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Covers Prince Edward Island Like The new W. J. Hancox. Publisher

Iurlon Lewis Frdnk Walker

Executive Editor Editor

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air—s manurm'mic.__._

Conflicting Views

Liberal Leader Pearson k ee ps talking about the urgent need for another federal general election. He says the Government, ,with its lack of a majority. cannot conduct the nation's business “efficiently, con- etitutionally or with the long-term purpose required in the national in- terest." However, if he is counting on Social Credit to cast votes with a Liberal effort to unseat Mr. Diefenbaker, he might. harken to the \‘iews of Mr. Real Caouctte, deputy leader of that party. who was quoted in a Toronto newspaper the other day as saying: “We're not going to play politics like the Liberals.”

Mr. (‘aouette says his Yuletide holiday campaigning convinced him that the people did n’t want an election at this time. Nor did he think a spring election was likely. He left himself an “out” by adding that the price for Social Credit votes Is a budget containing proposals acceptable to the party, but this doesn‘t indicate any great change in his attitude since Parliament met after the last election.

It could be, of course. that Mr. Pearson will get his election sooner than he expects—by a voluntary dissolution of Parliament on the Government's initiative. But Trade Minister Hecs has gone out of his way to assure his constituents that this is unlikely. He wasn’t the man to make the decision on that quest- ion, he said. but his opinion was that the Government would press on with its program without a thought about taking that step soon.

In saying this, Mr. Hees was echoing the Prime Minister's Dec. 13 remarks to reporters: “The Gov- ernment intends to proceed with its program both economic and fiscal and at the moment there is no sug~ gestion or thought of any election.” A statement which. of course, left unanswered the question of how long is “at the moment.” But un- less Mr. Hccs was talking through his hat in his statement this week, or was deliberately misleading the electorate, government policy on this matter remains unchanged.

In any event, the Voters will be inclined to read partisan rather than public concern in Mr. Pearson's zeal for precipitating another elect- ion at this time. The need at pres- ent is to speed the work of Parlia- ment, not to sabotage it. As Dr. Eugene Forsz well said after the last contest, elections are not, held for the fun of it or to give any

leader a majority, but to elect a‘

Parliament to do the nation's busi- ness. The Government has been duly elected to get pressing busi- ness done, and it has met the votes of non-confidence established by parliamentary custom. It has a mandate to proceed further with sessional business, and leaders of all parties would do well to govern themselves accordingly.

New Learning Patterns . An exhibit which opened at Columbia University, New York, this week under the auspices of the U.S.'. Office of Education is of more than usual interest. It is plan- ned to enable teachers and others to acquaint themselves with the revolutionary , new teaching tech- niques and new designs for learn- Ing about which so much to being

i heard nowadays.

' Actually there are fewer novel machines—end in fact fewer teach- of any description—

than one might expect to find at such an exhibit. Instead, the em- phasis is purposely on “program- med instruction," at term often con- fused with teaching machines, be- cause it refers to the instructional materials that have to be so care- fully prepared before the teaching machine can operate successfully.

According to Prof. P. C. Lange, of Columbia staff, programmed in- struction is a much broader desig— nation for a sweeping technology “that emphasizes research, that wants results in terms of learned behavior, and keeps exploring more efficient and more effective pat- terns of instruction. It is a moving force that can be hitched to mach- ines, or books, or films, recordings, human lllSll‘fiCLOl‘S or combination.”

Stimulated first by a test in rapid arithmetic, the visitor to this exhibit, walks through winding aisles past colorful text material mount- ed in tall aluminum frames. This is intended to “orient” him. Eventual- ly he reaches a machine for teach- ing algebra, then other machines and a library of about 150 academic programs, in mathematics, gram- mar, English usage. elementary school reading, the language arts, science music. business training. and other subjects.

Last. but not least in'pressive, the visitors passes an enlarged photograph of a jubilant youngster, hand raised in a “wow” of triumph.

as the machine tells the boy he has _

the right answer. As yet there is no report of a “joy detector" being used, but one of the strong argu- ments for use of teaching machines has been the tremendous pupil satis- faction which accrues to the in- dividual learning.

The Meredith Case

If James H. Meredith follows his announced intention of not re- turning to the University of Missis- sippi for the second term, it will be hailed as a victory by the rabid segregationists of the South. Mr. Meredith‘s decision is hardly sur— prising. however, to those who have kept a check on the Negro student’s ordeal. He has been harrassed from the start and has been under a 24- hour guard by a group of United States marshals. In addition, a. large detachment of federal troops has been stationed at the school to keep peace and order.

However, it is well for outsiders to remember that this is a special case. The Christian Science Monitor

_ makes a good point when it says

that while Mr. Meredith has been much noticed by the world, during this school year some 8,400 more Negroes were admitted to US. southern schools with white pupils. The Southern Education Reporting Service now records a total of 255.367 Negro students in deseg- regated primary and se co )1 d ary schools—nearly 8 per cent of the total Negro student population in the South.

In many cases, says The Mon- itor, this mending of racial strife of a few years ago has proceeded so quietly as to have gone on un- noticed. The danger of more,Little Rocks, New Orleanses, or Oxfords is, to be sure, far from passed. In some states young Negroes will

doubtless push to move beyond the '

mere token desegregation now in effect. In others—~Alabama, Missis- sippi, South Carolina—mot even token enrollment has yet arrived.

But the watching world, well fed on details of the Ole Miss-Meredith explosion, should not negect entire— ly the import of the explosions that did not take place when those 255.367 Negroes went peaceably to school from Baltimore to Dallas last fall.

EDITORIAL NOTES

The ill wind which recently brought freezing temperatures to north Florida’s winter vegetable plantation, blew good for Mexican farmers. As a result of the Florida crop losses, winter vegetables grown in Mexico already are being shipped north of the Rio Grande at high prices.

I O O

The Swedish Government is to send 11,500 tons of paper, to be used in the manufacture of text- books, to India, Burma, lndonesla and Pakistan. This contribution la the first stage in s program of as. alatance to developing countries ap- proved by the Swedish Parliament last spring

I

".

DOWNHILL RUN NATO AFTER NASSAU l5 Fingers On The Nuclear Trigger? Globe and Mail. Toronto While there Is much about the I nuclear forces already station- I weapons. even‘ those

Nassau agreement that remains obscure. it is clear that the United States and Britain are , proposing a major change in the military organization of the alliance. NATO was created to meet the threat of Communist aggression in Europe and has i been armed with relatively short- : range weapons. It has been es- . scntially a defensive force. while the United States and Britain _ have rctaincd under their own § control strategic forces capable of striking at the Soviet Union. ;

N TO, also. has hover had 7 direct control of nuclear arms. Its forces have been trained and equipped with tactical nu- clear weapons. but the warheads { have been under the control of . the United States, to be released i only on the order of the Presi- dent at. the moment of emer-' S

ency. , All this would change under 1 the plan drawn up by Mr. Ken- I ncdy and Mr. Macmillan. They g propose immediately to assign a 1 proportion of their strategic bom- ber forces to NATO control, ‘ and to begin assigning Polaris missile-firing submarines to the alliancc in about 1970. , SELF CONTAINED FORCE t

In addition, they propose to I place some part of the tactical

PUBLIC FORUM

1'hls coiumn ll open to the dlecuuinn y correspondents of dilution: 0 I

ferest. The Guardian does not necea eerily e d rse nniuion of corres ponrlenls. All letters published are sub feet to editing and condensallon when Guardian ls unable Ir v correspondence regard-

I

enter Into , l Ing letter: euhmllla l # REPLY TO MR. HEENEY _‘ Sir, -— Mr. I "emphatic denial" of any form t of free money regarding Frost- Il ed Foods. 1 During External Auditing re- ‘ porting to House in 1960, Hon. M.J. McQuaid made these state- ments which were reported by The Patriot - Guardian (Match 16 - 17, mm: as 'Rough time for T a x p a y e r s': "The Gov- ernment of the day had made a loan 535.000 to Island Farm Services taking as secur- ity a mortgage on land the Ser- vices owned. When they default.- ed the Government solthe land on a mortgage sale and it was bid In by P.E. Island Frosted Fonds. Subsequentlv a deed was made on the land by the Govern- ment showing the consideration I $ 5, . This he stated “had not been paId nor are they charged with It on the Govern- ment books". He further stated “that when the Government made a loan of $450,000. to Fros- ted Foods they did not deduct the $35,000 due them on the mortgage sale". and further when the Frosted Foods be- en rears on payment of Interest to: the extent of $19,097, "the Government accepted 38,- 000 in full payment and wrote off balance". Therefore $46,097 of taxpay- ers' money has been lost to Mr. I-Ieeney. and If thls auditing statement is correct he owes a retraction to the public. How- an, if this statement Is not correct the ttorney-Gi-neral‘e department should say so. in. Sir, elc.. WOODROW WHEATLEY

Hecncy makeal

SEEKS CORRESPONDENT!

d in Europe under NATO com- mand. Thus NATO come a self-contained nuclear force, with ability to wage war on the battlefield and to make long-range nuclear attacks on the Soviet Unlon.

As NATO is a 15-nation alli- ance there would. presumably, be 15 fingers on the nuclear

i trigger, and Canada‘s would be

one 0 them. How such a com- mand structure could function no one has yet explained.

Nor has anyone yet explain- ed convincingly what advantag-

‘ cs are to be expected from mak-

lng NATO a strategic nuclear force. It would not ‘ clear weapons under any better

control as the United States ap: ; parently proposes to retain her . ned

own nuclear forces independent- ly of the alliance. and Britain

‘ would have the right to use Ithe

forces she assigns to NATO in- dependently In defense of “sup- rcme national interests."

If the advantages of making

NATO a strategic nuclear force l 1 are hard to see, there are, how-

ever, some obvious disadvantag- es. The Canadian Government. for example, has so far refused to have any part of nuclear

would be- ‘

rmg nu- 3

deslgned I specifically for defense. ‘ Now, under the Kennedy-Mac- . mlllan plan. we are being ask- } ed to accept a share of respon- 'sibility not only for defensive ; nuclear weapons, but for offen- {slve nuclear bombers and. ev- ientually. offensive missile-firing submarines.

Canada is not the only mem- lber of NATO which will have t to think most seriously before ] accepting the change envisioned. l The members generally will . have to be convinced that they , will have a voice In the political direction of the alliance before ey can accept strategic re- sponsibilities.

Mr. Diefenbakcr was right on Sunday to insist that the Ken- y - Macmillan agreement does not In any way bind other members of the NATO group of nations, and will have to be stu- died. first, by the permanent officials of the alliance In Paris I and. then, at the NATO Council .; meeting in Ottawa In May. The transformation of the alliance in- :to a strategic nuclear force

. t matter to be decided 1 without the fullest consideration l of the political and military im- iplications for all the 15 mem- l bers.

n 3"

Common Market Issue

Doug

Marshall

By Canadian Press Staff Writer

The cruclal question facing British negotiators In next week's European Common Mar- ket discussions on agriculture Is the cost of an Englishman's daily bread.

Grain prices have given Brit- lsh politicians more heartaches during the last 200 years than almost any other peacetime Is- sue.

During the 18th and early 19th centuries high tarlffs on wheat protecting English farm- ers left many working - class people begging In the streets.

Sir Robert Peel's abolition of the tariff in 1846 was achieved only after one of the bitterest squabbles in parliamentary hisi-

. t we. the Issue spilt the Conservative party for nearly 20 years.

All during the Victorian era debate raged between free trade and protectionist advo- cates, and It was only with the establishment of the Common- wealth preference system In 1932 that satisfactory agree- ment was reached.

HAS TOUGH CHOICE

Now Britain Ia face-to-face with the harsh alternatives of

ending the Commonwealth pref- erence system or staying out of the Common Market. Observers are generally agreed that France will remnln lntransigent on terms protecting Its own farmers.

During the Christmas holiday a special committee represent- Ing Britain and the six Common Market countries has working on the agrlcultural problem. It wIll report to mln- Istcrs In Brussels on Tuesday or Wednesday. Reports reach- lng London suggest the commit- tee made little progress.

Meanwhile the British govern- ment appears to have been busy rallying Its allies lnslde Europe for the make-or-break session. Gerhard Schroeder. Germany's pro - British foreign mlnister. was wined and dlned In White- hall last weekend and Prime Minister Macmillan travels to Rome Feb. I.

Macmillan's vIsIt to Italian Premler Amlntore Fanfanl was announced amld background rumors that a Rome - London axle was developing to counter the link between Parts and Bonn, but so far there Is little evldence to substantiate this.

Drunken Driving

Cbriatlan Science Monlier

Gov. Richard J. Hughes of New Jersey Is one of perhaps a number of gov rs calling at- tention of their state legislature: to the need for stricter In W s against drunken drlvlng.

The drinking problem. a e y a Mr. Hughes, “dominates any discussion of death on our high- ways." And basic to any effec- tive program of controlling the drinking driver, he declares, In an "Implied consent" law. Such a statute provldes that a holder of a driving llcense may be re- qulred to take a “dmnkometer”

Slr.——I em a Japanese girl, and would like very much to correspondent with Canadian people In order to find out more about Canada and Canadlens. My hobbies are reading, travel- ling and taking snapshots.

h your

cmntry. I love Anne of Prince

Edward Island. Yours truly.»

MIDORI 01

I) We. mum-m-

m1.

test If suspected of operatlng a motor vehicle while under the influence of alcohol.

llght states, among them New York, Minnesota, Nebras-

ke. and Idaho. now have such a u... new. Imam. service. cum, r...

law. Theneend a still larger Ins aextmeuibwllldowente turned to his Innis Inhaler

number. minutely half of see ow their state laws dent mulla- Hfl- mm. eleevls-

my?th all, In]. but”; In this lieu here am the week;

(2 em as ‘ a... vol—m m m rue mm as e “of rs. leetene our: advantage The 9i... my. ' mtheeerlyyeereuf ,eltlrelenrevolmncuaete (been M~

breth tests was lines «annuals-eves- centuries ' genes

are brdslrip. ' m m

question as In what

5’- is

. telltlea cursed annually

of alcohol content In the blood Ihou be taken as Indlcattng serious loss of control. Most state laws now regard 0.15 per cent as constitutlng prime facle evidence. and 0.05 to 0.15 per cent as provldlug support- Ing evldence In the presence of other factors. There Is consid- erable medical testlmony that

strument on the highways. Sure- ly. In view of the number of le- dunno

Jgalnsi wearing _ during pregnancy.

Women Advised Look To Garters

By Dr. Theodore R. Van Della. THERE .OUGHT to be a law

Denis Cavanagh of Miami. We did not realize that women at wear these Items but the plea has merit for those who do and who wish to preserve their veins during pregnancy. Ex- pectant mothers also should avoid prolonged standing and and excessive weight gain.

Most of this applies to women with a family history of varicos- ities. These dilated. worm-like channels develop in women (and men) who have Inherited weak blood vessels. Pregnancy and prolonged standing don't. cause the condltiou but hasten It by Impeding the flow of blobd. This is turn increases tension within the vein. causing the walls to balloon out.

Pregnant women with van- cos'e veins should rest with the legs elevated many times dur- ing the day. A better plan Is to «wear elastic stockings or band- ages to keep the veins collaps- ed and the ankles from swelling’. Apply before getting out of bed In the morning when the legs are as small as they ever will be during the ensuing it

try.

Should these varicositles be treated during pregnancy? Most physicians prefer to wait, even though the Injection treatment or surgical removal has no Ill effects. Operations seldom are recommended d u r i n g preg- nancy u n l e s it absolutely ne- cessary to save life or prevent disability. We have learned to be conservative at this time be- cause women are likely to blame any procedure for mls- carriages, premature labor, or any other complication of preg- nancy.

Varicose veins are suscepti- blP to infection (phlebitis) and treatment is required w h e n this develops during pregnancy. The d i s o r d e r is suspected when pain and redness of the skin occur along the course of the vessel. In some Instances, it Is necessary to rest in bed for a day or two with the leg. ele- vated and kept warm by a heating lamp or an electric pad followed by the use of the elas- tir- st 0 c kin g or bandage.

Inflammation of the deep veins in the log Is more serious and Is suspected when the ank- le in the involved leg swells and the calf muscle becomes tender to the touch. Hospitalization ls suggested because antibiotics and drugs that reduce clotting may be needed:

(Dr. Va n Dcllcn wt" 5 e n d leaflet on va ricose veins If stamped, self-addressed enve- lope accompanies request.)

TEA FOR CHILDREN

Mrs. M. writes: My husband and I like iced tea for dinner every night. Now the children want it too. They are ages 13, 10, and six. and drink their full quota of milk. Is It safe to glvo them tea?

A little tea will do no harm. provided It does not take the place of essential foods and does not keep them awake.

INGENIOUS FIGURING

J.E. writes: I'm a young man with no record of my birth. But I‘ve had the seven year Itch th r e e times. Would this prove I'm 21?