Vi J; , . i i I l i saruaoay . .. g Dr. Macl-(innonMDiscusses Role Of Education In Assessing Public Opinion "Man's survival may well dewindeed. of individual thinking pend on his ability to understandiillustrates clearly how frequently public opinion. its weakncsseii.we allow our imagination to run and strengths," Dr. Frank Mac-lwiid. Crowds can be wiiinped into xinnon. principal of , Prince oflfrcnzled. but quite llloslcnl. en- Wales College. emphasized in amihusiasm by unscrupulous but address delivered last evt-nim; atiizlib tongued demaizoiiues. Willie tho annual convention dinner ofipersons are easily misled by gos- the Maritime msmute of char. sip of the most uncertain origin. fre- tcred Accountants. The dinner:Poliilcal P5)'Ch0108l5i8 WW0 was held at The chariotteiowmquently warned that iherem is H er's and was largely attended. gniurh with in Adolph Taking for his stihjcrt. ”Opinlon.dlCtum that the bigger the lie the Mar-Kin. easier it is to believe it; it is not mm 5””, pm.gm,1a,i.. vufh theidifficult to move a'mob by emo- necessity of encniiriiging young V-On Hither than file”. i people to use their heads. control: "The individual is sometimes their emotions and imagination just as illogical. 'Have you heard and seek the tnith. and Imagination." Dr. ,of John Smith? it man was asked.!said.. more useful and satisfying in ma tha.n any number of facts and ideas without' it. "Truth is very illusivs and it is extremely easy to tell complete falsehoods without telling a lie. In other words the human mind can deceive itself with alarming facilty. witnesses in a law court. for example, will swear in al sincerity to things which never happened. An outstanding case involvrlng a. traffic accident brought a respectable lady who had seen the accident into the witness box. A pedestriian had been hit by a car and witness was asked to indicate the speed of the car. she said that she was standing on the inside rail of I. double street car track and when the car passed she jumped back and was then standing nn the inside rail of the other track. "Counsel asked her if she was absolutely sure and she vehement- ly upheld the truth of her state- ment. even after counsel pointed out that. had she done what she she a very stout woman. had I y'Ycs', he replied 'he was a. terrlbleperiormed a standing backward hon” S! tr” 9”" "m'”"1 ”' di-iinkard.' iNo,' said the other, eighteen-foot. jump. surely a Mbm” M ”"" mmm” 7””'”al 15 'he never drank in his life. He world athletic record! i his imagination." he poiiited out! . . id ( H T "It enables him to drcani and nis;lsi;si,f:f5..;,?;t.s”,t. ";,Me"3::”'1',f: Psychologists consider them- selves trained observers and stu- d"'”” 11”” cam” hm ihmmihisponsc, ll knew he had some con--dents of human nature. But like m'mV "h"i"'"""'3 ""9 the 139' nection with liquor! One of the:the rest of us they can easily de- sfenlgg :(:o(:m1:l:i':rJ”5itt””;Pqlf;:iunfortitnate characteristics oficeive themselves. A convention of 4- i W lm.-in is this tendency to fill in psychologists once met near the careful use and cniistant. chock toiwhat he down." knnw with his me Ox 3 nmsquemdeg The dam. 97"?” imuimmn" 1"” go” emotion or imagination. was suddenly opened and in rush- ting (Yl1l"r of control or from rar- ' . ed R down land R negmg The two ?ng:::lnafg0g"S5(;;:5u'; 1?? m'h"” nP'""'" stopped in the middle of the hall ' l V . . f hi 1' 1-. l tr - confined by common sense. i 'w'. Sh" H” 1" mmouanc aliIPd0::g1VR5 l:i'!i.::)lAiriTerthtehes ltlifo t-ounii-ics rlazm that government it ' l i were taken out of the hall the ”A study of public opinznn, and :: should be based on the free opera. rim of public opinion. it is logical. therefore. to require that public opinion be carefully understood and that its weakncsses be ap- preciated. lln our liidivldual lives. 900- practically everytliing we do depends on the exercise of our Judgnieiit; how weak this judg- ment can be at times should be of personal concern. The study mass coinmuiiication and individ. iial whim is one of the prerequl. sites of success in any field. "'I'1'le World is so big that living creatures are able to comprehend "WV .3 ”".V Dortion of it and their 7lblililPS are limited by" this Colo:-1 . sal lgnnrarice. A polar bear wouldy 3 out of 40 choose IIOIISEIIOLD FINANCE - i he obvioiisly bewildemi If 1,, were suddenly thrust into a meet-i in: of chartered accountants. al- ih0UEh Perhaps if he came often 9"0UF1h hepmlaht Ret use'. to it. I-lurnans, like polar bears. have a limited range of experience, but they have. niany means by which the gaps in their k'ill0lll'il'dge are filled-literature. art. radio. news. Papers. advertising and others, "Indeed the vast proportion I Yes, thousands of men and women with money problems come to ill-'C -HOUSEHOLD Finaxci-2-hccaiise they know that l-IFC means depend- able money service. backed by 73 ye.-irs' experience. Of. chairman told the assembled psy- chologists that they should write down what they saw so that their reports could be used as evidence of the crime. i "When the reports were col- tlected the spectators in the grue- lsome event were told it had all been carefully staged to test their powers of observation. Their em- ibarrasmeni could be understood iwhen it was found that of forty ;observei's none had reported the correct facts; six were approxim- iately right: twenty-four were ihalf right. and ten were entirely wrong. llnclici-lied lmagina tinn "What is the explanation of such iallibility of human under- standing? The most logical seems to be that we see so little that we tend to fill in the gaps in our minds with pupa imagination; we frequently act, not on what we see, but on what we think we see. The trouble comes when we do this so rcadily and so unconscious- ly that we fail to distinguish be- is fact and what is 1 ton we tend to look THE GUARDIAN. the same points. Keri and women do many things. wear certain types of clothes. and believe cer- tain ideas. not so much because they do so of th own accord. but rather because it is fashion- able. And fashions can change at the slightest whim or be tyran- ous characteristics of society. of- at the per- son who la not in style as eccen- tric; sometimes we rush to Ia new fad with ardour; sometimes we adhere to an old one despite urgent need for change. Again those who deal with public opin- ion know how set or how fickle it can be. The person who can mani- pulate or take advantage or the human tendency toward fads and fashions is in an excellent posi- tlon to wield power over public opinion. "rliese considerations lead to three conclusions, personal, edu- cational and political. "Each person spends a period of years as a tiny part of a com- plex society and he owes ,ccrtaln allegiances to his world and to his Creator. That is human life. He is not in a position to under- stand everythlng. but is he not obligated to understand as much as possible. since reason was pro- vided him for the purpose? The satisfaction which he will gain from his life will depend, among other things. upon his ability to follow a purpose in life which he understands and which will bring hmmm Iknowye ,- tween what At H0l7SEllOi.h FiNANcs: any hand and muchdifjf magi: 1:30": imagination. when emotion ob- CnlpiO)'e('ifllIli'lfll'Willllnlll'll2l)hflrfhw ispcnf, "mini ,0 undmismnd if sctires the whole process our :50 in satin or more Without What do we know about President WW5 F” ”w”x”" W ”"m9d""'r cndnrscrs or banknblo scciirity. Tmmim ””"'l ih-"ll Wilt" is told ly,.lmpa1"d' .. HTWSEI-l0Ihl:l.V.tNt'PZ'FrPl'llliIlli0nl5 "5 by "h5e."'e”? "O W” ””"3' Asalesmem . "cashew Holm- huilt nn irirnrllv courteous st-rvirc iknmv amlthmg at n" about Ru5' cums" Clernmem emermmem - .3 . stay and how can the mlssian.inewspapermen. and others who the kind of scryirc you want when tmssibh. undersmnd us? Whv do dear Wm, humans in the mass you need mnncv. lwc use a certain io,.,ghp,N,. or know the tremendous importance Many rii-atnmcrs tcil iisilir-y Llmv n pnrtictilar l'Illl'lill'Y stock. of imagination and the emotion e!PCCia1i,l'lii.cniirrt”D:it'iiiciit Dlanrm d.” W" k"”w 'h" ("N5 ”b0Ui which smnumt.e5 n' A smring "' fciihcr? Whv miisi Paris fashions Terence to Sir Wilfred Laurler arranged to fit their income. with up ..tl2'imOflii1Sirlri”pilV inrfpm mp huvinz hnhns M Am" Lori:-aii lioiiKml'ives'? Do we actual- ”. M”",m,w unnuusurnyg. lllv iiiirlerstnnd wliv we holrl some in a political speech will muse the enthusiasm of loyal Liberals; a hammer and sickle, swaslica. ma- R . I U y g lot Illlt' most cht-i'isl1cd brliefs? Die leaf. or picture of John Bull "i if ”"' M" "W4 iafh im ""3' i ''In so many things wn niiist;ll'”1 Siillllllllit? l)3U'i0ivlC 188111113: worthwhile niirpnsr. ivr inviic you Wirlmii that we rely on others tolttnd the statements of successful tODi'lOT1P.Wflif'1lrVlMlfl'l(ln(”j.'.i'iQ- fill in the gaps in our r-xpcrionceimovie stars seem to sell almost penrlahlr iinixpjulllll l?iNAx'tF.. Wliile tbcv rely nn still others in R jany soap or cosmetic. Y 1 I b . - K -. yiirwrr ciidznrz circle. is 1- star-tinr;f "Such symbols can serve a good ne:ix-2:; t-fumnc mklmgthcunkg W"l(”.il1lPS in ace liov: litilc con-ynlld "Semi 1311713059; but they Call ' 3 l ;li"iT wn have over what we know also be used to fool the people noun WHEN YOU NEED ITI mild What W0 do. who HCCPDE Ihfm by creating a Canada's older! and largest Consumer RCO. E(lll('3"0" ihae Finanu Organization - than is the clue to real '.1llfllliC(lE9. real ctlucntzon. if ythcre are such things. Educa- itinn is not nicrt-ly the acquisition ”HPi'P Q9 HOUSEHOLD FINANCE cance of symbols which sooth the ieye. the car or the fancy is funda. lmemill in Sellim: izoods or ideas. "To appreciate what is symbol and lwliat is fact is a prerequisite to I50 drug 5...... 5,...” of facts and ideas. not merely the. C M, lh Y. gut" 1 "'0" ",2 lcnrinii: of t-ertiiin technical pro-is '7 Jum- cuulonnown pcsscs - these are very uncertain" WSW 15 ",mmPl"" 9V”'.l"d0.l' "mm? '05 MM nW;”:;"'.'n"' ,in an iiiiccrtain world, Fundamen- :2te"tCR"l:""I whlfh, '5 Ih-'”'"l1953 if . g .. , mmMd.,Mmd”,”,"wMW" tn: cdiiriit.inii .l5 actually the.abil- that MM" 00 '-F.Ii0US). Tllcv fact ity to discriminate. to choose thei A hm” ii D8lllCl1lill' SVIVINF. YHI rustic SINCE ml . W” I (ant r am the 1 , 1 1 t s . i A 7 r l'li' a . n lscck the truth. This ability is far In 4.9 Seconds A Giraffe flan Run IOO Yards... But in Only TWO SECONDS ASPIRIN is ReadvTo Golb Work! .l MAKE THIS TEST! l 10 no-luv Out It's rocdy Io W no to welt, drop on Aspirin I cause In a plan el wave: and lac In dlslntofctlag speed. What honest: la the glue ' gushes: can prices paid ----M ..::..-." re 3:. .. tal ad For use Relief rm Netirltlc, ;i",,.;:',;,, 'l "'"' lawman!- . - to-um-un...i9. ' honolyhiootll "IQ NIIIIII-.9.I1"-.-.-7'0 . ' - - ' 1'. av. x 'drcss at a party. or MY. B. was re. ported as scekiiiz political ap- ilJo:ntint-iit. are very sirznlflcant Ifacls when whispered over the back fence or at the cliili. Often isuch news is acct-pted and enjoyed as rumor. But when it is passed on in garbled form as fact and iii. 'lovi-cd to grow out of all propor. ption to its truth and significance. fit becomes a public menace. It is l5l”'l?l'lS1nR how gullible people can lbe in acccptlng what is pure flc. ltlon and basing their opinions and actions on it. Again the rem- edy is an enquiring mind which questions before accepting. Fads and Fashion: "Pads and fashions illustrate KINE IIIJLE COFFEE 0 Hill I'll llllIlI1' IHIVIII : GET III THE SCRAP - WITH YOUR SCRAP I . i i ii ii 'i. l ! I CHARLOTTETOWN i OCPOBER 13. 1951 btmhappinau. I!!! to M- "lI'un' the ata.nQoint of out- come oanausuttn a word of mu mime: tonislit. It is an oblivi- ideas. emotions. theories, ,loyal- tion of teachers to encourage ties which are gleaned from youngpeopla to use their headl. books. radios. speeches, newa- control their emotions and ima- papcrs. and endless numbers of societies of all kinds. What all men need in direction. "One answer is clear thinking gination and emotion. Whether a man be a kins or a cottager. an Albert Bweitzcr or the Miller on the Dec. a Socrates who 'knows himself' or a farmer who loves his land as a gift from God. his hap- piness will depend largely on his control of himself and of his ideas. A Task for Education "Here then is a task for educa- tion. Educatlon is not merely the accumulation of facts and ideas: what good are they if a person can't use them? Nor is it training for a Job. for success in any Job requires far more than vocational training. The primary purpose of education is to develop the indivi- dual so that he can think for him- self and to give him sufficient knowledge to increase the range of his mind. The amount of brains and of knowledge does not indi- cate the quality of education: great or little) that denotes s5. rather it is the extent to which one uses the brains and know- ledge which one has (whether the cducai ed man. quired. . . . Take combined with control over iina- ins gination and seek the truth. With- out such instruction the conven- tional school and college subjects are Just so much window dress- "This is also a challenge for profesaional bodies. like you who meet here tonight. For you have a major share of the determina- tion of tho standards of training and professional conduct in your field. and each such group is re- sponsible for an important phase of public business. Young recruits to accountancy. law, medicine. theology. teaching and so on should be trained to understand that these professional activities are not merely means of. making a living. but ways of serving peo- ple, the nation and the world. "It is their responsibility. not only to understand clearly the processes of their professions. but also to appreciate the signifi- cance of these in the society which will look to them for lead- ership. Professional bodies and educational authorities have done much together in this respect but the future will require even great- er co-operation. or Vital Importance "Flinally, the impact of opinion Delivery of Your ly or monthly installments and imagination on the political world should be continually cm- 20th, inc.) SPECIAL SPECIAL SPECIAL SPECIAL Rug. . . phaslsed. have inspired some of man's greatest achieve- ments and they have caused some of his disastrous failure. Public opinion now plays a. vast part in national and world affairs and whether it is enlightened or be. wildored public' opinion now de- pends on so many factors, "Indeed. man's survival may well depend on his ability to un- derstand public opinion, it's weak- nesses and imbllc onlnlon. roqiiiias cum control of the imagination "Id motion which Inch it. . "In times like they mm am not allow their opinions an inn. gination-to link them in a mu, of Hill-considered tuoludlosa am misconceptions. or wildcrmerit. permit these qualities to any strengths. certainly them on through a search foi- democracy, which depends so fun- truth to a still higher and gun. damantally on an Street. ' Rugs from l35.00.to l55.00- Rugs from l65.00 to l99.00-- as-aoeoaasasa Rugs from 2i5.00 to 295.00- .....-........'.'.s H OLM ANiS Both Sttires Oiiers ils3o,ooo.oo Worth at Fined WILTON and AXMINSTER HUGS . y TERRIFIC SAVINGS! p For One Week Only Sat. Oct. 13tlt Through Sat. Oct. 20tlt NO ordinary Rug Sale this! Many of these fine quality minster Rugs have been in s permits and SO they must GO! of all sizes and colors-Rugs th the decor was planned around them. over these days AND during this Rug Sale Week (October You'll get wonderful VALUES! Look At These Savings! Rugs from 60.00 to 85.00- CIIOIIICIIIOIIII. Rugs from lI0.00 to l25.00- oown Reserves ANY RUG on rs. HOLMAN LAY-A-WAY PLAN Then make small weekly or monthly payments till the required Down Payment has been so- Completc paying for it while yqti use it-the.weck- - are eesy to" take care of! enlightened or level of human T. NOTICE TO (lllli CUSTOMERS We have in stock and arriving daily many of the parts we had before the fire of August 18th in the Riley Bldg., on Queen Street. to take care of engine trouble, carburetor and electri. cal repairs in the Vocational School ion Cumberland (Temporary Quarters Only). Briggs and Stratton Engines in stock from One to Eight horsepower. BATT and Mai:IlAE LTD. i tock longer than our Merchandising Policy , In the collection to be cleared are Rugs E at are sure to fit into your home as if VALUE is what counts, more than ICHMVGEIM." We are also equipped Wilton and Ax- 13th to the s . ..y-,Iiu.iaststEst.yIttsysAtE M in Years--.Iloa't Ills: It!