l

"no ltlouost memory B VOIIIIVEIQ , , tho Iruliou III.”

THURSDAY. 3E?l'o um INC

Another Island "First"

if Loiiviiicuig evidence that the Farmers Bank of Rustico, P. E. 1., was the first "people's bank" in Caiiaila-pei-Imps in North America Lhas been gathered by Dr. John T. Cmteau, of the lfniversity of Notre Dame. lndianii. and formerly profes- sor of cconomics at St. Dunstan's l,'nivci'sil)' and Prince of Wales Col- lege heic. Dr. tlrotcau presented the lesult of his detailed investigations into this subject in the form of an article which appeared last June in 'iLa Revue d' I-listorie de l'Amerique 1'-irancaise,” and has now been re- published in English in somewhat dondenscd form, in the current issue Qf the Dalhousie Review.

The Farmers' Bank of Rustico was organized among I group of Acadian farmers and chartered by the Island Legislature in 1863. It con- tinued operations till 1894. It was, as

r. Croteau notes, by far the small- cst bank, measured in share capital, ever to operate in Canada. It was the precursor of the North Ameri- dan credit union movement through its influence upon the pioneer credit union organizer, Alphonse Desjardins of Quebec. Another point of interest is that It was founded under the leadership of the Rev. George-An- toine Belcourt, one of the great mis- pjonaries of the West. who, after a notable career among the Indians, came to the parish of Rustico and, in the decade after 1859 led an economic and social revival among fthe Acadian people. Father Belcourt is also known for his inventive lgenius, and for his having operated, in Rustico, one of the first horseless carriages of which there is any record in this country.

Much of the material contained In Dr. Croteau's article was gathered at first hand here in the summer of 1954. Accompanied by Dr. J. H. Blanchard, of Charlottetown, he vis- ited several old residents of Rustico

and surrounding areas and gained much valuable information. This in addition to the detailed search of documents in the Public Archives of Canada, the Public Library and Legislative Library here, old news- paper files and numerous other bources. He was fortunate in obtain- ing, among other data, I photostat copy of I letter from Father Bel- court expdunding the principle of "people's banks, which had been pub- lished in Le Moniteur Acadien on Nov. 13. 1873.

g -Dr. Croteau's findings are so in- leresting that they might well be lptudied by the Historical Sites and Monuments Board of Canada, with I view to having a monument erected at Rustico to the first peo- ple's bank in this country. As an- other Prince Edward Island ”first",

fran-

Jt. certainly is one which dcsciycs to l

recognized officially, and in some permanent form. I

Racial "Purity"

People who advocate racial dis- riininstion-and they are not all In ' e Southern States by any means i ften try to preserve the "purity" f the white race. The inference is It only Europeans and their off- ringin the Americas and elsewhere of pub bloui, Ill other races are ted--In greater orflesser degree. the World Methodist Conference being held in North Carolina I

Ill! I110.-If 0, than 5.(Xl0 delegates

- Nil? tlit theory is "scienti- well Is morally ' . I-Iozpolnted out that of the It out- ihnlcsf plo of the

is-Iglou It Tlbat. 'l1ieII lino ro- uslnedmuchnsthey wereinthe beginning of their history. for the simple reason that on the wholo they have been able to maintain their isolation from the rest of man- kind.

"Significantly enough," he con- cluded, "these groups are the most backward of the human species. So, our race 'pui-lstl is confronted by I three-horned dilemma. He has either to admit that he, as every other man. comes from a common ancestry (this is what the anthropologists say) or that his Caucasian stock is actually I mixture, or that in view of the backward condition of lpure' races existing today (the pigmies, for example), there is no real pride in claiming to be a member of a 'pure' race."

As for blood itself, everybody knows by now that the blood of a Negro or a Chinese or an Eskimo is exactly the same as the blood of the white man. Duringithe Second World War h u n d r e d s of white soldiers, sailors and airmen fiom the Southern states owed their lives to the injection of Negro blood in their veins. In emergencies no one asked where blood for transfusions came from. Yet, it has not been iecorded that any of them was the worse for the experience. The truth of the matter. of course, is that all racial strife is born of deeply rooted preju- dice. That is not to be dismissed as a little thing. It is probably the greatest single force in all the divi- sions that distrub human relation- ships. Even if all Southerners-white and negro-were to start afresh and follow a wise program based on scientific knowledge, it would take generations for the prejudices to be overcome. It is unrealistic to expect an old social tradition, however im- moral and stupid it may be, to suc- cumb to enlightenment in a year or two. But it would be I lot easier if

,this confusion of prejudice with

racial purity-two things which have nothing in common-could be clear- ed up. This is something the civil law cannot do. It may be that theo- logy and anthropology-which do have much in common-will have to be brought to bear on the problems in increasing measure if order is ever to replace the present chaos. And that, of course, will be a slow process, involving education in its most comprehensive meaning.

EDITORIAL NOTES

Whatever else may be said about the United States agricultural price- support program, there is no ques- tion about its high cost of operation. A report says that in the last fiscal year ended June 30 there was a net loss of approximately S975 million, almost 55200 million more than the year before. At the present time the government has I814 billion invest- ed in farm products.

0 O O

The Duke of Argyll-Ian Douglas Campbell, Ma ste r of the Royal Household of Scotland, Keeper of the Great Seal of Scotland, Admiral of the Western Coasts and Isles, Hereditary Sheriff of Argyll and Keeper of the Royal Castles of Du- noon, Dunstaffnage, Garrick and Tarbert-is not the man to pass up a baivbee. He has opened his Iri- verary Castle to tourists at two shillings a head.

I C O

A report from London indicates that Englishmen have other prob- lems to consider besides Egypt's nationalization of the Suez. A really tough one is how to find enough piano players to keep things lively in the pubs. Small pay and long hours, together with more attractive offers in less'convivial places, have brought about I serious shoitago. Some of the houses have installed music making machines, but most patrons don't care for the inno- vatlon.

O 0 O

, French Government officials are said to, feel that the United States "betrayed" Britain and France in the Suez crisis. The word may be I little on the severe side; but every- body lsltould know by now that any- thing American Government-officials msy sIy between now and Novem- berlmtst bslflterpnted in terms of I oxpdency.-Nothing less

tplllal qua; Iiucuttack on thIiQIItin-

;

4 iuwould f lde

THE GOOD EARTH

OTTAWA REPORT

mBl"liishWCl)lumbia's Big Boom

By Patrick Nicholson

OTTAWA: New British Colum- bia has got everthing.

Our fortunate Pacific Coast prov- ince has always enjoyed our best climate: today it also offers the highest level of prosperity among our prnviiii-es. A spokesman for the federal department of Trade and Commerce here tells me that British Columbia's astonishing Ic- onomic expansion is setting new records: records which have nev- er before been either approached or imagined.

These records will shortly be emphasised by the announcement that two more big United States industries will build branch plants in the Vancouver area. In one case. the preparations have been com- pleted already; plans for the sec- ond Irc far advanced. But as I write this. neither industry is yet quite ready to disclose its iden- tify and objectives.

The advent of natural gas, piped across the Rocky Mountains. is re- sponsible for attracting these two Industries. This new fuel offers the double advantage of I low price and the incidental provision of by-products which can be utilized In the chemicals industry.

Our most go-ahead province was leading the parade even before these new plans became known. Trade Minister Howe recently sub- mitted a report to Prime Minia- ter St. Laurent. outlining the econ- omic picture across the country. This picture was rosy for the na- tion as I whole; it was glowing for Ontario: but it was sensation- al Ior British Columbia.

FIFTY Pl-IR CENT GROWTH

B. C's Power supply and other utilities are being expanded; na- tural rcsnurces developed: manu- facturing industries introduced:

and new plants and homes built. These developments together will represent an Investment. cost which will be I staggering 50 per cent higher than last year": rec- ord investment progrsm. This is double the rate of increase achiev- ed by the l955 program. It is also the biggest acceleration of devel- opment ever record in Canda.

"We have never heard of any- thing llke it." my informant in the Trade Department told me. "This program expansion is so big that we can hardly envisage any prov- ince belng able to achieve so much in one year."

The total expenditure on new plants, installations and buildings,

and on expanding or renovating '

existing facilities, will cap 81.50, 000.000 this year. This huge sum is more than one-quarter of the amount which the federal govern- ment will spend on all the defence welfare. and other services nup- plied for the whole nation in the year. 7

The sum being spent on new development alone is well over one billion dolars. compared to 5680, 000.000 last. year. This expansion is 51 per cent more than last year's I rate of developme t never be- fore approached anywhere in Can- Ida.

The growth of primary indus- tries and the new building pro- gram are both maintaining last year's high figures. In contrast. the supply of new light power and fuel utilities will be well over dou- ble last yC3l'll rate.

And Is proof of the solid base of British Columbia's new -boom there is I 77 per cent increase ov- or last year in the creation of new manufacturing and other secon- dary industries.

Erratum, By The Bard

New York Times. Sept. 4

Willi the school lcrm about to begin this is perhaps a poor time to take issue with ShakesP9RF9- Such heresles should be held back, at least until the textbooks have hccn opened. In "Kins Richard II." however, there is I line deserving I little sharp at- tention, It comes in the death-nf-

kings speech, and reads”.... let us sil upon the ground and tell sad stories. This is nnt the

Bard at his bcsl: indeed, it sounds like a case of her-dless, careless, hurrying writing. To tell sad slo- rics--indccd to nieiiliate. to broad. plan or even to whittlc-a man sits not upon the ground, but on a stone or slump.

How did the usually impeccable Shakespen r let this one pass? There is I possibility that having mentioned. an act before. "This precious stone set in the sliver son" he did not wish to overdo the image of stones. There also is. of course. the almost limitless possibility of Bacon. Be that Is It may, the line has come down. familiar and often quoted, casusl and unrealistic Is it is.

Hard to Do

The reason I man docs not sit upon the ground is all too obvious. The ground simply is not built for sitting. It has I great many wor- thy uses, and Is has been dis- covered again this summe , It ll the ideal plsce for lying. But not .for sitting. Especially for those of Iftertcxibook years. the ground is I long way down. and the pull of the force of gravity overbur- den: ancient muscles both going down and arising.

Also there is no plIce to put the feet while sitting flat upon the ground, for the hip joint: no Ions- C "seem to manage right angles, at the knot Joints those of dqrees. II short. I inn sitting

lNi

i shifted he can

ti comfort. llc can sit on It without permanently injuring his back, and when the warming sun has easily rise Ind move elscwhcre. There also is something about I stone or I stump which inspires I man into poctry- into the type of thin! which Richard continues on to Ichlevc.

For example. dreams are far braver things when they come to a stone or I stump than when they arrive prosaically at I kit- chen chair back home. It cannot be only that the chair is somehow 'rcminiscent of the budget. where- II the stone means monetary free- dom. (or the budget naturally is considered everywhere. While sitting on the slonc. however, the dlfflcultles seem solvable. where- as in the kitchen (here is B con- stant reminder of the need for I

'new refrlgerntnr. If the dream solving of this problem is not poetry, name something else more

lyrlc. Slant or Stump?

Which is the better. the stone or the stump? Each to its time and place. For purposes of III- unit. the stone is I little harder, although them are apt to be more of them around, For purposes of

telling stories, including the sod-

ones. It does not mailer. More imporlslit here is that

there be an audience, the support- .

lug player who. being only In- tured. may IctuIlly Ilt upon the ground. At the seaside the Item ms in better with the coastline. while In the pine forest the stump

II more natural. For purposes of whltlling-to sit either plIoI brings about In Instinctive open- ing of the lack-kni'e-driftwood nan I Mom.-'ls In Iotslfsctory Is soft pine our I stump. Pu full thinking-well. eitbsr plum Here In I couple of more bulimia. with Illuintions of Motif llluo II the matter. In one. ”Qll!-

PUBLIC FORUM

fill column In CDC! is on llniur III: by Iornspudalu I QIIIIIIAI ll IIKOICIL The (lllrdill loos Id uussurlly IIAII-so III opinlu U oornspoldonls.

MEAT PACKING rAcu,11-ms

Sir. -- In your issue of Sept. 1091- you published I letter by Willard Prowse concerning I "Proposed New Industry,” l.e. the proposed abattoir Ind mest. pack- ing plant. Mr. Prowse draw: at.- tention to some of the benefits this new industry would create; they are Important and worthwhile.

I However. it is my conviction that

hI failed to mention the greatest benefit.

- There are in the Maritime Prov- inces two meat packing plants if considerable size, one at Charlotte town, the other at Moncton. some years Igo these two plants were almost adequate to slaughter. ,pro- cess, or move to the trade in the form of meat all the animals of- fering.

of Inimals raised his Increased rapidly Ind each year it is more 'obviouI the two large plants are now very inadequate to handle the supply offering It certain peak periods. The result is that both plants Ire compelled, at frequent intervals. to discontinue buviug animals until the congestion at the plants is overcome.

That is not I healthy situation because when the plants are un- able to readily handle III the Inl- mals offering over I period of sev- eral weeks, then there is in effect, no competition for what is offered.

Mr. Prowse in his letter states. "Figures show that the Maritime Provinces import approximately 50 per cent of the meat they use."

Now I would urge all interested (and who should not be?) to con- Ilder these two conditions. One, the producer unable to readily dispose of his cattle because the plants are unable to handle the volume of- fering and the other, the area im- porting 50 per cent of the meat used.

What I different situation would prevail if there were adequate fac- llities for slaiiuhler. storage or processing of all animals offering It any time. Then there would bf keen competition or demsnd for the purchase of all animals. De- mand would be an Incentive to In- crease production and employ- ment all along the line.

An Iddltional plInt would be I positive help to this end and there- in. I maintain. would be the great- est benefit of the proposed abattoir and meat packing plant.

I Im. Sir, ctc.. DANIEL GASS Cxirnwall. P. E. I.

oea'6vm

SANCTUARY Remember the little iIlInd we once owned. t

Scented with ripe wild nap- berrlu and pine? our tethered rowbost chonlied

Igalnst the wharf Like I grey pony pulling on its line

drink from then. only the blue" Ind lively IIII

Iround And sun-baked lichen curled on

rocky sr . And happhms like pennants In Ilr, -.

But in recent years the numbers"

There us no cooling spring to

wants them from seeking eye can

which they reslly need. Frequently. after I brief screen- ing test. I person will be Informed that he has 2)-20 vision. All this mum is that you cIn

see It I distance of 20 feet :wliIt dil-

nor I vision seen It thIt tance. It means that you have sharp eyesight when viewing dis- tant objects.

Years ago, 20 feet was chosen In the standard for such tests be- cause light rays are virtually par- Illel at that distance.

Quite frequently I person who has such sharp vision is for sight- ed. He may also be near sighted or have other eye defects.

The 20-20 verdict doesn't In- dicate how good your sight ls for reading and other close-up work, how good is your side vision and dark adaptation and how much teamwork there is between your two eyes.

READING DIFFICULTY

Actually. in I large-proportion of the seeing problems encountered today, especially those associated with reading difficulty. definite tro. uble exists along'with 20-20 viz. ion.

A study of.l60,000 Texas chil- dren recently showed that 53.4 per cent of them had 20-Z) vision and yet lacked the ability to use both eyes properly.

VISION RATING

A vision rating of 1)-N means that your eyes are perfect only if you also have normal side vision. good sight for colors. are Ible to read clearly at I distance of Ibout 15 inches and have normal, heal- thy eye tissues.

All. of these things can't be do- fermiuad with I simple eye chart test. Only In eye specilaist can tell you whether your vision real- ly lirperfcct. Don't accept I 20-20 verdict Is the final word.

QUESTION AND ANSWER

C.P.: My child was bitten by I rat. Are there any contagious dis- eases transmitted by rats?

Answer: Your child should re- ceive protective inoculations Igainat tetnuus or lockisw, for I bite from I rIt can transmit this disease.

A rare disesse known as rat- bite fever also can be transmitted In the same manner. It would be advisable for you to consult your physician.

OUR YESTERDAY!) lhm 'l'liI GiiIriIIII Files

TWENTY-FIVE YEARS AGO (September 18. 1931)

Mr. F. E. Henry of the Audit Department. C.N.R.. Montreal. who has been spending I holiday with his parents. Mr. and Mrs. L.

v G. Henry, City, returned to Mon-

treal yesterdny Iccompanied by his brother Heath.

Miss Florn Murchison, who has had I years leave of absence from her school. which she spent with her mother, Mrs. P. Murchison. West Royalty ha , returned to Brooklyn, New Yor . '

At the recent St. John Exhibition. cattle owned by J. Walter Jones won sixteen first prizes; he also won I beautiful trophy for the best herd of I-Iolstelns and the T. Eaton prize for the best herd Iny breed. Earl Inga, Mt. Herbert. won heavily in the Ayriihlpe classes, taking both grand hamplonshlps.

-ran vi-zsiis AGO (September 13. 1946)

,Mr. and Mrs. Wallace L. Hig- gins, City. have I welcome guest in Mrs. HigglnI' sister. Mrs. Edith Morrison, Grand Prairie, Alberta. It is almost fifty years since Mrs. Morrison and her husband the late Kenneth K. Morrison, formerly of Eldon. left this Province.

Miss Virginia Large of the Brit- ish Embassy, Washington, has II'- rlved in New York City to take up her duties with the United King- som delegation to the United NI- tions Conference. Miu Large spent the month of August It her home in Charlottetown.

THE BEST VALUES FOR Yollli roan DOLLAR

Fresh Fitted DATES-3 Lbs.

39c

IORANGES

Peamesl

Fresh Ground

if D: BIIlIrd'Iv

,,

IACKIACON lb.73e

HAMIUNG ............. 158.556 EEQNIETEAK ...........l.. lb.55C ksossrvsssn lk.39c

letter from his doctor uylnz um the employee losttbroe dIyI of his vscslioii due to sunstroke and should be entitled to three addition- Il days of rest.-The Printed Word

If II declared In the code of ethics of the Canadian Medical Ab wcistion that the secret splitting of fees by Physicians Is "not con- sistent with the honor of the pro- fesalon". ThIt position is strength. sued now by the judgment of Mr. Justice LeBel of the Supreme Court of Ontario that the practice is illegal as well Is unetbIcIl.- Ottawa Journal I

Among major industries. farm. ing has the thlrd-highest Iccldent rate. Surveys show that most Ic- cidents occur in mid-morning and mid-afternoon. Therefore, fume.-5 ought to observe rest periods, Ac. cldenls are often the result of tire. dneiis. In Britain such break; 51-3 traditional. Farm workers take their slndwlch and bottle of ten with them to the field, and us: Is they consume them It mid- morning Ind mid-Ifturnoon.-Low don Free Press

A Inn in Hartford. Connecticut is drawing ' L - '

"II III '. value :0 I wl::'Il3"u'uuu

not suggest the possession f llltlllsence by those who 1:0:-Jul: -ilnntfo ll: Expositor.

0IoIeroIdIII oodw

Ontorio township thgre at-cult: (Irma whose owners, whtigmu nvhg 9? the firm. lrel working In the city. Cow herds have been replaced by beef cattle and dig farms are grazed not cropped, Tm, is typical of what is going on all along the front. of old Ontai-jug Farmer's Advocate '

Jonathan Swift. wit and Iallrlslc opined that he was I brave mu who first ate an oyster. Dean Swift's remark reminds that there must have been considerable ex perimentation long ago to enable man to know what is Hood for him to eat Ind what is best untouched Indeed the entire lesson 91,, V9, to be learned. Who knows what wholesom food we now ignore There was I time when the toniaui was deemed poisonous. and in France the blackberry is still scorned Iltlioughno better black. b91'l'19l lrow wild than ln tn, giilch countryside-Cape Breton

g

ibecnuse be is too fIt to work. 'I'liIt I I new wrinkle. to sIy the least. The fat man had been employed i” "Mi "P SHIP wool from the floor. The mun had trouble bend- lnl down because his tummy got 1" ""3 WIY. So he quit. Since no other job was offered to him, the man is entitled to jobless pIy.- Owen Sound Suii-Times

Each flower produces I distinct WI! Of honey. An American de- partment Itore once Issuntilod 169 different kinds of honey from It! states and 12 forelgn.c-ounu-1.1, Clover honey II the most popular kind in the United States and Canada. though IlfIIfI, oniigo blossom, sage, tulip tree. buck. wheat, sourwood Ind other vsrl. efies are regarded with fIvor. Mesquite honey is highly popular in the American Southwest.-Que bec Chronicle-Telegraph

M. v, FERGUS

Freight will be accepted until noon Friday, Sept. 14, for next sail MN Fergus to St. John's, Nfld.

For space reservation and

NEWFOUNDLAND SHIPPING SERVICE

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PIIRITY OATS 5 Lb. Bag

55:

8313 , noz.

.....'.i. 49; 19! i- .

0 l

llb. 35: Wbltoiorlh Sugori lglbs. 45: ( i,n,iu..., an

CHEESE WHIZ 18 Oz. Jar

2lDoz.l 59c

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