HASZARD’S GAZETTE. APRIL 27. COLONIAL LEGISLATURE HOUSE OF ASSEMBLY, Debate on It. Iacanlay’s Blectivs Legis- lative council Bill. Bou. Ila. Tiaras-roir. Twsyusre ape, he was ' on that it would be e iiirpr_cve- iiien upon the inodeofcoristituting the Legisla- tive Council to c it elective. e was, however. no longer of that opinion : for, looking ,‘ end comparing the rooeedings of that body, within that period . wi respet to po measures emanating from the Assembly. with its former practice with reference to measures ofa like nature, it was, he thought, quite evi- dent that they had become so far imbued with the spirit of pro es and liherslity, that no reasonable a pre nsions could be entertained of their interposing any insurmountable obsta- cles to the usage of any measures which the popular branch might deem necessary for the promotion of the general interests of the coin-. munity. In fact, the proceedings of the present Session had been quite suflcient to show that the ‘slative Council were prepared to march with t e times, and to give to every pro sal for the amelioration of the condition c the tonantry, and the advancement of the common interests, which mi ht be brought before them, the fairest and ful est consideration. All the great measures of the resent Session had found ready acceptance wit the Council; and they had also very willingly passed the most impor- hnt measures of the former Session. He felt disposed to give free expression, upon the pre- sent occasion, to his sentiments concerning both the government measures of the past and the present session and the government themselves, as, perhaps, it might be the last suitable oppor- tunity he would have of doin so. With respect to their measures, he felt imself bound, in common honesty, to admit that. generally speak- ing, they were such as the circumstances of the country demanded ; arid, although they had not all his entire approbation. he felt rsuaded that, in the main, they were calculate to confer essential benefits upon the people, and would, therefore, he believed, be in general thankfully received b em. Public men ought always to be jud by their public conductand services; and. after his admission of the value and accept- ability of the government measures, it would follow that, to a cerhiin extent at least. he must, to be consistent, hold the government to be worthy of public approbation and confidence. That he did so, he was very willing to admit. But, although to the Government, as a body, thus freely accorded much credit, on account of their legislative measures, he was very fiir from being satisfied with the individual sition or political character of _some of its main rs. But were his dissatisfaction with the present com- position of the Government still greater than it was,-—-nay were it altogether unquaIified,—it would not induce him to support any measure, of the propriety of which he was not convinced, merely because itmight be believed that, if passed into law, it might tend to the overthrow of a Government, with which he was dissatisfied. Such a mode of o sing ii government could not be otherwise t an disgraceful at any time. But, were he even favourable to the ob'ect of the Bill, and were there a probability of its pas- sing, he would oppose its further progress in the resent Session. The present would, most like y, be the last Session of that House; and in his opinion, it woul be unfair in them to make such a fundamental alteration in the com- sition of one branch of the Legislature as was contemplated by the Bill, without having ascer- taiued, with some reasonable degree of certain- ty, the sentiments of the several constituencies oonoernin it. Another general election was at band, an the opinions of the electors might then be taken concerning the proposed change in the mode of constituting the Le islativc Council. Until then,the question mig t, very safel , be felt in iibeyance: and, should it be foun that the change was desired by the peo- ple, it would be time enough to bring it forward In the first Session of the new House. With the Resolution submitted by the hon. the Leader of the Government, he could not, however, altoge- ther a ree. He could not see with what ro- riety it could be recorded, as the o inion o the ouse, that the makingof the Logis ative Coun- cil electiee, would be inconsistent with the prin- ciples of Responsible Government: for, in his opinion, Responsibility in the Government did not re-sup so harmony, as at all times neces- sari y existing, between the Assembly and the Council :-—-a government might very well be based u ii principles of Responsibility, inde- ndentiy of rnirinent harmony between the 0 Houses 0 the Legislature. He thought it would be quite sufiicient to move that the Bill be committed this a three months. Mr. Lsriin. The on y thing in the Bill which, in his opinion, was calculated, if carried into 2:" G practice, to confer a benefit upon the le, was the roposal for paying the members of the Council for thelrlegis ative services. '1‘ t ro- was, he thought, deserving the favorable consideration of the House ; for the adoption of it secured to be the only means by which a re- presentation of the different sections or districts ‘of the Island could be secured in the Council. Hon. Mr. ‘ us e was still of opinion that It would be roper to record, in their Jour- nals, the reasons y which they had been infin- eneed in rejecting the Bill. A Hair. Ms. Porn. The Resolution of the hon. the Leader of the Government laid down a ropo- sitioa which had neither been proved, iror selhiow- . There would, therefore, in his opinion, be an evident improlpristy in cuiering it upon ihs Journals of the ouse. It would be best, he thought, to allow esirnpls record of ihs full ma- yoriiy against the Bill—io withdraw the Resoluion, and to allow the further progress of the Bill to be aim ly ns stivod. . bis. I-lsviasiio. He was going to make an ghssrvatiori to the same eficci, when anticipated by the hon. the Treasurer. t woul quite impossible for the House, at present, to arrive at aav such conclusion, as that set forth in the Reso- lution of the lion. the Leader of the Government. As yet, no trial of the elective principle had been mule, with respect to the Legislative Council. On what experience then, or by what reasoning, could they show that the making of the Council slsctivs would be inconistsi with the rinoiples of Responsible Government? The ssoluiion laid down a proposition. by which, although it had neither been proved not assented to, the House would be bound in future, should they adopt the Resolution. But, besidssihs vslld objection which inlgln be successfully urged sssisn tbs Rssolrmon is that score, it wusqulls irregular in form. I Is- ssrusfvusssiu, in such cases, being held sliogeihsr ‘ . .” . . h jnflon. the Susan hsvisg stated that the record gfisesons for throwing out the Bill, as contempla- R: ovunirient, would be qoiless variance with fljgggntfly, ususgs; and having also shows why ; ‘us hold is be inadininible in psrlisinesl.-f Hos. iii. Coi.ss said he vmlyl ---Mr-v, hi- sssuinrlos, and more that tbs ‘loll!-I so-sum! three this day‘ rneni I. _ _ Is. scslssv. Hessght, 4 H ‘e o ' ihs Ilesoluiisri of the hen. the I.ssdsr_of ’°'°‘ himself very fortunate in being surrounded by men so who, as to be able. without discussion or Inqui- ry. and all al once, iodeierirrrne llllll a plop.»-iii.-r which had been llPl(I deserving ol the IIIIISI serious and deliberate coiisideraiion of the Le islaiures ol Canada. New llrunswicli. and Nova Coulis, was altogether unworthy oftheir aliaiition. member for Bsllasi (Mr. Davie. ) had said ihai ii was not worth their while to give the Bill any furllier cousidersiion. The ban. member must in- deed sets var) high value upon his time and his wisdom in disposing ol it, when he lhiiilis the devoting of we hours to ilie eoneideraiiuii ol ilre Bill, in ii Comniiilee of ihe whole House, would be time rriispeiii, and losi to the country. The view up arcnily liilieii by the Hon the Leader of the ‘overuineni. concerning the object of rho Bill. and by which he seemed to be main- ly ivrfineneed in his opposition to it. was that it would too mrrcli restrain lho power of the Govern- ment soil their majority is the Assembly. [Hon. Mr. Cons. ‘ on. member is quite mistaken as to my views.) Ho (Mr. Macaulay) lhoughi not: the view which he had ascribe to the hon. the Leader of the Government was such as his (Hon. Mr. Cole's) arguments against the Bill fully warranted the belief that be entertained. 'I‘here was something in the nature of power which always inclined it to press against the limits by which it was circumscribed; and it was too ofion dis sod to withstand every charge which might possibly alfccl itself, through no other Icel- inn than ajeslous fear that the alteration would bring with it adiminution ofits extent. It was perhaps only quite natural, therefore. for the hon. the Leader of the Government to wish lo ralaln ihe power of choosing ihe men who should fill up vacancies in the Council, and of I|Illl8elfJ|IOVlt‘Ill'lfl pay for them too, if they were in be psi ;as that mode would rather tend to confirm. than to dimi- nish his power. As to lhe opposition of the hon. member (Mr. Wighlmsn) to the Bill. it might also. perhaps, be accounted for in a similar way. He (Mr. Macaulay) could see no reason why that hon. member should not be quite as open to the allurements, and as free to obey the dictates of ambition as any other man ; and it might, possibly, be quite evident to him that he was fully as eligi- ble io a seat in the Council as any who could be called to it. By providing pay for the members of the Council, the Govcrment might also have it in their power to extend the sphere of their choice, and to call to ii men from the difi'eront sections of the country. ut men so chosen and so paid, would not be the representatives, either of the poo- lc, or of local interests: they would, in fact, be nothing but the paid nominees of the Government; and such a system should never have his sanction or support. He had liitle or no reason to be per- iicularly anxious to please some members of the Government ; but, however that might be, he was not influenced by his privsio fecclings towards any of them, in the course he was pursuing. He was persuaded that it was necesssary, for the due pro- lection of the common interests of the people, to lessen the power of the Government in the Legis- lature; and his chief object, in bringing forward his Bill to make the Legislative Council elective, was to provide a means, whereby Government might be prevented from acquiring. at any time, an unconstitutional and dangerous legislative infin- cncc. The lion. the Treasurer had said that the passing of the Bill would lessen the constitutional flllhll of the people; but he did not see how a Bill, the direct aim and object of which was to ex- iend the elective franchise, could have a tendency to lessen the constitutional privileges of the peo- ple ['I‘he hon. the Tssssiiuss here interrupted Mr. Macaulay, observing that be disputed, not only the correctness of the hon. member's quota- tion of his words, but the construction which he put upon them as wcll.] ii. Mscsuhsir coniinucd-—He was not dispo- sed to trespass much farther upon the time of the House; but he would just remind them of what had been done by the Rcsponsiblcs in Nova Scotia when they were unable to carry a measure by fair and corisiitutionsl means in the U per House: a member thereof was absent, and, although it was very well known that he was on his way from Cape Breton to ialrc his place and attend to his Legislative duties in the Council, the Responsible Government took advantage of his ebsence,and appointing another gentleman, favourable to their views, to a seal in the Council ;snd, thereby, carried their measure. Might not the same thing he done here! Certainly it might : but he would contend that a law passed unconstitutionably—ss any law passed by means of so unfair a msneurs would be—would be no law at all. Any attempt to alter the Consiiiiiiion of a couniry ought-he did not deny—io be well considered before it was entered upon; and, even when entered upon, it ought not to be hastily accomplished. He had not brought forward his scheme without having previ- ously long and well considered it ; and even now he was not over anxious to urge its acceptance upon ihe House. He was not, by any means, in a hurry with it. The Bill, be flattered himself, contained no evidence in itself, of having been in- consideratcly or hastily drawn up; and, he thought the more seriously public attention should be fixed upon its obyect, and the more closely its provisions for the accomplishment of that object should be canvassed, the more clearly would their adaptation to the end be manifested. was, therefore, quite willing that the Bill 3' ‘< should mslie some sbaervnlioiis on the occasion of II llill now befall this board for iirstlioriling the (inverti- iiierii Io issue £ls.i00 n|"l'ineiiry Nor:--. rmI'«lo-rIn- iible is specie, in addition to the sfir of I l l.!“‘0 H0“ oirisiiiniling. wiih your islie somewhat of an historical view of the and observe, firsi. that in February, I835. Lie Governor Ready sent a Message to the VI'Iou M II will be seen b the following extracts from Des- priichn. in the sport, which I beg Io road to your lloiiors. Illill lhe lords of the Trs-usury, us well as the Colonial lierriitary, ‘were sorrrewlrul puzzled by Honors’ pusqir-on-ii. I shall lhese operations, :iriil though! it ribiiii-lurill_\ iieccsm prforce upon the - ---- iM|0.. Keane‘ th authority of I.I8|Il8I|I‘ Governor f _ o tpideriQ ilis Govcnirneut, Noise pay- sembly. as follows : , blur in I re, had of checltbig any futtlfl issue of “ The House of Assembly will see, on exam" them I frslloping lion the oflhe Public Accounts, that Ilicre is s hlauc ,h”ihe *1 ' Tngpl,-p qggaqs, Must Io, |au_ hands of the Treasurer (after dioeba ' all ofitandf gm.‘ ing Warrants), in cash and bonds, to this balance io cover the expenditure of the yesrllisu the amount of the net revenue o even i what is provided by the Imperial Government in of‘ En lsnd) and which have hitherto been paid olu of tit Revenue, amount, on an average of preceding years, other w" Ihen remain in the £I500, available for future exigencies. Your Honors will observe, that at this period there in ciish and bonds; that the ordinary revenue was about £2500; and the contingent expenses of the Government neces- providod for were about £050,—inaking together a sum of £3450; so that at llio and of the your there would be an ovorplus of £560; and this, with the anticipated incoming revenue of £2508, there would be available assets In the Treasury to the amount of £3050 towards the expenditure of the fol- The monetary sfihirs of the Island then, appear to be in a most satisfactory and sound stats on the assumption of the Government by Colonel Ready, which, by a prudent and cautious ' nt unfortu- naiely. on the 14th March,—a day long to be remem- bered wiih regret in the financial annals of this Co- lon .—tliere was introduced into the Legislature, on from b a nice- sure, a Bill to authorize the Lieutenant Governor and Council to issue Treasury Notes, ofcertaiu values, to was in the Treasury a sum of £4000 any to lowing year, I826. supervision, would have continued so. wii out. as far as I can perceive, any press without. or any apparent necessity or sue the amount of £5000—-not reduni b snnuslrsvenue) in equal £5, £2, and .CI Notes. Assembly on the lfith. Thus in the short s five days was this most important _statnie add and resident householders of Charlottetown, pr-uyin £800, sub'ect to the same regulations as those ins under the ormar Act in March. Joint Committee on the Public Accounts made I.h following most extraordinary Report, vin:— “ Your Committee cannot in trade by the issue of Treasury Notes, as well as a gain to the Colony of .5881 Ms. 5d. interest on bonds ,._yvhich could not have been allowed to soon- mulaie, had not so desirable an accommodation taken place." The Act of I829, to raise a Loan of £5000 sterling, failed to efi'r.-ct its purpose. The year 1830 is render- ed memorable b the adoption of two modes for pro- curing funds;—i e one. by an Act for a further issue of £ll000~in Notes, to_ continue for four years; the other, by an Act authorising an Assessment on Lands, for the purpose of grerit' to his Majosi , his heirs s successors. the sum 0 £1000 annually, for five years. for lb erecting a suitable building for his syesty’s Reprs. sentulive in this Island, and also for creating a build- i for an Academy in Charlottetown. In I88], a i I was passed to authorise another issue of Notes, to the amount of £8000; £500 of which re be In Notes of live shillings value. The stem is continued in 1888. b an extended issue o no loss than £5000 more o Notcs;—£I000 of outstandi Notes to be paid off annually for five years, by the ' ‘reasirrsr, out of a fund rain or an assessment on land by virtue £5000), to erect a Government House and other ub- llc buildings within the lslsnd;—ihc amount of res- sury Notes, unrsdssmablo in specie, was re‘ by this statute to £18,800!!! By permission of your onors, I will read a few extracts from the Report on the Currenc of the Island, made in I841 :—- " In 1834, I a limo appointed by the Act of the previous year for cancelling £1000 of the Notes in circulation. an Act is passed to suspend the cancelling of any portion of these Notes for one ysar;—this Act being transmitted to England, was disllowed b the following Minute of the Lords Commissioners o the Council for Trade :—-' Ilth Au st, 1884. It appears to their Lordships to be inexpadrent to divert from its proper ohjeci the sum appropriated for rsdeemi the Government Notes issued in Prince Faiward Is and last year; their Lordrhips are, therefore, of opinion, that this Act should be disallowed.’ " Mr. Spring Ilice, in his Dcwpatoh to Lieutenant Governor Sir A. W. Young. dated the Idtli October should lie over for a time ; for be doubted not that, when next brought forward, it would have found such favor among the people, that their representatives would give it, at the least. a more favorable consideration than it had now received, although it was possible that it mi ht he a second time rejec 0 would, never e- less, most certainly have preferred its being seed in the nt Session ; for he saw a ngcr looming in the distance, which it was intended to ward olI'. To the decision" of the House it was, however, his duty respectfully to bow . and, in doing so, he would only further observe that, whilst thoy dis uted the correctness of his judgment, he he oy would allow the into ity of his motives. T e question being then put on the motion of the Hon. Mr. Cous, “ that the Bill be commit- ted this day three months, the House divied : Yeas-Hon. Mr. Colss, Hon. Mr. Wsrburion, Hon. Mr. Pope, Hon. Mr. Jardine, Hon. Mr. Lord, r. Fraser. Mr. Davies, Hon. Mr. Thornton, Mr. Laird, Mr. Clark, Mr. Macuoill, Mr. Wightinsu, Ir. Havi- land, Mr. Lo worth, Mr. Mooney-—1s. Nayr—Mr. scarilsy. Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Cam. pion, and Mr. so-4. LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL CHAMIII, slsi Msvicir, I858. Debate on lotion for the loooiid loading of the Treasury I III]. (Continued from Hasanrd's Gasetis, No. 25.) Ban. Mr. Iinrvia.—ln rbisgto ofsrs few remarlis es the important so ‘ now fore your I-losers, I sin happy to be relieved from subnriitlng any addi- tional arguments in support of sure most pro- snd seconded by the hon. gentlemen on either me, who have stated their own views ofth‘ question in their meal lucid, forcible sad eloquent language; but having drawn the attention of the com- munity. through the public papers and other channels. in the year I848, to the state of the Currency and monetary afihirs of the Island, more particularly to -r -asd u’Iii“p-hp'“.li's'p'r"siu'i'ry' Bessie.“ "'ii:i‘ l x 4-1. I’ III I884, enclosing the above Minute, says :-—‘ The issue of Government Notes in the year I888, amount- ing io £5000. was made upon the security of all As- sessmeut on Land, im on or five years, and not expected to produce much more than £l000 in each year of its duration. And ii is therefore evident, that any diversion of that Revenue from its proper object would eventually leave unprovided for one-fifth part of the Notes for which it was pledged. It would add one thousand pounds permanently to the amount oft paper to remain in circulation in the Colony; and every rs titles of such a measure would rodnco a further iiiou one thousand pounds to I spe- ciss oI"Csrrsnoy.h. M *5‘ am can t tw n the Iagislature seed the Act. they cannot have 'vod that its Tit... und tendency were such as have now described; and I of doubt not that they will be fully sensible up siiy of the decision whioh.—ess that the leisure has not yet taken any practical i,—Hi. 31.5.,’ in Council has been advised to pro us. up... ll,- ot.’ ‘ Having already, in my coiiirnuuioatioaol‘ nil July last. desired on not to assent to any Act "rho. rising an issue o Government paper or securities, except with the evious sanction of His Majesty's Government, ls ll merely. ovi tho i ' _ desire ihai neltllot will you lieres ssuai to any ct gunloashit contairisus ing clause) for dip iisi wit as v iris vlousl w b:pe_:sde for of Notyosprlroadyylnhdir: cs sires.‘ " object of the Imperial Government. in dis- allowing the postponement oftbe cauodliqol’ ‘I800 of Noise. was to jam ihsi ihefssd rpsclsllly sppropr ' for-as us... done] the Notes. ivsaldsesesiislly swplspdf: Meir reduction." on e s , 3‘ 14000. Under present . iri-umsiiirices ol the Co ony, Ihe Lieuieriuni Governor does iiol feel himself wer- rsnlod io rocoorrnend that a larger sum be tuhsirfroI< 1 1884, which appears to be about .£2,500—lhe contingent spouses of the Colonial men " Should the House of Assembly see fit to make vision to cover Ibis expenditure, the Lieute- nant overnor will, in that case, appropriate the full sum of £2,500 exclusively to Roads and Bridges; and will receive and take into consideration the recom- mendation of the Legislature as to the most beneficial mode of applying the same, with the view to ihs wants of the country and advantage to the public. A balance hands of the Treasurer of ii is in specie on d¢mand—(aud being double the amount of the then ' ‘proportions in amount, in he Bill was pressed for- ward wilh extraordinary hsste,—having been read twice on the 14th March. passed on the 15th, and sent up to the Council: there the speed was kept up, and the Bill, completed, was again in the House of - 6 so 3‘ C Laws of the Colony. At the Session of the House of Assembly held in October, 1825, a Petition was pre- ssnied from a number of merchants, shopkeepers, In April, I828, the s avoid remarking with satisfaction the benefit the inhabitants of this Island have derived, and the accommodation afforded those of dcfrayin the expenses of u of ihs Act of I880 (already charged with the sum of III the paper circulailzvof t.h-oydolouy sad it Olpfldd. ', i Having» " fl Iadsfloasuilssisaorssf Ills Majesty ’s 'I‘rcssuvy your letter of Ihe l3lli IIll., on the sub' ct of the a plicaliou to llre curreirl expenses of * dvafuutanfeof Prince Edward Island. of certain Iecuritim lod ed in ihc Treasury for the redemption of paper circa siion of the Calms! am epzmendcd I r 91 i,llsia,ro.. Gees Ihatll v‘rl6nfi!:p‘p“er Film ihalzrplanulion new firrnisherl rsq.veei' the r issued by the Govern- inurr e|f'Pvinc'i,i ward sad, the Treasurer has bee authorized to accept Bonds or paysunls due to '0' siisii'v'~y‘,"bir' ncciian! loco duties and as the amount of those Bonds. eon not be iinsudiately rs- als'ud—-csrtadw promissory Mus to the extent of .€II,500, Hols‘/‘as: currency, had been issued in an- ‘ ' rid oirtsaslly rscirrsd upon the money‘: to be virtually raised under the Bonds. It however, further appears. that the amount of Bonds of this description old by the 'I‘rsssurer had diminished ‘than! no corresponding diminution of the our m in circulation and at the . your l , the excess of Proiusiiuory beyond Hie Bonds in the Treasury amounted to £6645 13;. 241.. Halifax currsncy, exclusive of a separate andfurllior issue to the ainonnl of £5000, the redemption of which. was s ilically provided for. and consequently, that s Colonial debt to the amount firet mentioned. incurred without any ostensible period for its liquidation. My Lords, observe that the Treasurer has stntod, that no appli- cation for the payment of the Notes in gold or silver has been refused; but ildoes not appear that they are considered to so so payable on demand. or at the local Treasurer would be prepared to rust such dssiosd if circiiirutuacse should occasion it to studs. in respect pyoasy coiiridsraols portion ig/‘tlrr .Nolss. And my rds, would recommend the atten- tion of the Lieutenant Governor of the Colony should becnllsd to lbs sfi’sci of the proceedings to which they have advsrtsd, and that the necessity for the adoption of oieasuru to provide for the redemption qf Ilia .Nbln and Ms liquidation of the debt already incurred b the Colon as well as for prcventi any increase that debts ould be particularly pointed osiio ' 9' Q I have, &c. (Signed) B. G. Sraaaisair. James Stephens, Esq.. dtc. Extract ofa Despatcb from Lord Glsnelg to Sir John Harvey. dated slsi August, I886: to desire that you will not permit any Act or Ordinance. or Proclamation. or Regulation Income ¢° 0! into operation in the Colony under your Government, r slali to the local currency and circulating medium. or to I o rates at which coins should pass current or he a legal tender or to the circulation of Promimory Notes or other paper, either by the local Govsrn_ment, _ _ , 3 or by any corporate bodies or individuals without for an issue of Ten Shilling Notes. A Bill was accord- ingl passed, authorising an issue to the amount of having first received His Msjssty‘s sanction, conveyed to you by the Secretary of Stine. (S' nod) Gi.:irlLa." From Sir John Harvey, Pills September, I886. ‘ ('I‘o be continued.) THE WHITE SLAVES OF ENGLAND. What is slavery? “ A slave," as Dr. Noah Webster, in his dictionary ublis ed at New York, “ is a person wholly suuject to the will of another; one who has no wi of his own, but whose person and services are wholly under the control of another." The learned Iexico raplier —and surel at New York men shoul be ac- quainted wi the rightsofthe subject-proceeds to inform us, that in the earl ages of the world, prisoners of war were consi ered and treated as slaves. “ The slaves of modern times," he adds, “ are generally urohascd like horses or oxen." Our own Dr. ohnson defines a slave as being one “ mancipiited to a inaster—not a free- men—a dependant—onc who has lost the power of resistance." Mr. Charles Richardson, on the other hand, considers a slave as a person “ who is reduced to capt.ivity—to scrvitude—to bondage; who is boun or compelled to serve, labour, or toil for another." here is always some little trouble about a definition, and pro- bably it requires the cobbling and filing of more than one generation to produce anything like a perfect one. There are, however, certain con- ltions of life, which an lexicogrepher would endeavour to include in is dra et, if he were attain tlngto vs a definition o slavery. We are al a eed a at the Uncle Tome and coloured population of the southern states of the Ameri- can Union. They are slaves—not only in name but in hct—kindly treated. we believe, in the majority of instancss—but still essentially slaves. When we endeavour to go a little fur- ther we find ourselves considerahl embarrassed. A man is the slave of his own ba ssions,—of his lust after gain or power. ut this will scarcel do, for by enlarging the definition too ‘much, he essence and reality of the thing to be defined is altogether lost. It may perha be better to begin at the other end, and ascen from particulars to generals. Granting that the negro gangs who are worked on the cotton grounds of the southern states of orth America, or in the sugar plantations of Brazil, are slaves, in what way should we k of persons who are circumstanoed in the manner we are about to relate! Let us consider them as inhabitants of a distant re on—oay of e rloans—no matter a ut e colour of their skins. and then ask ourselves what should be our opinion of a nation in which such thin are tolora They are of a sex and agp, e least ualified to struggle with the hards ips of their ot—young women, for the most part, between 16 and 0 years of age. As we would not deal in on rations, we would premise that we take thorn at their busy season, just as writers upon American slave are careful to select the season of cotton-pick ii and sufi- orushln as illustrations of their t eories. c ale slaves, then, of whom we speak, are worked in gangs in ill-ventilated rooms, or rooms that are not ventilated at all, for it is found by ex once that, if elr be admitted, it t " blacks" of another kind, which work upon which the seamstresses are employed. Their occu tion is to sew from morning till night and night till morning- stltoh, stitch, , without peuse—without tbont e smiIe—without a sigh. In gray of the morning they must be at work, spy at six o'clo&, havin a quarter of an hour a owed for breaking the r fast. The food served to is Dan? and miserable cnou h, but still, in all probab iw more than their vcred sun can dl I. e h etlssh. ..'-1:‘ °l..""‘°"*..': ".'."...':'. '--i ~'.:::v'-- '- ‘ °'""’ ‘ "" ' ” c at t ti w w’ std uln cslaiilou, was by the. substitution # a paper issue of flaw ‘H: mzrfizgm a ' areal 0IIlIIOtl’r,.'Iad charged with interest.--so pg”. gm, . of .0“, “d “M ,0 0“; will be soon by the lowlsg smsisssi: ,,,,,.p,,,,,,,.,,_ n .9,“ ,0 'o'k_“mh' “hob l8so—Netss ls slrsalittsa. sis.soe -utill five o'clock, when fifteen minutes are 030- “ ' agaln sllewsdfsrtss. Tltunssdlssarothen sst WIIIII “ It". In motion once more--stitch bl supper—a piece of dry. breed and cheese, and g glass of beer. From nine o'clock at night until one. two, and three o'clock iii the morning, stitch, stitch ; the only break in this long period i a minute or two—-just than enough so w a cup of strong Isa, w is supplied lest the oung people should “ feel slee y. ' at three o‘c a.ui.. to bed :at six o'cI . s.iri., out of its hi resume the duties of the fol. lowing There is ' be a good deal of monotony ii the qccu on. . But whse.w0 ll!" “M lit nrtslassoutlrs of the year, these unfortunate young persons are worked in the manner we describe, we have not said all. Even during the few hours allot- ted to sleep-should we not rather say to a fe- verish colsplation from toil l—their miseries con- tinue. e are . ..u in sleeping , ten in ii rooin, whi(i:(liu:i‘iul<f: perhaps, be lliid. cient. for the accommodation of two persons. The alternation is firorn die treadmill-and what a ' !—tc the of Calcutta. Not a word of renioustranoe is allowed, or is ible. he seamstresses may leave the mill, no doubt, but what awaits them on the other side of the door l—-starvation, ifttilagbbe honest —if not, in all robabilit , pros in and its consequences. hey woul scaroelyesee from slavery that way. rel this is a ver terri- blo state of things, and one which ole the anxious consideration of the ladies of d, who have renounced themselves so oudly against the orrors of negro slever in the Uni- tod Shtes. Had this system o oppression against rsons of their own sex boon really ex- erclsed n New Orleans, It would have elicited f:-‘om tlgm inanyiex bhions of pymphathy for! t e on ran, an o e orronee or o crue mskgilpsgers, who oouulliiifi spa crually 0iViOl_'_WI0I’k wre e creaturesso tt to c to . tis idle to use any further mystification in themat- ter. The lofilloléilf miser i hhave h.h'bed exist at our own oors,en n t s most ion- able quarters of luxurious Ioudon. It is in the dress-making and millincry eshblishnients of the “ West end" that the s" stem_is studily l.’“'l.“1’i‘.'.; “;°.i°..'l.‘.§3.".°“iI. ‘.7i.i.'i’.’ iii. -- 33$ 0 Englang love to adorn themselves. Itis to satisf their whims and caprias, that their wretc ed sisters under these days and riighu oil; sulfiieringfand tl4pil.f T]: is but right. that w; s on coness t e aut oes not so muo at ltlhefdqior of bIIBbfl:;f»0lIIBI'I, alshwiltillidtlhc princia o t ese esta i merits. e ' iners an dilessmukers of the metropolis will not.omploy illhiliii-I pi'iii‘ifhrr'3di°rhti'°bi$hk'and ifi'em§.5°i:.': wretched creatures in their employ. Cerhinly the prices charged for articles of dress at an of the eat West End establishments are s - piently i h—-as uiost heads of ifiniilics now to t eir cost--to ens e t e r store to retain a competent stafi'of workm e, and at the same time to secure a ver n me t to themselves. Wherein, then,ylies the rempshoyl Will the case of these r seamstresses ‘ bet- tered, if the ladies of land abstain partially, or in a great measure, rom giving their ‘usual orders to their usual houses. In that case it maybe said, some of the seamstreses will be dismissed to starvation, and the remainder will be overworked as before. Wehfrul e, e on seeourwe tro the dificulty ; for we hold the most improbab o event in our social arran ments to be the fact that a lady of fashion wi employ ssooond-rats house for the urchase of her annual duty. The leading mi iners and dressmakers of Lon- don have hold of English society at both ends. They hold the ladies by their vani '1- love of fine cIothes.e the ssaiastresus by what e. rs to be their interest and by diet: love of rfe. Now, love of fine clothes and love of life are two very strong motive-spring of hu- man actio A correspondent who has addressed us upon this subject suggests, that the ladies of Bignnd —the censurers of American sla_very—wi the Duchess of Sutherland at their head, refuse to give their patronage to any houses in which the twelve-hour system was not striotl e confess we see diflculties in the way, but not_ ca_ter “ wonian"s wit” might overcome, I fairly brought to bparupon the question. The customers, the principals, the seamstresses, are all women. Thy are more competentto deal with each other, than men could by any possibilty be. If the Suther- land-house committee wou d hirly set the ex- am Is, and carry out their design with sulciuit vigr ance, we doubt not_thcy could execute the task. Th did not shrink hour the wholoule dificultyo emanci ting the 3;000,000er4,M0, 000 negroes of the riitcd Shtes,-why-hsdhte ‘Jfi.l‘i'.l"Ii.i“p§..i2i§i‘r.§i‘°.i.?i'l‘3l‘il"u‘.?.'£’?.”‘”" will and patrons of their customers! 0 doubt their intelligence will find a way out of dimculties which ussle themaso f _ br__ain. We should be gla indeed to see ofiotivs movement afoot, which would comps the nu. liners of the irietropolls to employs sulcisnt number of hands, and consequently to wrxk only for a limited number of hours. God knows, twelve hours of labour and ooufinemat are quite sulllcisnt lbr any ,0l1lI$W0flIl| to p through in the_coui-se of a ds . or ourselves we can but int to other cl ates where toll meets with ts appropriate reward, and urge these unfortunate to leave their native shores as soon as so inoiis sore d a better Eugladrat remain II. 3 ther. Those who will the other side oft e globe, and those who will find the market in a more wholcsoiue con- dition. Almost every week we have to record a strike for increase of wages among osrmin classes of male labourers-—it is_ time, that the (tion of overworked women had come. Loa- on BASZARDW GAZETTE] Wednesday, April 87,1858. The Editor of Wilden‘: mpts to evade the justice and truth of some 0 our remarks on the resi tions, byhca ' than personal and scurr ous. If t ar ole be scurrilous, we wonder what some of his edito- rials might be termed; we re r no words could be found in our common vombule- ries to designate their pro titles. It would be improper according to r. Whelan tobring any person who agrees with him before the bar of public opinion, for even their public actions, but he is to be allowed to enter the domestic hearth, and show up the privah ebo- rector of his opponents when ever it suit his ur so. . P rid’... the tenor of the article we allude to, all that we ve ssi seems to grfsotly consis- tent except that which alludes Oe Swa- . e does not deny, that Oepm Swabey was, and still is, an nnpo iilsr man. but gives us a llst of the liberal vt. lIClIhl': wiploh etts Oaphlo Swebey has voted fir Ill“ the present Government. Ivea person we tllotélflto the end of Sir Henry untlsy’I IUIII. Gap Swabs ' sch-unttlnlri a. gun a were hlghtwy. these were ..:.:§-:-.:-:.:.+-..i-:..*~ "’ki'il t‘. 'l:"‘