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PAC E FOU R

THE (JCUARDIAN

Rlurlllll] lluily (Founded In 1M7) Aullmrlznl Ill savour] Clan llilll. Pflll UNI“ lll-pinrluu-nl, llllanu.

The lllnnil iiuai-iilqn Publlnliliiu Uo. 54m" and hlimuglng Din-Nor. J ls. tiuruolt. Auuvlata Eilltnr, l-‘runlr Walker.

"The Strangest Memory is Weaker Th0" the Weakest Ink."

CBARLOTTETIHVN. TUESDAY, JANUARY <1. 1949

The ilhigneoto Banal

There is no question but that our Provincial Government, members of Parliament, Boards of Trade and other bodies will be prepared to co- operate wholeheartedly with the Chignecto Canal Committee in pushing to successful completion the long-delayed plans for the waterway devel- opment across the Chignecto lsthmus. lt is worth recalling that this proiect was one of the provisions under which the Moritimes agreed to enter Confederation in i867. Though Prince Ed- ward lsland did not come in at that time. but at a later period under our own special terms, we were equally interested along with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia in the Chignecto policy, and its non-fulfillment to this day is as much a matter of concern to as as to our neighbours.

As noted on several occasions in these col- umns, the proposed canal would bring this Pro- vince ZZS miles closer by water to our-customers in the United States, West Indies and South American ports, and shipping to Boston and other centres could be done by small coastal vessels, lt would also bring here a large steam- ship traffic. Years ago, at a Commission hear- ing here, the late Mr. Nelson Rattenbury, on behalf of the Charlottetown Board of Trade, of- fered figures to show that 15,000,000 built- els of Island root vegetables could be moved through the canal annually and that the saving to shippers in freight costs would run to $640.- 000. At present freight costs, of course, these figures would be much higher today.

ln addition to these and other transporta- tion advantages, it was shown at the recent meeting at Sackville that the canal construction could be conjoined with u huge development plan of hydro-electric energy having apotential at 135,000 horse power, which an eminent Ot- tawa engineer recently estimated as being leas- ible provided a certain type. ohwateyrway con- struction is followed. Embodied in this Pit"! '5 also the reclamation and rehabilitation of tide- water-damaged marshes and bog lands. _

Tho hydro-electric aspect of the proposed canal is of unquestionable value for ll\_ n0 part of Canada is an adequate supply of low- cost electrical energy needed nwffi Th0" "1 the Moritimes, lt cannot be gainsaid but these Pyqvince; would have been much better off in every way had potential power developments, .such as that existing at Chignecto, been under- taken years ago. Any project which would oflfllbli‘ this Province to share in such a scheme would oe of paramount importance. _ _

Now that an ETIETQIPITQ force of Maritime business and governmental authorities have ac- tively taken up the promotion of the development of the Chignecto Canal plan, their lead should enlist a greatly widened interest and support in pressing the Dominion Government ta proceed with the undertaking. The press geflcffllll’ throughout the Atlantic Provinces has been un- animous in its advocacy of the propect and can be counted on to further stress the merits of the development as well as the necessity of early action in bringing it to fruition.

Churchill 0n Socialism

Though in Opposition, Mr. Churchill con- tinues to dominate the British parliamentary scene. His speeches aro as pungent as ever, as smoothly polished and as sharply barbed. 50m The Times parliamentary reporter comes the fol- lowing excerpt of one of his recent addresses, which is self explanatory:

"Today the Socialists boasted that ‘they were the opponents of Communism. Socialist parties in every European country had been found altogether inadequate barriers against it; indeed, as the Steel Bill showed, they were the hand- moids and heralds of Communism. (OPDOSITIOYI cheers) They prepared the way at every step ‘for its further advance. _

"Communist textbooks were lull of fhfll theme. Of ihc differeno- between Socialism and Communism he had said a good many years ago that a strong dose either of Socialism or Com- munism would kill Britannia stone dead and at tho inquest the only question for the iury would be: Did she fall or was she pushed? (Loud laugh- ten)"

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[EDITORIAL i nu I Ls /

The Week of Prayer.

St. Dunstan s.

Ir

The Junior Farmers at I I

The mildest New Year's day for years was experienced Saturday, and continued over the week-end.

a 1r or a

The search for a better storage battery has advanced the small step of eliminating one more prospect. American researchers, as reported by the magazine, Motor, have ruled out nickel-cad- niium batteries for use in cars. Despite certain advantages, the battery is too large, heavy and expensive for adoption, i‘ I

Bertrand Russell, or as he now is, Earl Rus- sell, finds that the great problem facing the world today is to turn humanity's savage in- stincts into peaceful pursuits. "Life without ad- venture," he said, "is likely to be unsatisfying but a life in which adventure is allowed to take whatever form it will is sure to be short." ' I‘ I The last remaining system of fixed har- bour defences in the United States has been cismantled. The 16-inch guns of San Francisco are being scrapped in favour of unified har- bour defence schemes employing surface and undersea craft, short and long range bombard- ment planes and underwater mines. By way of contrast, recent reports indicate that guns are being again mounted as part of the defences of Halifax. I i I I Tomorrow the Maritime Transportation Commission meets in Moncton to make final pre- parations for the Board of Transport Commis- sioners’ freight rate hearing in Ottawa next week. Theoretically the Board and the Royal Commission can between them consider every aspect of the problem. There is a very real dan- ger, however, that Maritime arguments will be lost between the two. Ir .. .

Attention of every one is directed to the proposal of Mr. G. Henderson Smith, Calgary, that the three Maritime Provinces and New- foundland should form a regional consultative Legislature to discuss questions of mutual in- terest, the results of which would be submitted to the respective legislatures for approval or disapproval. lt seems a step in the right direc- lion, and would tend to unify the Maritimes in presenting claims, etc. at Ottawa. He suggests that the Regional headquarters should be at Charlottetown, as the central province.

¥ '1‘ V As in Canadian universities, overcrowding at British universities has aroused fears that leaching standards will suffer. As a result en- trance regulations may be revised. The pres- ent policy of making university training open to all young men and women able to profit by i.‘ hos almost doubled university population and caused "quite a serious deterioration in the standards of university life," says a report by the university grants committee on university development between 1935-47. "ln few other fields are numbers of so little value compared to quality properly developed," it warns. "Aca- demic standards once lowered are irretrievable."

w w a

Joseph Jacques Cesare Joffre, French sol- dier, born this date i852, died 1931; served as a lieutenant of engineers in the war of 1870-71; in 1885 served as captain in the lndo-Chiriese -campaign, organizing the defences of Formosa and Tongking; promoted maior and decorated; his name first became public in 1894 when he occupied Timbuktu when he was promoted Lieut.- Colonel and received the Legion of Honour. His further promotion was rapid till in 1909 he was Chief of the General Staff implying supreme command in war time, which he was in World War I. While France and Europe seemed to be in the direst peril,‘ he was the one man who re- mained cool and unflurried, and he quietly or- ganized the "Miracle of the Mame." He was raised as Marshal of France, a title which had been in obeyance since 1871 and specially reviv- ed for him. Distinguished for his simplicity of character and life, alertness and clearness oi mind, and organizing power, known by his sol- diers as Grand-pore.

¥ ¥ IF

Unless the recent international agreement for protecting the world's whale herds is follow- ed to the letter, the great mammals are threat- ciied with extinction, according to W. T. Lar- n-our, Ottawa feature writer. Canada, he says, must set on example to the other 15 nations who signed the convention. "Besides keeping it herself," he writes in an article in the January issue of Forest and Outdoors magazine, "she must help see to it that the others do the some." Deploring the lack of protective laws until re- cently, the writer says they could have easily resulted in Canada having an important and

Excise Taxes

Whether or not income taxes are to be scal- ed down at the coming session of Parliament, it seems likely that Mr, Abbott's 1949 budget will tackle the long-overdue overho of wartime, lux- ury ond excise taxes, many of hich at present

. hang like barnacles around e fiscal ship of state. According to the Financial Post, these were due to be trimmed in the llsley budget of 1947 but at the last minute the much-needed pruning was sidetracked. In 1948, nothing was done be- cause of the dilemma of new 25 per cent excise

taxes imposed by reason of the dollar-conscr-

votion program.

ln the fiscal year ending March, 1947, the Government collected $200 millions in miscel- laneous commodity taxes (exclusive of sales tax and taxes on transportation, amusements and gasoline).‘Most of those ore o hangover from wartime "luxury" and curtailment taxes. They rungs from taxes on toothpaste to fur coats. The Post predicts as ”pretty certain" that they will be overhauled and many of them obliterated

lucrative whaling industry. Today, whale pro- ducts hove a multitude of uses; in the produc- tion of margarine, lard and soap, to mention but n few. There are ten species of wholes found in Canadian waters. Of these, three are on the verge of extinction, five are at a dangerously low population level and two are not commercially important. "The salient fact concerning Can- ada," he continues, "appears to be that she has sat back since time immemorial, unconcern- ed, while foreign wholers pillaged our waters."

the British Columbia coast caught less than 200 whales. ln 1911, the take was 1,198. The catch ol whales in Quebec waters in 1935 was 577. In 1945 it was 66. A Newfoundland whaling station

in 1947." Summing up, the writer says slaughter of the world's whale herds ls a classic

next spring.

vention of 1946.

"ln 1948, the one whaling industry operating off at

reported 105 whales taken in 194B against 500 the

example of the predatory of modern civiliza- tion. And today the futuro of the great creature is uncertain In spite of the fact that it got an eleventh hour reprieve by the International Cen-

ITHE GUARDIAN. cunmnrrizvoivisi,

.___,,_

, lei,

HUSH

There was a hush uP°I1 u"? bTW- Evenlng crossed the silent. stream. Na wind aisiiiroeo a sinsls boneh- Along the brink of $1855)’ firem- A cooling breath came 5011811018 through graying space between the walls.

The houses on the sky withdrew. Behind the quiet. curtain falls-

The

Alrtnost too exquisite to bear.

This long suspendl"? 91' the 99m- Flesh supported by the alr— V Walking the filtered light alone.

iElizabeth Howell in the Washlni- ton Post.

__.

WOW Old Charlottetown (And e. u. I.)

COJNFEDEBATION ORATORY

I always regarded l-lori. David Laird as one of the wittlest and most convincing speakers of his day, I remember one OCBBBIO" vihcn political feeling ran high that he seemed to be at his best. It was Nomination Day. and "l9 liustlngs was erected on Market. Square. The great question under discussion was the terms that he had secured at Ottawa as a condi- tion of the Island entering the Can- adian Confederation. l-le tried to show that the offer was the best that could be obtained and that It ought to be accepted.

"Suppose," said the orator In stoutorian tones, "that I was about to trade a horse with Mr. Davies, that merchant yonder." “What has a horse to do wltli Confederation?" shouted some fellow In the crowd. "Supposef repeated Mr. Laird, “that I was going to trade A horse-—". "What has a horse got to do with it?" shouted the fellow again. “Well. then." roared Mr. Laird, "we will say an ass. as you will be better able to see the point!" This sarcasm evoked roars of laughter oven from the speaker's opponents, and the hccklcr was hcarcl no more.

- From an ririii-lo by the late Mr. J. ll. Fletcher, 1900.

Atomic Trains

lQllOllfiL‘ Chranicloifolegrupht

iii ‘Z048 "our lrziiiis may hc paw- orcd by atomic energy and driven at supersonic speeds". according lo n vision of railroading a century hence set forth in Chicago at the recent. burial of a limo capsule there- marking the 100th annivers- rry of 1'l1l(.l-\\'PSl\"I‘l1 rail transporta- li-sn. T110 outlook was given by R. Williams, president. of the Chicago and North Western Railway, urliose "Pioneer" locomotive mode the first rail run from Chicago just 100 years ago. The capsule. which "slaps the clock" on railroading for the gener- ation a century ahead, contains a photographic documentation of op- erations as they exist today, and written predictions by designers and news iniaLvsisis on how the “arid \vill look in 2048. A two-ion concrete tube. it is considered by atomic scientists to be safe from anything but a direct atom-bomb hit.

Before [',l\'llllZ the signal to lower the capsule into the earth-an the

r-xucl. site of Chii-agds first rail di-pot-Mr. liVilliums said: “Our atomic scientists toll us that the

energy released by splitting the atom "ivill be harnessed for use by the railroads. This may not. become rrin-tical for another 5O yours, but ll is certain that atomic energy will b». playing n vital role in the trans- portation of people and goods by 1045. Sonic- imuginuthc designers lrnlievv lilo monorail will play an IVIPDFIIIIII role iii the railroads of llio future. Others believe that sup- UISOHlI‘ tub-Jo. much as litter-office messages are sr-nl today in vacuum lubos will cover the distance from BtlllSl-lO-(‘OHSI ln about three hours llfiil eliminate tlir- need for sleeping lcvoiiiinoiluliims."

Recognizing Israel

(Exchnngoi /

Extension by lhi- Canadian Gov- (fHFflPlll of "ilo IIIVIO" or provis- ional l‘f‘l'0{jl\l1l0fl of the Slate of 1s- zacl will seem lo mast Canadians lu lw n vJmlJinflllOtl of common sc-iisc- iiiid liumim justice.

lSl‘lll"l was proclaimed on May l5. i948. During the seven months that ltave elapsed, tho State of Is- rael. in llio opinion of the Canadian (tovornmont, has glvnri satisfactory proof tli-it. it. vompllos with the r-ssciitinl x-c-iiililloiis of statehood. ‘Phcse essential (‘OIKIIIIDHS are gen- erally recognized to be external in- rlapcnilonr-e rind effective internal szovoritmc-nl within a reasonably ‘well-defined territory.

Cnnnrln took a leading part in the United Notions discussions of Pa- lestine and ln the formation in No- vember. 1947. at the U. N. resolution rccommenning partition. The area Israel now controls in Palestine ll "Pl Pfsflsoly that of the resolutlon‘s definition. but our recognition of the present. Israeli Government fol- lows lozloollv upon our recom- mendation that there be establllhed lust such a government. Besides. Israel ls there; the Government of

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BACK TO NORMAL .

Israel is there. For us to continue to pretend neither ll there would argue us unknowing.

One sentence of the official an- nouncement of Canada's recognition should not be overlooked by the Is- melt Government nor by her sup- porters In this and other lands. Re- cognition, says Canada. ls extended. "In the hope that It may be pos- sible to settle these and all other outstanding questions in the spir- it of the resolution adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations on December 11, 1948."

The December resolution set up a conciliation commission of three members to take over the duties of the U. N. mediator and culled upon the Jewlsn and Arab Governments themselves lo negotiate and work out their own agreements “with the view to final settlement of all queg. tions outstanding between them."

ll ls to be hoped that as Israel gains the world's recognition (Cun- zirlu is the 19th state to full in lino), she will act more respectfully to- ward the U. N.'s resolutions and re- quests, temper her natural national fervour with a more painstaking cure of the spirit of U. N. Canada welcomes her to the family of mi- tions. but the recognition extends responsibilities as well as privileges

accepted.

A U. S. Tribute

(New York Tiimes)

The British ‘Throne ls an Institu- tion most Aimerlcans mid it. lmra to understand. It. is ful of contra- dlclzlons. Its occupant. ls often as be- loved as though he had been c.cc.- ed by an overwhelming vote, yet he is chosen by the accident of birch alone. The British national anthem ls is prayer for his preservation, he ls treated as though ‘he were in fact. a ruler, yet. his Ministers tell him what. to say. 'I‘radltlon clothes him like a. coronation robe. yet. within the tradition he and his close rela» tlves are the more popular if they behave like o typical British middle- class family. So long as the Corn- monweulth stands — the British Commonwealth, as King George ex- plicitly called It. in his Christmas radio broadcast—he is by the same token King of each member nation. But. he ls King by consent. obtained without personal election. for. as

and Canadians will hope they are -

overseas terrltorlu.

On Chrlstimu Day he referred bouchfngly to the family symbols- hls silver weddlnx, his first grand- child. his own recent. illness. All of them, as he sold. brought. demor- strutlons of "good-will and affec- tion." The cynlcs will say that the race of man loves a lord. but the British seem also to love slmpJclLy and goodness, and would rather have these qualities in their King than greatness. A great King. would be, indeed a fish out of water, uri- happy because ho would breathe an atmosphere in which a majestic intellect or an ambitious personal- ity was not called for.

A King speaking _of "widening the bounds of freodmi" would have surprised our ancestors. Yet. tut. British Throne ls in many cases an agency of that. purpose. The King

could not nay no ff he wanted to. but. it ls clear that this modest. man. fhrovm by historic accident Into I

Job he did not. apply for. would not. want. w. The decrees he signs, after hhe ancient manner, are those the common people of Britain have or- dained. In a sense they are the King now and he, good, conscient- ious man. ls the Common People.

Stry

. Tho liga-

IXIJllIIl-inl

lle bloueth the habitation of the Juli. . . . The house of the righteous shall child . . . The tabernacle of the upright- shill flourish.

NO CONTILACTION

Lungflslaes have rges with DW- 11s that do not change in slu- -_____.€____—--

G. F. Hutcheson 8r Son

OPTOMETILISTS

‘Specialist! lu the fitting of (lanes tor the correcting at

ocular defeats." so GRAFTON STREET

Ireland has just. demonstrated. he can be deposed 1n his self-governing

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SOCIAL SECURITY

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IIYIIIIIRIIII 8i 00.. Llllllfoll

Provincial Mount: Charlottetown _ -

ALLIIOII P. IoLIAN-Dlstrm lunar at Dumbbells -lttltrlot Inna Insane

Imam-id; — Melton!

If

‘IIIOIIAI hIoAVlNlI-lpoolol lepronaulatlvo NUTI-loploolltotlh n Dlllll! , 9 Iii-Representative at Instance _

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- Notes By

Mus I. learnlu‘ b fly faster. kill quicker and work slower than he ever did before: 1- Quebec Chron- tale-Telegraph.

Colt of living hll till" flllmllllll up. Now people are watching for the old truism, what goes up must. came clown. How soon or how long? -St. Catharine: Standard.