, impress upon you the duty ofcarefully attend- 
     
    
   
   
    
     282 
     
    
   
   
    
     arisen from the collection of tithes appear 
     
     to require a change of system, which, with- 
     
     out diminishing the, means of maintaining 
     
     the established clergy in respectability and 
     
     usefulness, may prevent the collisons of inte- 
     
     rests and the consequent disagreements and 
     
     dissatisfaction which have too frequently pre- 4 
     
     vailed between the ministers of the Church 
     
     and their parishoners. 
     
    

    
     It may also be necessary for you to consider 
     
     what remedies may be applied for the correc- 
     
     tion ofacknowledged abuses, and whether the 
     
     revenues of the church may not admit _of a 
     
     more equitable and judicious distribution. 
     
    

    
     “ In your deliberations on these important 
     
     subjects, it cannot be necessary for me to 
     
    
   
   
    
     ing to the security of the Church established 
     
     by law in these realms, and to the true inte- 
     
     rests of religion. ‘ 
     
    

    
     “ In relation to Ireland, with a view of re- 
     
     moving the causes of complaint which had 
     
     been so generally felt, and which have been 
     
     attended with such unfortunate consequences, 
     
     an act was passed during the last, Session of 
     
     Parliament, for carrying into effect a general 
     
     composition for tithes; to complete that salatu. 
     
     ry work, Irecommend to you,in conjunction 
     
     with other amendments of the law as may be 
     
     found applicable to that part of my dominions, 
     
     the adoption ofa measure by which, upon the 
     
     principle of a just commutation, the possessors 
     
     ofland may be enabled to free themselves from 
     
     the burden of an annual payment. 
     
    

    
     “ In the‘ further Reforms that may be neces~ 
     
     sary you will probably find, that, although the 
     
     Established Church of Ireland is by law perma- 
     
     nently united with that of England. the pecu- 
     
     liarities of their respective circumstances will 
     
     require a separate consideration. 
     
    

    
     “ There are other subjects hardly less im. 
     
     portant to the general peace and welfare of 
     
     Ireland, as affecting the administration of 
     
     justice in the local taxation ot that country, 
     
     to which your attention will he also required 
     
    

    
     “ Gentlemen of the House of Commons. 
     
    

    
     “1 have directed the estimates for the ser. 
     
     vice of the year to be laid before you: they 
     
     will be framed with the most anxious attention 
     
     to all useful economy. Notwithstanding the 
     
     large reduction in the estimates of the last 
     
     year, Iam happy to inform you that all the 
     
     extraordinary services which the exigencies 
     
     of the times required have been amply pro- 
     
     vided for. The state of the revenue, as com- 
     
     pared with the public expenditure, has hitherto 
     
     fully realized the expectations that were formed 
     
     at the close of the last session. 
     
    

    
     “ .My Lords and Gentlemen, 
     
    

    
     “In this part of the United Kingdom, with 
     
     very few exceptions, the public peace has been 
     
     preserved; audit will be your anxious but 
     
    

    
     grateful duty to promote, by all practicable 
     
     means, habi_ts of industry and good order 
     
     amongst the labouring classes of the commu- 
     
     nity. s ’ 
     
    
   
   
    
     larity of her parent’s method of stepping, 
     
     and asked whether she could be expected 
     
     to walk differently from the rest of the 
     
     family? The moral ofthis is, that we must 
     
     not be too critical upon the first step of the 
     
     new Commons. 
     
     one-sided, sinister movement, but it is the 
     
    
   
   
    
     THE BRITISH AMERICAN. 
     
    
   
   
    
     to the utmost of my power, in obviating allj'ust 
     
     causes ofcomplaint, and in promoting all well- 
     
     considered measures of improvment. But it is 
     
     my painful duty. to observe, that the disturban- 
     
     ces .in Ireland, to which I adverted at the 
     
     close of the last session havegreatly increased. 
     
     A spirit of insubordination and violence has 
     
     risen to the most fearful height, rendering- 
     
     life and propertyinsecure‘ defying the autho 
     
     rity of the law and threatening the most fatal 
     
     consequences, if not promptly and effectually 
     
     repressed. 
     
    

    
     “I feel confident that to your loyalty and pa- 
     
     triotism] shall not resort in vain for assis- 
     
     tance in these afflicting circumstances, and 
     
     that you will be ready to adopt such mea- 
     
     sures of salutary precaution, and to entrust 
     
     me with such additional powers as may be 
     
     found necessary for controuling and punish- 
     
     ing the disturbers of the public peace, and for 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
        
     
          
     
         
     
       
     
       
     
       
     
         
     
         
     
       
     
       
     
       
     
        
     
       
     
    
   
   
    
     120 36 
     
    
   
   
    
     family gait, the crooked m 
     
     from which this Parliament is legitimately, 
     
     descended. After all, the crab is its mo. 
     
     ther’s child—a chip of the old block, In 
     
     looking at the Reformation we must mmr 
     
     lose sight of its sourse. The new COnsti- 
     
     tutionis the offspring ofthe defunct,the pro, 
     
     duct of corruption, and must we not expect 
     
     to find in it some of the taint of the blood? 
     
     We say this in mitigation of the My 
     
     feeling with which its first backward step 
     
     is surveyed. \Vhen any proceedings 
     
     this sort are observed, let the reflection be 
     
     to whom the body owes its being, of what 
     
     stock it descends, and what propensitie, 
     
     belong to the parentage. The late Par- 
     
     liament confessed its own rottenness, and 
     
     judged itself fit, in this state, to work out 
     
     its own complete purification. With the 
     
     tenderness ofa patient for his own flesh 
     
    
   
   
    
     O 
     
     "B 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     preserving and strengthening the legislative 
     
     Union between the two Countries, which, with 
     
     your support, and under the blessing ofDivine 
     
     Providence, lam determined to maintain by 
     
     all the measures in my power, as indissolubly 
     
     connected with the peace, security and wel- 
     
     fare of my people.” 
     
    
   
   
    
     His Majestv having quitted the house in 
     
     the same state with which he entered, the 
     
     commons withdrew, and their lordships ad- 
     
     journed during pleasure. 
     
    

    
     In the Lords, the Address was moved by the 
     
     Marquis ofconyngham, and seconded by Lord 
     
     Kinnaird. In the Commons, by the Earl ofOr- 
     
     melie, seconded by Mr. John Marshall, the 
     
     representative of Leeds. Some debate arose 
     
     in both Houses—in the Upper, the Earl of 
     
     Aberdeen and the Duke of Wellington, attack- 
     
     ed the foreign policy, which was ably defended 
     
     by the Premier. In the Commons, O,Connell, 
     
     Cobbett, and the repealers, assailed that part 
     
     ofthe Speech which referred to Ireland with 
     
     unusual animation and bitterness—the first of 
     
     these characterized the Speech as ‘bloody,’ 
     
     and declared that it would occasion a universal 
     
     wail throughout Ireland. The division in the 
     
     Commons was 
     
     For Mr. O‘Connell’s Amendment 
     
     Against it 
     
    
   
   
    
     40 
     
     428 
     
    
   
   
    
     Majority for Ministers 383 
     
    
   
   
    
     “THE FIRST sense or rm: REFORM asa- 
     
     LIAMENT. 
     
    
   
   
    
     “Fontaine tells us of a motherly crab 
     
     who exclaimed against the obliquity of 
     
     her daughter’s gait, and asked whether 
     
     she could not walk straight. The young 
     
     crab very reaSOnably pleaded the simi- 
     
    
   
   
    
     Undeniably it is a very 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     “ On my part 1 shall be ready to co-operate, 
     
    
   
   
    
     it excised the cancer, and it did not cut 
     
     deep enough. But yet we have improve. 
     
     ment. The old House was not fit, was 
     
     too extensively tainted for a complete 
     
     self-reformation, but it has produced a 
     
     body having less vice. and more energy 
     
     to eradicate it. Thus we may proceed by 
     
     degrees, casting slough after slough, fining 
     
     upon fining, till we arrived ata tolerablypure 
     
     representation, and the strainer ofthe Bal-. 
     
     lot—that most perfect filterer—will may- 
     
     vellously accelerate the process. But the 
     
     beginning is bad. ‘New broorns’ says the 
     
     proverb, “ sweeps clean;’ but this is not 
     
     a new broom, and has madea stroke of 
     
     very dirty work. It is seen in its first act 
     
     to be a passive tool of all work in the 
     
     hands of Ministers. The first proceeding 
     
     of'a House boasting the repesentation of 
     
     people, jars against the feelings of the 
     
     people. The first scene is one of trickery 
     
     and falshovid. The Reformed Parliament 
     
     puts up for its head-piece the 
     
     mortuum of Toryism. This is a sorry 
     
     sight! The genius of abuse must feel at 
     
     home again seeing Mr, Manners Sutton 
     
     in the chair. The corrupt parliament 
     
     gave him a pension, the Reformed Parlia- 
     
     ment gave him employment. Lord Grey 
     
     did not think him entitled to a Peerage, 
     
     and his colleagues pronounced him best 
     
     qualified for the chair of the Commons. 
     
     They would not send him up to the Lords, 
     
     but as he finds his way into the Commons, 
     
     his pro-eminent merits are said to entitle 
     
     him to preside in it. "‘ "' 'k 
     
     It is butjustice to Mr. O’Connell to say 
     
     that he was the only man, having expe- 
     
     rience of the Speaker’s deserts, who boldly 
     
     spoke the truth on the subject. The whole 
     
     affair has been a tissue of tracasserw. Ml 
     
     msters, with all their host, could not have 
     
     reasonably dreaded the defeat of any re_S 
     
     pectable man, such as Mr. Abercrombie 
     
     or Mr. Littleton;nor could they honestI 
     
     have deemed their nomination in this mat 
     
     ter essential. They should have left lb 
     
     House free to choose a Speaker, and; 3‘