~ .,,,,.;._.! ,.- ; . --. - ._.. . .., , _...V p ,. ., .», \ ., p I. _l _ .- . ' -:,q. -_'__ ,g V .. f ` -.--. PAGE 'mass sl.--__ 1, il./\l{iF‘A_I\', N. S.. March 9-(Quota, iioiis turni \\\\\\'\\ ` \\,\5._\\ Dress up Your Circular Letters-- ‘ You would noi think of sending ti sliabbily dress- ed, tiii-t,y-fucetl boy to your value-.1 customers to act as tyiour dignified representa- \‘1‘. lt is even more unbusl- ness like to address an' or- v|liiui'y printed circular lr-ltcr hearing ii message to your riistomers. be- cfiii.-ic it is ii reilectic/n on their better judgment. rlvery lcttdi' you send out should be either type- rvriiten or printed by the Multlgraph Process. (and .von .-nii't _tell one from tlif- nthcr.) ' A letter produced b! the Multlgraph Printing Service iii identical io i_vpcwt-fling in every r6- Nlirwt.. lt. is printed from ' lnnveulilti type, pfllltétl through ii. ribbon making the appearance mid effect or thi- finished product tlin sumo. 'l‘licre is nothing more effective than ii direct ‘ lH~r>u»iitil letter to your . tuisloiiicrt-\. This letter 1-.iiii lic -prcrliiccd the Mul- llsraph way nt. ii very iinniinni cost, You CHU lmvo- ii liundred printed* ll' ivu thousand. BH YO" wi-di. The lust. copy will » ln- us legible its til(-, ilfll- l`iiu bo printed in m0!! any size or color. Let, us tell ymi more a- hotit ll. ~ 'Guardian Pub. Co. Charlottetown REPORT OF FlrlEHEE‘RlEB COMMIT- The Fisheries Section of the Prince Eidwurd -Island Development Commis- shmz bla much pleasure in reporting ml the fisheries of the province are- " “ hslltlw and satisfactory condi- .i.‘I3a...T§? €'°°é`.i .‘é’.i.'i. “T2 §°?i.‘ "'°' ators and' fishermen. 8 0 opml' Lobete Fl is The lobster fishery: :illicit is the 3113' branch of our fishing industry ‘if 15 fully d€fY0l0ped, shows ii, favor- the calmed Droduct enabled the can- '“°"5 4° D9-Y H hligher price for the 'aw m°»¢°l'l'“l. wbiich. Coupled in most ggelgifséigufhe “ming capacity of While it is impossible to determine at thi: date what the market condi- ons or canned lobsters will be when '-llfllillif. The uncertainty surroundln Close Seaton Cahners and e ate h their best endeaégrsr salimhdt :|122 enforce the close season. The atten- tion of the fishermen should be div- erted from the nefarious practice of l|l68al fishing and canning, which 'ls degrading in /fits edects on the morals of those who engage in lt. They should be encouraged to direct their energies to the fishing of cod and other sroundfish. after the close of the lobster fishing season, -which would furnish themi honorable em. Dl0Y'l¥1ent. appreciably -increase their earning capacity, und' lfiridirectly mat- erially assist in the protect-ion and perpetuation of the lobster industry. Cod and Ground Fish M in _ I plratus and place on each ship a com. ` -’ , - . ' - ' potent scie/ntilic person to carry on ~ , ' ' . ` ` the research' the work bel carried our pobenbisl fishing resources we I should have more technical and prac- ticail. knowledge than we possess at the present time. The number of | spots, their color and the color of the scales' on. the Brook Trout of On- tario as compared wit-h the same fea- tures in the Sea Trout of the Atlan- _tlc; the number of bones in the dor- sal iln of the Mackerel Sheriff the antics of the lobster lin csptiivlty, and other' kint`.'rt-.1 t-bin s fre orted in the I .. .. transact-ions of -the Canadian Biolog- i¢Bl Station. while no doubt very in- teresting and useful from a strictly frzle illlcfelie over the previous yea.i~.l scientific viiewpoint, do not convey the e ncrewse- fn the market prices for useful practical knowledge es'sential. fto the development of our fishery re- sources. l The scientific 'type of rnind has its “°l‘l°“3 Wlill 'l-Bfle catches, material- limitations and scientific research to be of use for industrial purposes must |be supplemented by instruction given by experts who by uotual experience -have tested the applicability of its findings to particular' local conditions me 5e“5°ll°°Dens iirn 1917. there are' What we retiuire to know is the feniln f€l¢'\ll‘€a in connection with, kinds of edible fish that inhabit our he ndustry that are somewhat dis- coast waters; the mtlgrstory courses of these fish' the laces where the E- . ' D ' Y gbe French embargo; the ¢1im¢ui¢|¢5_ centre in the :largest quantities; the .n transportation; uncertainty as tg' limes when they are lu the best con- the attitude of the British Govern-‘dltion for food, and improved meth ment~din relation to the irnpoi-tiitiiop ods of catching, curing and properly °f Bxllenslve food products; and,lprc-parlng the ilsh for marrtet. We above all. the high prices of sii mat. al-so require to know how to properly erials that enter 'into the cunning of utilize the ,by-products. of fish now l°l-lBl¢l'9 (many of which show an ad- almost iiniver'r-ally wasted. We have vance of from 35 to 75 per cent, over reached a period when this gr-eat ec- lwst years prices) are factors that onomic waste should cease and inust should receive' the careful considers- cease it' we are to compete success- tion of campers before determining iiilly with communities and nations their l>0|iCy for the ensuimg year, that apply scientific methods to in- dustry and coirirnerce. Let us t-ako for example cod' oil mentation of the' liver “rotted out’ rancid and of inferior quality and its duced. This is' an economic waste to which o remedy' should be speedily appilied. The Government of Nor- way long ago -instructed their flshimg population in the princess of extract- ing cod' oil by artificial methods, and more recently, tha Government of Newfoundland has followed along the same lines. Both cases have rrsiilted in a large economic saving. Unused Edible Fish _ That edible dsli of the finest riunl- lt is pleasing io note that there has been a substantial increase in the 0\ltlPut of cod. bake and othergroiind fish during the past year. which has brought good results to fishermen and exporters. The outfit for catch- ing and curing ground' ilsh is much less than the outfit for catching and canning of lobsters. and as the mar- ket for. these products are cliiefiy in Canada and the United States,_this industry is not o seriously affected by the high prices of materials, trans- portation and other contiirngcricles aris- ing from the European war. One of -the great difficulties experi- enced in this province in thc- prose- eution of the cod fishery, is the in- ability to procure fresh bait during the summer and' fall months, This was particularly noticeable during the past year. To in-iiu=re complete suc- cess in the development of our shore fisheries ft is absolutely necessary to furnish fishermen with n continuous supply of fresh bait. This can be done only by providing cold storage plants at different tishliing centres. so that ln the early spring when herring are always plentiful and can be obtained cheaply. they may be stored up for use when fresh bait is not otherwise obtainable. The Federal Government some years ago. assisted companies composed of flsb'ei'men chiefly, to build and operate cold' storage plants. Several of these plants were erected ln Prince Edward Island. it was a move in the right direction. but in most cases it failed. and the plants have been sbaudonsd. and in some cases sold for a. very small sum and converted' to other' uses. ,This was due. in part. -to the scheme being in advance of the necessities, and fin part to inedtperience and disagree- ments among the owners. The Fisheries Section of the De- velopment Commission st/rongly' sd- vocstes that the Government be ask- ed to assist private enterprise in the construction and operatiion of small cold storage plants at the chief fish- ing centres. feeling confident that at the present time these- instiitutions. under properl' management. would bo of inestimable benefit in the develop- mitnt of our fisheries. This matter will sgain~be referred to in another connection. Frozen Smelts A cousid'erable» industry is carried on ear-li winter iii frozen smells. Last- yerii' shipments in excess of 5077 tons were made' and indefinite expansion seems possible. To obtain the best results iii this. as in ull departments of the fresh ilsli trade. resu.s.'~ mur- kels must be established so dist tht# supply may be effectively distribut- ed. This mutter should be consider- ed in connection W-itll ¢‘0lfl Bf0l‘ll89 and transportation. 811'? Boat Harbors Too much cannot be said in favor of the establishing by the Federal Governmpnt of boat harbors. at suit- ments already undertaken in this dir- ection have been so entirely satiisfact- ory as to encourage further develop- ment. The boat harbors at Mllililw gash, Tlgnlsli Run. GrahalD'B P0l\d< and Naufrale, have fully demonstrat- ed their usefulness. The erection Of. these harbors has made lt possible for important fishing odtlustrles to, spring up, which without them would have .been impossible. and the naar. futurs will see more important devel- opmppts. The harbors now in exist-. ance, whore necessary. lhould be ou- lerged' and improved to inset the rsp-- idly growing necessities. and others constructed at points on the cout where suitable and desirable locations sm found. sources ity frequent our bays and estuaries, of which li-tile is. kllowii, we have ‘arn- ple evidence. Some year.-i ago, utthe beginning of wintes a strong north- east gale filled Kildaro River with lolly ice which was driven in to ii considerable depth. This lolly soon became solidly frozen. Later' -it was d-isg:Qverc'.i that a. large quantlity of striped bass' were lmtbedded in the lice. Several tons oi' these flsli were ,secured by the inhabitants -and ship- ped to the llnited States, where- re- munerative prices were obtained. Their presence there was considered exceptionnlbbiit it is very probable that striped bass frequent this river at the beginning of winter every year. lt was coincident that the ice at that piirticulni' time entrapped them. This theory is supported by the fact that for several years past striped bass have been caught-, soon ai-ter the ico foirns. at St. Potei"s Bay. This wiii- iei' we have. seen fine speclineiis of this delicious' fish obtained from this source, sold in the local niarltets. it is highly probable- that a careful in- vestigation would -reveal the fact that bass llrhablit, in cominerciwl _vnlues. all the bays on the north shore ofthe Island. If this nssurnptton fs correct a profitable source of employment would be opened to our fishermen nt a season of the year when there is little other employment. lt is very probable there are other edible fish inhabiting our waters that are not itiiown to us. . ` There are also some varieties that are well known. but- not utilized. Take for example the fioundei'. This ls an edible fish of excellent quality which finds :i rcady sale in the large markets of Canada and the United States. That they are not eaten hc-rc is' due to the fact that oui' people are not familiar with their' food value. lf some of' oui' enterprising local ilsh dealers would offer these fish for sale. and furnish customers with instruc- tions bow to prepare, and. recipes how to cook anti serve fioundcrs, they woulri very soon develop ii new Line of profitable business. Fre-sb fiounde-rs, when properl y cooked, aio very near- ly equal -lu flavor to the English sole. which they resemble in many ways. They are superior in every way to the frozen cod and haddock that find aready sale during the winter rnoiiths in our local markets. We have been informed by intellig- ent fishermen who have been engag- ed in fishing in other lands, that in the vicinity oi’ East Point the genuine English sole exists in -large quanti- ties'. and that they' are frequently tak- en in lobster tinps in the early spring. We have had no opportunty to verify this statement but knowing that sole are taken lu considerable quantities in beam irawls on the Atlantic coast We sec no reason to doubt the state- ment. ' Scallop. one of t-be most-delicious of tlie American molluscs, certainly exists in qu-r coast waters, We have seen our fishermen nt Mi-minegasb bring in priilis furll of them which which were caught oz; tiie nooks of their cod trawis. These beds should' be located and their extent defined. able places on the coast. The expert- lf they Grist ~ ` in -com- mercial qunntitles they would form a valuable asset to our provincial fish- eries. We would suggest that tho Marine and Plsbelles Departineiit be asked to request Captain Kemp, the Canadian Oyster expert, to make n thorough iiivesfigatlon of the scallop -beds in the const waters of the island. The new steamer that the Department has recently .provided for use in lm- proving our oyster beds and further- ing oyster cuiture; if provided' with a proper scallop dredge, is .admirably suited to' carry on this. investigation. -We would also suggest that in this investigation an expert in scsllophsh- ery bo associated' with Capt. Kemp. s cured st Belfast in Casco Bay. Me. lg-om this, port o large, scallop fishery | .b ‘heenoaricd nforrna . . DlV0l°P"\"" °' ml' nm" 'l M* “Tire Federal gollrernment ntlliulrrdltl ,fp gs successfully develop very time sspense do much towards A 'v -If YB ' ' _ __ -ll--t '... -l~~ .¢..f la. ,.. L. “ms .- Y Y/ v Y ' T' `“` - _ , .- y ` _ . ` ' ' - - ` ` = obtiilnlnz a information we re- '-" quiire by ut.-il ning tho Fishery Protec -Protest ro... ; ;PlliNiiE Eliiiiii-Rli ISI.-Alllit .... ...l.'. ....5 Skin ` A ' A ' ple matter to equip the vessels of the cruiser fleet with the necessary ap . » BS on while the vessels are engaged in the fishery protection. ` The, Fishery Protectioii'Se1"vics of Canada involves s large annual ex- psndlture. To illustrate this let us examine rs few items only, taken from the}Fishery Blue Book of 1015: Maintaining 4 cruisers..$144,055.00 Maintaining pat.-rol service 1ll2.949.li0 Outsdde- administrative force P.E. Island only . .. . . . . .9.808.00 That we are not getting Dractlonl results. from this. such as we-could reasonably expect, will scarcely be de- ll 611'. _ _ Oyster Fishery This industry its not developing as satisfactorily as ws anticipated w-hen' the Provincial Govcrnmt-nt took over' the riparian rights in the inland wat- ers' from the Federal Government and granted areas of barren bottom for the cuiltilvstlon of oysters. For this there are several reasonsz- (a) Our climatic conditions do not admit of rapid development. The work of preparing the beds cannot be six months of the year, and when broken- weather is deducted the actu- al time that these operations may be Angelis, Calif.. where lie had gone carrledf ou, at. most, for more than ceed four months. tb) The outbreak of ‘tile war re- tarded ltnvestnients' iii enterprises of this nature. and the plans under whichfthe areas were granted- did' not stalling thecaulpment necessary to development. I-` ' The rental of ' _ $1.00 per acre, per year for the first ` five ye'.irs. $3.00 per acre. per year, for the next , - ‘ tive years. $5.00 per acre, per year, for the bal- _ - ance of the term was also an objectionable feature. and Va twenty' year lease, with no privil- ege of renewal lacken mat perman- ence of tenure so essential to the in- -vestment of capiital. Even if a maximum of 2500 acres had been granted. which we consider the minimum, necessary to warrant organization for development, the tax was more than the industry could bear in its inception. This we shall endeavor to illustrate- by the follow- ing example based on thc- assumption that 500 acres were developed escb year, and that four years' would el apiie before returns fi'om the first 500 acres would come in: lst year's rental. $2500.00. No returns 2nd year‘s rental, $2500.00. No returns 3rd year’s rental, $2500.00. No returns 4t.h year’s rental. $2500.00. Returns fi'om 500 acres this' year. Total rental foui' years ...$10,000.00 Assuming that in eight years the whole 2500 acres would be producing, the total rentals for that time would have' amounted to $35,000.00. Add to this the rental for the balance ol the term, _12 years. and you have a total rental of $175,000 for a period of twenty years; an average of $8.- 750 per annum. At the end of the term (there beting no priivilege of re- newal) the rental might easily be forc- attract capital. The maiglinum, ot' five (5) acres to each individual or con- cern was not sufficient to warrant in- ' - » y sibiy might sustain a loss. ` We submit that the oyster' fishery ed up by competition so that the or- iginal iinvestors would receive no re- muneration for their outlu and pos- per under these conditions. We are of the opinion that it would be in the iri,te~=~"-- c' the 'nf'-I'-i.r;v that '- the areas bt- gi-niiie.: ln ree simple nntlpi' restrictions that they be developed within a reasonable time. and the re- venue aliened on the product after the beds are productive. The State of Connecticut, which has mods the greatest progress in ovster culture of any State in the Union, sells. its barren bottom outright at $1.00 peiyacre. (ci It ,-‘ls well to bear in mind that in the present dey no--business can be operated successfully on a small scale if it -is to compete against large sg- gregat-lons of capital managed by men of experience. The saving effected on overhead' charges, bundling and fre-ight rates when products are pro- duced and handled iii large volumes' cannot be overcome by any economy the small producer can exercise. tdl ll must also be borne in mind that the American oysters are pro- duced -iin large quantity by wealthy concerns of long standing and experi- ence, with sstablished markets. They are iherefore. strong competitive fsc- tors that the (lunadiali producer mu.-it reckon with. The duty of 25 per cent. in favor ot' the Canadian oyster' is'. oi course, an assistance, but it does not represent the difference lin the res- pective cost of production in Canada unless that production -is correspond- ingly increased. Reteriiien of Government Beds for Educational Purposes ., The Federal Government could, if lt were so disposed. be of great assist- ance to us in developing our oyster fishery, without expending olie addi- tional dollar. Some years ago the Dpmiinlou Government secured the services of an oyster' expert. That this -gentleinanf-.is thoroughly compo tent-to till the' pos_ltioii_ we firmly be- . . ,_» _-» (_ _Y p »-ew-'..v-f -. vlices have .not been.. ,fully utilized. Under the anne;-vision of! this expert large oysterbe s were meds at coll.- slderahle expxenoe, in different -places. and large quantities of oysters pllnt- ec' the.-eon. ln other words ngnlor oyster farms were created. We sup- posed st the time the Government in- tended to utilize this system as an-sf; fectusl means of educating the peo- ple iu oyster cultirvstioil. We sup- posed that they were to demonstrate 110W 0Ysters_mlght be _pmgltabiy cultivated. and we werssurpliisod to learn that after the beds' becsiilb productive they were lbrowz open to the public. who. in s few sys. en- tirely' depleted the beds that hndtalr- en four years to bring up to a state of productiveness. - ' if these- oyster farms are to' be ol! any use to the people- of Canada it is for educational purposeg. The Gov- ernment in that case s ould market the oysters-and take the returns, thus demonstrating the prncticabiljty oyster' cultivation from a financial s well as ii. biological standpoint. Cold Storage and Transportation i ln view of thc- improved transport- atioii t'aci!.it.ies that will follow rho .Lnaugurntlon of the car ferry, the fishing interests should consider the best means to employ to take full ad- vantage oi' this service. ln ord'er'to make the fresh fish business' perman- ent and profitable, shippers must be in n position to supply' the dealers iii the large centres with a continuous ,sn ,and we would su est that ti t ry _ ss large cold storage- plant be.ei'eci,ed iii of Pnince Edward island cannot pros-_ This is extracted by our _-_szierrnen at the present time. by the natural fer- comniercinl vnliie is materially re- A suitable penion’could no doubt he Lieve. We also believe that liis ser- si ; .' " Federal Government in its efforts to The old produced by this process -is 3'§§§@§H§H§§ S iff; '.~ -1 i fi t It i 1'; i 1'; 11'; fi: 4. i P, i . li Q. if; iff; £5 i lfi (fi ‘ l'i 1-* ‘Ti lj, ‘F1 tf‘» \. :U tit- tifé iii i .') i."i til i`,:'\ iI"i .;.-.~.- i li 41'; ‘.3-' Qi ‘li lf'i if'. _; ’: , _.<`|` if`i » l-li tcoKt'iKiiEfi'5ii' mge;ss`€`cn.'>` W@®@@@'{§i§i$@f!il@f§{€il§i{iii@l§i§iEi@@@i3Ei§ WAR LOAN I)OMINION OF CANADA’ . . 5 W si .>- .qf ll. supply. To accomplish this cold stor- age facilities are absolutely neces- s. central sltualdou, 'convenient 'for the whole province, and that at the chief fishing centres that are 'rest:betif“ by the railway small cold storugel plants be erected. These- would fill two purposes, namely: Storing freslil ur. J., ssiie of $150,000,000 5% Bonds _Maturing lst March, 1937 I’ Payable at par at Ottawa, Halifax, St John, Charlottetown, Montreal, Toronto, Winnipeg, Regina, Calgary, Victoria, and at the Agency of _ the Bank of Montreal, New York City. ' INTEREST PAYABLE HALF-YEARLY, lst MARCH, lst SEPTEMBER. PRBNCIPAI. AND INTEREST PAYABLE IN GOLD. .- ISSUE PRICE 96. . A FULL-l_1ALE,-YEAl}’S ,lNTE_i!;E§T. Vi_l,lLl. BE PAID ON lsr SEPTEMBER, 19l7._ Tru: Pkoci-:sos or 'ms LOAN wru. as Ussp Fon was PURPOSES oN|.v. Tim Mrxrsrsn or FINANCE offers herewith, on behalf of the Government, the above-uainecl Bonds for Subscrip- tion at 96, payable as follows:-~ y ' 10 per cent. on application; ao" “ istii April, 1917; 30 “ 15th l\fa_\', l_9l7; 26 “ i5ili June, 1917. The total allotment. of bonds of iliis issue will be liiiiitl-tl to one hundred and fifty million dollars, exclusive of- the amoullt. (if any) paid for by the surrender' oi' bonds as the eqiiivalent. of cash under the terms of the Wai' Loan prospectus of 22nd November, 1915. The instalments may be paid in full on the 16th day of April, 1917, or on any-instalment. due date theresft er, under discount at' tlienrnle of four' per cent pei' annum. All pa-yinenis. are to be made to a. chartered liaiik for the credit of `tlie Miriistei' of Financc. Failure to pu_v_an_\' iiistalmclit. when due will renticl' previoiis payxnenls liable to forfeiture and the allotment to ciiriceilatioii. Suliscliptions,'accompanied by al deposit. of ten per cent. of the amotpit subscriiiecl, must. be i`orwarde_d tiirougli the medium of af cbarterefl bank. .»‘.ii_v hrancii in (`anada of any t-i1ai'tereti'l>ank wiii.i'e¢-sive subscriplioiis and issue }irovisiciial i'eceip1's. , ,_ . This loan is authorizeti under Act. of. the -Parliament. of Canada, and ,both prineiral and interest. will be s charge upon t-lie`Consoiidate ]{evenue'_lt`rinfl. _' ‘ Forms of application may be obtained from any branch in (laiinda of any cbhftered bank and ai. the office nf any Assistant llecei/vel' (irn`ei'al iii (‘aiiatla. Subsci'ipi.ions lriusi. be for eveir liiiiidieds of dollars. , lu case of 'partial allotments ilie surplus deposit will be applied towards payment. of the amount. due on the Aprii instalment. Scrlp certlflcaf-0_5, non-negotiable or paylilile to l_>ciirei' in accordance with the choice oi' the iippiiciiiii. for registered or bearer lionds, will bc issued. after allotment, in exchange for the provisional rcceipts. \\'lie1i the scrip certificates have liccii paid in full and payment endorsed thereon by the bunk receiving the rnoney, they may be cxcliuiiged for bonds, wiicu propiircd, with coupons uttschctl, payable io bert;-4-.r or i'egistei°etl asto principal, or for fully i'ep;i=.i`er'e