PAGE FOUR .

.THE GUARDIAN

d on Second Clan: Mall Post Office Department. Ottawa. The Island Guardian Publishing Co

CIRCULATION

Anti: '

Total City zone. lctall Trading Zo All Other: . Total Net Pnld .

Editor and Managing Director. J. B. Burnett

Auocintc Editor. Funk Walker

f'The Strongest Memory is Weaker Than the Weakest lnk".

CHARLOTTETOWN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 6. 1951

Federal Expenditures

The Senate finance committee's scrutiny .. the 1951-52 Parliamentary estimates throws vivid light on the fact that after military and defence production costs are deducted, social security obligations and statutory commitments such as. the public. debt, deficits, movement of mail, etc., are provided for, less than one fifth remains for standard routine departmental expenditures.

Defence costs alone fake 391,664 millions of the total S3,587 millions main estimates or 46.6 per cent.

The treasury statement prepared for the committee shows that only S685 mil- lions represents so-called standard depart- mental operations and expenses for 1951-52. Actually, the total is really only b672.8 millions if S124 millions the departments provide for government officials and em- ployees' pensions and superannuation .is properly transferred to the social security account.

The social security costs as set forth in the tabulation accompanying the first of this series take S7225 millions or about 20 per cent of the total main estimates of S3587 millions. That is, too, without in- cluding S258 millions estimated for the new 70-year pensions without a means test.

It seems from the foregoing figures that any trimming that could be done on only one-fifth of the total budget, other than the S35 millions cut off by Hon. Douglas C. Abbott, is not going to make very much difference to taxpayers. What this points out is the vital necessity for

'most scrupulously careful administration of

social security payments.

Farm Production costs

The view frequently expressed that .arm prices are exorbitantly out of line with other commodity prices finds no justification in an authoritative article on Agriculture and Defense, by W. M. Drum- mond, appearing in the latest issue of "Public Affairs", published by the Institute 'of Public Affairs, Dalhousie University. The issue is devoted to special articles on Pre- paredness. and covers a wide range of activities. .

Mr. Drummond points out that in the general price rise following the outbreak of war in” 1939, farm product prices re- main relatively unchanged for quite a long time whereas prices for many manufactured articles climbed fairly promptly and ap- preciably. The general result was that, during the first year or two of the war, the economic position of the farmer was actually worsened because the relationship between his selling and buying prices be- came steadily more unfavorable. It was not until about the middle of 1941 that the special demand for food incident to the war caused agricultural surpluses to be re- placed by rapidly rising farm product prices. By the end of 1942 the post-1939 rise in

"selling prices had actually surpassed the

corresponding rise in buying prices. From then until the end of 1946 selling prices continued to rise faster than buying prices.

Since that time, however, the opposite has been two. Buying prices have risen faster than selling prices, and this has been especially true during the past year. Whereas the index of farm selling prices actually showed a two-point drop in 1950 compared with the previous year, the farm buying price index continued to rise from an average of 202 in 1949 to 216 in August 1950.

While it is true that the total increase in farm selling prices since the start of the war is considerably greater than the corresponding increase in farm cost prices, the more recent narrowing of the margin between prices and costs means a reduction in net farm income. These prices apply to Canadian farmers as a whole. The price index for field products has fallen steadily and quite appreciably ever since 1948 whereas the animal product index has con-- tlnued to climb during the same period. This means that at the present time the price-cost relationships of producers of field crops are far more unfavorable than those of producers of animal products.

Consideration of various factors detail- ed in Mr. Drummond's article suggests that form prices will have to rise higher if pre- sent production is to be maintained. One point emphasized by the writer is the in- creasing scarcity of farm labour and the -foot that the opportunity for reducing total per unit through operating at fuller mpucity ll considerably i now than

THE

formerly. Operating cash costs have gone up because of the cost of operating and maintaining the new types of machinery; because of the increased use of fertilizers and of spray materials for controlling weeds, insects and other pests; and be- cause the tendency to use more purchased as distinct from home-grown grains. This fact that operating costs now make up a larger percentage of the total may make farmers somewhat more hesitant about maintaining or expanding production in the event of a price decline.

Among other contributors to the cur- rent issue of "Public Affairs" are Hon. 1.. B. Pearson, Hon. Brooke Ciaxton, Hon. Milton F. Gregg, Air Vice-Marshal F. R. Miller, Major-General G. B. Howard and Eugene Forsey. Every side of Canada's preparedness programme is discussed, the whole making up a. symposium of author- itative opinion on matters of pressing im- portance to every Canadian reader.

EDIIORIAI. NOIES

There is still the First of July com- ing on which to sing about a land with glorious sunshine blest. '-

. o o 0

There is to be a Fall session of Parlia- ment. The present session will be adjourn- ed till October, and then a new session summoned there and then.

0 O 0 Nova Scotia Legislature is to hold a special session to impose new taxes to make income and expenditure meet in their 1951-2 budget. 0 O O Twenty-five cases involving drunkenness were disposed of in the City Police Court yesterday. Even allowing for the holiday weekend, this is a disturbing state of affairs. 0 I 0 The stalemate in the Irish general election is another reminder that while a system of proportional representation as- sures minority parties of some seats, it does not result in strong government as does the simple ballot. O O 0

There must be a feeling of regret amongst R. C. N. officers and men as they take prizes off Korea. Such activities would have meant wealth for all hands in time past but, alas, prize money is no more for Canadals seamen. r

I I 0

Diego Rodriguez de Silva y Velazquez, greatest of Spanish painters, was born this date 1599. He long remained court painter and favourite of Philip IV. He rep- resents in art the dignified, aristocratic national types although he began as a painter of peasant life.

0 O 0

An important forward step is announced by the Fredericton ”Daily Gleaner", which now has available the resources of the Un- iversity of New Brunswick Press, including a modern mechanical plant and photo-en- graving equipment of a standard equal to any metropolitan newspaper. Since its establishment in 1880 ihe "Gleaner" has lived up to the best newspaper traditions and its president, Mr. J. Alex Crocket, and colleagues are to be congratulated upon this latest development in providing up-to-date service for their readers.

This is the 7th anniversary of D-Day. The Germans were expecting an attack on a port but allied landings on the open beaches and the pre-fabricated "Mulburry" port proved a surprise. Canadian fighting in thefollowing days included their famous advance towards Falaise. In that "pocket" the German Seventh and Fifth Panzer armies were ruined and the pocket itself eliminated on Aug. 22. American forces carried out a vast enveloping movement and then turned east to capture Le Mans on Aug. 4. The German commander of Paris surrendered Aug. 25.

Island MacLeods will be interested to know that Flora Macleod of Macleod, twenty-eighth chief of Macleod, of Dun- vegan Castle, Isle of Skye, has announced in Edinburgh that by her wish her 15- year-old grandson John Wolrlge Gordon, who it is hoped will be accepted as twenty- nlnth chief of Macleod, is assuming the name of John Macleod of Macleod. Con- sent to this change of name has been granted by the Lord Lyon King of Arms in Scotland. Sir Thomas lnnes of Learney. The twin son of the late Captain Wolrlge Gordon and of Joan, younger daughter of Flora Macleod, John was born 40 minutes before his brother Patrick at their Aber-

- deenshire home. The twins are now at

Eton. John has been invited to accompany the present chief when she takes part in the Scottish celebrations in Nova Scotia in July and August to mark the centenary of the sailing from St. Anne's, Nova Scotia, of the Rev. Norman Macleod and nearly 1.- 000 I-llghland-bom Scots of his congrega- tion to found the settlement of Waipu in

New. Zealand.

xxett-:.L.. .

iiow come" YOU'RE LEARNING ALL THESE

values. A

y . SAVS HER-E roo THE ARMY

GUARDIAN. CHARi.L)TTETOWN Found: The Quickest Way To A,Manls Heart

PUTS UP A FINE I FARE .

PUBLIC FORUM

This column is open to the discussion by correspondent: M Questions of interest. The Guardian does not necessa ' ll! endorse the opinion of correspondents. e LIQUOR SALES

ON INCREASE

Sir.-In the Government prop- BsandIa.1n ivrepax-a-tion for the new Tem-peranice. Act, we wem told that Prohibition is a failure and that this new legislation W0u1d be 3 great improvement in less drinking and drunkenness. Many bwame hopeful. and voted for the new law. But now, after two years' tria-1. it is evident that the real aim of this act is the sale 05 more 1.100013 bringing in more revenue, Just as with any other merchant who seeks a greater turnover. The published accounts ofgsa-le. for the past. year, prgveg this. 'The increase of sale over 1949 ls .SZ'3'l.0OO; and the increase of permits issued is 18,000.

This increase is shown in four Df, the liquor .stores retailing drink, Cliarlobtetown. Summer. side, Sourls. and Cardigan. The Alberton store shows a' decrease of 21442 permits sold, which they Say. is due to the religious meet. mgs held thcie-la-st year. Drink and the religion of Jesus never dig 80 together.

'v is hm-Wly disappoint th i; this beautiful Province uni)? ii. 1911189”? DEOPIE. spent last year, per capita, 32.55 in strong drink lh'I-ii. does no one any 1-eaq good andsome people much harm, A family Of Q person-s. wasting 5111900 on drink for the year 1950, is something to think about in a world where millions of people BS5 Si-3i'V1n8. It is no com-pliment, either to the intelligence, or the Christian spirit of the people who drink. The whole business of making. selling and drinking booze is on the low, level of self first.

I am, Sir. ei.c.. W. l. GREEN.

Stanley Bridge.

-In-oo&-cezdu-we-&-co-359C

6 Old Charlottetown

rs.

7; (And P. a. 1.)

DBASTIC LEGISLATION

The Prince Edward island Reg- ister of Tuesday, May 11. 1830, gives the following outline of u Bill "against Forestallers and Re- gratora". which was passed by the Legislative Council, sent to thg AHBMNY. and not agreed to there:

"The first clause of this Bill enacted. that whatloever person shall buy any victuals. or provi:- ion: of any kind. for the purpon of uelllng the name again in any market in the Island, except at a greater diltnnce than five mile: therefrom. shall be deemed a Foreataller.

"The Iecond clau:e enacted, that wlintloever per-Ion :h:ll. by any menu, get into hi: hand: in any market in the Island. 'any corn. hay, filh, mutton, lamb. veal, beef, pork. pigs. geele. capons. fowl:. chickenl. p i g e o n I. partridges. hai-en, or other dead victualn whatsoever, brought there for sale, and shall Ieli the came again in the lame place. within a month after receiving the lame, Ihali be taken for a Regrator.

"rm third enacted, that any person convicted of Forcltnlllng or Regrating before two Jucticu, shall be fined. nt the diner-etion of the Mid Julticel, in any Iurn not exceeding Five Poundl. and for non-payment of the fine. to be impriloned for A term not ex- ceeding two monthc, for every of- fence.

"Such". add: the Itegiltcr ed- itorinliy.,"i: the outline of the Bill lent down by the Council. Our reader: will not be greatly surprised to learn that it never reached a Iecond reading in the Auembly."

ANCIENT SCIIPP

Egypt): "Book of the Dead" in I

series of formulas collected by the

priests of Heliopolia about 3100

3.0.

1 Notes B

"Life Is Threatened. Iranian Premier Faints." Somehow we don't. think he's quite rugged en- ough for Middle Eastern politics.- The Edmonton Journal.

The bone frame of the average whole, it. is reported, weighs about 4-5 tons. That's not surprising when you think of all the fish lines it has broken in Ontario alone. - Hamilton Spectator.

Has handwriting become less legible down the years? This sub- jcci. is troubling teachers in many lands, including our own. in the United States a pen company conducted a survey of school prin- cipals, and a fair majority believed penmanship is improving. In Yonkers, New York. citizens scrambled through attics for old letteis and recipe books. The writ.- ing on these was compared with that of children now at school. In virtually every case the children of today wrote better. Mrs. Irene Burke, chairman of the committee on writing in Yonkers' schools claims the improvement is the re- sult of the simpler type oi writ- ing instruction new current, and the dropping of the old emphasis on "arm movement". She says the more utilitarian writing of today is not likely to deteriorate so much under pressure.

"When people get overburdened they scribble", Mus. Burke said. "Doctors are our worst scribblers -next to nowspapermen." - Lon- don Free Press.

The racial barrier in American university education is slowly melting away, even in Southern states in which it was firmly main- tained until a few years ago. A useful short survey of recent. de- velopments has just been publish- ed by the National Council of the Churches of Clrrisf. in America. One thousand or more Negroes, it es-timatas, are now attending un- ivereily classes in the South along- side white students, who are re- ported to accept them for the most part without show of hostility. The movement seems to have gone farthest in Arkansas. where we hundred Negroes are now attend- ing the state university. most. of them in the School of Education. in Oklahoma; Virginia, Kenmucky, Maryland. and Missouri (which is not strictly Southern) Negro stu- dents are working alongside white. though in some clses they do so only if the course which they are following cannot be provided at I Negro college. In seven states - the heart of the "Old South," apart from Virginia - no Negroel have been admitted yet to the white universities, but in North Carolina the university trustees have decided to admit qualified Negroes to the university's pro- fessional or graduate school: for course: not available It segregated inltitutlom. The barrier is still for from disappearing. The great bulk of Negro undengraduntes in the South attend colleges for their own race only; it in only in the post-grndultc field that they no crossing the barrier in appreciable nu.niber.:. In the Ichool: - . - lion: in ctill of-rict. But the pro- green of the last. few year: would have been Ilmost inconceivabl: twenty year: ago: and it will gn- ther force quietly on time goe: on. .. Mnnchccter Guardian.

one hundred years ago Mn. Amelia. Janka Bloomer made her nouble contribution to the wom- en': clothing induairy. it w:: in 1351 thnt she cracked the Ityla of : short Ikirt. worn over ioolc pm- iAioon:. Mn. Bloomer was I wom- an of conviction and determina- tion. dirdoinful ,of the criticism that burn Iboui. her hood. Her pnntcloona were attacked no im- proper, 'ndec9nt cod 1 thmt to public monln. But Mn." Bloomer stuck to her panuioons Ind fired broadside: ti. her crii.io:. The old Toronto Globe on May is, llbi.

carried the following report: "nu

The Way 1

Yankee ladies were all bustle I few years since; now they are all pantaloons. It appears by the Syr- acuse Standard that in that town they wear extremely short dresses, over loose pantaloons. ”As I mat.- ter of course this extraordinary change in their costume, has given rise to censorious remarks among old bachelors and iii-natured hus- bands, but the dear little creat- ures have found a friend and ad- vocate in Mrs. Bloomer, Editress of the Lilly. a paper published 1i. Seneca Falls. She says: "Those who think we look queer, would do well to look back a few years. to the time when they wore ten or fifteen pounds of petticoai and bustle around the body. and bal- loons on their arms, and then im- agine which cut the queerest fig- ure, they or we. We care not for the frowns of over-fastidious gen- tlemen; we have those of better taste and less questions-ble morals to sustain us. If men think they would be comfortable in long. heavy skirts, lot them put them on - we have no objections. We are more comfortable without them, and so have left iihem off. We do not say we shall wear this dress and no other, but we shall wear it for a common dress; and we hope it may become so f:.sh- ionable t.hat.we may wear it It :ll times, and in all places, without being thought. singular. We have already become so attached to it that we dislike changing to a long one."' - Winnipeg Tribune.

" AVAHV- kVV ”

5; The Age-0!.Ii story

A

Let your loin: be glrdod about. and your lights burning: and ye younelveo like unto men that will: for their lord, when he will re- tum from the wedding; thlis when he comcth and knocketh, they may open unto him immediately. . . . and thin know. that if the good- man of the house had known what. hour the thief would come. he would have watched, and not hnvernuffcred hi: house to broken through. Be ye therefore roody also: for the Son of man comcth It In hour when ya think not.

A749 ..e-of 1 Woedi &umi

AND A NEW IAITII The ruin. arriving on I. million

oovu. , Ride: at the trampled hill - but this in not

The npocaiyptlc horsemen, u it. proves;

Ruin and wreck are not the men- dow's lot.

See when they pun. the million spurs uprine,

Greener and taller than they were be ore. We need another legend to com-

p so This bright revlrnl of the dlrker lore.

fear: hnvg known

Ride with Iuch thunder oi. the ob- jective hill,

In number: that would topple towns of alone.-

And poll. to up their high, im-

perious vii Ha: docked the field with glory

not their own. ahlnlnfgd grul-blade or the def-

--Dnvld Horton.

newspaper!

age rates.

No wildcat horsemen thci. ouri

mg.

JUNE o, 1951 H

The :ignificu-ice or the proposed increue: in Iecond-clu: ponogo rate: wu well placed before Par- llnrncnt by Opponition Lender Draw. It in clear that there has been much milunderltnnding over the purpolc of the ntol. They were originally utoblilhed not with the intention of cubsidizing the publiuherl of newnpnperl. but an nniunnce to rural renderl. They were intended to make it an enly on pouible for citizen: re- mote from the centre: of popula- tion to maintain contact with the affair: of their community, prov- ince and nation.

It wu recognized by national leader: of an earlier day that thin wnl important to the working of d9I'!lOCl'uLy - that people without information could not be expected to judge wisely the iuue: on which self-government depend. That they should be able to ob- tain this information and have freedom of choice about where they will obtain it I: quite an im- pcrtant an aspect of the freedom at the press a: the right to print

0 I I The nowlpoperl of Canada have respected the purpose behind :ec- ond-clnu mailing rate:. In proof of this i: the sharp differential to

Globe and mu, Toronto

hi: party are now on outrun the rural reader. 1:932,” not matter what he reads, if 9: come: by mail the CCF intend! that he Iiiould pay mo... ” O O 0

We are not going to attempg : "onclize Poltmuter-General Rm fret': decision to increase ' rates. In our opinion, he wrongly ulumed that deficits o Iecond-clan matter are rouse: chiefly by ncwlpapen. Relmivel few of them are carried for out diltance through the mails, uni,

culctlon: which is'mail de i: not Iubltuntlnl. Hm-ed

A far heavier burden is gm. poled by magazines. virtually an of which are exclusively de11,-5,, ed by the Post Office. but which will continue to have a preferred rate. Thi: i: of a piece win, the no more dofenlible dlscrimina. tion agninu. newspapers broughg about by the Government's ap. plicntion of the 10 per cent sale; tax on. newsprint. The mag. nzine: do not pay the sales :5); nor do certain weekly newspaper, which for purpose: of evading (I13 tax claim to be magazines.

If. in significant to many proplp that the Government which is imposing higher rates on the

be found between home delivered rate: and rural mail :ub:cription:.' For thi: newnpapor. the carrier- delivered rate is 813 a year; a mail subruci-Iption in 37. The po:t- age rates are to be raised from one and a half cent: a pound to four cent: a pound. Thi: will mean that 36.24 of the rural aub- sci-iber's 37 will go for poltage alone. Obvlounly. with all but 76 cents of the present subscription rate going to the Post Office. the newspaper will have no choice but to pass on the increase.

In the face of thi: Mr. Joleph Noseworthy. CCF member for South York. made an ab:ui-d at- tempt to reprenent Iecond-clan rates in a subsidy to the publish- ers, enabling them to make "con- siderable profit." Whatever he may feel about the content of i: entirely irrelevant

to the issue of Iecond-clan: post- Mr. Noleworthy and

COMPLETE INSURANCE snnvica

dirtribution of newspaper: is the some Government which has jun. ifled heavy oubsidization of the Canadian Broadcasting Cnrpou. tion on the grounds that it pro. vide: information and entertain- ment to rural listeners beyond (ha range of the big city stations. 11; inconliltency may be explained hy it: power to command the service: of one and not of the other.

Allison M. Giiiis. LLB.

BABBISTIJII. SOLICITOB. Etc.

130 Richmond St. - Cifiown. Phone 500

ClD5iI&-Ir

T. H i a ,,

131 QUEEN ST. AGENTS rmzououour run: raovmcn

Rural Readers Penalized ' 4':

312

the proportion of their total clr- I

PROFESSIONAL CARDS

Dr. W. ll. Carson proctor

Joupli ll. Mocldillon. LL.B.

rum: (induct: nanninnn. B0I-IP'l'l'03- W cnnnuonrrown . '15 lgigvlld -;:;"' Pinon mi in mm It mm a M" comm. Iir. John E. Stuns J. 3. rump sunonon 0W"'"""

VETERINARY

Phone 120 28! Pownnl St.

office Hour: By Appointment

A. Woirhon Gouda. LLB.

BARIXBTEI. l0l.l(il'I'OB. Ito. Phillip! Building V In Grafton, Street Money to boon

IYIIIII -I. OIIAII 0.0.

OPYOMETBIIT INK KG! IIIIII

PIONB I'll Adjoining North American Hotll

MocPlIoo 8. Trainer

1?. Iilcollll-I. 3.1-. I-0-

IL IOIIIILID TIAINOI. II. Iullhlun, JO-

lyeo onmincd, glnueo fitted corner load '6 Queen Sim Offloo Pbor: I058-noun I013

Moiheson 8- Peak:

AW. MATIIIBON. x.c. VLII. PIAKE, I.A.. LLB. llnrrbturu, etc. Collection: .. Money to Loan no Grant George Street Charlottetown

p I. A. CABBUTHER5 R.O.

0Pl'0IIE'I'RlS'l' PHONE 2872

123 Kent Street own to llmplonu Agency)

John P. Nicholson. Dr. A. i.. Moclsocc ll... nun:-in nuusnl. coucrron. MW 1-3" lit l omuu numnmo 1;. pg... gs, away. in motion It 55.. gu - none NI onumum n. I. now: a so. ' llnllfu

III Accountant:

Boil" gm

Avuncoonr.

.1

IIcoiro:l.QI:b:qoIhvc.!i:lIIt:. Inhololn. HIIhlll&o.InItOIo

, - cums Ills. onuluuuon I0IIt"",..p-i":.

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