l I l (:13. ' 'i. 'l -PAGE rouith THE GUAIIOIAN Authorised as Second ohu. Mail Post Office Department. Ottawa The Island Guardian Publishing Co. CIRCULATION Total City Zone s............... .......... 3.45!) Retail Trading Zone .-.- - 8.0150 'All other 768 Total Net Paid 12.813 Editor and m.....?a.. Director, J. "ii. Burnett Associate Editor, Frank Walker "The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest Ink." CHARLOTTETOWN. FRIDAY. JULY 14. 1950 Sliiftingisands of French Politics When France found itself without a gov- ernment just as negotiations were getting under way on the Schuman Plan, it was living up to an old tradition. For the only permanent factor in French political life ever since World War I has been the in- stability of the cabinet itself. The danger of this weakness in the po- litical life of France lies not so much in the constant rise and fall of governments, so much as it does in thecynical indifference to democratic principles which cabinet insta- bility breeds. Consider, ior example, what has happened since the fall of Georges Bidault's cabinet on June 24. That same afternoon, Finance Minister Petsche went ahead with a previously scheduled reception in the ornate halls of the ministry which he no longer headed. President Auriol, con- fronted with the task of finding a new lead- er to form a government, found time to take in the Grand Prix de Paris at the Long- champs race course. And a taxi driver shrugged off the observation of a visiting tourist who feared that the lack of a gov- ernment might lead to the fall of the Fourth Republic with the cynical remark, "That's all right. there'll be a fifth.” Cause of this constant change is the ab- sence in France of the two party political system. Governments, in the face of this multiplicity of party allegiances, must be based on coalition, and coalitions are a foundation of sand. Further complication lies in the fact that two large political groups, the Communists and the De Gaul- lists, are outside the possible scope of coal- itiori. This leaves a motley group of middle- of-the-road parties commanding, even when - they are united, only a narrow majority in the French Parliament. It is in just such a setting of political confusion that totalitarianism, -whether of the left or of the right, is bred. m Shrinking llollar It has long been remarked that there is nothing so certain to depreciate in value as money. The Hamilton Spectator quotes fig- ures from American sources which vividly '. illustrate the truth of that observation. In 1900 it took 025,000 capital for a man and wife to retire comfortably, good investments bringing in 551,500 a year. To live as well by 1939 an investment of 363,000 was need- ed, and today the amount required would be S112,000. Another contrast would be between one investor lending 355,000 on good security '- twenty years ago and another buying pro- perty of the same value. The first would now be receiving an income -of not more than 3250 a year, while the second would be very likely to be receiving something like 321,000, and find that his investment is now worth about four times its original value. Individual cases will, of course, vary, from a total loss to undreamed of riches. but the long term trend of rising prices crives a distinct advantage to ownership as compared with the lending of money. What evens the balance, of course, is the greater risk of ownership and the re- sponsibility involved. To a great many i people today it seems better to receive a modest return without effort, than to as- sume the responsibility inseparable from ownership, whether of a house or of an in- army. "on The Road To Mandalayl Canadian taxpayers footed a foreign tra- vel account of 55800032 for globe-trotting bureaucrats between April 1, 1949, and June 1, 1950. This was the sum paid out to 2,584 civil servants and others, and 565 members of the armed services. Keeping up with the Joneses costs a lot of. money in the international circles in which Canadian bureaucrats are wont to move. Consider, for example, a few of the international conferences attended by Cana- dian officials in April and May. An impos- ing group of bureaucratic top brass went to the International Telegraphic Union High Frequency -Broadcasting conference at .1-'loi-ence, Italy. Others attended it meet- ing of the International Cotton Advisory Committee in wgshington. Still others went to the United Nations Educational, Scien- tific and Cultural Organization conference in Florence. Anothcridclegation attended a a study conciavs in Brussels. The -Consultative committee for to Sydney, Australia. Other conferences on topics ranging from Public Hygiene to the ”Development, Design and Inspection of Clothing and General Stores" kept a few score more officials on the hop from Ot- tawa. Nobody objects to Canada being ade- quately represented at international confer- ences where vital Canadian interests are at stake. Trouble is that the charms of globe- trotting tend to take bureaucrats away from their official knitting in Ottawa and turn them into international committee men, which costs a lot of money. EDITORIAL NOTES Destruction of the Bastile, and begin- ning of French government instability, this date 1789. . O The Crapaud plebiscite and the Divorce Jurisdiction Act come before the Supreme Court today. A well known columnist reveals that he buys a pair of shoes only every two years. Presumably he finds it necessary to insist on two pairs of pants with a suit. 0 O O . Dr. T. B. Acker, Halifax, is one of the most welcome visitors to Charlottetown, bringing, as he does, healing on his wings, hope and health to many handicapped little ones who, otherwise, might be compelled to endure life-long maladies not of their own contraction. Ratepayers of the Lorne Valley School district do not intend to rest on their laurels or on the silver trophy for improvements made in three successive years. They have again turned out in strength and redecor- ated the schools interior. 0 An Indian woman doctor is in this coun- try on a U. N. fellowship to study health and welfare. A visit to Prince Edward is- land, testing ground in miniature for Can- ada's health programme, would undoubted- ly prove rewarding, or at any rate enjoy- able. Barbless fish-hooks are being enthusi- astically advocated by sportsmen in North- ern Manitoba. The idea is that under-size trout may be returned to the water with- out fatal injury. It is claimed that they result in the loss of less than one per cent of a catch. Another British taxation tragedy. Lord Portman, 47, has handed over his Dorset estates of about five square miles to the Commissioners of Inland Revenue. In a letter to his tenants, Lord Portman said that high taxes payable on the death of his father in 1948 prevented his carrying on the estates as he wished. , O O O Tycoons being taxed out of England. At Nottingham, John Dane Player, millionaire tobacco magnate who died last April, left more than 12,500,000 (5S7,750,000) gross. Four-fifths of this, 06,200,000, went in in- heritance tax, leaving 51,550,000 to be dis- tributed among the heirs. O O O Niagara Falls is one place where park- ing meters evidently pay. Twenty tons of coins have been dropped into parking meters there since the devices were installed in November, 1947. City trasurer Wilfrid Soulsby said that deposits have" totalled s46,228. .: Mr. Horace Wright, on second thought, has decided to abandon his reference to the Supreme Court as chairman of the Work- men's Compensation Board. There must still be doubt whether the P. E. I. Indus- trial Corporation is, or is not, owned, or managed or controlled by the Provincial Government. Souris has always held an important place on the Island's map; now it has feat- ured what is to become an annual'event in its regatta and swimming contests. Making most of the opportunities one has is the sure way to success, as the man in the table who made the best mouse trap dis- covered. 0 I 0 Prime Minister St. Laurent's assurance that Parliament will be reconvened before any military action beyond sending of Naval craft is considered, was highly proper from s Parliamentary point of view. It should not, however, provide an excuse for delay- ing any preliminary aid which this country is called upon to give to defeat aggression. O O O - . Dr. T. W. M. Cameron of MacDonald College notes that for more than a century there has been a swing towards a warmer world with a recession of glaciers and a spread of the tropics. Before we rejoice too much at the prospect it should be noted that if the world is really entering one of the warmer epochs of its history it would also mean a rise in sea level which would -9- x-.-...:,.-J...-, .. I:”” " i sou-no . ,,'.,,,'i...-,...-.- t 1"!-IE GUARDIAN. CHARLOTTETOWN , overtakes Yiii. SPAKK 0 PU Bl IC FUR UM This column IF open to the discussion by ..m. spontlenta of questions ll interest. The (lunrdian does now necessar- ily endorse the opinion of uurupondanto. A BASIC FARM FACT Sir,-That item in your news- columns, reporting the Ottawa meeting of the Provincial Fer- tilizer Boardi at the Central Ex- perimental Farm interested this reader, intimstlng that -"world consumption of chemical fertiliz- ers has reached the phenomenal peak of 11,350,000 tons annually". and also quoting an FAO fertilizer official (C. J. Calllster) as saying that many millions more ions are required to achieve early increases in the production of food for a hungry vvorld.. - I was particularly attracted to the above story. because it almost meshed with our farm forum dis- cussion on this same theme. It deserves to be recorded. I think. that wherf one of our urban mem- bers reminded us that "there is this to be said about the tractor. that it doesn't need any feed when it's not working": a smart young rural members reminded us that: "The flgures- l. 2.. 11.350.- 000 tons of chemical fertilizer- show that we're not letting away from the basic fact that 'every ad- vantage has its tax' and that the soil. also. has to be properly fed, it it I: to continue working for us and our nutritional needs?" Another contribution to the dis- cussion .ran....someihinx like this; "The shm to mechanical power in North American fields during-the post 20 years has released a total of about 800,000,000 acres of crop- land-i. e.. about 40,000,000 acres annually-for the production of human food and fiber needs. In earlier years. this large area of arable land (plus many additional million acres of pasture) had to be dedicated to the growth of mule and horse feed." And finally, Sir. the followlnlz jingle from B Prairie booklet on soil conservation: "I did right well with my earth's bounty. Held fat notes on half the county. Made big crops and lots of dough. Couldn't bring it with me. though. Grandson now works twice as hard; but gets low yields for his reward. He'd make out better We no doubt. this I put in what I took out." I am. Sir, etc. WAR V'ETERAN. ...m. . .:.. ?oe&'5mwz OTTAWA City about whose brow the north winds blow. Cvirdled with woods and shed with river foam, called by a name as old as Troy or Rome, Be great. as they but pure as thine own show; - Rather flash up amid the auroral K W. The Lamiu city of the northern star. Than be so hard with craft. or wild W lh war, Pcopled remembered for their woe. with , deeds Thou are too bright for gulls, too young for tears. And thou will live to be too strong , for Time; For he may mock thee with his furrowcd frowns. But thou wilt now in calm throughout the years, Cinctured with peace and crowned with power sublime. The maiden queen of all the low- or . -Dllllclll Campbell lcou. WON II A IIAII MARLDON, Devon. lag.-(CP) -Conll Wilson and Pamela Hole iwico were tied whoa votes were counted in a beauty contest hora. Told to out cards for the title. Conic drew the sight of has-is - fioninionwcslth ,.;.IpoiiicastAsisdrcwscrowdofCsnadians males the Island more suitable for fishing than for fanning. and Pamela drew the aim of bouts. , Cromyko's Revealing Statement By W. N. Ever The statement which M. Grom- yko issued on July 4th is. whatever its purpose. a very revealing docu- menu. It is in the form of an in- dictmcnt of the United States and the United Nations. But it is, in fact, an exposure of a Soviet plan, which failed. . It is clear that the Soviet plan- ned ihat. their model was to be Spain, with technical mprovemenfs learned from Hitler. There would be a sudden Hltlerism attack. Then Russia would propose ”non-lnter- vention" in "civil war." The West- ern Powers would readily agree. would match at the opportunity of avoiding a collision. The Security Council would decide that the con- flict was outside its jurisdiction. The U. S. A. had already made up its mind that south Korea would have to be abandoned. south Kor- ea was known to be mil- itarily weak and unprepared. The Northern' Government had already been given all the equipment it would need for the operation, and could easily be given more if it were necessary. so non-intervention and Yak: would achieve in Korea what non- intervention and German plans had achieved in Spain-only far more swiftly. And the Soviet. Un- ion-st. a cost of a few million roub- les and a few thousand Korean lives-would have won a resound- ing victory which would have rep- ercussions throughout Asia. 0 O O " That was this plun."The Grom- yko connunique is in essence an angry explanation”ofT'why"ti: fail- ed. one feels that perhaps it is the Moscow Foreign Office's apologia to Stalin and an attempt to avert his wrath by diverting it against Truman and Ti-ygve Lie. so M. Cvromyko labours to ex- vention and to denounce states- men and governments which no unexpectedly and so incorrectly failed to do what. scviet calculat- ions hsd decide that they should do. of-course. he does not once mention Spain. But what could in fact be more revealing than this omission? In any discussion of civil war and non-intervention, the Spanish case is the classical-and most recent.-example. But an anal- ogy would be too suggestive and too revealing. so M. Gromyko is czrefully silent. And his silence be- trays him. The Soviet. miscalculatlon was. not for the first time, complete. It was based on misinformation and misunderstanding. The west- ern Powers and the United Nat- ions, instead of hesitatins. acted. Instead of awaiting, and then graiefuly accepting, some Soviet proposal for "localising the con- flict" they took the initiative. Tu.-ygve Lie did not waste an hour, but at once called an emergency meeting of the Council. The Coun- cil. instead of adjourning at once, decided that there had been a breach of the peace and called on the invaders to withdraw. Truman regards its resolution as A suf- ficient mandate for ordering Unit- ed States forces to act in support of the Council's demand. The Council promptly endorsed his act- ion and called upon other U. N. members to auist. And its sub in turn has been endorsed by an overwhelming majority of member states. Everything had gone, precisely as Moscow did not intend or expect. And, in such circumstances, the first instinct: of the Soviet mind are to explain the "incoirrecinoss of what has happened, to justify which has failed and to denounce the villalny of those responsible for its failure. pound the doctrine cf non-inter- 19 Old Charlottetown I (And P l'.. l.l l H33 CENSUS "On examination of the census returns given on the lst July, in accordance with the Act of last Session, we find the following re- sults-males, 16,840. females. l5,452 and 57 insane persons, making I grand total of 32.452 souls. By comparing with the census taken in 1827, which is stated 28.286. there appears to be an increase, in the six last years, of 9.083 inhab- itants. or an augmentation to our numbers nol far short of one-half. In Charlotte-Town, there has been an increase of 317, and in the Royalty, 152; Georgetown, which then only existed in name, now contains 59: Princetown, 18. Prince- town Royalty has increased M4. The township containing the greatest, number of inhabitants in Lot. 34. which exhibits 1.270." - Royal Gazette, Aug. 20, 1833. Crying Out Loud (Windsor Star) Watching from the office wlh- dow. we saw a young gentleman of about two summers having him- self a grand time clsmbering about some old tires. He climbed up them. teetei-ed on the edge. climb- ed down. and then.rl.id-.i.t-ell...0.L'L. again a couple of times. ' , But. as always happens. finally he slipped and down he went ker- plunk. He skinned his knee and hurt his dignity. And. as always happens. he started to howl ll though he had been murdered. He howled and he howled for. about a minute. But, no one paid any attention. they just let. him hol-p lyvhen the young gentleman of two summers discovered that all he was doing was crylns Wi mud and getting nowhere, he took a quick peek around to make sure. When he assured himself he was being ignored, he dried his fears and began playing slain- That's the way with so man! tears. They're just to attract ai- ientlon, not to rezisi-91' Silt”- gggggggggggg...u......... too was guilty of "illegality." The hairs are split with patient. ln89n' uity. But all the arguments are directed to the same end. ”. H , The only "correct" and ICSII policy for the United Nations and the Western Powers to have P"!- sued is the policy which the Soviet. Government hoped and expected them to pursue-to have stood aside, to have made in non-ini.er- vention agreement and set UP 3 non-intervention committee, while Russia's protest.-s with Russian aid made themselves masters of all Korea and gained a new province for Stalin's empire. The pmllel with Spain is startling exact. It is not surprising that. Gromyko rc- fraincd so carefully from In! mention of ii. The value of the Gromyko doc- ument is. then. its clear exposure of the plan on which the Soviet Government was working. That. Samuel I'.Io.ll lldhnd, by Wllllln Chlpmlll, 0.1.8.. Ollhllo Ill ' Society". land family that John Freda lck Holland, eldut Ipn of Major am- ucl, was the first child of British parentage born (1764) on Prince Edward Island. This is corrobor- ated by a statement made about fifty years ago by a descendant of a pioneer settler named Clarke. to the etfecf that his own great grandfather and great grandmoth- er Clarke. came in the Island with Major Holland and his wife. and that his grandfather Clark: was born a few weeks after John Fred- erick Holland. There is also extant a fragment of a letter from Major Holland to General Haldlmsnd in which he mentions his two boys. lit.-tle "St. John's Jack" and "boullburg Henry." (Prince Edward Island was then known as Isle St. Jean.) Samuel Holland established his house on the Island at Observa- tion Cove. afterwards known as Holland's Cove. This place is lis- tant four miles south of Charlotte- town at the west entrance to the harbour. He probably lived there during the time he was engaged on the survey of the shores of the Gulf and there two. if not more. of his children were born. His son, Frederick Bi-aham, lived at Tryon River. and there the widow of Major Samuel and Her daughter Charlotte made their home after leaving Quebec. In 1770 his headquarters were at Klttery on the north side of the outlet of the Piscataqua River, which forms the southerly part of the present boundary between Maine and New Hampshire. Be- tween 1771 and 1773 he may have resided at Boston or some other point on the coast of Massachu- setts for a short time. but there is no record of this. In 1773 he wrote from Quebec that he intend- ed to make Perth Amboy. New Jersey. his headquarters. in point distant only twenty-five miles from New York. . When the American Revolution broke out in 1775 his house at Perth Amboy was ransacked by the patriots. and burned. There is no record as to how his wife and family escaped, but they were probably given advance notice by friends and found means of reaching New York. which remain- ed in, the hands of the British throughout the entire period of the war. For the first ten or twelve years of their married life they were apparently living on the seashore of two or three points. From 1776 to 1780 his family may have been at New York. where he was sta- tioned. or more likely at Quebec with his wife's people. In 1784 Major Holland states. in a letter to General Tryon, that he five were sons. Diligent search for some years has resulted in dis- coverlng the names of the follow- ing seven children: (1) John Frederick. born on Isle St. Jean 27th October. 1764. died December 17th, 1845. probably at Charlottetown, (2) Henry-date of birth un- known; drowned at sea when on service in the army. (3) Charlotte-died 1833. (4) Susannah. (5) Frederick Bi-sham. born 1774, died in Quebec September 14. 1836. (6) Samuel Lester. born 1776; killed in ”duel in March. 1795. (7) George Speth. baptized Dec- ember 9th, 1780, date of death un- known. In the return of officers of the First Battalion, King's Own Regi- ment of New York. in 1781, we find John Frederick Holland, son of Surveyor-General Holland. then cerdlted with five yesrs' service. If this record be correct. he enter- ed the service jn 1776 when thir- teen years of age. This is one of several inexplicable records that cannot now be reconciled with facts. It is certain that Captain Samuel Holland did not reside on Isle St. Jean until I764. although he may have visited it in 1758-1750 before the fall of Quebec. It is not probable that he was there again in 1762 when on his way to England. John Frederick studied survey- ing with his father and his name appears frequently in his father's reports. Major Holland states. in in letter to General Tryon. dated Audi!!!- 1784. that he had left his son Jack at Cataraqul as acting En- gineer, and that his second son Henry was with Collins suintlns unmarried. There ll a tradition in the Hol-i Then had ten clilldren,1i'l'tFYl'tii'r Veil JULY 14; 1950 and's Family IYOUAIIIIHAIOOIIGIIOIIIOIIIGTIEQIOCMIJOIBIIHIIOI fins lurvoyor General of British North America. C.E., published in 1024 by the in surveys on the Bay of Quint. John Frederick was appoinm Bar.rackoMaster st. Charlottetown in 1799 and attained the rank oi Colonel. He was superannuatod in 1017. and by one report he return. ed to Quebec where he died ii December 1'1, 1845. This cannot in reconciled with the fact. that his will. was dated at Charlottetown on December 16. 1865. Possibly an error has been made in transcrib- ing one of the dates. Another descendant sing. postlvely that he died at cm. lotteoown and was buried there. Mrs. Grace Pethtck. wife of D; W. H. Pethick, and a granddaugl-j. for of Frederick Braham I-lollan states that John Frederick join the Masonic Order on July ioth 1310, and severed his connectioi with the lodge on August lat 1821. On April 9th, 1833, he was suc ceeded as Acljutant.-Cieneral .; Militia by Major Ambrose Lane, Colonel John Frederick had at; children: Edward. -Robert. Sunuq (III), who -was killed at the Bsttlt of Chrysler's Farm in Dundal County, Ontario, in i813: Emily who married Rev. Marshall; Mu. tilda. who married Cuptsin Du- port, and Henrietta, who marric. Captain Robert Barker of H. M 74th Regiment. Robert. Barker. son of Captain Barker, married Hetti Welsh, 51;. ber of James 8. Welsh, later of Boston. They were married in 1873. The Cathedral records at Que. bec contain this entry: "Bap.- Samuel John Holland, son of John Holland, Esq., and of Mai-lone, hi: wife, September 12, 1790." This was probably Samuel III. If John Frederick died at Que- bec he was probably buried in the family plot with his father and his two brothers, Samuel 1. and Frederick Bi-sham, and beside two other children of Major Holland. Henrietta, relief of Captain Rb- bert. Barker of the 74th Regiment. died July 28th, 1845, aged 48 years. Robert Barker, Jr.. grandson of Colonel John Frederick. died Oc- tober 22nd. 1861, aged 38 years. He was married llth March, 1858. Hit two sons, Edward and Robert died when young and were not married. In the Roman Catholic cemotnrj at st. Andrews. about forty milet from Charlottetown, are two Hoi- lsnd tombstones. one to tho mem- ory of Mary Tlssable. consort of John Frederick Holland, Adjutant- Genersl Militia, died lath July. 1831. The inscription on the other stone is now undccclpherabls. O 0 0 Henry Holland, the second son of Major Samuel, also followed sur- - in hutsvemu; ally joined the anny. In 1170 h- was Ensign in the 70th Foot, but about 1785 exchanged to the 44th Foot. and was promoted from Lieutenant to Captain in 1794. In 1798 or shortly afterwards he wal drowned at sea with his brother officer. Major Walker. By one ac- count this occurred at the Isle of Wright, but. other accounts, which appear equally reliable. state that the ship was wrecked on Anticosi-1. He left two daughters; Sophia who married Sylvester. and l.'lizI.. Charlotte was probably the eldest daughter of Major Holland There is a tradition in the family that she was engaged to I Lieu- tenant Haldlmand. who was drowned in the employ of her fo- ther. It could not have been Baldi- mand, as his accidental death oc- curred on l5th December. I'M. be- fore she was born. It is possible. however. that there was I younltf I-laldimand who met. the same fate. or it. is more probable that it was another lieutenant or assistant. After her father's death she lived .wit.h her widowed mother and died, unmarried, at Tryon River in 1833. Another daughter Susanna. mar- ried Thomns Ward after her is- i.her's death in 1801, but bcforl 1803. Three of Major Holland's child- ars not mentioned in his will on by any of his dcscendanh of to- day. In March. 1773. M lilwd 1'" then had two sons and four douch- ters (another child expected) Ind in l'184 that he then hadten child- ren. It is possible that three died between 1784 and 1800. (To be concluded) plan has collapsed. Now now ,' must. be made for the new circum- stances. But: of what they are or wiil be Gromyko gives no hint at all. It was hardly to be expected that. he would. PROFESSIONAL CARD; T.? D . A. L. W M. .i.r. immmnssn ' um: I AT 1si'"oueen sue-z '"?.!”a..'..;"Pii” Phone Ill J. A. McGulgan Nonnv, aw. DAIIBIBTBII. suuorrol otmam ammmo M. Alban Fdnncr uomiy to bond um The denunciations axis of less importance than the ” t t justification: for it is the lattcr whichabotrays the soviet piano. The ammpt. to prove that it in the South Korean Government which began the fighting is a crude attempt to evade the central fact of a can-chilly organised, care- fully timed invuion. The current Soviet theory requires that. . oven in civil war. the Communists can- not. have been the aggrcuon. Then comes a lsbourod effort to prove that this is. in fact. a civil war in which it in the duty of all outside powers not lo.int.crv.ons, since It in I civil war, says the Soviet. the accutitv council would it." ':::.'.”. """'":..."'". "'3: 0 tsp:-sun n no to the council Lia's nunmms muting uis council could not at Imllos It Ill. lillllv. lines Tru- man-sctcd on the first "iilcul? '1 resolution. liutaad tbs second "illual of lungfor ...'.a........ OOHPIEIE VISUAL BEl"BA(ll'I()N Intl ANALYSIS o. F. Hum-issou a. son ' Optometrists- 58 Grafton If. A. Wollllon Gould. as passions.” common In Charlottetown. I. I 1. Electrical mum arm ssiuumo mu: 1 IAIIAI. LL.B. Dr. W. l. Carson unisrn. common In. chiropractor rump Onlldlng Palmer drums in onion '-can . can Ifollv Io laaa Oollccdoaslli Prince ll. Phoac It'll Ohulouolowu II. B. DOANE I O0. KIWI! comma Accountants "MM nu onnwn-s-town K-0-II hadnlph w. Mlnllng. 0. A. "0" WI!" Ivonlcb a. loan, a a. ""9 OPIII Thompson, iota.