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THE GUARDIAN

. Morning Dally (founded 1n 1881:.

,. lltfiillotl II Second Clara Moll, Pout. Office

_.'. ' Department, Ottawa. i rhodium. Ian A. Burnett; Vlee-Srealdent, Wm. It. ‘Burnett; SQCL-TICIL, G. M. Burnett; Editor and ‘Managing Dlroolo , J. R. Burnett; Associate Edito _.. Frank Walker. -

. "The Strongest Memory is Weakeirilihan“ " - the Weakest lnk."

. cnnuwrmyowu tummy. .n.~u.n_{.r'.'....

Canadian Federation

As Mr. St. Laurent ls being groomed as Prime Minister Mackenzie King's successor, it ‘is well to have his views at first hand on the subject of the true nature of Canadian federa- tion. The Minister is ,.posed to what is known as the compact theory of Confederation, whose clhief spokesmen today are Premier Drew and Premier Duplessis. Addressing the Manitoba Liberal Progressive Association last week Mr. St. Laurent said on this point:

"l have taken the position that the B. N. A. Act divided the Canadian national sovereignty between Parliament and the provincial legis- latures; that for everything placed under the jurisdiction of Parliament, it was the people of the provinces and not the provincial governments who were represented by their Federal members; that their provincial members and governments represented the sa-me electors only in the mat- ters which by the constitution had been placed und-er provincial jurisdiction, that the provinces were not required to consult Parliament ta de- cide how many members there should be in their respective Legislatures and that Parliament did not have to consult the provincial governments to decide how many members there should be in .the House of Commons. _

"There are, as you know, two diametrically opposed concepts as to the nature of our Can- stitutian. For some, C-anada is not a real state but merely an association of nine provincial states, sovereign and autonomous in every da- main. ,

"Members of parliament and members of the Federal Government would be no more than agents o-f managers of the nine provincial states whose governments would have the riglht to supervise and control their conduct as the mem- bers of a partnership supervise and control the conduct of its affairs by the managers.

"According to others,—a~nd l am of that view-Canada is a nation, an association of the people of the different provinces with a Parlia- ment elected directly by them and composed of members responsible not to the provincial gov- ernments, but to the electors themselves who select them and with a Government responsible to those members and thus under the direct con- trol of the people themselves. § u . . .

lt rs my view that we have no right to seek In amendment which would take from the prov- lnces any particle of that which was within their jurisdiction but amendments relating to that which ‘was under federal jurisdiction were mat- ters to be dealt with by us who sought them and by those to whom we were directly responsible."

Few will question the reasonableness of this statement so far as it goes, or refuse to con- cede that both the Dominion and the Provinces have their own spheres of jurisdiction. The fact remains, however, that it was the original Prov- inces which created the Dominion, and not vice versr. The latter did not exist until Parliament ha-d lssembled in accordance with the Confed-

feration agreement and the Imperial sanction, and at its first session it passed legislation by which it undertook its responsibilities to the Provinces. Too frequently since that time, these responsibilities have been overlooked or ignored. Only recently the leader of the. Opposition, Hon. John Bracken, had occasion to complain that the Dominior "had taken away from the Provinces rights that neither had been asked nor granted at the time of Confederation and by so doing had directly lessened provincial autonomy."

Mr. St. Laurent's argument is therefore a» double-edged s-word, and cuts both ways.

The Farmers’ Voice

The Canadian Federation of Agriculture i: outspoken in its condemnation of the injustice of the King Government's policy of singling out major agricultural products for the reimposition of ceiling prices without reintroducing a gen- eral policy of price control; T-his protest, coupled with recommendations urging continuation of freight assistance on feed grains, stabilization of mill feed prices, removal of the ban on ex- p;ort of cattle to the United States, government operation of fertilizer plants, establishment of floor prices on eggs and poultrypatc, have been given nation-wide publicity and no doubt will have very prompt reactions in Parliament which has now reconvened.

The Federation, which is holding its 12th annual convention at lrockville, Ont., this wee-k, has achieved a prestige and influenge second to no other association in the Dominion. This has been duo not only to the fact that it represents farmers’ organizations of all kinds from coast to coast, but also to tho wisdom of its leaders, who act and speak moderately and choose always a middle course between extremes. When they do speak out firmly, as in the present case, our policy-makers pt Ottawa are pretty sure tosit up and talra notice.’ r

Ilr. Putt’: lllracla

,_ Na word, ha: coma from Dr. Pm in Ottawa slnca thalfihinf of the Department of Health's ntrtritlon service wasfoolllordy enough to an- nounca rblfely that a famiy of five could be fad‘ on A Hilda, wank. "We can only presume," says tho Winnipeg Free Press, "that in this case no news h good new! and hope that nothing un- tpwald has hqrppged to the good doctor. A1

_ hi‘: cauhragma certain- hbflfiblgd eta? on ’ sense‘ or" ‘ _ lifd.'wou1d,in thietha first ire Jbyoarofthdllltboarrhrryaver

have made such a statement.

"lt may be, as the doctor says, that he suc- ceeded in performing this miracle. lf so, the Dominion Government is to be censured for wast- ing a talent the world needs badly. lf Dr. Pett could do what he says he did, than the dollar crisis will be as nothing to him and the Russian problem a mere exercise in miraculous doodling.

"We ourselves are not an authority on load- stuf-fs and would hesitate to challenge the ac- curacy of the doctor's conclusions but the mighty roar which went up from each housewife we witnessed -eading his findings indicates an elo- ment of disbelief exists in the country. even be put in stronger terms.

"Four housewives whom we have consulted —women of skill and. experience in stretching dollars-all agreed that Dr. Pett had abilities way beyond their own. They even suggested that the good doctor was talking through‘ his halt or alternatively that the wire services had confused the issue and had changed the position of the dots."

w a a a

_ nonunion. routes -

Foxes are on the ascendant once more- their pelts are_ the attraction of everv well dressed lady at home and abroad.

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Parliament at Ottawa is getting into its stride. By-the-by, Mr. J. Watson MacNought, M.P., has promised to contribute to The Guard- ian a weekly article of a non-partisan attitude on affairs at Ottawa.

Q Yr t n g ,

Beca-use of scarcity, people in Britain are allowed two ounces of bacon a week at the rate of 35c to 40c per lb. Yet, in this land of plenty we have grousers at .the cost of farm prodluce, such as butter and bacon.

tr ‘A t: I

lt is a mistake to refuse to employ older men simply on account of their age. Surveys in- dicate that men who are past "retiring age" have less absenteeism, are more reliable and fre- quenlly equal the output of younger men.

» i Q A’

A suggested safeguard against the danger of fire is a small mortgage. The theory is that the lend-er will insist on proper insurance coverage and both lender and insurer will take an active interest in potential fire hazards.

i l‘ i i

The Canadian provinces are certainly not encouraging Newfoundland to enter Confedera- tion. First Quebec questioned their rights to Labrador, and now o Nova Scotian asserts that they cannot claim Johp Cabot as a discoverer. i I i

Quebec having adopted the old French flag as its own, the Prime Minister will be rather loath to face parliament with a new Canadian flag yet awhile. But he has realized in h-is long parliamentary career that everything comes to hlm who has the patience to bide his time.

Stomach ache from eating candy: will soon be a thing of the past, according to the invent- ors cf a protein confection designed to supersede the present carbohydrate candies. The new‘ pro- duct, derived from peanuts and soybean, is claimed not only to taste good but be good for one. Summerside is going to be a busy place with half-a-million Federal dollars to spend on air- port and housing accommodation. by the way, what has become o-f the same Government's offer of $l,000,000 towards Charlotte-town civic improvement? Who blocks the way of this civic progress? i ‘l ’ ‘I Franklin D. Roosevelt elected President of the United States for the fourth term, was born this date I882. Elected for four-year term Nav- ember 8, 1932, assuming office on March 4, i933. He led his country into Great War ll on the side of the Allies, and was largely ins-tru- mental in bringing about the defeat of Hitler- ism and the victory of the Allies‘ cause. Ho died in office before seeing the full fruits of his victory. "

D i i i

Sir Seymour Hicks, who recently celebrated the 60th anniversary of his first appearance on the stage, says "the world is made up of 50 per cant natural people, 30 per cent shy peoplé. l0 per cent snobs and "l0 per cent idiots." "l ask you to be extremely nice to the natural peo- ple, to be tolerant to the shy people, to give the "snobs a quick kick in the pants and thank God for the idiots because‘ they wi-lll never find you out."

fi Ir i I

The City Council did themselves honour in entertaining the Junior Traffic Police under the chairmanship of Major Lowther. lt was a happy inspiration of the School Improvement League to suggest such a body, opd experience has |ust|- fled the experiment. Give o growing boy re- sponsibility, and the realization of the fitness of things constituting the well-being of his corn- munity will steadily grow upon him to his own and the community's hoisting ‘benefit.

The Little Theatre is now one of our out- standing institutions deserving credit and sup- port from all right-thinking people. "Art for art's sake" may be a little for-fetched, but no reasonable individual will seek to throw cold water on the efforts of public-spirited citizens who devote their time and talents in-tha develop- ment and production of tha finarthings in life. lt is significant of th attitude of the commun- ity that they so loyaly rally to the support of

the movement. _ ' a a a I .

Maybr Robert Saunders of Toronto, after a visit to Ottawa, reported ‘that Finance Minister Abbott informed him that the Fadaral Govern- ment plans to vacate the amusement tax flald. Mr. Saunde a rnada his trip to Ottawa to urge tho Federal Government to drop lha tax so that the Provincial Government could adopt an amuse- ment tax, earmarked for hospitals and relief agencies. The Toronto Mayor said ha would ask tho Ontario Mayors’ Association, of which ha is

President, to rapport such a mova.__

It mighl.

Jlotos ly The Way-

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Now that the multltudlnauo "WW1" Barnes have been written into United States football hfawry, we, note one point. with satisfac- tion. At. Walla. Walla the Waohtng- ton State Prfaon All-Stars defeat.- ed the Comets, another prlsor. team. twelve to nothtng, 1n the "Stone Bowl.“ What. pleases us 1: the fact that no one suggested a. mighty punt had been kfoked over the wall and that hundreds of 1n- mates volunteered to retrieve the ball. That one, we hope. 1s dead.‘ Victoria Times.

Q

In a country like India. -a lub- contlnent. -whcre' there in a popu- lation of 440,000,000, and of that. only 10 percent of Literacy, unless some attempt. 1s made to educate he mass of the people 1t 1a not. possible for the nation to be raised to o. higher level. The ‘newspaper 1s the best medium for educating the people- and for doing 1t en- tertalntngly, so that people who aren't. used to study will at. least go on reading and so learn witn- out. too much labor, writes Kolyont Gupta. 1n Women's Magazine.

Robert Piguet, fumoul French fashion designer, declares: "Con- trary to what, most. people believe. the dress designers of Paris do nol. create the style. S/cylo floats Ln the air of Paris and nowhere else. Everyone 1s exposed to 1t. and 83.612 designer interprets 1t. with more or less success . . . "Style 1s one bhlnz. elegance another. An elegant woman is one who knows how to ado/pt. the style Lo her own type, eschewing all the exaggerations oi the mode and taklng from lt. on.y chose elements that. she knows Will enhance her own charm. A,woman can be very fashionable wlthoul; being elegant at all. Furthermore. elegance ls not. a question of money; 1t. is one of the few things that cannot be acquired." -Tor— onto Saturday Night.

We read that. Charles Eppu, the English butler who ran Viscount Bennett's Surrey home (he served Prime lvllnister Asquith at. 10 Downing Street) 1s now with the US. Ambassador 1n London. It. u: not. impossible that. this will have a profound effect on LTK-US. rela- tions. Serviwro w-ho are themsel- ves diplomats sometimes wield great. influence. E. G. Grace, chair- man of Bethlehem steel corphj-q. Lion. speaking of predecessor Chur- les M. Schwsb, gave this instance. When Admiral Jelllooe, hero of the Battle of Jutland; visited this side in 1931, he was invited w n34,- Schwabs private railway car. Schnvab sent 1r. up to Canada to: hlm, and met it on anrival .£.- New York. When he went on board to greet the ‘honored guest, he found Jelllcpe and Joe Ray. ttic Negro stenvard. sitting at. the din lng table ivlth breakfast dlllllr pushed flSldE—-Sl100bll'1§ crap. - Napier Moore 1n Financial Post.

All known records for London art. museums were broken by the ot- tendance of almost, 160,000 persons 1n four weeks at the Tate Gallery Van Goglfs pictures ended- Wed- nesday. Thrvllflh London's wintry days people queued up potently and teuacfouoly to pay their shill- ing entrance fee, and interest nev- er flagged from begfnnfng to and. 1f the Tate Gallery could have kept the exhibition for four months instead of four weeks 1t. still could nbt have satisfied the insatiable demand of the London public. However, the exhibition has to go on to Blrml ‘ and Glasgow. The extraordinary hold that. the works of the Flemish painter hu on the British public has attracted great aotentfon. No temperament could be further from the British than that. of Van Gogtfa. Nothing could be more startlingly-different from what. n. Briton sees than Von Gagh‘; vivid burning pictures of Arlee or ‘hls last tortured gloomy landscapes. - New York Times.

" A new oplrls 1| abroad 1n Van-i eouver. and 1t ls making 1t: tough for our bandits and burglars. lDe- cent, law-abiding cltluna are fed up with toughs who try to rob them at. gunpoint and are taking the law lnta their-own hands. 1n the last. felw dayo this spirit. was exhibited by u former rugby star who kicked twovvould-be thieves down his front. stairs, and a six- teen-yeax-old boy who out-slugged a prowler and sent hlm running with a battered face and mlnus some teeth. A Ohlneae grocer, wteldlng a trammer, took aft-er a youth who trled to hold hlm 1p with a loy pistol. A Want End gro- cu- chased a gunman with a knffa and an elderly ex-puglllat knocked a prvwler oawn- a flight. of steps. A merchant. grabbed a bandit’: pls- tol and struck hlm over the head with 1t. Several dayu ago a our thlef was chased no vigorously by an lndlrnunt motorist. that the 11o- ter fell and dlaloaated hi: should- er. - Vancouver Province. \

If. hu long been evident that our poat-‘war price level would ata- blllu on a plane considerably hlgn- er than that. prenlllng before the war. "A hlghesfl price level JIIQI the burden of ranging our lm- mense new‘ load of no no.1 debt. And because of the 1 nu ln- terdependonoa of the Canadian ma American eranomlea, 1t 1o practic- ally lnrpoaplble for Opnmda" to maintain a price level for out. of lino wlth the American. Provided next year's crops are passable, and, provided ‘we don't. go ln for o brood new regime of‘ prfoo control, the prospect for early ‘ ‘ tlon ta good. A considerable body of private and official opinion - In Wsahtngton Mldlthat the peak of the IIIYWIM prloa movinont" lllb already been lubltantlally’ ‘ ‘ Canadians will urvo themselves best by keeping tnelrjahda you our matter. Production u the oolo

GUARDIAN.

2w.

FROM: THE CITY 0F DIEADFUL . NIGHT -

Of all outings ‘hlllllln whloh are strange and wlld,

Thll i! 96th moat strange,

And ahowetti mun moat. utterly be-

lll. . To those who hlllnf that ounleas City's range: Hut he bemoan: himself for aye, repeating How Time 1s deadly swift, how llfe ' 1a fleeting, How naught 1s constant on the earth but change. '

The hours are heavy to trim, and the days;

The burden of the months he scarce can bear:

And often ln his secret soul he

XIII)’; . To sleep through barren periods unaware.

Arwslng at scme longed-for date of Pleasure: _ which. havlnrg passed and ylelded

train snail treasure, He would outsleep another term of one.

—J emes T-hcmson.

Old Charlottetown (All! P. I. I.)

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MARKET PRICES

The market. 1n Charlottetown 1s, twice a week, Wednesdays and Saturdays, provided with the sub- stantial; of life. The price of beef, mutton, lamb, veal and pork sei- dom, even in summer, exceed four pence sterling (k) per 1b. It 1s all grass fed until the beginning of October after which a great. re- duction 1n price takes place. As the weather begins b0 get sufficiently cool to enable us to purchase a quarter of beef say from 90 to 20-1 lbs. and when the winter feed .5 offered for sale, 1t. may be had an; from 2d to 1 1-2d sterling (4c to 3c) per lfl). and even lower. Win- ter Ls the season for pork. It: 1s then plenty, well fed and well tast- ed. It. 1s never over large, the car- oase seldom exceeding 300 lbs. and the price 2d (4a) ster11ng per 1b In general private families, to whom economy 1a an object. Dre- fer curing their own pork. bacon and hams. purchasing by the car- cass 1n the winter or towards spring when 1t. 1s cheapest. Excel- lent horns can be procured from butchers and others at, 4d. to 6d (do to 12o per 1b.)

"Turkeys sell for 2s lo 4e (480 to 96c) each, geese from. 1a" to 2o (% to 48c) each and plenty o_f fowl for 8d to 1s for two (166 to 25M dodfish from 1d 1.0 9d 12c to 18c), the high price being for a. fish at. least. four feet long. Salmon are brought from St. Peter's, the only place where they are caught. at, an average of 4d (Bc) per- lb- 0515M" now sell for 1s 6d to 2s (360 to 46c) per bushel; they were for- merly half this price. Bolted lob- sters are brought to the market. 1n cart loads and sell for from 1-26 to 1110c to 4c) each and are either eaten on the spot or curled home to make stews. sauces or salads . Herring at first sell at 4d. per dozen and afterwards at. 1s (240) per hundred. Mackerel, some

times, very large, sell for 1s 6d to a (m m 48c) oer down-

Beara hams are sold during the winter and hares sell for from 8d to 4d (Ge ua 8c) each. The ruffled grouse, mtsnamed partridge. bring ca to 9d (lilo to 16c) each. Wlld geesesellforfrolmoswssflflcw Ne) and brunt sell for about 3t (m) the our. _

_From the Royal Gazette, 18.11..

Tribute To Family Doctor

(The Canadian Doctor)

Notlae was recently given to 1.1".- announcement by the Board of Trustees of the American Medical Association of the annual bestow- sl of s medal on otgeneral prac- tltfoner for exceptional service to his nltv. This, "M b0 the Journal of the American Medl- oal Aosocfatlon. has attracted the attention of the nation and nom- inations began ta pour 1n from women's clubs, Rotary clubs, and other muntty groups. A typl- cal reaction to the announcement 1s the editorial from the Providence H. I. Journal, wh1ch follows.

General Hoctlttouer