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TIIE BIIARLOlTETOWN GUARDIAN

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SATURDAY. APRIL 6, 1929

~parasites which keep them in check ‘cstroying perhaps Dfihper‘ cent of their eggs or caterpillars.

ta convmomo season.

The speech on the Budget by Hon. £7. D. Stewart, leader oi tho Opposi- followlng as ft diifthe dis- jointed. incoherent and egotistical epecch of the Premier, Hon. A. C. Saunders, was undoubtedly one of the ablest ever delivered in the Pro- vincial legislature. Clear, logical and convincing, it placed the provin- cial___situation fairly before the peo- And the’ situation is not an encouraging one. The most, serious lecture of it is the evident helpless- ness oi the Premier and his asso- ciates, and their incapacity eithenfo or to carry out anything cal- - f culateddzo be of any benefit to the l Province. An extended report of Mr. Stewart's splendid speech" will ap- shortly in The Guardian.

SCIENCE AND THE‘ NORTH since the agitation began, in con- nection‘ with the navigation of Hud- son Bay, and the building oi the Hudson Boy Railway with all its equipment of llarlibls, docks, 118m‘ houses, ore, the proposition has been regarded as one of doubtful" utility. The insistence of the Western pro- vinces prevailed, however, 811d 4-118 navigability of the BB7; think! 70 tmoclern science, is nOW amflflg the ipcssibllities, a line of radio stations along the whole coast from Belle isle to Fort Churchill, the northern terminus of the-Hudson Bay Rail- way, is about tc.be established, while three bases for airplane" surveys have already been fitted, and others ‘are ‘contemplated. With such n set- vico as this the navigable portions _ s o: the bay will be made known to ‘ Th0 Fourth International Congress , ship!’ 5° that the $0050“ 01 119N180-

of Entomology was recently llcltl at‘ lion wlll ‘be considerably prolonged Ithaca, N, x," There scientists met land the danger torshipping reduced. (aide/vise new ways of fightingllnang With these and other aids it is pus. unoonquered foe, the fnsecisLA few Slble t0 Visualized a tram‘; service l“

_ years ago such ‘n meeting would the not distant future, between Fort have met with ridicule, zln<i'ili°e're‘ai'e ‘Cllulvhlll and Llverlmoli c5773?“ the etiil not a few who regard the study sreln and other products of the FY01‘

o; ‘meet; as we trifling an empwy. ‘rieqprovinces to Great Britain. The‘ meat for l. practical man. ut. llétwwk °1 rive“ fbwmg mm‘ tr‘)? “y, D15 floward__“rho w“, fm- 3g Bay holds out ‘vast. fishing possibib- yearl chief of fthe United States "5951 While m the. Bay use“ were “Bufglu o; Engomologlkn-ghe insects are ivhales,‘and a limited number of u, man-s‘ chief rival fm- the p05. seals, and ivalrus, which will invite 8:5s|°n°:$he earth They are dank fishing and sealing interests. The “m; m m3?’ today t5...‘ at any proximity of the richly mincrallzed um‘, 5pm civilization begant Am, “Canadian Shield." further adds to

' , lie supports his contention" with the Value °f this greaft inland sen’ many illustrations.‘ When a sudden which m the light °r the Twentieth gust of wind, in the summer of 1860, Qentury is a vastly different “Mi

v ‘struck a house in Medford,1\fass.,_it ‘mm ‘vhat it was l“ the ‘lenlm-les l "caused more damage than any hur= lmwdmg" what s-ciqnce .wm y“ do

flux-m In‘ thafi house Trouvem?’ lil opening up the hitherto unuill- French astronomer‘ was endeavor,“ iced and inaccessibleportions of Can-

to crosbbreed silkworm moms with odd, it would be-vain to predict. The

veg‘ “m; whueqmported moth‘ for (liffiollltles of oile‘ century are sur-

- the purpose of producing caterpillars ’m°‘l‘“ted in me n“? “d pmgre“ ‘ immune to the silk-worm piggy; A goes on, slowly. but surely, extending 5mfl1‘bbx"c°n¢a;n|ng eggs d; the the boundaries 'oi civilization and 0i

white moth was swept by the wind “'°r1d""“‘1th' front the window ledge into grass, and ‘despite his utmost efforts Trou-»~ < velot was» able to retrieve only a few of the eggs. ‘For ten years notl-llng| happened. ‘Then suddenly, m/ile-ai-l ter mile, trees were observed stand- ing naked. _‘ Immense swarms of caterpillars were spreading over the "'" country eating 'oi'f the foliage from ‘V the trees. They spread over New En- "gland, they spread- to‘ the Cami _ mfder- Am“ 38 years d‘ llrtfie Legislature on Friday, Mr. 1181101113 we?‘ by every_ kmwn: Angus "ll/lacPllee, after commending “- _ Them!» i"! “Lily o! we“ mo“- 1 Prclllier Salmders for not meet- 1.15:? jfaoa menAl-a roqvlbsd eflilsumlm“ ing tire British Parliamentary ' " combat thlsipwi? 00d Prfwn‘ it Association during their Sunday vis- l from ‘Whit-mm! We °°"“"'°“" it here, ‘fell foul of Mr. Lea for hav- ' A Shllimént °1'-_ bmdm mm ‘mm: ing personally extended a welcome Southe .1 Europa was filmed 1" "a; to tile visitors ori that occasion. He rickety bum ow" Eve's."- Mfl-‘l l“ said: ' ‘due season thr0ll8l1 the °rwks m‘ - “I am not going to praise_ him - “the W811i» a swalfm °' “me “m” I (My. Leo) do one bit, for it, because emerged in the night. Nobody sus- l! I praise our premierI must hit pected their existence till a strange him (Mr. Lea) a little bit. It suited iblight destroyed tgee-‘ourfl?’ °1 him very well. He is one oi those ' the com-crops or New Ensllmd ‘ma’ fellows-that likes to be before‘ the the Canadian border. Since then ‘ pubng‘ He alvnys like‘ m be p“; m this ti!!! 40800?" hash)“ m’ 5°“! a prominent position, and he always emment of tho U~ 9- A» $1°»°°°-°°°i likes to talk: and even that wouldn't Ammo $0 01100“ "5 lava?“ and set him down. He was ready to act "there is no present bore 0f drill"?! "there, and oh that account 1 ‘don't ltout. give him any credit, and‘ I don't ‘.7 00m" m“ ""0 1" Mex“ °“ think the best thinking people of "o... 1111089101008, doy a "b"B"-“P' this country will give him credlt." ‘ tiy of no importance- flew ' heroes the Rio Grande into Texas. '11:‘ were the boll weevil; and its spread his cont the cotton planters just ‘$00,000,000 a year. 31¢ i; within the last 4o wow that my; m4 many other insect ene- iflgg have assumed this importance ; voids» m now min: by their om- ‘ Ffdllifllme from. 1o to i; oer oooi-‘oi l and. ‘Huge sums. runnlrl? he dollars have 10' conquer these

iilléfwila on INSECTS. __ .

ET TU BRUTE

v

The, Hon. Mr. Lea, admittedly the ablcst man on the; government side oi the House, now lying ill in the Prince Edward Island Hospital, may Wtll cxciilim, as did Caesar, oi old, WilCll his friend stabbed him-"Et til. Brute!"

_.._i.__.____i.

EDITORIAL“ ‘NOTE. ,

"Sumo of the bills we passed, from the uhicgal point of view contain too much Latin.‘ phraseclogy, and too much English also!" (W. F. A. Stew- art, First Queens). Hear, hcarl

History repeats itself. An Athen- ian sage took his eon to lieu‘ a de- bate in the national senate and at the conclusion hie comment wee: liiviiininthxm little wis- doT-TIG the

. ~ " i-d _ 0 "a ' _ , nverr the Liberal m»... an ' whoa: tolwifieeqindlirjflmilfitf flamed ihmtbofigry-tmfluifibnncvurluousfi.

ljloljl‘ and prlibcrous Uncle Sam his lo§t 4,500,000 formers within the past twenty yeui. i" ‘That ecemem be true. The bepartment of Agricul- ture at Washington is ‘authority for the statement that the fttm popula- tion has dwindled from laoomocc to 27,511,000. while the to population o; til, states‘ hoe marched by more than 30 per centlfn the fast eoore of years. Last‘ year alone 1,000,000 peo- ple abandoned farm life. Andthe cry for “farm relief" was loud in the glr throughout the entire-Presiden-

"" tial campaign. It seems now under

r-rcsident Hoover that, farm relief across the ‘bordé is to be brought a‘- bout by buildingup higher and still higher the lofty‘ tariff wall to keep out everything which Canadian far- mers produce. ' "

A snrplnscl almost 590.009.4309 illlt _ncw announced by Hon. Winston Churchill for the past fiscal year’ seems to" have caused suiprise and astonishment in England and "else- where. As iswell known, Britain has been setting aside 8250-0004500 yearly as {sinking fund toward the reduction oi her "war debt,_whi1e taxes have been r over there than in any 0th? country. It had not been expected that at ‘beet w? considerable surplus for lest year would be realized,-but 1s,ooo,coo pounds sterling is a very consider- able sum. _

Thene is o. general election near .at hand and there are a million and a half of workers unemployed who _must be supported, yet with ell ‘her heavy burden the, United Kinldilm is paying it's way and bailiff! "5 debts with something to the good. Quite naturally-the question arises in many minds, what adisposal will Mr. Churchill make of the handsome surplus‘). .

There ‘are many things he might dc, or attempt todo with it, but ev- ery astute politician must-take note of what his opponent may be plot- ting on the other side. Mr. Lloyd George, for instance, has put for- wards plan which iieaflirms will give large immediate employment. greatly-improve the internal trans- portationof the Kingdom, end un- employment within two years, and do all this without it costing the taxpayers a single penny.

That is a large order, and many Conservatives think L. G. is E large measure a." dcmagogue and that he promises better results for his _plB.l‘l than Tie‘ earl bring about.‘ Also his plan involves the. immediate bor- rowing oi many millions of pounds. Such borrowing meets with strong objections.

In any case the election will be a three-sided‘ orlo. The Baldwin Gov- ernment has been losing seats in the‘ quite "numerous by-eloctions of-late the seats being captured somewhat alternately by Labor or Liberal can- didates. Quite naturally both these parties hope to gain more seats in» the ‘ Lelection. Unfortunately for Mr. Lloyd George and his plan, his party itr the present House is much the ehiailast oi the three. Ap- parently at this writingMr. Ramsay Macdcneld and his lieutenants are fairly ‘conildenif- that Labor will come through the "election with the largest number of supporters in the" House. Premier Baldwin .is still more confident that the Conservatives will be the largest party, but whe- ther it willbe sumcient to give a majority olrer all the opposing forces is seriouslyooubted. “ A ‘ ii!‘

In Ottawa Parliament has renun- ed its session since the Easter recess with the budget debate yet unfinish-

B. Bennett, who are toldeliver the closing a}. eches have yet to be hcard and other memberewho have not yet spoken maycllim to be heard. There is alsolome probabil- ity oi one or more amendments be- ing offered by the oppoiition which may-prolong the debate.

In the Legislature it is quite 1mm. ing to note the apparent fear and trembling of Premier Beundei-s and his 2i foilowereregar g thb five moth. bore of the Op ition fed by Ron. .1. n. Stewart. Pitiful imam ior- sympathy, or for meroycpliie from the ienfier-of-the big majority, ulniig with pitiful complaint‘: from aha his colleagues the nir- oritioiim nom- the Ondaiition side. Well they realise that “at the pills ls fncthe water: a lfilh flood tidb is tflueliy followed by e veryicw ébb. Hence to the fur ottill.‘ ,

m the norm fe added tile fear ‘or ‘the country when enothii- election shelf conic around.

r -

.w.- r. A. "tewaauJifberli for Piigt‘ ‘Cfibfné. Mill ypltlrdey that from the icountry victi- flilllt. tbo mama...

ti. mu wild-o it vi aepd."i“we_ak icfrto ntfflm i-ecini a

. . , aw‘ ‘

ed. Both Premier King and Hon. R. -

v

_ IS wsfpmanwsys HELPFUL

Perhaps._ynu wonder ‘why most health writers advise plenty oi water. especially between meals.

Now tho advice is worth following‘ most oi the time because as a P00" ple we do not drink enough water, and living an inactive liie, as molt oi us do, we need plenty oi water to accompany material along the intes- tine. -

’ Water is necessary because the in- testine is menyleet long, and liquids get absorbed .from this food as it passes along. ‘ i .

Now ii there is any dolly 0"?‘ where along the large intestines the wastcimaterlal remains ‘in this 0118 plaw s5 long that most oi the liquid portion gets drained out of it by "l0 blood.

By the time the waste B805 to m0 gnd‘ of the intestine to be removed from the body. it has lost so nmoh water that it is hard and thus more difficult to remove from the bodyl

This is what is called constipation.

New will tho-drinking oi water prevent constipation? _

There is no question but; that ii helps to carry away wastes by the kidneys, and to some "extent 8150 by fie skin, but liquid does not act- on the intestines as do foods On‘ drugs. . ,

Its inaln use therefore is to make the final removal from the body less difficult. _

"' Further, if you decide to drink a number of pints or quarts of water daily, don't take more than one glass or two,_ at the most, at one time. whether it is at or betweenmeals. "Two or three glasses. oi water, a cup oi tea. or milk, together with the food you eat at meal time, may be just “too muay for V0111‘ PM" tlcular" stomach, and it has"a..teh- dency to make it “drop” a little‘.

This‘ dropping makes it a little more“ difficult ior the food to climb up and out oi thsiinmailil 111W i110 small intestine; ,' . - _

115w cold water doeswery often help movement along the intestine

use the coldness itself gives the.

mach a shook or impulse and this

ulse contlnuciffdown the small

rl no . and ‘ then downward thr ghout the large_ intestine,

So if you are depending on water to prevent” constipation and are hav- ing no success, then eat the foods that will stimulate the‘ intestine to action. These are fruitjuices, bran. cereal; whole wheat bread, stewed figs, prunes, green vigetables, apples. if they agree with you. Mineral oil is usually .0! help. ' " ‘

If you are willing to take regular exercise, especially , bending move- menis, it is not likely that you will"" have to give’ much thought 0o diet. to correct constipation.

. ‘_L_;;J* IMMORTALITY We must pass like smoke or live _within the spirits fire; For we can no more than smoke un- to' the flame return If our thought has changed to dream, our will unto desire,

As smoke we vanish‘ though the fire may burn.

Lights of infinite pity star the gray dusk oi our days; . Surely here is soul: with it we have eternal breath:

In the fire of love we livc, or pass my many ways, _

By unnumbefid ways of, dream to death. ' _

G. w. RUSSELL ("A. ET)

‘me LAND we cove‘ n2‘ ynmirnilon

CANADA'S nAlLW/ifre Q. What are the main features of Canada's Railways?“

‘A. Cadadab r " , mileage tom; in 10cc, 41,566. Several hundred od- ditionai miles are under construction or plan, which will Add substantially to this total-in tire next few yam. The railway capitalisation stiles at three and flllilljillicne. _ The operating revenues _for m1" wit“ $400,004,207 and the not revenues $01,411,990. Reply 42 mu- ilon passengers wire cuffed and 125

o'er funnier-ed 11am with reiliiimra-

fee-attic two mail roiiwryrhyetenfe o some advance over 1M.

tlourofflflfllibfl. The, , l

_

r

Cl-IARLOTTETQWN cesium.

A .77lé Intimalf Papers a f Colonel House

The Friend And Adviser Of President Wil- son." Recounts In His Diarylfhe Great '~ Events Of The War "In Which His Country Was Concerned.‘

t , (Copyright)

" The Public Forum ‘llrcelnmn is open for the dhcillinn by cornlpondenfo »of question oflntereet. This Charlottetown Guardian dcee not necenrlly endorse the opinions of correspondents.

- GAIITIBII ‘FQXT OWNE AND RAN- c,

' rNmv that llitenof young m‘ nrdvlng daily. what precaution

CHAPTER 8

The “House Mission arrived in Europe at a oment of extreme crisis in the fortunes of war. In November i017, tho Allied cause was over- shadowed byia double disaster: the collapse oi the Italian army at Cap- oretto and the advent to power of the Bolsheviks in Russia. The situation was perhaps the gravest which the Allies had faced since 1014. No longer was it a question, as it had been in the spring‘, how best to defeat Ger- many; the problem was now, how to escape defeat.

The crisis which followed Capo- retto and the danger that theend of the war in the East would permit Germany to concentrate in over- whelming strength in the West, stim- ulated Lloyd George to the decision which he had been pondering for some time, ‘and which he had discuss- ed with. Sir Henry Wilson in Aug- ust. Ii the Allies had been unable to win when holding numerical super- ‘iorlty overthe enemy, what chance had they now, unless they adopted new methods? Reliance upon the hammer-and-tongs strategy of the General Staff, he argued, had result- -od in tremendous losses in man-force silid no material gains. Allied strength liad never been pooled, and each army llad done what seemed right in its own eyes, with the result thet_one by one they had been defeated. The -sole'hope for the Allies lay in 're- gardlng the _ battlefields“?! s. single front and in the establishment of unity of command. Lloyd George in a speech at Paris ‘on ‘November l_2 publicly affirmed- the failure of Al- lied military policy, as‘ he reviewed the strategical errors of the past three years; ‘ '

‘It is true we sent forces to Sal- onika to rescue Serbia, but, as usual, they were sent too late. . . . Half the men who fell in the "futile at- tempt to break. through on the Western Front in September of that year would nave saved Serbia, would have saved the Balkans and completed the blockade oLGol-many . . . 1915 was the year of tragedy for‘ Serbia; 181a was the year of tragedy for Roumania . . . it was the Serbian story almost without a variatidn. . l . The Italian disaster may yet save the alliance. . , . Nat- ional and professional traditions. prestige and susceptibilities all con- spired to render nugatory our best resolutions. . .' . The war has been prolonged bysectionallsm; it will be shortened by solidaritf‘

Mr.‘ Lloyd George recognized the impossibility of persuading British opinion‘ at "this time to accept a ‘gcneralissimo. Such a suggestion would almost certainly have brought about the overthrow of his Govern- ment. On November 19 he told the House of Commons" that the .31). pointment of a generalfssfmo ‘would produce real friction, and might really produce not merely friction between theqArmies, but friction be- tween the’ nations and the Govern- ment.’ He was equally opposedQto a of coordination that might be secured by joint action oi .the British and French chiefs of Staff, partly, perhaps, because of hisiack of confidence in the ‘traditionalfsm’ of the professional soldiers.

- The Supreme‘ 'r‘l'ar_ Cour-loll

Aooordlnc to the. memoirs of‘ i4. Painleve. then Premier oi France, he had‘ proposed to Mr. Lloyd George. three llwlitlis previous, the creation of an Jntel-‘allled stafl with General l-‘cch nits chief. The pro- posal differed in principle from that made to Mr. Lloyd Gegfgg by 51;- Henfy Wilson. since Painlevoh plan would have included the Chiefs of Staff and 158110 Foch essentially Seneralissimo, while " Wilson's look.

‘coimoll superior- to the Chiefs of Staff and excluding thorn. on 0c. who: ca, after the disaster of Onpoe NW0- Hr- U070, 090!!! wrote to

ll. Poinleve a long letter outlining . t!" Brltilh Illlllltien for a sort of

interellied staff,’ which ihould be ‘political in its composition “mung; ta it would be attached military grin, if noufbie, navel and eoonomlo q. mo. (mNotezThe uzt qg gm 19ml’. translated inw French faiths benefit cfmthe French wir- Council. ll. printed in ‘memoir, Le em. unique‘: roan et 1g Irma: dbocident, lu-“rv-Ll pug»

""00"" "w Hon-muni- coda"-

' couragenient iindoreassurance 4n ell

ed lotto organisation of a Wu"

that there was the eameldiflerence between "the French and British ideas then as later, regarding the ine clusion or the t- exclusion of the Chiefs of Staff. The text of Lloyd George's letter of October 30‘ ma“! this clear; obviously in thll 10,0901‘ he fa not accepting Pninlevo’; P70‘ posals but himself setting 101th l- new plan. Mr. UOYd 980F883 let- ter and his plan for a war council were carefully studied by $110 menclhexperts, ‘who finally 00009005 its principle and drafted thereupon a definite constitution the new organization. On November s, the British and French Prime Ministers 191; for Italy, where at Repailo, on the Italian Riviera, they were await- "ed by the Italian Premier, Orlando, and his Foreign Secretary, Sonnino. After two days oi discussion the plan for thiswipterallied council was approved, and the new "organization" coped the Supreme {War Council (Conseil Superieure del Guerra.) _ ‘ No one could criticize-the eflort to coordinate Allied military policy- Whetlier the Supreme War Council would succeed in achieving unity-of military control was another__quee- tion. ‘The functions of the new or- ganization were not clearly defined. -It was essentially a. political body composed of the Prime Minister and a member of the Government of each of the great Powers whose armies are fighting on that “(the Western) Mont.’ It was not to act as a commander-in-Lchief, ‘but as an agency for the adoption jand main- tenance of a general policy for the Allies in the prosecution oftthe war, consistent with the total resources available and the most effective dis- tribution ‘of those resources among the various theatres of operations.‘ It mdy have been sound policy to" give the new council a political char- acter, and it was essential to find a compromise between French insist- ence upon a singfe military com- mand and the British objection to‘ putting their‘ troops under foreign control.‘ But the nature of the com- promise and the vagueness‘ in the definition bf the functions of the Supreme War Council resulted in misunderstanding and criticism. Up- on Mr. Lloyd George fell the burden of advocacy~of the new venture, for the - French Ministry‘ was ‘over- thrown on November 13. M._ Pain- leve resigned, and three days iltei; the historic Clemenceau Ministry was ‘formed. (Ed. Note: Pairlleveb fall was not the result of his advo- cacy o_f the Supreme War Council, which was approved by a 'vofo act 1250-102. Mis ministry was over- thrown by a. hostile vote, the same day, in the matter of the Malvy- Caillaux prosecutions.) ‘ l v It was natural that the \British Prime Minister should look for the support of the American Mission, “which occupied in the public mind a‘ position of peculiar importance that was indicated by. numerous ar- ticles in the newspapers, emphasiz- ing the resources _' of the United States. -—'Colonel House and hie dis; tinguished colleagues have arrived at the critical moment,’ said the London Spectator on- November i7. Their influence will be invaluable in the somewhat perturbed councils of the Allies.’ Mr. Gesty cabled t0 the New York Times, commenting upon the tum of fate that had made of‘ House ‘the bearer of en-