A Ont. this Shrink. support ior I young tree may not be natural but it is sensible and necessary dur- lng the early siages oi growth. 'i'ne y gar- den plants and shrubbery. Lflhilli, tomatoes. large cosmos or nicotine, sun- poi-t while they are getLng slartgd, ual Jowers or to- matoas. 6 foot stakes of woodtor is g with sole ‘ twine or rafla. Stouter and perhaps be used with and correspondingly ihorter ones for the smaller flow- ers. With vines getting ready to is itaples Where it is impossible % .le. with sweet peas. and ordinary Arden peas one may use wire. from three feet to six feet high depend. lng how iall the peas grow in the readers particular part oi Canada. Old gardeners. hzwevei- state that 118s are preferable for the peas as the wire may burn the above ior plaintuig union; 8-110 other surng B91016. i garden pests. qtaiiaalan Seed Trade Associ- aiion- DBIVEWAYS sires to keep his span 01’ W1! ID aver . To do this many people are us decided upon then any oi the spir- either clipped once a year ci- ai- lxowed to grow naturally. shrubbery or p pending upon mature height. m-ust have good soil and is be watered occasionally during the first season. Sometimes. shrubbei-y for the first year or two is rein- forced by a few strands of heavy wire fastened securely to stout stakes painted brown or green. STONE CURB AND WEED KILLERS When stones or brick are used they must be securely anchored in the earth or ooncnt . Only two in- ohes left above the eur.ace oi drive and lawn will be necessary. If higher there will be difficulty in moving close with the lawnmower. Grass of course is grown right up among gardeners b0 t; advised “o spray with some of §....‘l‘.,g1“,‘“f,’,‘,,,,‘,‘§§',,e,°ofmmwo, hi: commercial weed killers now perennjgl bed in thirty mnuws_ available. If riot handy gasoline For vegetable rows. there are small cultivaiors pulled by hand which will cultivate a plot 100 by 50 in well under an hour and these be procured in larger sise (p; rse or tractor. . FEED THE LAWNS Thin lawns liberally mixed with weed. almost invariably indicate impoverished soil. Sometimes only liberal application of commercial ertlizer or well rotted manure is Wesson to restore rich mpenness. . ell fed grass will usually crowd out most weeds though it will ‘a but- ers knife. Simply cut the mots ll below the surface and. remove Weeds. ing surrounding grass and soil remain. Such weeding would be done when is fairly 1 0st otherwise whole unks of miss will come out with each weed. where grass is very thin it will llso be advisable to scratch lightly with rake and sow some good grass seed. At this time holes may be filled up gradually with good soil and sown with grass. . BEADED LAWNB soil ch l llf moss is growing in the lawn usually it is a sign of sour soil. Remed . ls - den lime. Ifanihannncatmnlso’ m. should e ground special shade loving grass be sown and possibly some of the ggcrhflnsing tree branches remov- If rots of these trees are close to the surface. it may be necessary either to aba don grass in favor of flag stones r to recover surface véiltlh another six inches of good Sometimes tree roots work up to- wards the surface simply because there is water there and none be- neath. Heavy watering lawns Once a week will prevent this dan- ger and will also be best for the lawn itself. In cool weather lawns can be cut short everv four or five days if ‘flowing fast. but in the hot weeks of summer less Ireduent and less short mowing is advisable. FILLING IN It is a good plan. old gardeners state. to use started annual flow- A THOROUGH EXAMINATION with latest scientific Instru- ments will give the preocrlfl‘ tlcn which allows you to use your evee without strain. Avoid the headaches and irritations of even ollelii eye- strain. Know voui- eves. consult G. F. l-Iutcheson will do the trick. Care must be ex- ercised to keep these killers away from wanted grass. flowers or ahrubberc. Another suitable mater- ial fm- weeds or grass in driveways is common salt. the cheaper and courses thfi better. Not only will a liberal ap ication of thm about one or two a handful to the square foot destroy grass. weeds. poison ivy. etc. bu it will also bind grave- ly together into an even surface. frost. In some parts of 0e salt is used on all travel roads and gives a sur- face equal to lisht pavement. INSECTS AND DISEASES eri holes in liming Often when both are present. a combination of poison and some- thing that burns. such as lime sul- phur and arsenatc. gives the best results. The damage from the bit- ing insects is usually quite appar- ent, but the presence of the other kind is only shown at first by a wilting or withering oi the foliage. m sucking nests, chief oi which are the aphids or plant lice. spray withdwhtelgoaoilwsonaixnfin qilnléloal‘ un o g l-lf of watennnicotlns sulphate. oi ‘Block loaf 40.’ or any other repel- lent secured from a reliable seed ‘m’ FUNGUS ' Lhvnfml‘ fmmuafiy turnsmyefi l)???‘ a oiage U!“ brown. or white spots like mildew cover the leaves. mmgus is most common lri warm. murky Well-hef- Sprayi with Bordeaux Mixture, or dus with s lly finely d s phur is vised. Sulvh“! ust will also protect liouyhuckfl and pliioir from rust. if applied when the disease first shows itself. t worms. which eat through newly set out plants at base the stem. are poisoned by spread- lngksweetened brgrzchirlu l Per green or s gbout the plants. Where there are only a few plants to protect the guns may be provided with paper collars. sTiLL TIME Even in the warmer sections oi Canada it is quite ble to have en from a. start a: leffidlgurffis a matter oi fact more Canadian gardens are damas- ed by too early rather than too late operations. Many flowers and vasc- tables make little growth durum the cooler sprin weather and very ltrlilefiiylsrzase, however. even i t bias there are gtfillnglzfirify ‘tixfdihfisleufo plant which will come on after the first blcom or (ii-st vegetables are over. Ex- rlenced gardeners in recent years t1 . gngorotgitéroyéllflflblfl F‘ tended just that much longer. is the id l time in ly Jule o 3c o! Ear most of Canada t m“ map mess hot weather th on‘ wcumbefti 53m safe in many ¢ebb:ge and 009D" to plant miullgalfi-hllooglrzld. mas Associ- atlon- bluniaal E's-Yrs "ngle e . are: a Mr pound, blanket $2.00. It takes five pounds of wool sriiimie illlll vriviiiii eopsepuniritoylmlfl d woven Into yarn l3 cents. double $0 ccnll Wool must well washed and all dlfl fl . out. The also o ringeogrtm M?“ vlrflfinufl 353357.’. “"5233. .2»... and son-Wm‘ we m, foylllnwewggll werl plelre Wdflfilo: $3 cvnll W! wine. s ‘cl pa» roi- unwllhed. “who h!" ms colorcdpfiallifli an ll l" "M" m ' H‘ oil-Hts of the kinds mentioned tulips 1101mm); pulp, Mimi‘ WW we ta... their lies. iii a sew 190W weeks. ‘they need sonic- tiiiiig w hiue oy-ux roiiase. iiien Bill!!! Ulliui Rlowlng annuals wui always oe useiui ior tiling in any 01min spots in "me pereiilhal begs Wnele winter has been unusuauy next week. driveways. fighting Where driveways and lawns came tageuier mere is often a source or AIIIIOYUIce to the gardener who de- ' _ layout spic and . if the drives are of cinder, gravel. or crushed stone. car wheels \he youngsters will often throw some of this material lriw the lawn h polling results on a sharp lawnmower. Then again the gram spreads from lawn into the dr.ve- way and weeds travel in the other direction. I. driveway and lawn can be rigidly separated with a perman- ent curb. then much trouble will be 1X18 low hedgu or a. curb of flag stones sunk deep on edge. If shrubbery is eas. barberry or o.her small to me- go dium height shrubs are used and this urpose is planted about 18 inches to two feet apart. dale; Card insect enemies are dlvld-q _ ed into two proupe.—those that eat atal damage from me main plantings have been made l h ldifli! blfik we‘ been Dwmysplrgach. carrot ds s0 that the harvesting season marbPfl" dlum or lute corn JLSSL-llld and beans. i , torn to.‘ districts to set ouitgxczlcarxyts rn:%h t lenty o e m“ r’ %i: fiimffiius and Can- rns ciisizwrrarowu GUARDIAN llllRSE_ll_EMlllll8 C. E. MIcKENZIE 1892 RACES (Continued) On Aug. 15th there was a good day's sport at Orwell. when a full card of four races were run off with a slate of fourteen horses con- tending. some of these horses tak- ing part in two events. The three minute class had six starters and resulted in a three one event for Delia. a daughter oi Abdallah Mes- senger. Messenger Boy. Jr, p. nice looking son oi Messenger Boy con- tending. third ‘place went to Sir Wallle M.. by Sir William Wallace; fourth to a son of Dean Swift. while Nellie. a daughter of Blutcher Boy. having two fours and one fifth. got fifth place with Maud R. by Royal Frenchman sixth. Best time 3.06. The 2.45 class had three starters namely Ruby. by All Right. own- ed by Joseph S. Coles. Milton. King of the Turf. by Barney 13.. owned by D. Martin and Mazle. by Dean Swirt. owned by J. H. Good. Char- lottetown. Ruby after dirophlns the first heat to King proved a winner. Kink second and Mazle third. Best time 3.02. Two special races were held. one a match between Millionaire by Black Pilot and Mazle by Dean Swift. Millionaire. as his name indicated. was right after the money and romped home a win- ner in each heat. Best time 3.04. t In the other special race Mes- senger was ‘placed first in first and second heats. second in the third and first in the final heat. Nellie got second money and Maud D.. a daughter of Kingblrd. Jr. third. me 3.04. Charlottetown Driving Park put on a meet on Aug. 17 consisting of a Free-for-All and a three minute class. There were five starters in this class. Benny P.. a g-rey son oi Fearnaught. had the speed of the lot and had three ones to his cre- dit making the mlle in 2.34. Sir Charles. a. son of Peter Blair. fin- ished three. two. three and not second money. Lucy Derrick. an- other Nova Scotia entry. was plac- ed five. four. two and third money. Harry (3.. a sop of Black Pilot. finished second in the first heat and bmuglht the field home in the re- maining heats. while that wonder- ful little son of French Sporter. Loafer finished fourth. third. fourth. Best time 2.34. The second event on the card was the three minute class with the following horses-San Slick. a bay horse sired by Uncle Sim. Sim. a son of MacMlllans Harry. Yellow Bird. by Dean ft Parnell. that beautiful stallion owned by the late P. P. Gillls. This horse was sired by Abdallah Messen- ger. and his dam was a daughter of Old Saladin. The other en- tries were Ilderlm by Olymphus and Birdie Patchern. a daughter of Royal flurry. and out of Alo- beeta Patcheri imported from New York by the late Dr. Jenkins. It took four heats to declare a winner. Sam Slick after finish- lng third in the first heat found his stride and lead the way home in the other three heats. Sim trotted splendidly in the first heat but not having had suffici- ent work had a checkered sum- mary of 3. 6, 4 in the other heats. Yellow Bird had 2. 2. 3. 4. and Parnell after being behind the first two heats. finished second in the other two heals. Ilderim had 4. 4. 3. 5 and Birdie Patichen was fifth. the first three hails. and drawn in the final heat. with the best time in the first heat 2.40. On August 19th all roads led t0 Souris where the mane/Red's of Souris race track put on a double header. In the three min-rite class. which was a four heat event. a pacer, Jules Robin. son of Abd-allah Mes- senger. who later made a good mark for himself was placed first in the first two heals. drop- ping the third to Parnell. came back and won the final heat and race. Parnell second money. Sim third money and Yellow Bird bring them home. Best time 2.40%. The other event was a. 2.40 trot and place having three entries and won by Harry Connelly‘s Hernando stallion Harry C. Harry drop- ped the first two heats to Deer- fleld. a son of Kimble Morgan, opened up and distanced the field in the third heat. Time 2.40. The other entry Nelson. by Sir Robert. was placed third in the th first two heats. summeieide again out on a three race meet on Aug. 24th." comprising a Free-Fbr-All. a 2.45. and a 3.00 class. Six of them. well known speed horses. taking part. that grand little mare Dot heading the summary. Loafer had 3. 2. 2. Parkslde a 6. 3. and the flag. The other entries Onward. Lucky Derrick and Harry C. fin- lshlng 2. 4 and 5 in the first heat and getting the outside of the dis- lance Judge in the second heat. Best time 2.29%. In the 2.45 class the followlnfl horses started Jules Robin. Loot 8.. a daughter of Black Pilot. John C. and Little Joker. a son of French Spotter. The first resulted in a victory for loot S. John C. second. Juice Robin third and Little Joker he- hind the flag. In the remaining heats Jules Robin had too much brush for the field and was never headed. Loot S. being second each . John. Q. bringing. ..tl1..e;m .. home. Best time £4 . The 3.00 class had five starters namely Sim. Yellow Bird Parnell. Malpeque Boy. a gpn of Coy Boy. Balston and a mare named Well- lngton Belle. a. daughter of e son of All Right amed Ben Hur. Sim after dropping the first heat to Yellow Bird. lead the way home in the other heats. Yellow l. 354 .4.'Pemel1 flag. Best t . 0n Sept. 22 S ersldc was again on the map w e $.00 race was run off. There were five starters namely Dalston. 0r- phan Blrl. by Dean Swift Mil- lionaire, Mhlpcqu 80y ind John Stanley. s eon of Swift. Balaton havinir had sufficient work lead the way in the three heels with Orphan Girl. two sec- onds and one third. llilllomln e tn and e second. - sh’... lrieoey. five. four and John Stanley four. "V8.9 u» flog in the fiuel tint um- 2.46%. Up to this dole we had a lerlclr. of ten meets wltilmiirhty BULIMARY OITAWA- June 2, 193B —'I‘h0 was featured this week a good strong trade on practice yeah classes of but- cher cattle. mend was good for grain-fed offerings and some mod- crate price advances were ilricover- rtss to the United States were again at a minimum. as prices obtainable to the south do not al- low of a profitable shipping mar- gai . Demand on Overseas account continues good. particularly at ‘Ilo- ronto. where some 600 head were taken off the market. Deliveries .ln the west were generally well regu- lated and local demand was suffici- ently good to take care of all the suitable material coming forward. With warmer weather approaching good cattle are expected to main- tain grass cattle cautiously The latter were not ai-tlculary popu- lar with buyers is week. Cattle Prices Prices at Toronto were strong to 15c higher on a.ll butchers with weignty steers ranging up to $7.50. the high for the week. and some desirable lightweight butchers mak- ing as high as $7.35. Good cows. on the other hand, were 25c down and plain to medium a full 50c lower. A similar condition prevailed at Montreal. with cows losing 25c to 50c or more, and all other grades selling steady to strong. Steers made as high as $7 75 and one individual topped at $8, Al; Winnipeg a fairly small representation of suitable strong weight steers met keen com- petition amon local buyers up to $7.25, and oice handyweights were well cleared up to $7.50 and an extreme $7.75. Grain-feds clos- ed firm at Calgary, but grass cat- tle and particul cows were sharply lower. The high point of the week was $7 25. Edmonton also cleared gralnfeds readily up to $7. but was bearish on grasses. An odd choice heavy steer made $6 at Prince Al-bert, while Moose Jaw had a top of $7. Regina $7.25 and an odd $7.5_0, and Saskatoon. where the quality was lower. topped at 25 i»... causal-ins ln United tatcs Very few sales of Canadian cat- tle were made on American mar- kets during the week. Buffalo had no Canadian cattle but sold a few lots cf calves up to a. top price of $10. Domestic cattle were steady to 25c lower at Buffalo, with good to choice kinds of steers at $9.50 to $10, and medium to good grades from $8.50 to $9.25 Recent quota- tlons from St. Paul on choice heavy Canadian were around $9.25. Exports to the United States this week totalled 306 beef dairy. and, 716 calves, making the totals to date 21.523 beef. 3,802 dairy, and 21.811 calves. and 44 hogs. compared with 78,135 beef, 5,148 dairy, 43.679 calves. and 31,- 441- iiogs during the same period last year. The British Market There was some improvement in demand for both fat and store cat- tle on British markets. and Birken- head disposed of the Canadian cattle from the S. S. Manchester Regiment at l5 1-20 to 16 1-20 dressed weight including offal or about one half cent better than the previous sale. Steers from the S. S. Delilian had a ood attend- ance of buyers at Gasgow and averaged 9e er lb., live weight. Further bene lcial rains were re- ceived in the British Isles during the week- Thc s. S. Manchester Producer carried 429 cattle from John. N B.. to Birkenhead sailln on June 2nd. and the S. S. an- cheater Commerce sailed from Montreal for Birkenhead. also on the 2nd. with 667 cattle. making the total exports to date this year 17.779. In the same period last year Oé/Iegseas shipments only totalled Calf Market Mostly Steady to St roug Toronto was an exception to the general trend in the calf market. opening week and later losing a- bout 5Qc_._gpod veals closing at $7.50 ‘Livestock Markets to $8 and a few tops 50. Other centres however. Owed fair strength. Montreal selling up to a high price 0f 88 and Winnivfli "P to $7 50. Calgary was steady up to a high of $8, while Edmonton. Nico? Jaw and Saskatoon topped a . iloge Easier at the (lloee Hogs started out well at the com- mencement of the week. but at most centres were definitely lower by close of trading. Toronto open- ed at $10.75 to $10.85 for baoons with some up to $11 Packers bids on Wednesday were lower and by market was down 25. to 40c at $10.50 off trucks. Montreal bacons were $11 to $11.25 f. 5s w. All western markets closed shar 1y lower. Winnipeg at $10.25 for ons f. d: w., Calgary $9.50 off trucks, Edmonton $9 50 off trucks. Prince Albert at $10. Moose Jaw and Regina $10.10 and Sask- atoon $10 10 to $10.35. Lamb Prices Toronto had good s ring lambs up to $13 per cwt.. an some fairly good feedlot lambs from $9 to $9.25. Montreal sold spring lambs between $12 and $13. Winnipeg was fairly strong up to $12 on sprinZ lambs. Calgary u to $10.76. Ed- monton $9. and ince Albert and Saskatoon $10. CATTLE MARKETS TORONTO sold 6.700 cattle and was active at prices strong to 15c higher on all except cows which lost 25c to 50c. We hty steers rang- ed frcm $0 to $7.5 . while common butcher steers and heifers brought $5.50 to $6, good to choice $7 t0 $7.25 and a few lots of light butch- ers up to $7.35. Only a few dry- fed cows made better than 85 50. plain to medium had numerous sales between / $9.50 and $4.50. canners and cutters were $2.50 to $3.25. Fed calves were stronger, good to choice at $7.50 t0 $8.25 and plain down to $6.50. A few light stockers, common to medium, brought $4.50 lo $5.50 and one good load $$6-25. Good tested milk. ers and sprlngers made up to 805- MQNTREAL prices on plain medium grassey cows were 25c to 50c or more lower but all other grades oi cattle were steady strong. Sales for export Overseas accounted for 175 cattle. Good steers sold frpmafil t0 $7.75 with one top at $8. in ums mostly $6.25 to $6.85 and common $5 to $5.75. Heifers were $3 to $6.75. good butcher cows $5.25 to $6, to medium $3.25 to $5. and cann- ers and cutters $2 to $3- Butcher bulls made $5 to $6 and bologrias $3.75 t0 $4.75. CALF MARKETS TORONTO. calf market opened weak with good veals around 500 lower and closed with good mak- ing $7.50 to $8, a few tops $8.50. cordimo? tosrgie$ugirzi Awetre about ate y rom . ew gass- erssgnd drinkers made $3. to MONTREAL calf prices were stronger. A few good veals sold at $7 50 to $8. others from :5 to $7.25 and drinkers $4.50 to $4. 5. HOG MARKETS Total hog run for the week a- mounted to 59.566 head, as oom- ared with 80.837 in the same week ast year. The total run for 22 weeks of 1939 is 1.480.143. as com- pared with l.79f‘,228 in the same period last year. ‘TORONTO hog market opened 25c higher but packers bids by Wednesday were lower and the market finally closed 25c t0 40¢ lower on Thursday $10 50 for bacons off trucks. SHEEP AND LAMB MARKETS 'I‘ORON'I‘0 sold a few fairly good feedlot lambs at $9 to $9.25. common down to $6.50. 000d spring lambs brought $13 and thin lights $9 to $10. Sheep were lowe with only a. few 800d l his lng better than $4, Gulls were down to $1.50. MONTREAL had 51711114! of ood weights and quality to glii. P"'1 lights at $10. $3 to $5 25. lambs at $12 Sheep Save Space, Grow Cucumbers in Air The idea of growing cucumbers as climbing vines rather than as ramblers over the face of the earth where they take up much room is gaining in popularity. The idea has men spread through the medium of some of the great greenhouse plants about the country devoted entire] to the winter growing of cucum ers foi- the cold season mar- ket. In these glass houses the cu- cumbers are trained to strings and go straight up to the roofs. They may be as easily grown in the home garden in this manner as in a greenhouse and with great economy of space. A sunny back porch may have cucumbers as roducing vines and it is as attract ye in appearance as some vines that are grown as ornaments. The vine wlll climb quickly if giv- en support and will produce just as abundantly in an upright position shade ando. Black Pilot. Gay Boy. Rileys Dean Administrator Is- "llififlTlflléflilld a lilflfi i umber 0f Island bred sires as well. The fastest heat to date was QNYI made by Dot at " ersi‘ . Of the race tracks still holdini meets we have Charlottetown. Summers“. and Georgetown. all the others have gone into history and how interesting a brief sketch of races on each of these tracks would be to we older fans of the King's Sport. The writer would only be foo pleased to write up each and all of these meets if data were procur- e. ‘Ihut this province ls rich in ruc- lng lore. is quite evident, and a‘ complete a record as possible should be published so that this glamorous background may not be lost to future race sports. Not long ago I_had the pleas- weekly published in Charlotte- town in which I found o sum- mary of e race held on Croekors race course. situated near the éunction of the Union and St. rs Roads. ».'l‘he date of this paper was Oct- ober; i027. one hundred and-eleven ago and when further dais prccurebie I plan on rnaklns race the foundation of our Olflflt i activities. . 5.1‘: “be Continued) that the cuke will run which is its natural method of growth. being provided with tendrils for climbing. Often cu- cumbers on the edge of a corn planting will seize upon a corn- stalk as support. Six-foot trel‘ises can be made at home to accommodate the. vines very easily and when they reach the top they can be pinched back ____.. CUCUMDEKS TMINGD Q0 VIRF. FINE I dflllon. Verbena BATS PLANTS pwlsalhtofplsntspnd ANNUAL BEDDING FLOWER PLANTS-Aster. Stocks. Petunia in {kilo following color: om. Fflllifll. B8100 minds-S - IV h. I19 Portulaca. Scablola. Agar-atom: Phlox. Cosmoa Kochis. or Bur-um Bus _ Lobelil. (dwarf), fuglm" [fuel-AFC l gal l . ‘pure Illll EH - oasis, Cplelldllll, mil s-lvis, n ‘ll!- ced W?! llr s la. Salvis. and all doube Petunia PEBRENIALS AND BIENNIALS, One year- old-Pansy. higlisli Daisy, FlIIIfl-menut and Carnation at 10c "fill. pootpsld. Fox glove. Canter- buz bell. and Sweet wliusm 15o clc - Columbme 2 year old 25c each. Double llollyhock and Delph- lnllln 20c. csoa EIEVEN. A £012 FARMERS, STOCK BREEDERS “AND GARDENERS — NEWSY VEGETABLE PLANTS — Extra Early Cabbage Cauliflower sud 20c ‘per dos. $1.50 por 100- Second Ear y Cabbage and Cauli- flower 20c peh dos. 1.25 per 100- Extra Early Tomato 40s per flog. Late Tomato 30c per doz. Peppers 30c doz. Cucumbers and Bead Lot- iiice 25c dos. All the above plants are now ready for planting. NOTE-hie Cabbage for fall and winter use. not ready before June l5th—30c per 100, by mail 35c. La Cauliflower 20c dot, 75c per I00 pout We are always pleased to have customers coll and personally sel- ect their plants. Carter A Co., Seed Store and F. W. Woolworth. Queen Street. have our plants for sale fresh from our gardens daily. Please remit by money order. li b check add 15c exchange. Send a Ill" orders to J. J. GAY & SON Box 1B7, C‘ lotiotown. Spring Gare of Lambs (F , r-imental Farms Note) When the snow has gone in the fin; and the ound has become , the lawn s ouldbe thorough- ly combed out with a fine rake or stiff broom so that dead grass and other inert matter is removed. The reason for this is that the tender shoots are easily by such material. Any spots which have become infested with weeds should be cleaned out and bare patches left by this oper- ation reseeded. 'I‘he thin or bare areas in the lawn should be seeded right away with a suitable grass. Fortunately there are several grasses that are satisfactory oyer a wide range of soil and climatic conditions. Ken- tucky blue grass is the most suit- able grass for ordinary lawns as it forms a sod which is very service- able and long wearing. states A. M. Ross, Division of Forage Plants, Central Ex erimental Farm, Ot- tawa. For is reason it is used as a base for most lawn mixtures. Colonial bent ls not a creeping bent and is therefore suitable for lawns. ‘This grass is hardy in Can- ada and is generally useful for producin a. fine, dense sod which will per-s st both on ordinary lawns and also where close cutting ls practised. Of all the bent grasses t requires.the least water. but needs considerably more car; than Kentucky blue grass. Where avery fine lawn is desired colonial bent may be sown alone. but for general purposes this grass ls recommend- ed a mixture with Kentucky blue, as this produces sod which has the advantages of the blue rass. and is much denser clue to e presence of the bent. Ont of the best mixtures for eneral lawn use is made up in the ollowing proportions: Four Ken- tucky blue grass, one colonial bent. and one quarter of an ounce .oi white Dutch clover. The average person buylngelawn grass seed can- not be expec d to know the qual- ity of the seed by general ap- pearances. but the Department of Agriculture officially grades all of this seed sold in Canada. The lawn to be reseeded should be worked into a fine seed bed and sown with the recommended mixt- ure at the rate of three pounds fier thousand square feet. A sat- factcry method of getting an even distribution of seed ls to div- ids the required amount of sew in half and use the first half to sow the whole area. and the sec- ond half to go over it again this time roceeding at right angles m the d ection taken when sowing the first time. Coyerlngh may be done by l htly rakin eseed in- to the ear h. or bet er still b covering very lightly wit screened soil. Ten pails of soil should cover an area of 1000 square feet oi seeded surface. and AulfIlléCh mterdarigl Cllghflfl) stand w e o lne an y uryng the seed deeply. Lawn gram must have food if it is to grow normally. This food can be supplied at small costs and should be applied just as soon as the. page: .3111 Aeedips ...has been done. ere are on the market a to be kept in bounds When known to u right supports as climbers the prob em of furnishin them with moisture in hot wea her is much easier to handle then when they sprawl about-the ground. They can iveri a mulch or trenc can u from the vines on eltfier side of t e row to be ill- led with water to soak into the soil. Cucumbers like a good soil but revel in one of fairly light texture which is easl warmed provided it can be furri ed with a supply of moisture. The time to ive cu- cumbers iheir heavy feed ng is at the start of their career A ply plantfmd at the rate of one eve tablesoocnsful to one square foot of soil. It is not needed so much in their later career. It is posslbleio get so much nitrogen into the soil n the way of humus and fertiliser foo luxuri ontly to leaf and vine. If the vine zooms to be running too heavily inch out the ends of the .pi_'iu- bufl to clbal shoot and head it _ iWl and blossoming and fruiting. the first cucumber the vine to cocci? the not the family- o» ‘ of ready mixed fertilizers‘: most of which will produce results. It is important to up ly fertilizer very evenly and at he rates specified on the containers. Satisfactory results cannot, be ex- pected by applying one pound where five pounds are recom- mended. and vice versa. As soon as the fertilizer has been applied it should be well watered in, care be- ing taken to use a fine spray so that the seed is not disturbed ln the newly seeded areas. New seed- ing! should be kept moist. but not flooded. for about two weeks to enable the grass to become well established. (futti should be regular and should s t as soon as the grass is long enough to allow the mow- er to function roperly. It ls a mistake to let e grass grow over two inches long at any time. In cluttins. it is adtyiseble to use a m oet~her an remove all eut- lngs. which otherwise cause harm by forming a met and thus smoth- ering young shoots. Cuttings also heip weeds to spread... as weed seeds are generally present in the cuttings and. if not removed, szon e established. _._.._.._...___.. I! AGI-ICOLA NOTES — NATURE NOTES ‘Through the courtesy of Prof. B. R. Hurst. the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, I have been en- abled to examine a plant which ls often brought to his notice as_ a Weed in hayfl 1t is the Bar- bares. vulgarls of Robert Brown, with at least three popular names. viz.. Yellow Rocket, Common Win- ter-cras. and. in some places, Yel- low Weed. The leaves are pinnati- fld. (divided). with the terminal lobe the largest. The flowering stem is usually a foot high. but may be higher under very favor- able conditions: it is strongly gmov- ed and angled. The somewhat raccmose heads of small bright yellow flowers bring the plants at once to the farm- er's notice. and of course the best thing he can do is to pull them- not because they are particularly noxious. but because they use up soil moisture. and occupy ground that might grow better things. Cows wlll crop both flowers and leaves. though to humans they are unpleasantly bitter. As the plant is biennial it springs early and per- haps our forefathers. who were not as fastidious as we. used it as a spring salad or cress. The 1min name is a reminder that in Old England the herb was dedicated to St. Barbara. We have three Barbareas listed in the flora of this Province: they are most easily distinguished after they have gone to seed. B. vul- has the slender pedlcels of the pods spreading, and the pods divergent or slightly ascending; B. stricta drz, the Erect-frulted Winter Crem, has the pods appress- ed to the stem; and B. preecox (J. I". Smith) R. Br.. the Early Winter or Belle Isle Cress has stout. thick pedricels to the pods. When the Laurel hull-less oats were first introduced, some few years ago. I managed to get hold of a small quantity. I grew them on in the garden till there was enough seed for a strip in the field. the next step brought enough seed to sow a whole field, and in 1937 this Laurel oat outylelded the rest. This Spring I decided to corn- mcnce the cycle anew. I took a small quantity. enough for a gar- den row. and took out all "foreign" . The seeds withdrawn were: white oats. quite a quantity; a few black oats which must have got in at threshing time; a few barley corris; two or three grains of wheat: and what I took to be a reversion to one of the parents of Laurel which has a small grain with a hull. This gives an insight into the difficulty of keeping a strain 171B‘ e. There came by mail today a car- ton containing clusters of "berrlm" from. a. climbing shrub~the Cela- strus or Bittersweet. The “berries" are about the size of peas. and con- slat of two parts anouter skin or capsule. orange in color. which splits into three divisions. display- ing the scarlet. berry-like aril. As neither the divisions nor the aril fall till winter is well away. the ef- fect must be very ornamental. The plant is dioeoious. that is. the male and female flowers are on separate plants. My Celastrus. which cov- ers the verandah. is a male. and bears thousands. may be millions, 0d small lemon-scented flowers. which fall without leaving berries. One should always raise and plant several of the plants together till they bloom. and then cut out all the "drones" but one. In England, I am told. a long period of drought has just come to an end. after doing damage esti- mated at several millions of pounds sterling to the crops. This was ac- companied. night-frosts that nipped the apple blossoms in the fruit flowing districts: it is the May frosts that. the British orchard- ist fears. (The date of my inform- ation was May 5th.) Our dry per- iod (iommenced atfter the it cleared in the afternoon and the sky has been clear up to June 3rd. the date of this writing. The dry spell has probably left its mark on the hay crop, to say nothing of other things. We were not alone in having in- sect troubles last year: in the coun- ties of Norfolk and Suffolk. Eng- land. there was an outbreak of the small Ermine Moth whose larvae spun filmy white webs over the shade trees on which they feed. So complete was the covering that the landscape assumed a. wintry aspect. Scotland had a plague of the Ant- ler Moth whose caterpillars dam- aged the pastures over a fifty mile radius. There was a similar plague on a lesser" scale in the North-west of England. When the starlings get to be a nuisance here (and that won't be too long) it is well to remember that Jack Miner once invented a trap that is easily and cheaply con- structed. It. Ls in the form of a cage 0 feet wide. 6 feet high and 12 feet long. covered with chicken wire. of one-inch mesh. and hav- ing a small door (for the attend- ant) on one side. The base pieces (sills) are 2 by 4. and the rest of the woodwork 2 by 2 inch stuff. The uprights should be braced. About 1B inches from the top iri- side the cage boards about 8 inches wide are stretched from one side to the other: on these the bait (usually grain) ls placed. An out- side shelf or landing platform is built level with the end of the bait- boards on both sides. Leading from this platform. at both ends of the bait boards. is a small short "tun- nel" made by looping chicken wire over the boards. The ceiling of the tunnel becomes lower as it nears the inner end which is clos- ed. A small opening is then made in the top. near the inner end of the tunnel. and around this open- ing the ends of the wires project outward and upward. In practice the trap works like thh: the starlings while flying about. notice the grain strewn on the bait boards beneath the wire. and finding the landing platforms convenient. the alight. Walking along the pla orms the starlings find the entrances to the tunnels and enter. Once inside they are exhaust against the wires: after which their destruction is easy. ' e location of the trap ls n considerable factor in its successful operation. A farmer who placed his trap near a mulberry tree — the haunt of the birch-caught several hundred slarllnee in the course of “-~ "fir". Another men who erected the trap near a thomyugh- fare. barely caus t one hundred in the some period. WEED FOB IDENTIFICATION From Mrs. Waldo Bian. of North River. P.E.I., comes a carton with a weed enclosed. It is the Ber- barea. vulgar-ls mentioned previous paragraph. There seems tobealotof ltaboutanditll supposed to have come in the al- sike seed. The seeds of the Bar- barea and those of the alsike are about the same size and are there- fore difficult to separate. ENGLISH TBAITS In these days. when "every map is writing a book." (as the much- quoted Babylonian inscription has it). it is often a hard matter to know what is worth reading. For this reason. at least half of my leisure is devoted to English classi- cal literature: books which have stood the test of time. Such a book I borrowed from the Puhllc Library on my visit to the City ings . American writer was server. who first visited England in 1839, and again in the winter of 1847. He lectured, interviewed cele- brities. and studied the common people; and the result, when put on paper. is most entrancing. Ern- erson touches on the national vices as well as on the virtues but finds the latter prepondiernte. One paragraph may be ducked: it is on religion. "The doctrine of the Old Testament is the religion 01 England. The first leaf of the New Testament it does not open. It be~ lieves in a Providence which does not treat with levity the pound sterling. They are neither trans- cendentallsfs nor Christians. They put up no Socratic prayer. much less any saintly prayer for the queens mind; ask neither for llgfnt nor right, but say bluntly. ‘Brant .her in health and wealth long to live.‘ 9nd one traces this Jewish prayer in all English private his- tory "Aibroed with my wife," writes Pepys plousiy. "the first time that ever I rode in my own coachl which do make my heart rejoice and praise God. and pray Him to bless it to me and continue it." But Emerson concludes that if re- ligion be the doing of all good. and for its sake the suffering of all evil, that divine secret has existed in England since ‘the clays of King Alfred. With this short notice I leave this entertaining book to the atten- tion of my thoughtful readers. SUNSPOT INFLUEYCES I have just received a reprint, from ‘The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, entitled "Sunspot Influences." It is the Annual Address of the Presi- dent of the Society, Dr. Ralph E, DeLur-y. who. as my readers are ly aware, is our greatest Canadian authority on the subject of solar distunbances . The science relating to sunsrpots compara- tively young. but every maximum srpearance brings new data to be studded, and new erlaitlonships to be established. It has long been known for instance. that there was a connection between the Northern Lights and the maculae as s are scientificialh’ termed; and suc- cessively the inventions of the tele- ilraph. the telephone and the radio, showed how the sunspofs inter- fered with these works of man. Dr. DlELuYy suggests a number of other influences in his most interesting address. 0010mm out that several EDidenuc ‘cllseasx occur more severely at or near sunspot maxi- mum. Crops. insects. birds. and animals. all feel the spell of the sun's increased activity. "That this was due to the influence of the planets" (the opinion of the old astrologers) “can be condoned since the period is near that of the planet Jupiter and that of the 1O year interv between the opposition! and conunctlons o0’ that planet with Saturn. both of which may indeed be factors in the causes of sun- spots" This excellent treatise. which contains numerous charts and two full D880 illustrations. may be had from the Dominion Observatory, gent. of Mines and Resources, Ot- wa. i Professional lords 0. F. ARGIIIBALD Chartered Accountant I40 Richmond street Phone 47. P. 0. Box l3. McLeod 6. Bentley w. a. BENTLEY, lL c. ' J. A. BENTLEY. it. c. c. r-. BENTLEY. u. B. Barristers and Atiorney-at-LII MONEY r0 LOAN t i-iaeuulgdn 0i llalnur, MARK It. MacGlllGAN K. C. . c. s1‘. CLAIR Tasmoit. p. a. Barristers. Solicitors, Elc. MONEY I0 LOAN Office: Over Provincial Bank, _Bichmond_Sv.reet._Chsrlotielo\_v_n=.= Palmer 6. Haslam ILLPALMERJLC. , LLB. . . ., BARBISTER. ETC. I Bank of Non Scotia. Chambers telown. l‘. E. l. \ NEY T0 LOAN. “rho-hang; if OMcPHEE. an K. c. NOTARY ac. BARBISTEB. BOLICITOB lllu Building. Clhglpile Culcliffe 8i Andrews FUNERAL DIRECTOR! AND IMBALMEBS Hunter River and Bradalbauo. Dev and N ht Service. Phone It l0- QJILS}. Bell 8. Mafhieson l. u. Bell 0.1. nsoiiesoigttm Barristers and Solicitors norm! T0 was piece. OuanmmwuJ-l-l .. r l. N... ... 4>1"|5-&'av-n~niow'~ri-\-§‘\"