- NEWSY NOTES - By AGBICOLA .-aunt's MONUMENT’ iii; 753?" '°“‘'"" ‘“‘n:.?;‘l:.’.‘..°°' “M At the Junction of Grey st. and arranger st.. in Newcastle on Tyne, stands an Ionic column rising to , nsjgr-.t of 135 feet and surlnount.- ed by a. statue of that Earl Grey, who was Prime Minister of Bri- tain when the “Reform Bill" was . Newcastle has always been intensely litlcal (in the best sense of e word) and when this important measure was enacted it soll_"lll. to honor the local states- man who had helped in its pass- age by electing his statue. In the year 1430 the electorate had been fixed, as far as the counties were concerned, at those who possessed la. freehold worth at least no in modern money. For four hundred years no change had [axon place in this qualification; but that was only part the slory. The Kings of 1!:ngland—the Tudor.-l and Stuarts in particular —llzld treated numbers of borough seats, each returning one or more menlbers. and often with few, and in some cases with no voters. "BE‘lW’.‘l'ill the accession of Henry VIII and the death of Charles 11". says a nistorian. "one hundred and eighty iuch borou hs were creat- ed, nearly all of t em being small villages." These were the “rotten boroug‘l‘s" we read of; some were mtten lit first. others became so by the shifting away of the pop- ulrltioll. leaving a tithe of the elec- tors to return the members, while the towns had no representation at :11! There was no change in the law (which was fair in theory) but popular representation had been reduced‘ to a farce. some of the greet landowners could send at dozen members, from as man in- significant hamlets. to Wes'trnI‘;ister while new and growing cities like Manchester and Birlninghun, had 110118. - Bad as this was. it was nothing to the corruption which had in» fested the bcdytgolitlc by the close of the euhteen century. It was possible for an outsider with no stoke ;n the district. to buy his way into Parliament by a payment of a heavy fee to the owner of the rotten ix/rough, who thereupon di- rected his tenants as to how they must ‘.'.'W. one of these boroughs. says Prof. Meiklejohn was only is ruined wall in a. gem. emAn's k. and another was “two or 0 fields and a, clump of trees"; 50 that it was necessary to t voters as well as to influence them The lzrovring commercial impor ance of the towns induced the new middle class to challenge the of the land-owing semi- feudal classes. In this they were aided by the whole mess of the new working classes in the fac- torles and mines. It was a very disturbed. not to say revolution. 31')’. England that introduced the Reform Bill of 1832. “It would be difficult to describe and impossible the heat of public preceded the elections of 1331" says the historian. Th» coilntly believed that the Bill. from which they expected so much. hid been defeated in the late House by a trick. and it remained for tho people to show their sense of injury by re‘/.lmlng a. very different House. As very few no votes, they were orced to not indirectly, that is. y bribery in some instances. inti- daiicn in others, open violence nmost.sndinallb.v1aheunspoken eat. of red revolution. The elec- iions wt May 1831 were noteworthy or the defiant crowds who jostled their aristocratic orppornents at the hustlngs. ‘By Stplbmber of that year. the House. 8110“ the - 9- . ty of 136 it passed the "People's ill" which the last Parliament ad slain. Gre and 151011811111“ triumphed bill. there Lords -- 1115 1&1‘. Saturday. first mutteringa of the storm gan right away. The Funds fell at once. “In many towns the bells were Lulledv ‘lie shops were shill’- md the journals appeared with mourning borders. At Nottingham the mob rose lmdbumed the castle: they also fixed the mohison of an unpopular squire." The mob at Derby rttscked the jail and relax.- 'ed the isoners. At Darlinzwfl Loni Ta « ervlile just escaped with his life; Lard Ionclonderry was at- tacked and left for dead. In-Lora don itself the rubble in immense numb--.~l marched throng the West End breaking the windows and as- saui. the peers; and were only driven from Apsle House—the re- sidence of the Du of Wellington —bv the timely arrival of the Life Guards. The whole country from end to and, seemed in the grip of rebellion, with the result: that the v Peers who had provoked the cr izlletened to bei Lord Grey '0 etain office. 5 travelled slowly those days nnthing of the arrangement where _ an 0, . e"::‘|‘r'l:|'-.IrIl.tu qnlly. cheaply. D . llnri . :;INA§oe4|“Elon: crmwfiu ' DIAI . Ag vi WOOL um”: n3"'r‘.lm4u °"Ne Ind lamps Intel. .00; -.._n . the W1‘ 1010!?-the:-a ca ht. minded its busy“: mm” ’3‘.}'.°, how far the new Commons con. “1“’°d 9-‘ the Ollfibreali we can only eurmhgez but the fact that it play. ed in'.o their hands b lntunidat- "'8 ‘hf’ WW8. and e further knowledge that the ‘loops actually in Bristol‘. made no move to check the rlotens. shows. if not compile. RY. there was something not far remove.» from it. 'I'hirty houses were burnt in the principal Square 01 fine city; the nl.=ho;p's Palace W95 10006!-i. and set on fire" and so was the Mansion House, where the Mayor had his residence. Mos: certainly all of the city would have been given over to aesLl'uct.lon, if an outsider had not taken com- mand cf the troops (without auth- Orltl’ for the act!) and dispersed the riotus. However, this disor- der wakened the Government to the danger of playing with fire. Sterner measures were adopted flaainst disturbers of the peace, and when in the summer of 1832. the Lord's passed the long-sought Re- fofm 13411. B. general julbillitlon over- name llle last vestiges of revolil- tionary action. such was the price that England. id for me cle-ansirlg of her pol. tioal system. and the important thing to keep one‘s eye on, is that not.-hing less would have been ef- fective under the circulnstances. It might have been worse. for forty veers before that. the French mile had remedied their ill.» by a olution which involved the feu- dal I'l.ll.iI1K classes in a. common N111: and in our own time we have seen Russia. undergo the some ter- rible oxlperlenoe. But in England the praveinblal slownus, (which real- y keeps step with commonsense), us within reasonable bounds alf r we had won our point; and no such dlsaste bcfell our national life. Wherefore we in the North erected a. pillar and statue to the statesman who had guided us throwih it all. ON THE ROAD TO TBACADIE By the kindness of a valued friend. Dr. W. L, Holman the writer was recently enabled to visit the district in which Tracadle is situated. The mod round the shore towards Dalvs permits a view of the ‘dark—ro1ing brine’ of the (341111. but the writer was too busy looking landward to be im- pressed by its beauty. For all along the way were wild pla.nt.'», some of which I'd never before seen. and others which were al- most stmnsera. so long ago was it since I last saw them. There were immense beds of the Black crow- berry, Empetnun nigrlun. growing ogimiilie sandy ‘bar.rens' as they are ._. r or misleadingly called; and side by side wl it, the Purple Growb , which Gray calls E. ni- 01'?!’ gm. plan a minor controversy over this lot- does not trouble to give it 1!. name, but merely remarks that there is aredformofcrowberry in the c. This would indicate that he had never seen tile plant when the fruit was ripe, since ‘it is red only when immature. Our Ameri- can cousins have now E31166 give it the staztus of a spficles 1111- der the name FknlIe'-1"1l-- M-|‘0lIlI|'- pureum. is ustified, in my aplmon: the Purpe Crovwberry is a. taller plant. and the twigs lvgave B noticeably so-urfy bulk, in the bunk gpmies has not. when the two are net Side by side. as at '1mcad_e. their difference is readily seen. In the bottom of a. dried-up d. I got my first glimpse 91 vulgru-ls, popularly Mares Tall." Just w‘-‘hw Linnaeus called it so, I cannot make Wt. 511108 "- 1'9’ upendage not 5,} Brush" and artistic verisirnilitude! with simple entire leaves in whorls. and minutes flowers sessile in the mills. in summer. says Gray: and we'll let it 30 85 t-hail There is a field by the roadside whereorn the wild thyme crows. and some of it has white filorwers. instead of the regulation purple ones. This is Thyrmus Berpyllum. which seems to tax: possession wherever it gets a. footinlz. Owln: to its stroriq-simellinsv oil it can- not be good for struck. Ind may come under the heading of a noxi- ous weed by and W9- At Traoaldie my attention was called to u stviirdy mtl-e Dlant of the Liiiy llbmily, with leaves re- sembling the lily-of-the-valley. and surmounted by a brllnch of en berries, each with six black stripes dawn me 51¢»-._ 7?--t. in the mark 01 me stve,-_nWre-r-art, Wale’ Sola- mon-, B-:mL Smllacinl: Stellfiini later the berries may V*3}'V f1‘°m dull ruby red to almost back‘; Thane is also 11 "Lily Pond at .p"c.,.;,-s,_ mwn 3 --._-rv .—sr£ensive and iving %;r.3.-.1-.'l-_-, I.» was mt. my mod fortune to see ilhem in bloom. since they close about midday. but the?’ njlugt be a d’1d»Tl’I’iIl'.“' .=’~h‘. and ore of which the owner must be 51151- ly proud added my,‘ oelyr 11/yd‘ um, 1,yn1'ri"*$'0’1 that the ote. Iilionool hasafririflenrf talrgtaobq-then loam could the i in I l?."." .‘.'.f"§.‘?.‘ “ll... ‘.i‘.i' kn... “°a..a.$.-°f.“ 1..., out what m- maliciously named foetldssilnn. nee ruum In umioh it in not!) and the tall yel- nlblo In ean- low Ink,” 111. pggudgeonu, of L ..‘:‘.'.""..'.‘..2.i.: -o hue: and '1€.2° with ya‘ rum shortly ‘to form Tfgws G121 WV; ‘cod Pl! vlx. owner 0 h.“ cum f0w_ It IOICI lee: Iris. I ml? '53. 3 ~ r sail-ul. er, an odor vthl some com- I "°"' "“ pare that of roast. beef. thouoh '.:.:-:::.".:::~:.:: «mm -. we so wmvum-lair.’ ,, ,,,,,..., n. "One mans meat mans ""“""' ’ ole eV'a'we kml'n'pel-t¢gi.°ly gag: S 0 P E X, my such an elusive, “angible, es- ? eonieoffhenmimlethonieant urecadielnvonzok garden: on which the owners must have ex- to bird and these he has arrogated iii 11 e.:;’"',W "pf. V till-i‘ will NATURAL RESOURCES MAEEHFIELD. I CONSERVATION I A WEEKLY C0I4Ul\m OF PRACTICAL OPINIONS OF THE VITAL ISSUES AFFECTING THE USES AND ABUSES OF 1 ‘rm: CHARLOTTETCWN GUARDIAN .-yr i.lmummn BY MR. LUDIDW JENKINS. STOP! LOOKS! LISTEN! ! ! (By Mrs. Edward Buck Emergency Conservation ) "rho natural tendency of civili- zation is to destroy the products and ciioicest handiwork of nat.ur_e. Civilized man exlerminatrs when: species of ’)'u‘ds, beasts and fishes as no savages have dreamed of do- tng . . .'1‘he ruthless destruction of the past must. not be permitted to continue —— it is wasteful. wicked and suicidal. Hereafter in the United States and its Territorial possess- ions, not one tree should be cut down. not one bird, mammal or fish should be killed, without a reason so good that it fully justifies the act." 'l'.‘his grave message. of the late William T. HCTIIB’ _ dean of coll- servaticnists, was uT.1:ll‘2SSEd in our country through that great union of youth, the Boy scouts of America. fore t.‘na.n il decade ago. Over eighty years before these solemn words were spoken, Henry William Her- bert, grandson of Lord Carnsrvorn. writing under the nom de plume “Fmnk F0-l'estel"' of his varied ex- periences in ‘shooting for sport t.h1-onghout the world, warned of the depletion of game in the United States “where every male inhabi- tant, with rare ex-ceptioris. 15 3 111111‘ ter ready with the .1111 81111051 115' yond example.’ Fci'.s‘t/er Bltt-rlbllted iridisrriminate shooting to a lack of knorwiedgle of the habits of game saying that "the rarest and choicest are slaugiitercd inootrisiderately, not wanton-ly. at such times and in such ma.n-nets, as are rapidly caus- ing them to disappear and become extinct." "on Long Island," wrote Forester in the Democratic Review, 1845-46. “the most evident example of a dim- inlshing species is that noble bird, the h£8.l’.h hen or pinmated grouse. where, within the memory Of 031‘ elder sportsmen they might >2 taken in abundance at the proper season, but where not a solitary bird has been seen for years.’ Today We KNOW WW5 We hefim henisnottobeseeninany of its former range and that th the g of 3. single cock in Martha's Vineyard several y€al‘s 320. 11119 species has become extinct. Yet our stupidity remains and we continue to melign, harass and exploit eVe’1'Y phase of sentient nature. to cut 01111‘ trees and pollute our streams with prodigal waste. "VER.MI'N” AND “GAME" min". The sportsman seeks a pretext for killing every creature that offers a. target for his gun. If killing it that it is "game". the sportsman stdgmatizes it as "vermin." Be as- serts tlia/i, it should be killed because it eats fish or, occasionally. a gang himself. These he wishes to kill himself. Frequently the protected species. or “game”, is of less value to man's economic welfare than the so-called “vermin" which is fioed for “game" maintenance. To the trapper, the terms fur- beaner and "vermin" are used in- terchangeably. He believes, erron- eously, that most fur-bearing ani- mals are a menace to farm and garden and, therefore, may be clas- similar conditions. The soil in his rock garden had to be hauled sev- eral miles as well! He mixed black muck, snhdl. clay, and '.ferr'tii.L'.':r, (to which I would have added a little burnlt, bone.) Now these ma- terials. exoept the brick clay per- haps, are easily come at in our dis- trict; the “black muck" could be got from the dried pools 1 saw by the roadside. The mixture should be drumrped in irregular heaps. and the stones arranged on the heat“. as artistically as possible, forming "pockets" into which more soil is packed. The stones should carry any rainfall into ire pockets. and mi. ymd.3;1ying h-zap will give per- fect dranags. an im'D?1‘l5'11t thing for wintering moat “:ll_nine" plants. A small portion complete-:i each year, will not overwziijlc thc€3~1”d€1l' er, and will be sornelnln-2 to so at every spring. Willi-2 V0111 l3"3l‘€T1‘ nuls are slcwly imre-asing, try_ a few low-growing annuals. to SW3 "bed" of white Castalia . A red vatietv has ( yggr of any "N7 . an ‘ us: the I;‘.D1'lM‘d me. tropical fiiIOI‘CJll\ wtive Iris immfdiate shoals of bloom. One of the most, =at’sfving is Sanvitsllln rccumbsn? which has light grezii caves. with E slightly yellow 5‘.-sen. and yellow flaw-rrs with blackish disc-florets. E-ome of the rc-~k—'_'ar\1erls were on i.‘.~.-2 slr.')‘m si... r_f the drlmes In such situations it is r/ossibl-e to build u-p the rocks in s succession of {.5n~a-mes, above. and placing the stories, more or less like a retain- ing wall to border the work. and to avoid the general fl_a‘i-ness some- times a-ppareni. in $111011 8laT‘d£-‘nS- when the perennials begin to fill 9,»-Q 'po:k.5r'.S half the cragglness will djsayup-.ar: wh-arses if the stone- work is flat. at first, in time it will be entirely covered. and the rock garden will resemble an ord- [nary flower bedl "Canadian Nature.‘ "Ilhis is the title of It new "bi- monthly magazine devoted to na- ture and its conservation." Bi- mcvnthlv in this instance means evlm two months and N0. 1. V01- ume 1. just to hand. covers Sept- Oct.. 1939. Its content: are pecu- liarlv suited to th-:-so wiho w'sh to in-silicate the love of Nature 31110718 our yoliniz folio. hv nrwtlcal meth- ods. and school mvuaeurms, aquilrlllmil. elm-eel for hearing but- terflies and insects. are d-escri-bsfl and 1l!u.~mi-d. 'I'\‘.i.=1'-:- is a full one Ill1l*l.l‘i1H(.'-\ of six of our com- mon axle", and four colored plates of game bi‘v'is: ihe lat ..r being ex- mmglu we? done. How to imam b'ue-minty of Canadian plants will very intrisruirzr to the yolmg olk. l.!‘lfI t-.°a*l‘i tlbrm mctelin of nrranwtmerlt too. '1‘-.-aches will do well to look over this rmnsirie. which is evidenff v dealmlfid to give them matter for nature talks. without. being too tedlnical. camwt be justified on the 8‘1‘01md ‘ sad as “verm.in." Tlierc is constant -conrteniixm between sportsman and trapper for the exploitation of cer- tain animals such as four. raccourl and opossum. The former wants to kill them with dog and gun. the titer, with traps. Between the two groups all forms of wildlife have be- come objects of savage pursuit either during prescribed seasons or, without, limit, at all times. The depletion of all species of by hunting and over-trsp- ping has removed one of nature's surest checks on rodents and nox- ious lnsecis and their larvae. It is evident that in the a.bsi:'r.c-9 of this natural re:-traint on destructive life forces man must, hlrnself, approxi- mate the control of bugs. beetles. and rodents. ’I‘-his he does by the use of poison sprays and poison baits but he l‘.l'.‘V€l' yet has competed suc- cessfully with the allies nature has provided for this purpose. Economic loss to the farmer from insects. alone, has been estimated by the Government to be TI-IREE BILLION dollars annually. In 1937 the Bureau of Entomology, Dept. of Agriculture, treated 20,502,000 acres with poison bait, for the infec- tion of grassllcrppers. alone. In 1938 the area treated was increased to nearly 30.000.000 acres. This re- quired 170,000 tons of poison at a cost of narly INVITATION TO DISASTER Wildlife has been decreed the courts of the land to belong all the people. It belongs to the man who benefits from it living as ‘well as to the man who benefits from it " DEAD. It becomes the right of every citizen to object. through legislative channels to trapping for profit and shooting for sport, legi- timate as these pursuits may be, if they are carried to ur_-yise extremes whereby vast numbers of human beings are indirectly. though none the less adversely, affected. SKUNK A knowledge of the food habits of mamy of the fur-beating animals must convince any geamrmble per- son that their value lies loss in the production of fur which diverts a. hundred and fifty million dollars annually into the comparatively narrow ch»a'n.nel of the fur trade, for a. commodity nine-tenths of which is not needed for protection. than it lies in their b_enef1cia.l d.i of farm, garden alrid 0l‘C1‘l'BXTI pests. Dividing mamlrnals and birds info W0 0165565. "v'e-mii.n" and "game", and allottiniz them to trapper and hunter is marking the farmer's al- lies for quick annihilation and put- ting the source of fur behind his fenogffilt spells disaster. (To be con. u NATURE WASTING No argument. for tlhe preserva- tion of wildlife can be convincing, and no program for its nestovl-artion can be complete 8.'Z1d effective with- out a change in tragvfng methods. The steel-trap commonly used for commercial tranpiiig, destmyis thousands of fur-bearers and ruins their pel-ts under the mom favor- able cimunistarlces of its use. An alnlrnal caught between the strong jaws of a steel-i-rap suffers from the time its leg is broken by the impact of the trap until it dies of starvation, thirst exhaustion. gang- rene. is eaten by another animal or gnaws its own foot off and escapes. Fifty per cent of muskraizs caught in this manlner perform the amputa- tion within 11 few hours of capture and, if they live as cripples, will not breed again. Innumerable ani- mals not desired by the trapper fall victim to his traps and are sacri- ficed to naught. The story of the trap-lirle is replete with evidence of maimed dogs, dead song and game birds. useful hawks and ow‘s and even larger game, such as moose and deer which step into bear traps. Un- like the hunter of game animals who is subjected to limits and cer- tain given devices, the trapper has few nestrl-cilcns. Generally speaking he is privileged to capture eve-ry re- maining individual of a disappear- ing species with almost any instru- ment he chooses. In only seven states is it compu.ls0r_v to visit traps and remove the catch within 24 hours. Even in these seven it is well known that the law is observed more in the breach than in the observance. _Tlre ccnvinctlori of the trapper that all fur-bearing animals are his to do with as he pleases and 1-hut any obicctlcms in his use of them. ii"c.ugh it result. in eventual d'4"fl9l"T to the l'ur'cr0n. is rnemly malicious intirlcrerloe of his rights bv puling s.cu-tim.cnia1!sEs. has ltd him to orncse salutary legislation in this fl-:l.'i. 0 MUSKRAT The Flsdoral Government has warned main and again that “you can't. go on killlmz milliora of fur a.nim.a.l5 fcrcvver without eventually coming fao: to face with their ex- t-rlmi-nafiifm." Says the Biological Survey. "'I'hr.-<9 are natural herit- arres which r|'holl~id be mane-red for all the people instead of allowing political lrrrups and sclfisll interests to ‘exploit them." 'Ih-3 Survey ad- monish-zs the States fnr their inept administration of wildlife l‘E'=.OllT0?‘l. "Even nmomz stale Con-servation and Come Commissions." it lisssrts. "there are those who look upon fur anlmrvs as 'vermln" simply because some of them feed on species of name bii-ls that hunters desire to shoot for sport .. . admin‘.-itrators of wililife seem to forget they are (-mi‘/:dr‘anr:_ not owners. of our wild- life N-solur-rev . Continued) SOME JOB! Speaking with B. gentleman whom I have known the past twelve years. I said: "You haven't missrd church in 12 years. I'd hardly have thought you a. religious man.“ I'm not particul-irlv, but it'll great to watch one man speak and Livestock - Mar.'zet Report Price changes 1111 the catt;e mall'- ket during the past week were rather few but any that were made were generaly in an upward direc- tion. Good quality killing cattle were not over plentiful and sold steady to firm. United States mar- kets are not proving particularly attractive at the moment and the classes of cattle which ordinarily find their we across the line were not being hi for very aghessively. Calves sold stronger at Montreal and steady throughout the west but, with the near filling of the annual quota on calves entering the United States, Tol'o-lilo eased off about 250. The hog market lost further ground, prices moving down from 10c to 250 as a mic, except at Montreal wiltere the decline was $1.00. Lambs also moved to lower levels, dropping off 250 10 50c. Eastern Cattle Steady to Firm Good killing quality was scarce at Toronto and sold steady to firm with weighty steers making B. top of $6.65 for one load, but mostly from $6.50 down, and good blll.Clle'l' steers and heifers bringing $6 to $6.35, with three loads at $6.50. Common to medium grades were slow and barely steady. Around 400 cattle, mostly common smokers, were un- sold at. the close. Cattle prices im- proved 259 or more at Montreal but the action of 11:; market, does not warrant heavy shipments. Good steers sold at $6.50 to $6.90 and good corws up to $5. and $5.26. Mixed Trend in Western Cattle Cooler weather favoured the sell- ing side of fire Winnipeg cattle mar- ket, and with the market getting some outside support, principally on eastern account. fairly good clear- ances were made. Good dry-fed butcher cattle are becoming scarc- er and future commitments of good light to handyweirhis are expected to make a favourable reception. but the outlet for weighty chipping cattle is anything but deiperldafole, owing to the lower trade to the south. Relatively few butcher steers were eligible to make above $6.50 at Winnipeg. with most transac- tions at $6. down. A very fair class of wleizlhty steers sold at $5.75 to $6.25. 'I‘here was a fa‘:1y good out- let for the right kinds of shocker and feeder material. with the bet- ter grades taken at $4.50 to $5. Calgary was generoly steady up to a top of $6, but with good grass but- cher steers generally $5. to $5.50. Plain stockie-r kinds closed 25c low- er, Edmonton had a fair action on most classes but lost 25c on bulls. Top steers were $5.50. Elsewhere prices were mostly unchalngied, with tops recorded at Prince Albert at $525. Moose Jew and Saskatoon $6.50, and Regina $6. Vancouver was 10: to 26c dowm, with goo-:1 steers at $5.36 to $5.50. U. S. Cattle Market Easier Ferwer Canadian cattle were dis- posed of at Buffalo this week. weighty steers sold from $7. to $7.90 butcher steers and heifers from $7 to $7.75, weighty bulls from $6.50 to $6.85. and light and plain bulls from $5. to $5.50. Canadian calves made a top of $10.50. with olfrlers as low as 57. At St. Paul. mt-dium Canadian steers were quoted up to $8, and cows and bulls mostly to 95.75. This week's exports to the United States totalled 4.183 beef cattle, 306 dairy and 2.122 calves. making the totals in date this war 122.826 beef. 7.585 ritih-,v and 64,689 calves. Exports of heavy cattle from July 1st to August, 10th. 1l."‘.d(”V‘ the third quarterly ouoia. were 34,469. Latest releases by the United Gtairr. 'I‘nensu.ry Drpartmeen show Imports of m1lV'?s from Jan-uarv 1st in Aumst Bth 1n~‘usiv.~ tots-Llinn 0'2. 640 head from all mlmtries. This n.=m‘esr.=rit.s 928"» of the annual "min. Imports of miilo wiolefiing 700 lbs. or more from .Yu‘v let to vnlv awn. uvv‘-er the third qum-tr-rlv nunfe for this class. Were" 24 726 “"34 from Canada, or 47.81’? of the quota. (‘anadllm Cattle at Glasgow cattle dism The sale of 125 Cam CRBP upon WINNIPEG. MDn.. Aug. 18 — }’LR«I‘V&rI.1l'11P,' opstmtions have been delayed flurimz the past week by heavy mills at ll number of points in Manitoba and scattered show- ers ll‘. Saskatchewan and Alberta. Wheat yields in Southern Man. ltcba are running somewhat higllcr than nl‘(‘Vl0us1y expected. accord- ing to the weekly (‘lop report. of the Department of Agriczlliurc. Canadian National Rail\vnys. l LARGE PIIP cnol» Insure 1 large crop oi healthy, vigorous pup: this year by feeding ROYAL FOX FEED Ilennlu during former lessons shown that the use of Royal with a good men. ration is the most pon- tlve way known for the rancher I secure but breeding reunite. lnrist on Royal. Ask your dealer today or In-no direct to The st. John Milling company Ltd. saint John New Bnuwlen J keep 200 women quiet!" T . SUMMAR._Y 'ex so. took place at Glas- gow on 'I‘hursd.a.y, August 10th Ottawa, August 10. Twenlty-five head of steers 9. 1510.1 or. at the current rate of ex- cilange, s.pproxi.ms.tel,y $74.40. The iialancewscafo 1,%.w1llean averagged 20. or . . ave e lb. on the 101 steers worsfii bgre.roilr’iEd 8.530 live Wt. . TheS.S.De1il.ian was due to leave Man-tzrea.l Friday, August 11th, with 472 steers and cows for Glas- gow. 'Ilhis will make the total to date this year 3,067 cattle, com- pared witlliz6,ai3hea.dint2iesa.me period last year. Calves Mostly Steady The Toronto ca1f‘m4l-rket opened steady. but with the U. S. quote 11011115’ filled, prices eased 01! 25c and good veals closed mostly at $8.50, with tops $9. Montreal opened strong and gained further strelngth, with veals ranging up to a high of $8.50. Throughout the west, trade was steady. with veals at Winni- -peg making 87. Prince t. Moose Jaw, Regina. $8. and Saskatoon Hog Prices Again Easier The Bri-tlsh bacon market ne- matned urichalnged, with Canadian Wiltslhirm at 85 to 89 ahillirigs and 93 to 98. Cariadian hams tsze-re a.ga.i.-.1 down 2 shillings, at 94 96. Opening hog prices were a shade lower at Tomnio and the market throughout at $10.50 to bacons dresseed. Any hogs w. peg was unsettled, baoons ranging from $7.65 to $7.85 f. and w. Calgary closed with bapovns at $7.85 off trucks. The close at Edmonzton was $7.40 for truck ns. Prince Albert and Saskatoon $7.26, and Moose Jew and Regime. $7.35. Van- ggllltéerr had slaughter hogs at $8. to Lamb Prices Show I-‘u,ri.her Decline Lambs at most madoir markets were around also easier and Torcinilo closed at $8.50 for good quality, Montreal at $6. to §6.50, Winnipeg 4.75 to $7. Calgary $ .50 to $8.. Ed- momton $6., Prince Albert 36.. Moose Jaw $6. to $6.25. Regina $6.50, and Saskatoon $6.25. Vancouver sold % halndyweight lalmbs at $7. to To-ronto had a. scarcity of good killing cattle in an offering of 4,859 cattle. Good killers sold steady to firm but. common to at $3. to $4.50. and cannon; and cut- ters $2.25 to $2.75. Bulls made $3.50 to $4.75. and fed calves were firm at $6.50 to $8.25, with a few $8.50. Deoevnt kinds of stoclrers brought $5. to $5.35, and culls down to $3.50. Good milkers and sxlringers, $65. to $75. each, others down to $40. Montreal cattle prices improved 25c or more on an offering of 1,308 head. Good steers made $0.50 to $6. 90, mediums $5.50 to 31.26, and com- mon doom to $4.50. Heifers were $3.25 to $5.50 and $48., and cows from $3. to $5. and $5.25 Canners and cutters sold at $226 to $2.75, and bulls from $3. to $4.50. CALI-‘ MARKETS Toronto veals opened steady but dropped 25c. good closing at $8.50. tops $9. and common down to $5. Grass-zrs brought $4. to $4.50. Ex- porters took 1100 calves. Montreal veals were stronger. rmlglzng from $5. to $8.50. Grassers sold between $3.50 and $4.50, with the bulk art 94. HOG MARKETS The Dominion 11 run totalled 52,617. compared wi ' 41.801 in the same week last year. Totals to date. this year 1,900,002, last year 1.929. 493. Toronto bacclns were a shade low- or at $10.50 to $10.60 dressed. with those sold alive at $8. off trucks. Packer's prices for direct deliveries closed as follows: Hamilton $10.25 to $10.35 for bacons dressed; and Monctcn $7.65 and $10.35. Montreal bacons were $8.25 f. and w. and $11 icvp weight. sm-znr AND LAMB MARKETS Toronto lambs were 25:: lower. good at $8.50, bucks discounted C1. and culls at $6.50 to 87. Sheep steady. $2. to $4. Montreal had good lambs at $8. to $8.50. culls $6. to $6.50, and sheep $2. to 3.50. _# Mount Allison Acodr-ml_l 'and Commert lrjil Cnllvql‘ Founded 1340 Rev. W. T. 11. Flelnlngtnn, M.A.. II. Peed. Headmaster TI-IE ACADEMY A Residential School for Boys. Both Junior and senior schools. Prepare for the Uni- versities. R.M.c.. Agriculture Colleges, Normal school, Avia- tion. etc. ~ COMMERCIAL COLLEGE For boys and girls. Secretar- ial. shorthand and Typewrit- ing. Bookkeeping, Piling etc. Residence opens septum‘ Calendar Upon Request. J SACKVILLE. N. I. I2. TIMELY NOTES ON TOPICS CONNECTED WITH Silver Fox Farming We hear of several ranchers who have discovered ‘ reads" foxes among their pups this season. Bob liuniphrey of Kensington has a. v handsomely marked white an platinum pup with an enor- mous vuliite tip—said to measure seven es and expected to be fully ten inches at maturity. Roy Woodside also has a very beautiful ring necked freak, the product. of an outside mating with one of his fem-ales. Good udges who have sum it think it of the best type. Dr, Leo Frank has some 20 pops of the freak variety and tihere is a party near I{e'.1Sl1l.:,"LOI1, whose name we have not obuiiried. who has 0. litter of five males with col- or chttraoioristics differing entire- ly from rtgiular silver blacks. It is said that this gentleman obtain- ed a price of five $400 for a full bX‘Ol.‘llr':."'s pelt one year olvlor last fall. In conversation with Clifford MaoDon.ald—I\vho by the way can cover about as much territory in twenty-tour hours as any salesgnan we know of—wc learn that the cross foxes purchased in Murray Harbor last. spring are turning out very well indeed. He believes that there are quite a number of the silver cross variety in the over 100 pups. If so they will realize big prices. as a pair of Alaska silver ‘arm sold for $510 at the New York auction tlhis season. Breeders of foxes with white markings and latirlurri foxes. etc., are not go hlwe it all their own way. k breeders are also produclnn freaks, some of the white and black variet , and oth-‘ crs with various mark rigs out of the regular. They all hope to cash in by having something different from their neighbors. A movement is ‘on foot in the United States to have a duty laced on mink pelts going into at country. Breeders are becom- ing alarmed at the tremendous spread of mink farming and visual- ize the placing of a. million mink Delis on sale in a few years time. To take care that number it would be necessary to go in for in. tensive advertising and styles creat- ion Iznd new markets. Silver fox promoters are not all dead. One Louis Payne, operating diversified fox falrnzs f an of- fice hi New York City. sued for the sum of $4,454 by Wil- lialm H. Hoffman. Hoffman the defendants took and embezzled the fund. 'Ilhe de- fendants stand is merely iumed the stock over to them as payment for six foxes in a bona. fide has been fumes irs of from sad usinoss September comes and the “pelt-1‘ . oven then retired to the dark retxegf again. Time and we have won prizes with pups taken from such an environment, while I who received a enerous measure of Old 501 were an at home. The scarcity of stmw has wus- ed mlmv ranchers to look or for a. substitute and several hav purchased marsh buy from para tles in New Brunswick. We‘sa.u some of it today and it was ve . good. no dust and a nice color. looked as flhmlgh it would bl ideal, although some consider film. it doesn't absorb moisture as we as straw. Of course when the vi time for bedding arrives there should be plenty straw as harves will be over and a. great many wi thresil their grain knowing there is a ready market for the by- product. we re.'neclnbcl' visiting a, fur fa some years ago and noticing th pens were about 15 x 25 0OV€l‘0d with lime. 'Ilhe proprietor said that It was his practice every year to lime the pens and by doing so he held cleaned out lurlgworm and be- lieved he had cut down hook worm and round worm very considerably There is no doubt a dehydrated lime or lime treated with water sq as to cause it to powder, is 1!. pow- erful disirlfectant, but I don’( lmow whether it would wise tn leave the foxes in the pens while they are covered with lime. It ha a strong burning tendency on would, I believe, affect the pads the foxes’ feet. and certainly do the fur any good if it comes contact with it. so if you decide usclimeasa. disin.fcct.a.ntIbe- have it would be ri very good is to remove the foxes for 5. w o so. V Fox farmers who are using bottom Dena or sheds raised the ground, should remember while they are relieved of quite bit of trouble from aica.nixig.,ye they are not wltogetlier salfe. Diog- pings reach the ground and a.mmor.ia. frolnthemrises and Lino ,- neutrallzed will brown the pelt E surely as if the fox was on boar floors. It is necessary, therefore, to use some disinfectant or rake re- fuse lruln under pens corltiiliially, No doubt mlmy who had bad gl- ored pelts last season on wire 0- tom floors am trace the condition to browning through ammonia Spelzklllg of ranch disirifectanrlii It will soon be time to out d says own the money on fish feeding you have been using it rather edvily. In Nova. that Hoffman Scone. where fish is plentiful and 5 cheap. the ranchers have learned } ‘ ex;pel~1eno=, that .- when transaction. The letter written to develanrng, they mgst an Hntfmaii says: "Making mone flu‘ farming is simplicity ltsc In a 5l10'!'l: time you receive 9. sub- stantial cheque for your pelts and the proceeds are usuallly larger than expected. The market is gralotically inexhaustible." Mr. ayne may not have meant any wro when he wrote that letter -rpro ablv was just optimistically untnlthful. American fox journals are full of articles on the control of dis- temper, so we presume that dis- ease must be fairly prevalent in U. S. A. Fromm Bros. through their research dcpartrnent cor.- duoted by Dr. R. G. Greene, seem to have made the most progress in arresting and stamping out the epidemic. As far as this Province is concerned we do not know of an outbreak here since 1930. so must credit ourselves as being at least partially immune. In the United States it is usually spread by dogs and mltlbronks of distem- per, or even single cases, should be communicated at once to the Department of Agriculture. Dis- temper wllion it hits a ranch is so quick and deadlv that it is very difficult to cope with. so an ounce of prevention is better than is pound of cure In connection with prevention, there is no better procedure than to keep the premises clean. Old dirt or litter, old bedding. in fact anything that can attract. insects. fleas or parasites, iil10u1d be clear- ed away and never R.ilO|\'f!d around {foxes fed a enorous diet of it do- than the premises. Don't consider that buying r. few gnllrms of disinfec- tant is an expense, Ratllcr lxk on it as part of your insurance policy aszaillst. trouble, rind lhe cost of the extra labor that is required to ‘keep your premises right can be charged up to the some heading. In two weeks more we will be will be adm will be to see that color is‘ pre- served. More and greater efforts towards cleanliness of bedding will have to be exercised. If the pups lluve a tendency to bite their tips you can credit that we-r-healed stomach and can cure -treen bone. if you are the fatty portions. Oilicr helps towards Cf)l'l'0CHnn' this trouble would be the purchase of half a. pound of cow suits at a drug store and dissolving a tea. spoonful of it in half a glut of water for six nuns. You can in- crease ihe number of telispoonlfuls according to the number of bum you have. Two or three doses will stop til) biting. but it will start again if will are using rich feed. The importance of shade during the development or the fur is, I believe. essential. W‘hi‘.e a certain amount of Hlnshlno or the use of cod liver oil is necessary during the gmwlnq period of the pup‘! life, yet when the pelt is priming’ up the less light it encounters the better Years ago before the introduc- tion of sheds. 1‘. always found that the best colored mine were the ones that had holes dug into the ground under some large tree and never came out excop after the feeder had gone in the evening. trouble to down South" *9. by cutting down on your ground L()l.lL\'fiIIl3 claims to hlwe a larger fedding production than Canada. The frg. 1 that or on whole milk. changing nres are 6.000.000 for last season. to skim-miillrporvif you are using -There int meats you will have to out off 200,000 opossum. In from fish to meat. Fish with its large caiclum content is a great builder of bone and frame and velop into rgor aninuls those whose calcium content has been insufficient. However, it is a sure thing that calcium is not a necessary element for growing good fur. so If-‘0I‘iZ‘dl1lZe your diet scheme but do rt qiadually in the early weeks of September, Among the causes of poor pro- duction and pup losses listed arr. H. Leonard at the Empire ml: Breeders’ Association meeting in San Francisco were——nest boxes too slltall. He recorlnlllends tlwt no nest box be smaller than 18 x 24. Poor ventilation of nest boxes, in. jury at birth, lack of milk due an unbalanced ration and in so cases a. hereditary inability to pro- duce suiflcient milk. Caked udde-rs. small lifters due to heredity, ab- ortion, vixens with no lit-i-er cams- od by D. sterile male, round As a. preventive treatment “fox lung vronns Mr. Leonard recom- mends sail which we also recom- mended in this column a couple of years ago He believes that a. h\lri- -' dred pounds of salt should be used for every 500 square feet of space. 1 Eamiites. fleas, coocidia which 1: a panlslte which lnllobits the in- testinai tract and cuuscs velizfiiga _ 4‘ degrees of inflatmmzitlcn. f are a riumlber of other causes men- * licned in Mr. LC0l1i1l‘d'5 lecture, which was a very informative one. A chinchilla ranch has recently been wiablished in England. thq parties owning it having gone to South America and secured breach 3 ing stock there. It may not be long - before chinchilla, pelts will be on : the nlnrket. , The total value of all crops and products for the Dominion of can- Idu reaches the enormous sum lnl-0 59-'Dteil'nlber and the pups Wm 51.000.000.000 for 1933. of that en- be 3l10W11‘1°.' 131011‘ 1’1€'W i111‘ 311d You ormous nmount finlcl crops n.mo1li:t- lrlng it. The care then ed to $528,000.000. farm lmirnnll $137,000,000, tobacco nearly $31}- 000.000. while fur inrmzmz contri- buted $7.G00,000. On: would not think that “MW! in Louisiana there would be many furs prfldured-' but - were -- 3.000.000 ,mi1sif.fliA. 100.000 rlwoooris. 100,000 mink and 40.000 .-drunks. . ,.. Reliance, Scandia. and Far- fect Choppers. Knlvoe and Plates and parts. 5 F.Vl. Lamp|ollgh.&IiIi.