Jqpupieie wmfl endeavour to demonstrate in a 
     
     re nu_mbsr.- - 
     
    
   
   
    
       
     
    
   
   
    
     nhszannm Gaznrrn 
     
    
   
   
    
     Saturday, September 8, 1856. 
     
    
   
   
    
     Scarcely a day sses that some person or 
     
     other is not hear making the following in- 
     
     uiry. “ I am anxious to make a remittance, 
     
    
   
   
    
     can you tell me where I can get Nova Scotia or 
     
     New Brunswick £5- notes! ’ To which we, 
     
     when the question is addressed to us, usually 
     
     reply “ go to the Bank.” as the Bank Bill 
     
     oouie out assented to? is the rejoinder. We 
     
     never swear, it is against our creed, but if any- 
     
    
   
   
    
     thing could tempt one to the use of a few ex-‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     pletives, it is at absence of enterprise, that 
     
     want of confidence that seems characteristic of 
     
     the Island. A single-'oint stock company 
     
     might be organized wit out any trouble, and 
     
     would in our opinion, work better an an in- 
     
     corporate body formed under the auspices of 
     
     any Act of the Assembly. Let live, six or more 
     
     men, of undoubted capital join together, and 
     
    

    
     t each assign in a deed of trust a certain 
     
     portion of landed property as a securit each to 
     
     the other, and to the public for the redemption 
     
     of such notes as they might issue in the course 
     
     of their trade, and let them open a bank of dis- 
     
     count and deposit, and with re r care and 
     
     management, an immense deaf 0 good would 
     
     accrue to the people in eneral, and they them- 
     
     selves and their ofiicers e handsomely remun- 
     
     erated. s to risk, we see none in the world. 
     
     In a small community like this, every man's 
     
     means are sufiiciently well known to prevent 
     
     the managing directors of the bank from ad- 
     
     vancing, to an thing like a ruinous extent, upon 
     
     the per ten ered. a contrary line of conduct 
     
     won (I most likely be adopted and excessive 
     
     caution would be rather the characteristic of 
     
     its operations than rashness and temerity. 
     
     And so far as the public is concerned. this 
     
     would be rather a benefit than otherwise. 
     
     There would be less risk of imprudent specula- 
     
     tors getting into the market, and trading upon 
     
     a fictitious capital, to the injur of the prudent 
     
     honest man. In ajoint-stock ank where each 
     
     individual is pledged, not only for the share he 
     
     has in the concern, but liable to answer all 
     
     claims upon it to the amount of his whole 
     
     property, real and personal, it may safely be 
     
     presumed, that there will be no want of due cau- 
     
     tion, while in an incorporated one or where the 
     
     directors are commonly among the richest men, 
     
    
   
   
    
     who if they lose the whole of their shares In‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     the bank will not be irretrievably ruined, the 
     
    
   
   
    
     same degree of minute care and attention’ 
     
    
   
   
    
     cannot be ex cted. One of the principal ob- 
     
     stacles wi.th some people is the fear of a sudden 
     
     run for old and silver. Now nothing of the 
     
     aort—un ess trade and commerce should 
     
     he suddenly and miraculously augmented and 
     
     hardly then—can by any possibility take lace. 
     
     People who suficr their minds to be a ected 
     
     with fears of such a crisis, could not, if they 
     
     were asked, tell how it could be brought about. 
     
     They forget the limited extent of our trade, and 
     
     consequently the comparatively small amount 
     
     of capital that is necessary to serve asa medium 
     
     of exchange.. They seem to think, that a com- 
     
     any of bankers coin a quantity of money in 
     
     the shape of bank notes, which is spent, or it 
     
     may be lavished on their own personal aggran- 
     
     dizement. The sli htest attention to the ope- 
     
     rations of a ban ing establishment would 
     
     shew them, that ample security is taken for the 
     
     repayment of every note that is issued in the 
     
     course of its business. First, with respect to 
     
     deposits. It needs no great head-piece to dis- 
     
     cover, ifa person leaves in my custody a sum 
     
     of mono , that I run ' no great risk in paying 
     
     him bac his money in small sums as he may 
     
     require it, nor if I can safely make 20 per cent. 
     
     by using it, that I can afford to pay him 3, 4, 
     
     or even 5 per cent., and be a gainer. Then as 
     
     to discount, a man in good credit comes to the 
     
     bank counter and tenders his own note for one, 
     
     two, or three hundred pounds with two gfiid 
     
     indorsers payable at three months. If accepted 
     
     notes of the bank to that amount are counted 
     
     out to him deducting the three months’ interest 
     
     in this stage of the transaction, there is only a 
     
     change of one kind of paper security for 
     
     another, at the end of the three month’s the 
     
     money lent is repaid, if in the notes of the 
     
     bank, the latter is 'ust were it was before the 
     
     transaction, if repa d in specie, treasury notes 
     
     or the paper of t e adjoining Colonies the bank 
     
     is still secured for its out-lying notes, with the 
     
     additional advantage of being able to accommo- 
     
     date customers who may be in need of remit- 
     
     tances or who may be leaving the Island. And 
     
     herein consists the benefit to the community, 
     
     those who have occasion to draw upon forei 
     
    
   
   
    
     countries, go to the bank and get the value or most 
     
     their bills, generally as they have occasion for claim ng such as are manifest beacons to all, 
     
     it, those who wish to remit,go tojthe same place of their weakness and downward career. 
     
    

    
     y either in the notes of ‘ I, however, regard the faithful proclamation 
     
     the bank or in other money, so that in cvery_ofths Goa l as the rimary and only electual 
     
     transaction the bank receives afsnginc, w ich is in 
     
     quid pro quo. Now were a properly constituted’ unto Salvation,” and which can alone work out 
     
     establishment of the kind here, there would be‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     and purchase and 
     
     phase of the 
     
    
   
   
    
     no running about afternstes, the bank would‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     be a market at which these things were bought 
     
     and sold sud--customers would resort thither. 
     
     im ' ' of a ruinous demand for 
     
    
   
   
    
     .‘ H 
     
    
   
   
    
       [HASZ_A,RD'S GAZET 
     
    
   
   
    
     TEMPERANCE. 
     
    

    
     On Friday the 10th inst., a Committee ap- 
     
    

    
     pointed by the Blooming Rose Oivision, of the 
     
     . of T.,Belfast, waited in Pinnetts Manse upon 
     
     the Rev. A. M‘Kay, M. A., new Minister of 
     
     St. John's Church, with the 
     
     siiniirss: 
     
    

    
     To the Rev. Alexander M‘Kay. M. A., Minis- 
     
     ter of the Established Church of Scotland, &c. 
     
    

    
     Reverend and Dear Sir ; 
     
    

    
     The undersigned inhabitants of Belfast, con- 
     
     nected with the Order of the Sons of Temper- 
     
     ance, beg leave to congratulate you upon your 
     
     safe arrival amongst us, and our assumption. 
     
     of the Pastoral charge of the Presb terian 
     
     Con regation of Belfast. That your abours 
     
     fort e spiritual and temporar welfare of this 
     
     section of the Lord‘s vineyard may. with the 
     
     Divine blessing, prove a source of pleasing 
     
     satisfaction to yourself and of lasting benefit 
     
     and cdificationto all classes of your hearers 
     
     and church members, is our most sincere and 
     
     earnest prayer. 
     
    

    
     We cannot,'however, permit the present op- 
     
     portunity to pass without remarking, that we 
     
    

    
     ave long been convinced, that the most serious 
     
     and formidable obstacle to the progress of 
     
     religion and vital piety in this community. is 
     
     be ound in the long-established drinking 
     
     customs of society, in which down toavery 
     
     recent period, all classes have been wont to in- 
     
    
   
   
    
     following- 
     
    
   
   
    
     8 
     
    
   
   
    
     D- 
     
     —- 
     
    
   
   
    
     u go. 
     
     We have, however, lately felt it to be our 
     
     duty to seek the suppression of these pernicious 
     
     customs, by petitioning for the enactment of a 
     
     ' Law to prohibit the i ortation, manufacture, 
     
     ;and sale of intoxicating iquors of every dcscri - 
     
     gtion, except for mechanical, medical, and re i- 
     
     -gious purposes. In the further prosecution of 
     
     ,this object, our Brethren, the Members of the 
     
     {Blooming Rose Division will feel happy to se- 
     
     gcure your valuable iii and co-operation, and 
     
     ,should we be so fortunate, we have no doubt 
     
     _ that im ortant and most satisfactory effects 
     
     ._will be t e result. ‘ 
     
     We are, 
     
     , Rev. and Dear Sir, 
     
     Yours very truly, 
     
    

    
     ' (Sigped on behalf of DONALD i\l‘Do.\'iii.n, W. P. 
     
     ,the .R.D..S. ol"l‘.) $I'IEC'l‘0R Moaaisou, R. S. 
     
     I Belfast, August 10th, 1855. 
     
     .~ To which the llov. Gentleman made the fol- 
     
     lowing- 
     
    
   
   
    
     REPLY 2 
     
     To the Membcrsfoi" the Blcomilngl Rose Divi- 
     
     .sion, of the Sons 0 ' cniperunee, ie fast. 
     
     l Gentlemen; . 
     
    

    
      I beg to thank you very heartily for the vcrys 
     
     friendly reception which you are pleased to 
     
     Egive me as Pastor of the Belfast Congregation. 
     
     I do assure you that it is my anxious and ear- 
     
    

    
     " nest desire, and it shall be my unwearicd aim 
     
     —in dependence on divine aid, to promote the 
     
     spiritual, and as a conse uence, the torn oral 
     
     well-being of all to wlgimd may be priliii cged 
     
     toministcr—an it ii or s me no sma inci- 
     
     pient satisfaction and encouragement to have 
     
     the assurance of the “sincere and earnest 
     
     pra ers" of you, who are actuated with the 
     
     phi anthrppip‘ atnd clli‘risti_an ln0fIl\'C8 ell; sesking 
     
     o romo e e rue appincs o your re iern. 
     
     It ii, at the same time, with much sorrow, that 
     
     I am informed of the long and established 
     
     ttil:'in‘l_riiitg fhalgitsh pf ipanybot; this compliunity, 
     
    

    
     e ac c w ic ias een ii on rcccn y veri- 
     
     lied—as I am otherwise credibly informed,- 
     
     so vast a quantity of ardent spirits having been 
     
     purchased and disposed of or consumed in one 
     
     or two neighbour-ingdistricts.h This vast expen- 
     
     diture of means which miwht ave been devoted 
     
     to charitable or religious piirposes,to say nothing 
     
     of the many clumant evils which usually follow 
     
     {ii the tratin of tfiie ctxceséiiveopsenpf _lnt:).IliileCl1l.ll)li% 
     
     iquors i appe rs om n o yjusi s u 
     
     loudly calls upon every tine lover of humaiiity, 
     
     and upon all who feel the least interest in the 
     
     glory of God, to make vigorous and united 
     
     cfi'orts, both by precept and example to en- 
     
     courage Abstinence and Temperate habits. 
     
     ;Could the Sons of Temperance by thei teady 
     
     {and friendly co-operation, convince a those 
     
     -who drink less from love of a tracing desire, 
     
     ,than from what is usually termed sociaIi'ty— 
     
     fwho perha s form the majority—that it is us 
     
     'nianly an spirited, yea that it would evince 
     
     'mueh' more true moral tness, to abstain 
     
     ‘from such (so called) social practices, for the 
     
    

    
     cod of others, as well as with the view to the 
     
    

    
     ; tter appropriation of the means entrusted to 
     
     them by the Author of our ever good gift, it 
     
    

    
     could not but produce a renovating and healthy 
     
    

    
     atmosphere, which must eventually operate 
     
    

    
     werfully as a secondary means, in re- 
     
    
   
   
    
     d “ the power of God 
     
    
   
   
    
     the complete salvation of man from every vice, 
     
     and tha of intemperance with the rest, as not 
     
     requirfipghtlhc least an rhudmari in.liiuence;and 
     
     eve y coieci an sari-i out tem- 
     
     rhynessmovamsiit, for the amelioration of our 
     
     rstbrsn. as one of the real and prac- 
     
    
   
   
    
     'I‘E, SEPTEMBER 8. 
     
    
   
   
    
     to the true heaven-born spirit of caring not 
     
     merely for our own‘ interest, but likewise ‘Jr 
     
     the interest of our fellow-men. It has, there- 
     
     fore, often occurred to me, that the real cause 
     
     of failure in Temperance Societies—-where they! 
     
     have failed—has been owing to the radical evil 
     
     of regarding the Gospel as merely an auxiliary 
     
     instead of iving it the first place in their esti- 
     
     mation, an in putting their main reliance in 
     
     merely human efforts. But when Tom erance 
     
     Societies are formed, such as it is elievcd 
     
     yours is, with truly noble and charitable de- 
     
     signs of seeking to promote the highest interests 
     
     of your kinsmen, the dissemination of vital 
     
     religion, and the glory of God. relying solely 
     
     for your success in the divine blessing resting 
     
     on your elforts, the object you have in view 
     
     must pros er and it will prosper ; for the great 
     
     Father an Friend of our race has engaged to 
     
     prosper His own works, and those who honour 
     
    

    
     im, he has promised to honour. Should you, 
     
     then, be disappointed, at times, with the relapse 
     
     of some and the consequent taunts of others, 
     
     such must only serve-to show you the inellici- 
     
     enc of human means and that self dependence 
     
     stil cleaves to your best cfibrts; and the ne- 
     
     cessity of rel ing more implicitly for steady 
     
     success in lim, who alone can stablish and 
     
     strengthen ourselves and others in every ood 
     
     purpose and work. And I cannot refrain rom 
     
     expressing my matured conviction, that were 
     
     the truly ions and devoted, in every such 
     
     society. to 'oru~ social prayer meetings for the 
     
     divine blessin in their eflorts to advance the 
     
     great virtue ot tem erancc, instead of making 
     
     them outward disp ays, which are, sometimes 
     
     made sole] for the sake of -display, there 
     
     would, douhtless, be more general grounds for 
     
     humble rejoicin sand less frequent cause for 
     
     sorrow over the apsed. 
     
    

    
     Like yourselves, I am not prepared to de- 
     
     nounce the use of spirituous liquors in every 
     
     shape and form, as I believe it has its medici- 
     
     nal- virtue. 
     
    

    
     [shall only add that I conceive it to be a 
     
     sacred duty to employ my humble elforts, 
     
     taking the powerfu instrument with which 
     
     God has intrusted me, to oppose an evil so 
     
     ruinous to soul and body as t at of intemper- 
     
     ance, and _I rejoice in having your highly rc- 
     
     spectable co-operation so promptly offered. 
     
    

    
     Yours very trul , 
     
     A. .hI"Kiv. 
     
    

    
     Pinette Manse, Aug. l0tli, 1855. 
     
    
   
   
    
     440$‘ 
     
    
   
   
    
     'l‘o Tits Bnrroa or liasz/liin’s GA1I‘I"l‘lE., 
     
     Sir,—I have been recently put in possession 
     
     of the Report of the Visitor of Schools, and 
     
     from the magnitude of its dimensions and the 
     
     iiiiportaiicc ofits author, [anticipated no small 
     
    
   
   
    
     some honorable exceptions.” Whether these 
     
     honorable exceptions hold their situation in 
     
     teachers merely from accident or because their 
     
     employers possess a better sense of things than 
     
     their more unfortunate neighbours, the sapieng 
     
     Visitor does not state, though by employing ., 
     
     few remarks on this head, he might have mndg 
     
     a very good business of it. But it is uite easy 
     
     to show that the statements of the isitor are 
     
     incorrect. iidmit, that with respect to edu- 
     
     cation the people of this Island may be behind 
     
     those of some ot‘u-i- countries whose settlement 
     
     is of more our-iv,-nt date, and whose inhabitant; 
     
     possess reater advantages.’ But hoving my- 
     
     self tang tfor several years in an adjacent ro- 
     
     vince. and now on this Island, and havin re. 
     
     sided sufficiently long in both places.to an 
     
     acquired a thorough acquaintance with their 
     
     res ective circumstances, Ifeel confident, that 
     
     had) the people of this Island been settled down 
     
     on similar terms, and enjoyed equal advantage; 
     
     with their neighbouring colonists, they would 
     
     not be found behind them in education, wealth, 
     
     or respectability. But to come directly to the 
     
     roof,_the expressions of the Visitor are entire. 
     
     iy gratuitous, the inhabitants of this Island 
     
     havin never declared that the sentiments pub- 
     
     lishe in the School Report asfiheir sentiments 
     
     on the subject of education are those which 
     
     they entertain. On the contrary they have 
     
     always shown, that they regarded literature as 
     
     an object which is desirable and useful. As in 
     
     all newly settled laces, Schools have been sup- 
     
     rted on this Is and for a considerable period 
     
     y the voluntary contributions of its inhabi- 
     
     tants. As soon also as the finances of the coun- 
     
     try adinitted of aid being iven to schools, pub- 
     
     lic attention was directed’ to the sub'cct—the 
     
     Central Academy was get up in Char ottetown 
     
     for training the youth of the Island for school- 
     
     teaching and other employments—a Board of 
     
     Education was formed of gentlemen possessing 
     
     a high share of literary and scientific informa- 
     
     tion for the purpose ofascertaining and certify- 
     
     ing the competence of teacliers—und ator about 
     
     the sometime, public aid was ranted to Schools 
     
     throughout the Island. An , more recently, 
     
     the Legislature has passed the " Free Educa- 
     
     tion Act,” which provides for the instruction 
     
     of the children of all classes of the community 
     
     upon equal and cos terms; and by virtue of 
     
     the provisions of this “ Act" the author of the 
     
     School Report now resides on the Island and 
     
     rcccivesa yearly saliir from its overnment. 
     
     Now. then, I would as how, in tie ver face 
     
     of all these facts, the School Visitor coul have 
     
     hazarded the publication 0 such a wanton, 
     
     reckless, and slanderous untrutli, as that the 
     
     inhabitants of this Island have neither sense 
     
     nor dis )0Sll.l0l] to appreciate the education of 
     
     their 0 spring. It is extreme] dillicult teac- 
     
     count for the. conduct of the isitor upon any 
     
    
   
   
    
     gratification from the perusal of its pages. 
     
     Before proceeding liir however, I became im- 
     
     pressed with the truth of the adage, “ All is 
     
     not gold that glitters." and it is needless to 
     
     say, that iuy first transport soon gave way to 
     
     an emotion which I shall not name. From 
     
     beginning to end, the Report contains much 
     
     that is inadmissible as coming froui the pen 
     
     of the School Visitor, and of one who, besides 
     
     the expense of his passage from Britain, rc- 
     
     ccives an annual salary, which might secure the‘ 
     
     services ofa man who would till the oflice wit 
     
     more credit to himself, and greater satisfaction 
     
     to the community. ’ 
     
    

    
     The tirst thing contained in the Report which 
     
     claims special attention is comprised in the 
     
     following expressions, " Nothing can be more 
     
     erroneous t.h'.in to suppose that amongst an ig- 
     
     norant population, where the standard of edu- 
     
     cation is ow, an unintelligent and illiterate 
     
     Sclioohnaster is good enough for unenlightened, 
     
     uninstructed children. 'l‘liis would be to as- 
     
     sume that high motives. energy of character, 
     
     a good understanding, and sound attainments, 
     
     would be thrown away on the instruction and 
     
     training of those who mestrequire to be taught; 
     
     that an ignorant teacher is good enough for 
     
     ignorant children, as though the iuore diflicult 
     
     task to be accomplished, and the router the 
     
     result to be achieved, the less eliicient should 
     
     be the means employed. I am sorry to say 
     
     that such seems to be the im ression in this 
     
     Island. Icould scarce have believed, that there 
     
     could have been in any part of the world so 
     
     numerous a stall‘ of teachers, where so few had 
     
     even the shadow of a qualification for their 
     
     iuiportant ollice. With some honorable excep- 
     
     tions, here and there, the education of the 
     
     children of this community is in the hands of 
     
     beardless youths, and of uneducated, untrained 
     
     men of every age and calibre. A meagre know- 
     
     ledge of English grammar, geography, arithme- 
     
     tic and mensuration, with scarce the power to 
     
     write a sentence grammatically or orthographi- 
     
     cally correct. in preposterous title to. the oilioe 
     
     ofa Schoolmaster.” 
     
    

    
     The above quotation must cxpress truth or 
     
     falsehood If it express truth, the people of 
     
     this Island must be in II state of degradation 
     
     far below that of any other known part of the 
     
     civilised world. A ording to the ipsc din‘: of 
     
     the Visitor of Schoo s, they are notable to dis- 
     
     tinguish a qualified teacher from a blockhead, 
     
     an as a corroboration of his assertion, be 
     
    
   
   
    
     this communi is in the hands of beardlcss 
     
    
   
   
    
     youths, and o -uneducated, untrained men of 
     
    
   
   
    
     I rpprd _ 
     
     tical fruits o the Gospel, inciting the movers 
     
    
   
   
    
     -4.! 
     
    
   
   
    
     every age and calibre, with here and there, 
     
    
   
   
    
     states that “ the_ education of the children of a 
     
    
   
   
    
     other supposition, than that he laboured under 
     
     some unaccountable spell when he penned those 
     
     ex ressions. 
     
    

    
     l‘hc second thing contained in the foregoing 
     
     quotation involves a grave reproach upon the 
     
     Board of Education and the teachers of Schools. 
     
     I allow that the Board of Education may not 
     
     be for enough sighted to notice every thing 
     
     tha't should enter iizto the composition of the 
     
     schoolteacher, but still I think , that some allow- 
     
     ance slioul e made. Custom renders ital- 
     
     most invariably neccssary that candidates for 
     
     examination, previously to their appearance 
     
     before the lioard, use their razors, and the 
     
    

    
     entleiiien of the Board being cognimnt of this 
     
     tact are disposed to take it for granted, that the 
     
     root of the matter is in them, and to proceed 
     
     accordingly. 'l‘hc Board of l-ldueation are there- 
     
     fore entitlcd to some indul once from the 
     
     Visitor upon this point, cs ccial y as the beardis_ 
     
     nqualilication,oii which t ieScliool Act is silent. 
     
     But the most serious pnrtof the charge remains 
     
     yet uncoiisidcred. The School Report positively 
     
     uilirms that “ few of the teachers have even the 
     
     shadow of a qualification for their important 
     
     ollice.” The qualifications required by law of 
     
     even the lowest class teacher, are readiu , 
     
     writing, arithmetic, English gramimir, boo - 
     
     keeping. and geograph ; but according to the 
     
     School Report, few 0 the teachers can la 
     
     claim to any measure of acquaintance wit 
     
     either of these branches of education—not even 
     
     to the shadow of an acquaintance with any of 
     
     them. Now iftliis be true. nothing can justify 
     
     the conduct of the Board of Education in grant- 
     
     ing these people their license. But, for my 
     
     rt, 1 do not believe that the assertion con- 
     
     tains the least particle of truth. The teacher 
     
     of the New Perth School Lot 51, can write; 
     
     and I am well acquainted with another teacher 
     
     who, with thq exception of formin such a 
     
     piece of composition as now lies be ore him, 
     
     can read, write, teach, or do anything else in 
     
     that line much better than the Visitor ; and the 
     
     Visitor is hereby challenged to produce even a 
     
     single instance in confirmation of the truth of 
     
     his assertion on this int. 
     
    

    
     But allowing that 3.0. schooltcachers may be, 
     
     just such as the Visitor reports that they are, 
     
     so do dingly deficient that, " in many instan- 
     
     ces, t ey scarce possess the war to write a 
     
     sentence grammatically or ort ogra hically cor- 
     
     rect,” would it not, in this case, very com- 
     
     mendable in the School Visitor to 
     
     few instructions in English 
     
     position, till such time as Normal School 
     
    
   
   
    
     shall hays gone into operation. I admit that 
     
    
   
   
    
     0 
     
    
   
   
    
     give them a - 
     
     and dom-