r Of Trade

A Matte

* Sir’ John H.

industrialist, said the other day in ~ Toronto that British industry looks for a 5 per cent increase in sales to Canada this year. In an address to.the Canadian Association of Bri- tish Manufacturers and Agencies he stated that Britain will have to look “elsewhere to make up losses she is likely to suffer as a result of the | European Common Market.’

There are reports that British. in- dustry has already felt the effects of Common Market tariffs which, ‘naturally, favour exchange of com- modities within the 6-nation area covered by the agreement.

It is well for Canadian business— and the Canadian people gener- ally—to realize that it was the de- sire to continue preferences to Com- monwealth trade that kept Britain from joining the European agree- ment. Whether this Commonwealth trade can make up for the losses in- curred by staying out of the agree- ment remains to be seen. But cer- 5 tainly the British are taking a risk. lf it turns out as they hope and Commonwealth trade is increased to make up- the deficiency, well and good; if not, it could easily, and almost inevitably, mean that Britain ~ will turn towards Europe, through the medium of the Common Market, with consequent decrease in imports ‘from Canada and other Common- wealth countriag.

Soviet Education

“Some interesting comments on higher education in the Soviet Union are made by Mr. D. Novak, assist- ant professor of politics at Mc- Master University, in a scries of articles appearing in the Winnipeg Free Press. One point, strongly stressed, is that Soviet students work considerably harder than they do in this country. :

The term of study at the Soviet universities and various institutes is usually five years. The academic year starts on September 1 and runs until the latter part of Décember, followed by four weeks of examina- tions. After two wecks of vacation, the next term begins in the first part of February and lasts until the end of May. Further examinations take place in June. A Soviet student thus spends eight or ten more weeks in , residence than a Canadian student. July and August are the twg months of vacation, but the student may be directed to work or to train in mili- tary camps for part or for the whole of this period.

A secondary school graduate takes mathematics throughout his ten years of schooling, and the various natural sciences for several years. each. At the higher educg- tional level, however, natura) sciences are stidied chiefly by those who specialize in them or who need | them in the training for their specialty, such an engineers or phy- sicians. Apart from physical educa- tion, which is compulsory, there are two subjects every student in a higher institution of learning must take—a. foreign language and social sciences. The latter, which include economics, Marxism-Leninism, and the history of the Communist Party, are studied throughout the curricu- lum_and comprise between 8 and 12 per cent of the total lecture load.

As far as can be determined from Soviet data, the great major- ity of Sovict students finish their while the corresponding figure for * the United States (which may be close to that of Canada) is only 60 per cent. The chief reasons for the relatively high Soviet figures prob- ably are the greater selectiveness regarding admission of students, and the ‘knowledge of Soviet students that their social and economic posi- tions ‘will be determined by their ‘educational attainments.

Studies carried out: by the Massachusetts Institute of Tech- nology show clearly that students ‘entering Soviet institutions of

“Wedgewood, British’ |

and critically, Training Pigs

Pigs, wherever they are found, are interesting animals and wise but

‘tion to where they are told to, go. Well, in China the experts have fin- ally decided to bring them, under

other inhabitants.

A Reuters dispatch tells the story: “Specially selected pigs in Kansu Province are being trained to lead their fellows quickly and quietly off to’be slaughtered. This is the re-* sult of a program worked out to save time in herding pigs from a local market on to waiting railway cars, More than 3,000 pigs on an average are transported from the market monthly. But it used to take a long time to load them aboard the cars, especially on the higher levels. And if an engine whistled the animals would scatter in fright.

“Drovers noticed that sometimes a solitary pig scampered off on its own, and a herd of others immediate- ly-rushed after it. They decided to turn this habit to advantage. If they could train some _ individual pigs to. walk calmly, untroubled by noise, up gangplanks into the cars, then others would follow quietly, they reasoned. So, they selected pigs ‘with longer legs and harder hooves than the majority, taught them to respond to shouted human commands and to walk up and down planks, un- scared by whistles. Four months of training brought success. Now, pigs dutifully follow their leaders up the planks and into the cars that carry them to the \slaughter-house. As a result, loading is carried out twice, and sometimes even five times as effectively as before”.

with our Island Yorkshires. They

} are much too independent and—if

one may say so without giving of- fenee—stubborn.

EDITORIAL NOTES

As indicated in the Speech from the Throne, the Provincial Govern- ment plans to organize a citizens’ committee to make arrangements for the 1964 celebration of the 100th anniversary of the meeting here of the Confederation Fathers. This ‘is a commendable move, for the plan- ning will take a lot of time if it is to be done properly.

o * °

A sharp increase in numbers: of lobster traps destroyed or con- fiscated by fisheries protection offi- cers last year in New Brunswick and Prince Edward. Island, was reported to the House of Commons by Hon. J. Angus MacLean, Minister of Fish- eries. This was in line with a crack- down on lobster poachers, last. fall -Of the 14,949 traps thus dealt with, 8,614 were in P. E. I. and re in

New Brunswick. , =x

rad *

Our readers will regret to learn af the illness of Hon. George MacKay, Minister of Highways, to which re- ference-was made in the Legislature yesterday. His cabinet colleague Hon. A.A. Maclsaac, Minister of La- bour and» Welfare, is also incapaci- tated through ilMess, leaving other members to shoulder their respon- sible ‘burdens. Both gentlemen are held in high regard, and both have ‘the good wishes of all our citizens for a speedy recovery.

* * *

Our claims on northern lands and resources are of lohg standing, and have frequently been stressed in these columns and in briefs present- ed at Ottawa. It is well that the

minded o° them, as Mr. Heath Mac. quarrie, junior member for Queens, did the other day. He pointed out that a former Conservative Prime Minister, Sir Robert Borden, had recognized the existence of - these claims. Let us hope that the present Government can be persuaded to im- plement them. They would make a good topic for inclusion in the “thorough study” of our federal- provincial fiscal relations this year,

higher learning have a much more

)

_ Which Ottawa has proposed. /

liable to fits of temper and often. inclined to go in the opposite direc-

totalitarian rule, along with all the:

va tae

CON TES eel I; F A 1 se per eh

-

ee

Tay

lial

We still think it would not work |

House of Commons should be re. °

OTTAWA REPORT

Let’s Hear

Both Sides

By Patrick Nicholson

The Canadian. Broadcasting Corporaticn has Icng -appeared to many cbservers to be improp- erly attempting to condition the political thinkirg of all Canad- ians

This is exactly how George Or- well, in hs brilliantly f>rward- looking book ‘1934"° that dictatorships would use the dangerous new weancn o° radio and TV to condition the masses ty the incessant propaganda of “Big Brother.”

The CBC's preferred political line is set left of center. Those

responsible for many of the cur- |-

ora

rent affairs programs on the C B.C. would find their spiritual! home in a socia‘ist s‘ate. In free- enterprise Canada, they consist- entiy foster what they consider to be the next best thing: the lef: fringe of our pclitical spectrum.

A state. breadcasting system is only to‘erable in our demecrat- fc country if it observes a strict imoartia'ity. KH should present information and ideas on all cur- rent topics, and should give equa’

emphasis to each side cf every |

question. Only thus can its aud- ience, the voters, fairiy arrive at the'r own cpinions. But instezd of this, the C.B.C almost exclus- ive'y hires commentators who present the leftist side of each topic of national or internaticna! importance. ®

For years, the C.B.C has prac tised this irresponsibility upon its audience, who are cempelled to pzy the cost of what is an at- tempt at brain-washing. The C B.C. nearly a!ways hires a com mentators a smal! group cf mag- azife writers and newsdaper re- porters who have a predictable leftist appreach. The rightist

predicted |

NEEDED?

can

= ; story is suppressed by the C.B. iC.’s imbalance in its choice of commentators. IS TRAINING One cf the C.B.C.'s regular part-time commentators, Char- jles Lynch, explained to me that | in his belicf there is a mysticiem: abou! specking into a microphone er being exposed to a TV camera. The C.B.C. cannot spo’! its pre- grams by hiring “amateurs”, he believes, and it is just coincidence that the exvericnted broadcast- ers a'l happen to be cast in the leftist political me.d. But surely there must be a first } time for everybody? There was once a first time for ; an inky-fingered scrivener, who |had never been exposed to a TV |eamera, but who was suddeaiy hired away from his newspaper work to serve as the C_B-C.'s full ; time commentator at United Na- j tions headquarters in New York. Tris column deservedly praised | the first performance I saw by ; that “amateur” on TV. I remark- | ed that he stood out head and ; Suou'lders above his fellow com- | mentator on that prozgram—stocd | out head, shoulders, pompadour jard ten inch cigar in fact. His jpame was Charles Lynch, and jhe was sharng a program with experienced Blair Fraser. Now my good friend Lynch is

j back in Ottawa. again working | 23 a nowspaperman. and mcon | lighting for the C.B.C. | TOO ONE-SIDED

But one have tco much even of a good Lynch. The public is entitled to hear the other side of important matters in public a ‘fairs

For examole, one recent pub- lic affairs program of the C.B.C.

NEW DEPARTURE AT OTTAWA

included Charles Lynch of Southam Newspapers and Frank Swanson of Souyiam Newspepers. » Bath these write for the Ottawa “Citizen”, a daily paper which exoresses the Liberal Party's viewpoint. ‘Would it not have been more balanced to have re- placed one of these commenta- tors with a man who writes, for example, for the Ottarza ‘“‘Journ- al’, the more wide'y quoted and larger circulating daily paper\in cur capital which happens to fav- or the Conservative Party's view- Pcint pe Fe

The C.B.C. predominantly hir- es from a small select group of its friends in the Parliamentary

tess Gallery. This column's re- cent re’erences to this situation have prompted some probing questions, being isked both in our Senate and in our House cf Com- mons. Sut meanwhile, the C.B. C. is attempting to cover up this d sproportionate representation by double talk, based on token hirings of other commentators. For example, the C.B.C. asserts proudly that it has hired both Cnar'es Lynch and Gene Griffin. Lynch appeared on three separ- ate programs on one. recent day; but international prize - winning Journalist Griffin has only been invited to appear on two pro- grames in the past 13 years o' his work in Ottawa.

This also raises the interestin question why other newspapers do not protest at having to pay for the C.B.C. to give their riv- als so much free publicty. What would it cest say General Mo‘ors to be mentioned on the C.B.C as often as they say MacLeans Magazine? Wry do that magazine and Southam) Newspapers receive so many plugs, when they say the Ottawa ‘Journal’ and the Toronto” Star Weekly" get none?

If the managemert of the C.B C. is unable or unwilling to broad- en the field of informaticn for its audience, then it should be re-

° ° >

The New Lincoln Penny

National Geographic Society

The newest addition to United States. coin2ze will make _ its public bow on February 12, Ab raham Lincoln's 150th. birthday.

For the first t'me since it was originally struck in 1999. the familiar Lincoln penny will get a new lock in honor of the Civi 7e Pres.dent’s: “ sesquicenten- n*a! \

The des'gn by Frank Gasparro of the Philade'phia Mint will be apzlied only to the reverse. or ‘tails’’ side of, the coin. It wil’ show the entrance view of the Lincoln Mémorfal in Weshington Above the Memorial wll be the motto, “E ‘Piurcbus Unum,” and, follow'ng the curve of the coin's edze, the words, ‘United States of Amerida.”” Below the Memor- ial and a!so folowing the curve wil appear the denomination, “one cent.” a OBSERVE, UNCHANGED

The observe or “heads” side of the coin, designed by sculptor Victor David Brenner, will re- ma.n unchanged. When the coin was first minted in quantity. Brenner’s initials app®ared be side Lincoln’s head but were subsequontky removed. Those minted’ with Brenner’s initials at

‘San Francisco have since be- come collectors’ items.

Technically there is no such thing as a Lincoln penny. The coin o‘ficially is a Lincoln cent, or one-hundredth of a dollar. “Ponny” is a carryover from the days -when British coinage dominated this. country’s com merce: Cent or penny, however the Lincoin coin is certainly the‘ most numero all those m.n ted in the United States. At least 25 billion have been produced since 1909.,

Although the penny’s purchas ing power has dropped sharply from the days when it was con sidered a splendid reward for a child's errand, demand is con- stant and growing. Gasoline. cizaretie, and sales taxes used 199 mi'Eon one-cent pieces. Other billions of pennies. have simply dropped out of circulation

—lost, saved im acglected piggy

banks, forgotten in desk draw ers. Coin collecting accounts for many more noncirculating pen- nies. : FIRST ACTUAL PORTRAIT The Lincoln one-cent piece was the first United States coin of a regular portra.t of an actual individual.

|

+ Befcre, faces and figures on coins

; were idealiged. The 1909 break with tradition has since led to the Washington quarter (1932) | and Jefferson nickel (1938), the | Frarklin D. Rocsevelt dime (19 43: and the Franklin ~ half-doll- ar (19438).

Under law. the des gn of new Lincoln cent cannot

series, to Carry “2@-

the | be! rather than, ind.vidually sorted. | MacKay. .

placed by others who will. F

| changed without congressional

authority for 25. years. - Frequent design changés ease the work of counterfeiters, and for this same reascn the Treasury Department disccurages the issue of special commemorative coines, once a fairly frequent practice.

Each day, mints preduce about 15 tons of pennies. worth $43,500, _but costing only $2.39 per thous- and. One-cent peces account for about one per cent of United States copper consumption. Each ccin contacns 45.6 grains éf cop- . mixed with 2.4 grains of zinc and tin. Precise. minting lightens the chore of these who have to count pennies by the thousasd: there are 145 one-cent | pieces to the pound, thus quantit- ies of pennies can be weizhed

er <t

The news of the temporary withdrawal of State Secretary Dulles from the international scene left many Europeans feel- isg like an audience that. has come to boo the villain of a melo drama and discovered that his place is being taken by an under- study. :

In the Western alliance, Dulles is a man who commands respect rather than love. But, like many ymen before him, he is discover- “ifig new friends in his hour of ad versity.

During the Suez crisis, when the wisdom of military action against Ezypt was heatedly de- bated on every street-corner, the disputants were united in the con- viction that Dulles was largely to blame. He had been too friendly or not friendly enough, to the Egyptians. He had been obsessed with, or oblivious of, the danger cf Communist penetration in. the Middle East. ; OPPOSING: FEARS

Similar sentiments wore heard after the tension arose over West Berlin, There was alarm lest he provoke war by being unduly firm with the Russians. There was also fear that he might ap-

P™

Dulles Finds New Friends

By Fd Simon Canadian Press Staff Writer

pease the Russians by being un- duly flexible.

_Yet. when Dulles tock to his hospital bed, the chorus of sym- pathy was swelled by voices un- accustomed to\singing his praises, Randolph Churchill, who favors’ a tough line against the Russians, said “he has saved peace without betraying free- dom."

The Daily Herald, a London newspaper which favors Euro- pean disengagement, said ‘‘his unswerving devotion to h's cause and his country compels the ad- miration of the Western world.”

In retrospect, it appears that Dulles has taken pains to put his house in order before applying for siek leave. His recently com- pleted tour of Western capitals presumably gave him ample op- portunity to compare notes on a common approach to cold war problems. , NO RETIREMENT ‘

The announcement’ from the White House made it clear that

intention of delegating any more than day-to-day responsibilities to his subordinates. He would be “available for consyltation” and would concentrate on “‘the com

es

L

| Gauseof pressure op-during bitth—or’

the 7@year-old secr@tary had no |

At First Sight

35 4 |

the little one. LACK PROPORTION Prodaebly the first thing you

oA will notice is that the head seems

much too large for the body. Be- ither. before possibly that caused by instruments used dur- ing delivery —it may be out of ‘shape. It may appear too long or it may seem lopsided. I want to emphasize, however, that this condition is only temporary. The face will be a disappoint- ment, teo. The nose will be flat and bread, the chin will be re-

‘| ceded and the lower jaw will be

undersized. The cheeks probab- ly will avvear pretty pudgy. BLANK STARE

Of roirse all nev parents realize that all babies have dark blue eyes at birth. Byt the blank state you get from those deep blue pepers may startle you. And if the eyes are crossed or tura- ed every which way, you may he worried even more. : ‘The rest cf the baby is ant to leave you. a bit bewildered, too.

The neck will be short: in fact you might not even notice it at all. The shoulders will be small and sloping, but: the abdomen will be biz and round, The baby’s breasts probably will be: swollen.

ROSY RED CAST

As for the skin, well, that also leaves much to be desired. Since tthe skin is dry and thin, you may be able to ace veins under it. Downy hair may cover the skin and if the baby has a fair com- Plexion, the entire body. may have a rosy red appearance— temporarily.

When the baby cties hard, the bedy will become an evon deeper red and ‘ve veirs on his head will stand out and throb.

LEGS DOUBLED UP

Since in the pre-birth position the baby’s legs are doubled up against the abdomen, that prcb- a's'y is the way they wi'l be when you first. see ycur irfant. Gen-

are shorer than you might ex- pect.

All in all, a newborn baby at first sight proeSably will leave you a little worried.

But the tyke I have just de- scribed above isn’t unusual. He is just an average baby as birth.

Don’t worry abcut his appear- ance: he will change, I guaran- tee it. ¢ :

‘ QUESTION AND ANSWER

M.sr J.J.: Is it possible for a chi'd to get an in’ecticn ty sitting on a clean carpet?

Answer: No.

MAXIMS

Books are the quietest and most constant of friends; they | are the most accessible and wis- est of counselors, and the most patient of teachers.

OUR YESTERDAYS

(From The Guardian Files)

TWENYY-FIVE YEARS AGO «Feb. 12, 1934)

The lest meeting of the Sum- merside Town Council before the Civic Election, was held last nizht when town bills were pass- ed and reports cf committees re- ceived. Tae officers for, the civic electicn were appointed, An ex- tended report on the activities of the electric light plant. for the year was presented by Council- lor Schurman, and it was dscus- sed by the Councillors present.

The residence of Mr. Damien Duffy of Kelly’s Road, near Em- erald was totally destreyed by fire which broke out yesterday afterncon. It was believed. the fire was caused by a defective chimney. Al! the contents with the exception of the kitchen range Were desroyted.

4 : TEN YEARS AGO

(Feb. 12, 1948),

conducted during the past three months in Summerside. The Mar- athon was under the direction Mrs. A.S. Hopkins, Mrs. Tha A.. Campbell, and Mrs. Eric

Mr. Stanley H. McCauig, K.C., President of the Canadian Bar Association, was entertained at dinner at the Charlottetown Hote!) last night by the L&w Society of Prince Edward Island. Mr. W. E. Bentley, Presdent of the Law Society,. presided and _ introude- ed the\guest of honour.

’FLU AT ETON

WINDSOR, England (Reuters) Nearly half of the 1.120 boys at exclusive Eton College boarding school here are down with in- fluenza or have chickenpox or mumps, it was announced, Tues- day.

West Berlin.

Presumably, Dulles expects an early report from Prime Min- ister Macmillan on his impending visit to Moscow. And the White House laid special emphasis on

the ,assurance that the tough old w r expects to be back in his sea hen the big’ four foreign

minis¥rs hold their ence. . By that time, most of his old critics will have applied them- selves again to the duty of po‘nt- ing out the error of his ways. But their current expressions of es- teom offer an objact lesson to these who live in hope or fear of a breakup in the Western alli- ance. _ on

[May Disappoint |

4 little tot who had:

eraty; the lezs are bowed “and 7

is the safest industry in Canada. Logging is the most dangerous. Extreme caution is used in powd er plafts.—Toronto Telegram

The Northwest Territories ‘Council reports that potatoes weighing three pounds have been grown in the Canadian Are- tic and we just wonder ff a lot of them have holes in the centre.— Ottawa Journal

It has happened that a man has been accused of being drunk because he had a “glassy

recall given by yet acquir ed much of a vo¢abulary. Seeing a drunk flop along the street, she remarked: “Lock at the crooked man, daddy’*—Windsor Star

Why don’t offices, stores and factories have “milk breaks’? We don't want to. wish hard luck on Brazil, Colombia and Central America who grow our coffee, but why should it have to be a “coffee break”? We do produce our own milk while coffee is en- tirely an’ import and too frequent ly, according to the dairyman, it is drurk black, giving nct even a tiny aid to the dairy farmer.— Lendon Free Press

“glass eye’’, for real. an apt description o

“The emphasis on_ security means that no political party in Canada has any chance of suc- cess unless it promises to give everybody more money by tak- ing wider control cf our lives”, ceclared Professor. Marcus Long to a meeting of Retail Merchants. What an indictment of Canadian democratic freedom that is. And yet, is not the professor right?— Fort William Times-Journal

_The people of Cuba today ap- parently are happy. They have cheered Castro wherever he has gone. The joys of today be- come the tears of tomorrow, for Cuba will know no real peace under its new ruler. There can be no real peace or security in a nation when charity, in-its true sense, mercy and forgiveness are prohibited. — Quebec Chronicle- Telegraph. :

| In proportion to their popula- tion and wealth, the Scandinivian countries have a remarkably good record of service in intern- ational causes. Their latest con- tribution is a pledge to send 80 specialists from Norway, Swed- en and Denmark to staff a new medical center in South Korea, at a Cost of $7,000,000. The cen- ter was built by the United Na- tions Korean Reconstruction ; Agency. Korean nurses, phy- sicians and surgeons will be trained there.—Ottawa Citizen

27 ESCAPE REDS

China, Tuesday reached the Portuguese colony of Macao by beat after Ccemmunist o‘f.cials relaxed con- trols during the three - day Chi- nese New Year celebrations, re- liable sources said.

—

eye’, when in fact he did have a]

“Raises the sea in

Winnipeg school trust — e¢s apparently believe, with the — Mikado, that the punishment ~ should fit the crime. Many Wim — nipeg school yards are littered — with paper, cigarette butts and ether assorted garbage. The cure,

according to the trustees, is to. have the students . them:elves Clean tip the grounds.—Winnipeg Free Press ¢. ;

-

*

SUMMER WIND Ys this that wind which, when Its 5

fury wakes,

shakes. on

The forest like a reed, and strik- ing down

Casually, as it were, unroofs a town

Is this. that wind, which walks $9 gently now. Between the myrtle-leaf and lemon-bough— Utters more softly than the grasses speak, And tames itself to touch e@ baby’s cheek?

_ >. Audrey Alexandra Brown 1 the Montreal Star.

MINING BROKER

MONTREAL (CP) — Funeral services were held Monday for Gordon Henry Benson, 82, retired mining broker and prospector, who die iday. A hat.ve of Surrey, Enz., Mr. Benson came to Canada at the aze cf 17 and soon after went to the mining fields of northern Ontario as a vrospec- tor. He later joined the Montreal ~ Stock Exchange and the Montreal

} Curb Market.

ACTION UPHELD

PARIS (Reuters)—A Paris civil court Wednesday upheld the ar tion of a Paris clergyman who baptized two children as Chris tans at the request of their father but without the knowledze of their Jewish mother. The court dismissed a claim for one frene symbolic damages by Mrs, Georgette Gloden, the mother,

} against Re. Henry Brandreth,

Anglican minister. Both parents divorced in 1951, were Jewish by birth but the father became con- verted to Christianity.

The Age Old Story -

When He the Spirit of Truth is — He will guide you into all

most inexpensive salesman you can employ ---a

MACAO (Reuters? — Twenty- | seven persons from Communist | including five children, |

GUARDIAN - PATRIOT WANT AD

Phone 8506

few minutes.

; aa i 4 Most” gratifying results have | been realized from the I.0.D.E. Marathon Bridge which has been |

|

‘plicated and grave problems” of |

next confer-. e

on —

Ay

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